CN210027042U - Axle device and construction machinery - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an axle device and engineering machine tool, wherein, the axle device includes: the first end of each of the first connecting mechanism and the second connecting mechanism is respectively connected with the front axle (2) and the rear axle (4), and the first connecting mechanism is used for being connected with a vehicle power source (5); a clutch member (8) which is provided at a second end of the first or second coupling mechanism so as to be changeable in position; and a state switching drive member for switching to a first state when the vehicle is running at a first speed so that the clutch member (8) is in a first position while engaging with the respective second ends of the first and second connecting mechanisms; and when the vehicle is running at a second speed, switching to a second state to enable the clutch component (8) to be at a second position so as to enable the first connecting mechanism and the second connecting mechanism to be disconnected; the first speed does not exceed the preset operation safety speed, and the second speed exceeds the preset operation safety speed. The structure can enable the engineering machinery to be suitable for high-speed running and low-speed operation at the same time.

Description

Axle device and construction machinery

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of construction machinery, in particular to the design of a vehicle axle device and construction machinery.

Background technique

The current loaders are generally suitable for low-speed operations, and in order to increase the ground adhesion, four wheels need to be driven at the same time during low-speed operations. There is no high-speed loader with a maximum speed of more than 80km/h in China. Since the loader does not have an inter-axle differential, the use of traditional four-wheel drive will cause the entire loader to pitch forward and backward when driving at high speed, causing the center of gravity of the whole machine to occur. Changes will affect the driving safety, and in severe cases will endanger the safety of the driver. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the adaptability of the loader to different working conditions.

Utility model content

The embodiments of the present utility model provide a vehicle axle device and a construction machine, which can make the construction machine suitable for both high-speed running and low-speed operation.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the first aspect of the embodiment of the present invention provides a vehicle axle device, including:

front and rear axles;

the first connection mechanism and the second connection mechanism, the respective first ends are respectively connected with the front axle and the rear axle, and the first connection mechanism is used for connection with the vehicle power source;

a clutch member, the position of which is changeably provided at the second end of the first connection mechanism or the second connection mechanism; and

a state switching drive member for switching to a first state when the vehicle is running at a first speed, so as to move the clutch member to the first position while engaging with the respective second ends of the first link mechanism and the second link mechanism; and When the vehicle is running at the second speed, switching to the second state, so as to move the clutch member to the second position to disengage the first connection mechanism and the second connection mechanism;

Wherein, the first speed does not exceed the preset work safety speed, and the second speed exceeds the preset work safety speed.

In some embodiments, the clutch member is movably disposed along the second end of the first link mechanism and the second end of the second link mechanism, and the clutch member reaches the first position and the second position by moving in opposite directions.

In some embodiments, the clutch component includes a spline sleeve, the respective second ends of the first connection mechanism and the second connection mechanism are spline shafts, the spline sleeves are matched with the spline shafts, and the movement direction of the spline sleeves is the vehicle in the front-rear direction, the first position is located in front of the second position.

In some embodiments, the state switching drive components include:

an auxiliary power source for providing high pressure fluid to drive the clutch member to change position; and

The first reversing valve and the second reversing valve both have a first working position and a second working position;

Wherein, when the state switching drive member is in the first state, the first reversing valve is in the first working position, the second reversing valve is in the second working position, and the high-pressure fluid acts on the clutch member through the first reversing valve to make it move to the first position; when the state switching drive member is in the second state, the second reversing valve is in the first working position, the first reversing valve is in the second working position, and the high-pressure fluid acts on the clutch member through the second reversing valve move it to the second position.

In some embodiments, the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve are two-position three-way valves, including a fluid inlet, a working port and a fluid return port;

The fluid inlet is communicated with the auxiliary power source, the opposite ends of the clutch member along the movement direction are respectively provided with a first fluid port and a second fluid port, and the working ports of the first reversing valve and the second reversing valve are respectively connected with the first and second reversing valves. The fluid port communicates with the second fluid port, and the fluid return port is used to return the fluid discharged from the first fluid port or the second fluid port.

In some embodiments, the axle device further includes:

a displacement sensor for detecting displacement of the clutch member; and

The controller is used for receiving the detection signal of the displacement sensor, and when it is determined that the clutch member has reached the first position or the second position, the state switching driving member stops applying the driving force to the clutch member.

In some embodiments, the axle device further includes:

a displacement sensor for detecting displacement of the clutch member; and

The controller is used for receiving the detection signal of the displacement sensor, and when it is determined that the clutch member reaches the first position, the first reversing valve is switched to the second working position, so that the fluid in the first fluid port passes through the first reversing The valve flows out from the fluid return port; when it is determined that the clutch member reaches the second position, the second reversing valve is switched to the second working position, so that the fluid in the second fluid port flows out from the fluid return port through the second reversing valve .

In some embodiments, the axle device further includes:

a switching operating element for receiving external operations and issuing state switching commands; and

The controller switches the state switching drive member between the first state and the second state in response to an operation instruction of the switching operation element.

In some embodiments, the axle device further includes:

a vehicle speed detection component for detecting the traveling speed of the vehicle; and

The controller is used for receiving the traveling speed signal detected by the vehicle speed detecting part, and comparing the current traveling speed with the preset working safety speed, so as to make the state switch driving part under the condition that the current traveling speed does not exceed the preset working safety speed Switching to the first state, when the current traveling speed exceeds the preset work safety speed, the state switching drive member is switched to the second state.

To achieve the above purpose, a second aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a construction machine, including the axle device of the above embodiments.

In some embodiments, the construction machine is a loader.

Based on the above technical solutions, the axle device according to an embodiment of the present invention can switch the state switching drive member to the first state when the vehicle is operating at a low speed, so that the clutch member is moved to the first connection mechanism and the second connection at the same time. The second ends of the mechanisms are combined to connect the rear axle with the power source of the vehicle to realize the simultaneous driving of the front axle and the rear axle, increase the ground adhesion and improve the operation reliability; and when the vehicle is running at high speed, the state switching drive components are switched to In the second state, the clutch member is moved to disengage from the first connection mechanism, the rear axle is disconnected from the vehicle power source, and only the front axle is driven to increase the safety of high-speed driving. This kind of axle device can make the construction machinery suitable for high-speed driving and low-speed operation at the same time.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings described here are used to provide further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the present application. The schematic embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute an improper limitation of the present invention. In the attached image:

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a vehicle axle device of the present invention.

Description of reference numerals

1. Front wheel; 2. Front axle; 3. Rear wheel; 4. Rear axle; 5. Vehicle power source; 6. First connecting mechanism; 7. Second connecting mechanism; 8. Clutch component; 81. First fluid port; 82, second fluid port; 9, displacement sensor; 10, first reversing valve; 11, second reversing valve; 101, fluid inlet; 102, working port; 103, fluid return port; 12, air compression machine; 13, gas storage container; 14, pressure reducing valve; 15, controller; 16, switching operation element; 17, power supply.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be described in detail below. In the following paragraphs, different aspects of the embodiments are defined in more detail. Aspects so defined may be combined with any other aspect or aspects, unless explicitly stated otherwise. In particular, any feature considered preferred or advantageous may be combined with one or more other features considered preferred or advantageous.

Terms such as "first" and "second" appearing in the present utility model are only for the convenience of description, to distinguish different components with the same name, and do not indicate a sequence or a primary-secondary relationship.

In the description of the present invention, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by "upper", "lower", "top", "bottom", "front", "rear", "inner" and "outer" is based on The orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings is only for the convenience of describing the present invention, rather than indicating or implying that the device referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as protection of the present invention scope limit. The above orientations are determined based on the driver being in the vehicle, the longitudinal direction of the vehicle is the front-rear direction, and the lateral direction is the left-right direction.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the present invention provides an axle device for construction machinery. In some embodiments, it includes: a front axle 2 , a rear axle 4 , a first connecting mechanism 6 , a second connecting mechanism 7 , The clutch member 8 and the state switching drive member. The two ends of the front axle 2 are respectively connected to the front wheel 1, and the two ends of the rear axle 4 are respectively connected to the rear wheels. The front axle 2 and the rear axle 4 can be full axles or half axles.

The first end of the first connecting mechanism 6 is connected with the front axle 2 , the first end of the second connecting mechanism 7 is connected with the rear axle 4 , and the first connecting mechanism 6 is used for connecting with a vehicle power source 5 such as an engine. The first connection mechanism 6 and the second connection mechanism 7 may include at least one of a gear transmission structure and a link mechanism. The clutch member 8 is provided on the second end of the first connecting mechanism 6 or the second connecting mechanism 7 in a positionable manner.

When the vehicle is running at a first speed, the first speed does not exceed the preset working safety speed, for example, 80km/h, that is, the vehicle is in a low-speed working mode, and the state switching drive part is switched to the first state, so that the clutch part 8 moves to the first state. A position is combined with the respective second ends of the first connection mechanism 6 and the second connection mechanism 7 at the same time, so that the rear axle 4 is combined with the first connection mechanism 6 through the second connection mechanism 7 and the clutch member 8, and the vehicle power source 5 can be simultaneously Driving the front axle 2 and the rear axle 4 can increase the ground adhesion of the tires and improve the reliability of the construction machinery in the low-speed operation mode.

When the vehicle is running at the second speed, and the second speed exceeds the preset working safety speed, the state switching drive member switches to the second state, so that the clutch member 8 is moved to the second position so that the first connection mechanism 6 and the second connection mechanism are connected. 7 disengage. The rear axle 4 is disconnected from the vehicle power source 5, and the vehicle power source 5 only provides driving force for the front axle 2, and the rear wheels 3 follow. Due to the influence of manufacturing errors, tire pressure and the center of gravity of the vehicle, the front wheel 1 and the rear wheel 3 have a large speed difference when driving. This driving method can prevent the construction machinery from pitching forward and backward in the high-speed driving mode, causing obvious problems. The "nodding" phenomenon can improve the stability of the vehicle and ensure the safety of the driver.

Therefore, the axle device can make the construction machinery suitable for both high-speed driving and low-speed operation, improve the adaptability of the construction machinery to operation and driving, can operate reliably, and can transition efficiently and safely, and can improve work efficiency.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1 , the clutch member 8 is movably arranged along the second end of the first connection mechanism 6 and the second end of the second connection mechanism 7 , and the clutch member 8 is reached by moving in opposite directions. first position and second position. The position of the clutch member 8 can be changed by moving, which can improve the stability of the state switching process and save space.

For example, the clutch member 8 includes a spline sleeve, the respective second ends of the first connection mechanism 6 and the second connection mechanism 7 are spline shafts, and the spline sleeves are matched with the spline shafts. This structure can reliably combine the spline shafts of the first connection mechanism 6 and the second connection mechanism 7 when the spline sleeve moves to the first position, reliably transmit the driving force of the vehicle power source 5, and connect the spline sleeve to the spline shaft. When moving in reverse to the second position, it is easy to disengage from the spline shaft of the first connecting mechanism 6, and the structure is simple and easy to implement. Alternatively, the respective second ends of the first connecting mechanism 6 and the second connecting mechanism 7 are shafts with flat keys, the clutch member 8 includes a shaft sleeve, and the inner wall of the shaft sleeve is provided with key grooves adapted to the flat keys.

Alternatively, the first end of the clutch member 8 is hinged with one of the first connection mechanism 6 and the second connection mechanism 7, and the second end can swing around the hinge point to reach the first position or the second position by swinging, at When reaching the first position, the second end of the clutch member needs to be engaged with the other of the first connection mechanism 6 and the second connection mechanism 7 .

In some embodiments, the respective second ends of the first connection mechanism 6 and the second connection mechanism 7 are disposed along the longitudinal direction of the vehicle, for example, the moving direction of the clutch member 8 such as the spline sleeve is the front and rear direction of the vehicle, and the first position is located at the second the front of the location. This structure can simplify the layout of the two connection structures. Moreover, the respective second ends of the first connecting mechanism 6 and the second connecting mechanism 7 can be located at the center of the vehicle transverse direction. When the rear axle 4 is combined, the driving force provided by the vehicle power source 5 can be evenly applied to the left and right sides. On the rear wheel 3, the driving stability of the vehicle is improved.

In some embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1 , the state switching drive component includes: an auxiliary power source for providing a high-pressure fluid to drive the clutch component 8 to move, and the fluid may be gas or hydraulic oil; and the first reversing valve 10 and The second reversing valve 11 has a first working position and a second working position.

Wherein, when the state switching drive member is in the first state, the first reversing valve 10 is in the first working position (upper position in FIG. 1 ), the second reversing valve 11 is in the second working position (lower position in FIG. 1 ), and the high pressure The fluid acts on the clutch member 8 through the first reversing valve 10 to move it to the first position. When the state switching driving member is in the second state, the second reversing valve 11 is in the first working position (upper position in FIG. 1 ), the first reversing valve 10 is in the second working position (lower position in FIG. 1 ), and the high-pressure fluid passes through The second selector valve 11 acts on the clutch member 8 to move to the second position.

In this embodiment, the high-pressure fluid drives the clutch member 8 to move, so that a large driving force can be achieved, so that the rear axle 4 can be reliably combined or disengaged from the vehicle power source 5, and the switching of the driving mode of the construction machinery in low-speed operation and high-speed driving mode is improved. reliability. Alternatively, the clutch member 8 can also be driven to move by an electric linear motion mechanism.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the first reversing valve 10 and the second reversing valve 11 are two-position three-way valves, each including a fluid inlet 101 , a working port 102 and a fluid return port 103 . Wherein, the fluid inlet 101 is communicated with the auxiliary power source, the opposite ends of the clutch member 8 along the moving direction are respectively provided with a first fluid port 81 and a second fluid port 82, the first reversing valve 10 and the second reversing valve 11 The working port 102 communicates with the first fluid port 81 and the second fluid port 82 respectively, and the fluid return port 103 is used to return the fluid discharged from the first fluid port 81 or the second fluid port 82 .

The cross-sectional area of the first fluid port 81 and the second fluid port 82 may be larger than the cross-sectional area of the pipes connected thereto, so as to increase a greater driving force for the movement of the clutch member 8 under the condition of a certain fluid pressure. Alternatively, in the case where the driving force requirement is small, the cross-sectional areas of the first fluid port 81 and the second fluid port 82 can also be consistent with the cross-sectional area of the pipe, and only serve as the pipe connection ports.

By using two independent reversing valves to respectively control the moving direction of the high-pressure fluid to drive the clutch member 8, the vehicle can still work in the event of a failure of one reversing valve. For example, in the case of failure of the first reversing valve 10, the rear axle 4 can be disengaged by switching the second reversing valve 11, the vehicle is suitable for high-speed driving, but light-load and low-speed operation can also be performed in this state; When the second reversing valve 11 fails, the rear axle 4 can be combined through the switching of the first reversing valve 10, and the vehicle is suitable for low-speed operation, but in this state, the vehicle can also be operated safely according to the preset operation. Drive at an approaching speed.

In some embodiments, the auxiliary power source includes: an air compressor 12 and an air storage container 13 , and the air storage container 13 is used for storing high-pressure gas generated by the air compressor 12 . Or the auxiliary power source includes: a fuel tank and a hydraulic pump, and the hydraulic pump is used to convert the hydraulic oil in the fuel tank into high-pressure oil.

Further, a pressure reducing valve 14 is provided between the auxiliary power source and the first reversing valve 10 and the second reversing valve 11 to reduce the pressure of the high-pressure fluid to provide a suitable driving force for the clutch member 8 .

In addition to using two independent reversing valves, in some other embodiments, the state switching drive component includes: an auxiliary power source for providing high-pressure fluid to drive the clutch component 8 to move; and a third reversing valve, which has a first working position, the second working position and the third working position, and the third working position is between the first working position and the second working position. Wherein, when the state switching driving member is in the first state, the high-pressure fluid acts on the clutch member 8 through the first working position of the third reversing valve to move it to the first position; when the state switching driving member is in the second state, The high-pressure fluid acts on the clutch member 8 through the second working position of the third reversing valve to move it to the second position.

In this embodiment, by arranging a reversing valve to switch the clutch member 8 between the first position and the second position, the structure can be simplified, the space can be saved, and the control logic can be simplified.

In some embodiments, the axle device of the present invention further includes: a displacement sensor 9 for detecting the displacement of the clutch component 8; and a controller 15 for receiving the detection signal of the displacement sensor 9 and determining the clutch component When the 8 moves to the first position or the second position, the state switching driving member stops applying the driving force to the clutch member 8 . In the low-speed operation or high-speed driving mode, after the clutch member 8 moves in place, the movement of the clutch member 8 can be stopped by stopping the application of driving force without continuing to move.

In a specific embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 , the axle device of the present invention further includes: a displacement sensor 9 for detecting the displacement of the clutch member 8 ; and a controller 15 for receiving the detection of the displacement sensor 9 signal, and when it is determined that the clutch member 8 has reached the first position, the first reversing valve 10 is switched to the second working position, so that the fluid in the first fluid port 81 passes through the first reversing valve 10 from the fluid return port 103 flows out; when it is determined that the clutch member 8 reaches the second position, the second reversing valve 11 is switched to the second working position, so that the fluid in the second fluid port 82 returns from the fluid port through the second reversing valve 11 103 outflow.

In some embodiments, the axle device of the present invention further comprises: a switching operating element 16 for receiving external operations and issuing state switching instructions, for example, using buttons, handles or toggle switches; and a controller 15 for responding to An operation command to the switching operating element 16 switches the state switching drive member between the first state and the second state.

Before the vehicle needs to enter the low-speed operation or high-speed driving mode, the operator can select the state by switching the operating element 16. The switching operating element 16 can be located in the cab or on the remote control, which can flexibly and conveniently switch the construction machinery to the required level. mode. Preferably, in the neutral state, the operator selects the working mode by switching the operating element 16 , and after judging that the clutch member 8 has moved in place according to the detection signal of the displacement sensor 9 , the state switching driving member stops applying driving force to the clutch member 8 , at this time, engage the forward gear again for low-speed operation or high-speed driving.

In other embodiments, the vehicle axle device of the present invention further includes: a vehicle speed detection component for detecting the traveling speed of the vehicle; and a controller 15 for receiving the traveling speed signal detected by the vehicle speed detection component, and for detecting the current driving speed The speed is compared with the preset working safety speed, so as to automatically switch the state switching drive part to the first state under the condition that the current running speed does not exceed the preset working safety speed, and when the current running speed exceeds the preset working safety speed Next, the state switching drive member is automatically switched to the second state.

This embodiment can reduce the operating burden of the driver, and automatically match the appropriate driving mode according to the speed of the vehicle, which can not only ensure reliable adhesion of the vehicle to the ground when driving at low speed, but also ensure the safety of the vehicle when driving at high speed. For example, when the construction machinery is performing operations, in order to ensure reliable ground adhesion, it should drive at the first speed. If the controller determines that the current driving speed exceeds the preset safe speed for operation, it will automatically disengage the rear axle 4 to Improve driving safety.

Taking FIG. 1 as an example below, a specific embodiment is given to illustrate the working principle of the vehicle axle device of the present invention.

For circuit connections, see the dotted line in Figure 1. The controller 15 is an electronic control unit (ECU), and the switching operating element 16 is a switch, such as a rocker-type SPDT switch. Only one of the switch's terminal L and terminal M or terminal N can be connected, and terminals M and N cannot be connected at the same time. Terminal N, and terminal L are always connected to one of the terminals. The positive pole of the power supply 17 is connected to the terminal L of the switch, the terminals M and N of the switch are respectively connected to the F terminal and the E terminal of the ECU, and the A terminal, B terminal and C terminal of the ECU are respectively connected to the negative pole of the power supply 17 and the second reversing valve. The H terminal of 11 and the K terminal of the first reversing valve 10, and the G terminal of the second reversing valve 11 and the J terminal of the first reversing valve 10 are connected to the negative pole of the power supply 17 at the same time, and the D terminal of the ECU and the displacement sensor 9 connect.

For the air connection, see the solid line in Figure 1. The air compressor 12 is connected to the fluid inlet 101 of the first reversing valve 10 and the second reversing valve 11 through the air storage container 13 and the pressure reducing valve 14 in turn. For example, the outlet pressure of the pressure reducing valve 14 is 0.5±0.1MPa, Or the gas of the gas storage container 13 can also be derived from other systems of the vehicle; the working ports 102 of the first reversing valve 10 and the second reversing valve 11 are respectively located at the opposite ends of the first fluid port 81 and the second fluid port 81 of the clutch member 8 The fluid port 82 is in communication; the respective fluid return ports 103 of the first reversing valve 10 and the second reversing valve 11 are connected to the atmosphere at the same time. The first reversing valve 10 and the second reversing valve 11 can be a two-position three-way electromagnetic air valve, or a proportional electromagnetic air valve. When the power is not turned on, the fluid inlet 101 is disconnected from the working port 102, and the fluid returns to the port. 103 is communicated with the working port.

The working principle of this axle device is as follows:

When the vehicle needs to work at low speed, in order to give full play to the adhesion of the ground, it is necessary to use four-wheel drive at the same time. At this time, it is necessary to press the switch in the neutral state, the terminals L and N of the switch are connected, the terminal K of the first reversing valve 10 is connected, the electromagnet is energized, the fluid inlet 101 is connected to the working port 102, and the gas is stored. The gas in the container 13 passes through the pressure reducing valve 14 and the first reversing valve 10 to the first fluid port 81 of the clutch member 8, so that the clutch member 8 is moved to the first position under the action of the air pressure, and the first connection mechanism 6 and the clutch member 8 are moved to the first position. The second connection mechanism 7 is combined. When the rear axle 4 is reliably engaged, the displacement sensor 9 transmits the information of the engagement of the rear axle 4 to the ECU, and the ECU quickly de-energizes the first reversing valve 10 , and the gas in the second fluid port 82 passes through the operation of the first reversing valve 10 . Port 102 and fluid return port 103 vent to atmosphere. At this time, engage the forward gear again and perform low-speed operation.

When the vehicle needs to work at high speed, in order to ensure safe driving and prevent the whole machine from pitching forward and backward at high speed, the rear axle 4 needs to be disengaged and only the front axle 2 is driven. At this time, it is necessary to press the switch in the neutral state, the terminal L of the switch is connected to the terminal M, the terminal H of the second reversing valve 11 is connected, the electromagnet is energized, the fluid inlet 101 is connected to the working port 102, and the gas is stored. The gas in the container 13 passes through the pressure reducing valve 14 and the second reversing valve 11 to the second fluid port 82 of the clutch member 8, so that the clutch member 8 is moved to the second position under the action of the air pressure, and the second connection mechanism 7 and The first connection mechanism 6 is combined. When the rear axle 4 is reliably disengaged, the displacement sensor 9 transmits the disengagement information of the rear axle 4 to the ECU, and the ECU quickly cuts off the second reversing valve 11 , and the gas in the first fluid port 82 passes through the second reversing valve 11 The working port 102 and the fluid return port 103 are exhausted to the atmosphere. At this time, engage the forward gear again and drive at high speed.

Compared with the ordinary axle system, this kind of axle device only needs to increase the reversing valve, the pressure reducing valve 14 and the clutch part 8, and the cost increase is very small compared with the whole machine; the use of ECU and electrical control can improve the efficiency of the entire control system. Sensitivity and response speed enable the vehicle to quickly switch between different modes; the whole device has a simple working principle, a small number of components, high reliability, easy positioning in case of failure, convenient maintenance and detection, and low maintenance cost; the whole machine integrates High-speed driving and low-speed working mode, high-speed driving can be used for transfer or material transportation, with strong adaptability.

Secondly, the utility model also provides a construction machine, including the axle device of the above-mentioned embodiment. This kind of construction machinery can connect the rear axle with the vehicle power source at low speed, realize the simultaneous driving of the front axle and the rear axle, increase the ground adhesion, and improve the operation reliability; and at high speed, the rear axle and the vehicle power The source is disconnected, and only the front axle is driven to increase the safety of high-speed driving. This kind of construction machinery can be used for both high-speed driving and low-speed operation.

Preferably, the construction machinery is a loader. Since there is no loader suitable for high-speed driving in China at present, since the loader does not have an inter-axle differential, when the traditional four-wheel drive is used at high speed, there will be a large difference in the speed of the four wheels, causing the entire loader to bend forward and backward. up. The loader adopting the axle device of the utility model can increase the safety of high-speed driving, realize efficient transition, improve the safety of the driver, and also improve the operation reliability.

In addition, the construction machinery can also be a tire-mounted crane, an excavator or a rotary drilling rig.

The vehicle axle device and the construction machinery provided by the present utility model are introduced in detail above. The principles and implementations of the present utility model are described herein by using specific embodiments, and the descriptions of the above embodiments are only used to help understand the method and the core idea of the present utility model. It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principles of the present utility model, some improvements and modifications can also be made to the present utility model, and these improvements and modifications also fall into the protection of the claims of the present utility model. within the range.

Claims (10)

1. An axle device, comprising:

a front axle (2) and a rear axle (4);

a first connecting mechanism (6) and a second connecting mechanism (7), wherein the first ends of the first connecting mechanism and the second connecting mechanism are respectively connected with the front axle (2) and the rear axle (4), and the first connecting mechanism (6) is used for being connected with a vehicle power source (5);

a clutch member (8) which is provided at a second end of the first connecting mechanism (6) or the second connecting mechanism (7) in a position-changeable manner; and

a state switching drive member for switching to a first state to move the clutch member (8) to a first position while engaging with respective second ends of the first connecting mechanism (6) and the second connecting mechanism (7) when the vehicle is running at a first speed; and when the vehicle runs at a second speed, switching to a second state to move the clutch component (8) to a second position to disengage the first connecting mechanism (6) and the second connecting mechanism (7);

the first speed is not more than a preset operation safety speed, and the second speed is more than the preset operation safety speed.

2. The axle arrangement according to claim 1, characterized in that the clutch member (8) is movably arranged along a second end of the first connection (6) and a second end of the second connection (7), the clutch member (8) reaching the first and second positions by moving in opposite directions.

3. The axle arrangement of claim 2, characterized in that the clutch member (8) comprises a spline housing, the second ends of the first and second coupling mechanisms (6, 7) are spline shafts, the spline housing is fitted to the spline shafts, the direction of movement of the spline housing is the front-rear direction of the vehicle, and the first position is located forward of the second position.

4. The axle arrangement of claim 1, wherein the state-shifting drive component includes:

an auxiliary power source for providing high-pressure fluid to drive the clutch member (8) to change positions; and

the first reversing valve (10) and the second reversing valve (11) are respectively provided with a first working position and a second working position;

when the state switching driving component is in a first state, the first reversing valve (10) is in a first working position, the second reversing valve (11) is in a second working position, and high-pressure fluid acts on the clutch component (8) through the first reversing valve (10) to move the clutch component to the first position; when the state switching driving component is in a second state, the second reversing valve (11) is in a first working position, the first reversing valve (10) is in a second working position, and high-pressure fluid acts on the clutch component (8) through the second reversing valve (11) to move the clutch component to a second position.

5. The axle arrangement according to claim 4, characterized in that the first directional valve (10) and the second directional valve (11) are both two-position, three-way valves comprising a fluid inlet (101), a working port (102) and a fluid return port (103);

the fluid inlet (101) is communicated with the auxiliary power source, two ends of the clutch component (8) opposite to the movement direction are respectively provided with a first fluid port (81) and a second fluid port (82), working ports (102) of the first reversing valve (10) and the second reversing valve (11) are respectively communicated with the first fluid port (81) and the second fluid port (82), and a fluid return port (103) is used for returning fluid discharged from the first fluid port (81) or the second fluid port (82).

6. The axle arrangement of claim 1, further comprising:

a displacement sensor (9) for detecting a displacement of the clutch member (8); and

and a controller (15) for receiving the detection signal of the displacement sensor (9) and stopping the state switching drive member from applying the driving force to the clutch member (8) when the clutch member (8) is judged to reach the first position or the second position.

7. The axle arrangement of claim 5, further comprising:

a displacement sensor (9) for detecting a displacement of the clutch member (8); and

a controller (15) for receiving the detection signal of the displacement sensor (9) and switching the first reversing valve (10) to a second working position when the clutch component (8) is judged to reach the first position, so that the fluid in the first fluid port (81) flows out of the fluid return port (103) through the first reversing valve (10); when the clutch component (8) is judged to reach the second position, the second reversing valve (11) is switched to a second working position, so that the fluid in the second fluid port (82) flows out of the fluid return port (103) through the second reversing valve (11).

8. The axle arrangement of claim 1, further comprising:

a switching operation element (16) for receiving an external operation and issuing a state switching instruction; and

a controller (15) that switches the state switching drive member between a first state and a second state in response to an operation instruction of the switching operation element (16).

9. The axle arrangement of claim 1, further comprising:

vehicle speed detection means for detecting a running speed of the vehicle; and

and the controller (15) is used for receiving the running speed signal detected by the vehicle speed detection component, comparing the current running speed with the preset operation safety speed, switching the state switching driving component to a first state under the condition that the current running speed does not exceed the preset operation safety speed, and switching the state switching driving component to a second state under the condition that the current running speed exceeds the preset operation safety speed.

10. A construction machine comprising an axle device according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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