CN210833435U - Color triangle displacement sensor based on triangulation method - Google Patents
Color triangle displacement sensor based on triangulation method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model provides a colored triangle displacement sensor based on triangulation method, adopt the polychrome pointolite to be incident light, the system of the object height information of token with the position of image surface energy peak has been realized, owing to adopt the polychrome pointolite to replace the laser pointolite among the prior art, consequently colored triangle displacement sensor can have higher resolution ratio, utilize the round hole to filter the reflection light of object surface non-focusing wavelength of testee simultaneously, make only the reflection light of focusing on the object surface specific wavelength can transmit the line type detector, thereby make colored triangle displacement sensor have higher SNR, consequently, the colored triangle displacement sensor that this embodiment provided, the effectual SNR that has improved, can acquire more accurate object surface height information.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to the technical field of the high accuracy measurement technique and specifically relates to a color triangle displacement sensor based on triangulation method.
Background
With the development of industrial technology, the requirement of technicians on measurement accuracy is higher and higher, and the laser triangulation displacement method is widely applied to the measurement of physical quantities such as thickness and shape of an object as a high-accuracy nondestructive testing mode.
The laser triangular displacement method realizes the direct correspondence of the position of a signal wave crest on the linear array or area array photosensitive element and the height information of the surface of a measured object, the height information of the measured object is represented by extracting the position of the signal wave crest acquired on the linear array or area array photosensitive element, but for an area with a more complex surface shape of the measured object, the problem that the position of the wave crest deviates or a plurality of wave crests appear in a signal received by the laser triangular displacement sensor often occurs, and therefore the height information of the surface of the measured object is inaccurate.
Therefore, the prior art is subject to further improvement.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
In view of the weak point among the above-mentioned prior art, the utility model provides a color triangle displacement sensor based on triangulation method has overcome the defect that the degree of accuracy is low when the more complicated regional object surface height of laser triangle displacement sensor measurement surface shape among the prior art.
The embodiment discloses a color triangle displacement sensor based on a triangulation method, which comprises: the system comprises a multi-color point light source, a first dispersive lens group, a second dispersive lens group, a filter, a focusing lens group, a linear array detector and a processor;
the polychromatic point light source is used for emitting polychromatic light;
the first dispersive lens group is used for carrying out axial dispersion on the polychromatic light and focusing the dispersed light with different wavelengths on the surface of a measured object;
the second dispersive lens group is used for receiving the reflected light beam reflected by the surface of the measured object and projecting the reflected light beam to the optical filter;
the optical filter is positioned on the focal plane of the second dispersive lens group and used for receiving the reflected light beam transmitted by the second dispersive lens group and filtering out the reflected light beam with a specific wavelength range; wherein the specific wavelength range is the wavelength range of light focused on the surface of the object to be measured;
the focusing lens group is used for receiving the reflected light beam filtered by the optical filter and focusing the reflected light beam on the linear array detector;
the linear array detector is used for receiving a reflected light beam, acquiring position information of an image point of the reflected light beam and transmitting the acquired position information to the processor;
and the processor is used for obtaining the height information of the surface of the measured object according to the position information.
Optionally, the multi-color point light source includes: the white LED and the shaping lens group are used for shaping the white light emitted by the white LED.
Optionally, the first dispersive lens group and the second dispersive lens group are symmetrical in structure.
Optionally, the first dispersive lens group or the second dispersive lens group includes at least one spherical lens.
Optionally, the optical filter is a circular hole, and the circular hole is disposed on the focal plane of the second dispersive lens group and used for filtering out the light with non-focusing wavelength reflected by the surface of the object to be measured.
Optionally, the linear array detector is a linear array CCD or CMOS.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the utility model provides a have following advantage:
according to the utility model discloses the embodiment provides a sensor, adopt the polychrome pointolite to be incident light source, realized the device that comes the measured object height information with the position of image surface energy peak, owing to adopt the polychrome pointolite to replace the laser pointolite among the prior art, consequently colored triangle displacement sensor can have higher resolution ratio, utilize the round hole to filter the non-focus wavelength light of measured object surface reflection simultaneously, make only focus on the measured object reflection light of specific wavelength on the surface can transmit the line type detector in, thereby make colored triangle displacement sensor have higher SNR, consequently the colored triangle displacement sensor that this embodiment provided, higher SNR has, can be more accurate the height information who obtains the object surface.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a color triangle displacement sensor based on triangulation in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic view of shaping a point light source according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the dispersion of light rays in the first dispersive lens group according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of light rays in the second dispersive lens group according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 5 is a flowchart illustrating steps of a measuring method of a color triangulation sensor based on triangulation according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer and clearer, the present invention will be described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The inventor finds that laser triangle displacement sensor among the prior art is when measuring the complicated surface of shape, and the waveform deformation or a plurality of crest problem appear in the signal that easily appears gathering, can't acquire comparatively accurate measuring result, in order to overcome the defect that laser triangle displacement sensor measured data degree of accuracy is low among the prior art, the utility model provides a color triangle displacement sensor based on triangulation method.
The working principle of the color triangular displacement sensor provided by the embodiment is as follows: the point light source is used for emitting polychromatic light, the polychromatic light emitted by the point light source can be subjected to chromatic dispersion through the first chromatic dispersion lens group, the chromatic dispersion enables light rays with different wavelengths in the polychromatic light to have focuses with different heights, and the light rays with different wavelengths are focused to different heights of the surface of an object to be measured; the surface of the measured object reflects the received incident light to form reflected light, the reflected light sequentially passes through the second dispersive lens group, the optical filter and the focusing lens group and finally focuses on the linear array detector, the linear array detector obtains position information of image points of the reflected light and transmits the position information to the processor, and the processor obtains height information on the surface of the measured object according to the received position information.
The sensor disclosed in this embodiment will be further described with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1
The embodiment discloses a color triangle displacement sensor based on triangulation, as shown in fig. 1, including: the system comprises a multi-color point light source 10, a first dispersive lens group 20, a second dispersive lens group 40, a filter 50, a focusing lens group 60, a linear array detector 70 and a processor;
the polychromatic point light source 10 is used for emitting polychromatic light.
The first dispersive lens group 20 is configured to receive the polychromatic light, perform axial dispersion on the polychromatic light, and focus the dispersed light with different wavelengths onto the surface of the object 30 to be measured.
The first dispersive lens group 20 is composed of 1 or more than 1 lens, and the first dispersive lens group has small spherical aberration and large on-axis chromatic aberration by optimizing parameters such as the focal power of each lens and the air interval of each lens. After the polychromatic light passes through the first dispersive lens group 20, the light with different wavelengths has different focuses on the optical axis, and the polychromatic light has a larger dispersion range on the axis due to the larger chromatic aberration on the axis. In actual measurement, the first dispersive lens group 20 irradiates the object 30 to be measured at a certain angle, and as the relative positions of the first dispersive lens group 20 and the object 30 to be measured are changed, light with different wavelengths is focused on the surface of the object 30 to be measured, while light with other wavelengths is defocused on the surface of the object to be measured.
After receiving the incident light, the surface of the object 30 to be measured reflects the incident light to form a reflected light beam.
The second dispersive lens group 40 is configured to receive the reflected light beam reflected by the surface of the object to be measured and project the reflected light beam to the optical filter 40.
The second dispersing lens 40 is similar to the first dispersing lens 20 in structure, and is composed of 1 or more than 1 lens. After the light reflected by the object 30 with different wavelengths propagates to the second dispersive lens group 40, there are different positions of the image points.
The filter 50 is located on the focal plane of the second dispersive lens group 40 and is used for receiving the reflected light beam transmitted by the second dispersive lens group 40 and filtering out the reflected light beam with a specific wavelength range; wherein the specific wavelength range is the wavelength range of light focused on the surface of the object to be measured.
The light emitted from the second dispersive lens group 40 is filtered by a filter 50, so that the reflected light with the wavelength focused on the surface of the object to be measured can pass through the filter 50, and the reflected light with the defocused wavelength on the surface of the object to be measured 30 can be filtered by the filter 50.
When the height of the object to be measured changes, the wavelength of the light focused on the surface of the object to be measured also changes, and the light reflected by the focused wavelength still passes through the filter 50, but the angle of entering the filter 50 changes. The second dispersive lens group 40 and the filter 50 allow only light focused at a wavelength on the surface of the object 30 to pass through the filter 50, and reflected light of defocused light is blocked by the filter 50 and does not enter the following focusing lens group 60.
In an embodiment, the filter 40 is a circular hole with a predetermined size.
A focusing lens group 60 for receiving the reflected light beam filtered by the filter 50 and focusing the reflected light beam onto the line detector 70; the focusing lens group 60 focuses the light beam filtered by the filter 50 onto the linear array detector 70, the linear array detector 70 receives the reflected light beam, acquires the position information of the highest energy point on the linear array detector 70 of the image of the reflected light beam, and transmits the acquired position information of the highest energy point on the linear array detector 70 to the processor; and the processor is used for obtaining the height information of the object 30 to be measured according to the position information.
The focusing lens group 60 is used to receive the light passing through the filter 50 and image the incident light in different directions onto different positions of the line detector 70. The light rays with different wavelengths pass through the first dispersive lens group 20 and then are focused to different heights of the surface of the object to be measured; the second dispersive lens group 40 and the filter 50 filter out the reflected light of unfocused wavelength on the surface of the object to be measured, so that only the light of focused wavelength enters the focusing lens group 60; when the surface height of the object to be measured changes, the wavelength of the light focused on the surface of the object to be measured also changes, the light passes through the circular holes at different angles after passing through the second dispersive lens group 40, the focusing lens group focuses the reflected light passing through the circular holes at different angles to different positions on the linear array detector 70, the position information of the highest energy point on the linear array detector 70 corresponds to the height information of the surface of the object to be measured, and the acquisition of the surface height information of the object to be measured is realized.
The utility model discloses a measurement system of object surface height has avoided measuring device and testee direct contact, has realized nondestructive test, realizes once non-contact measurement based on triangulation method, acquires the height information on testee surface, is a high accuracy, high sensitivity's nondestructive test device.
The system provided by the present invention will be further described in more detail with reference to fig. 1 to 4.
As shown in fig. 2, the multi-color point light source includes: a white LED lamp set 220 and a shaping lens set 210. Because the divergence angle of the white light emitted by the LED lamp is large, the energy is dispersed, and if the white light is directly used, the light signal received by the linear array detector may be weak, so that in order to make the divergence angle of the light emitted by the LED lamp small and the energy concentrated, in this embodiment, the shaping lens group 210 is used to focus and shape the light, so that the shaped white light may have a small divergence angle and a high energy concentration ratio.
Specifically, the shaping lens group 210 is placed in a light path of the white light emitted from the white LED lamp group 220, and may be composed of 1 or more lenses, and the shaping lens group 210 is placed at one end of the LED lamp group 220, and the shaping lens group 210 is used to shape the white light emitted from the LED lamp group 220, so that the white light emitted from the shaping lens group 210 is relatively concentrated and has high energy concentration.
The first dispersive lens group 20 uses 1 or more than 1 optical lens combination of different materials to disperse the incident light (the incident light is polychromatic light emitted by a point light source, if the light source is a white LED lamp group, the incident light is white light), and may use spherical lens or aspheric lens. The first dispersive lens group focuses light of different wavelengths at different heights of the object 30 to be measured. With reference to fig. 3, in consideration of the fact that the first dispersive lens group 20 can be used in different environments, the first dispersive lens group 20 of the present invention is provided with a protection glass 80 for protecting other lenses of the first dispersive lens group 20.
After the polychromatic light passes through the first dispersive lens group 20, the light with different wavelengths can be focused on different heights, so that the correspondence between the wavelengths and the surface height of the object to be measured is realized. In one embodiment, the first dispersive lens group used is composed of 6 spherical glass lenses, one of which is protective glass 80, the working wavelength range is 420nm-720nm, the dispersion range is 4mm, namely the measurable height range is 4 mm. As shown in fig. 3, since the dispersed lights with different wavelengths have different focuses, only a single wavelength of light is focused on the surface of the object to be measured, and other wavelengths of light are defocused on the surface of the object to be measured, such as: under the action of the first dispersive lens group, light with the wavelength of 420nm is focused on the surface of an object to be measured, and light with the wavelengths of 550nm and 720nm is defocused on the surface of the object to be measured.
In particular, as shown in fig. 1 and 3, since the optical characteristics of the first dispersive lens group 20 depend on the wavelength, a series of continuously distributed focused spots of different wavelengths corresponding to different focal depths, so-called color coding, are formed on the optical axis. The utility model discloses an optical lens of first dispersive lens group 20 both can use spherical lens also can use aspherical lens. The designed first dispersive lens group 30 can meet the requirement that the performance in the full field range is within the diffraction limit, thereby ensuring that the resolution of the measurement system meets the requirement.
When the object to be measured is placed in the color-coded segment, the surface of the object to be measured contains all the spectral information, and since the surface of the object to be measured generates a reflected beam, the reflected beam passes through the second dispersive lens group 40, passes through the optical filter 50 and the focusing lens group 60, and reaches the line detector 70.
Further, the filter 50 plays an important role in the structure, the filter 50 can filter out stray light, and only light at the focusing layer can reach the focusing lens group through the filter 50 to be imaged on the line array detector 70.
Specifically, referring to fig. 4, the light beam irradiated onto the surface of the object to be measured, the reflected light passes through the second dispersive lens assembly 40 and then enters the optical filter 50, specifically, in an embodiment, the optical filter 50 employs a circular hole, which can filter out stray light, and only the light on the focusing layer can reach the focusing lens assembly through the circular hole and then be imaged on the linear detector 70. For example: the light with the wavelength of 420nm is focused on the surface of the measured object (namely, the wavelength of the light on the focusing layer is 420nm), and can pass through the circular hole after passing through the second dispersion lens group, the light with the wavelengths of 550nm and 720nm is defocused on the surface of the measured object, and the reflected light cannot pass through the circular hole after passing through the second dispersion lens group. The light passing through the circular hole is focused on the linear array detector after passing through the focusing lens group.
When the device is specifically implemented, the circular hole is placed in front of the focal plane of the second dispersive lens group to receive light, so that the light reflected by the unfocused wavelength can be filtered, but because a certain distance is reserved between the circular hole and the linear array detector, the circular hole can enable the light of a focusing point to completely pass through when reaching a certain size, and the size of the circular hole is increased, so that the light reflected by the unfocused point on the surface of more measured objects enters the linear array detector, and the linear array detector receives more noise signals. If the circular hole is arranged on the focal plane of the second dispersive lens group, the size of the circular hole can be smaller, more light rays reflected by the non-focusing wavelength can be filtered, and the light rays are secondarily imaged on an image surface through a focusing lens group, so that the received light rays reflected by the non-focusing wavelength are relatively less. Therefore, in the embodiment, the circular hole is arranged on the focal plane of the second dispersive lens group, so that the size of the circular hole is smaller, more reflected light rays with non-focusing wavelengths are filtered, and the system has higher signal-to-noise ratio. The utility model discloses what the sensor used received on the linear array detector is the signal that only contains the wavelength that can characterize the measured object height information, has the characteristics of high resolution, high SNR.
As shown in fig. 4, the reflected light beam output from the filter 50 is incident on a focusing lens group for focusing the light passing through the circular hole onto the line type detector. The focusing lens group consists of 1 or more than 1 lens and is used for carrying out secondary imaging on light reflected by the focusing wavelength on the surface of the object to be measured and focusing and imaging reflected light emitted from the circular hole onto the linear array detector.
When the height of the object to be measured changes, light rays emitted by the point light source can focus light rays with other wavelengths on the surface of the object to be measured after passing through the first dispersion lens group, the light rays with the wavelengths can enter the focusing lens group through the circular hole at different incidence angles after passing through the second dispersion lens group, and the focusing lens group can focus the light rays with the wavelengths on different positions of the linear array detector.
The processor obtains corresponding height information of the measured object from the position information of the highest energy point on the linear array detector; the linear array detector can be a linear array CCD or COMS detector.
The utility model provides a colored triangle displacement sensor can realize the high accuracy, and the measurement object surface height of high SNR can be applied to fields such as nondestructive measurement, precision measurement.
Example 2
The embodiment further discloses a measuring method of the color triangular displacement sensor based on the triangulation method on the basis of the system, as shown in fig. 5, the measuring method includes:
step S1, dispersing the polychromatic light by using the first dispersion lens group, and focusing the dispersed light rays with different wavelengths on the surface of the object to be measured;
step S2, acquiring position information of the reflected light beam image point reflected by the surface of the measured object by using a linear array detector, and transmitting the position information to a processor;
and step S3, the processor obtains the height information of the measured object according to the position information.
Further, the light source used in this embodiment is a multi-color point light source, and if the light emitted by the multi-color point light source is to be shaped, the step of dispersing the multi-color light includes:
the white light LED is used for emitting white light, the white light is incident to the shaping lens group, and the shaping lens group shapes the white light into a point light source and then emits the point light.
Further, before the step of obtaining the position information of the reflected light beam image point reflected by the surface of the measured object by using the linear array detector, the method further comprises the following steps:
receiving a reflected light beam reflected on the surface of a measured object by using a second dispersive lens group, emitting the reflected light beam to a filter, filtering the reflected light beam by using the filter, and filtering the reflected light beam with a specific wavelength range;
focusing the filtered reflected light beam on a linear array detector;
in one embodiment, the filter is a circular aperture, and the circular aperture is disposed on a focal plane of the second dispersive lens group.
Compared with the prior art, the embodiment of the utility model provides a have following advantage:
1. in the embodiment, polychromatic light emitted by the polychromatic point light source replaces laser used in the traditional laser triangular displacement method to serve as incident light, and the height information of the measured object is represented by the position information of the highest energy point in the image plane, so that the sensor disclosed by the embodiment has higher resolution.
2. The first dispersive lens group and the second dispersive lens group with symmetrical structures are used for realizing the dispersion of polychromatic light and the receiving of light reflected by the surface of a measured object, and light splitting elements such as prisms are not needed, so that the loss of light energy in a system can be reduced.
3. The round hole is used for filtering the received reflected light, the light reflected by the unfocused wavelength on the surface of the measured object is filtered, and the interference of the light reflected by the unfocused wavelength on a measuring system is avoided, so that the sensor has higher signal-to-noise ratio.
Other embodiments of the invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. The invention is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of the invention following, in general, the principles of the invention and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the invention pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the invention being indicated by the following claims.
It will be understood that the invention is not limited to the precise arrangements described above and shown in the drawings and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the invention is only limited by the appended claims
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A color triangulation displacement sensor based on triangulation, comprising: the system comprises a multi-color point light source, a first dispersive lens group, a second dispersive lens group, a filter, a focusing lens group, a linear array detector and a processor;
the polychromatic point light source is used for emitting polychromatic light;
the first dispersive lens group is used for carrying out axial dispersion on the polychromatic light and focusing the dispersed light with different wavelengths on the surface of a measured object;
the second dispersive lens group is used for receiving the reflected light beam reflected by the surface of the measured object and projecting the reflected light beam to the optical filter;
the optical filter is positioned on the focal plane of the second dispersive lens group and used for receiving the reflected light beam transmitted by the second dispersive lens group and filtering out the reflected light beam with a specific wavelength range; wherein the specific wavelength range is the wavelength range of light focused on the surface of the object to be measured;
the focusing lens group is used for receiving the reflected light beam filtered by the optical filter and focusing the reflected light beam on the linear array detector;
the linear array detector is used for receiving a reflected light beam, acquiring position information of an image point of the reflected light beam and transmitting the acquired position information to the processor;
and the processor is used for obtaining the height information of the surface of the measured object according to the position information.
2. The triangulation-based color triangulation displacement sensor of claim 1 wherein the polychromatic point light source comprises: the white LED and the shaping lens group are used for shaping the white light emitted by the white LED.
3. The triangulation-based chromatic trigonometric displacement sensor of claim 1, wherein the first dispersive lens group and the second dispersive lens group are structurally symmetrical.
4. The triangulation-based color triangulation displacement sensor of claim 3 wherein the first or second dispersive lens group comprises at least one spherical lens.
5. The triangulation-based chromatic triangulation displacement sensor of any of the claims 1 to 4, characterized by the fact that the filter is a circular hole, which is placed in the focal plane of the second dispersive lens group, for filtering out the light of the non-focused wavelength reflected from the surface of the object to be measured.
6. The triangulation based color triangulation displacement sensor according to any of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the line detector is a line CCD or CMOS.
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| CN110836642A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-02-25 | 海伯森技术（深圳）有限公司 | A color triangular displacement sensor based on triangulation and its measurement method |
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| CN110836642A (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2020-02-25 | 海伯森技术（深圳）有限公司 | A color triangular displacement sensor based on triangulation and its measurement method |
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