CN212256003U - Display device, head-up display and motor vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

A display device, a head-up display, and a motor vehicle. The display device includes a projection device, a reflection structure and a light beam diffusion structure. The light emitted from the projection device passes through the light beam spreading structure and is reflected by the reflecting structure to reach the first predetermined area; the light beam spreading structure is configured to spread the light beam passing through the light beam spreading structure without changing the optical axis of the light beam; the reflecting structure includes a plurality of sub-sections a reflection structure, wherein the plurality of sub-reflection structures are configured to reflect the light emitted by the projection device to a second predetermined region within the first predetermined region when the light beam diffusing structure is removed from the light path from the projection device to the first predetermined region, and the first predetermined region The area of the second predetermined area is smaller than that of the first predetermined area. The display device is provided with a reflection structure and a light beam diffusion structure, so that the light beam emitted by the projection device covers the driver's eyes, which can improve the utilization rate of the light beam to reduce power consumption, increase the field of view of the display device, and realize a large viewing angle under low power consumption. Field angle imaging effect.

Description

Display device, head-up display, and motor vehicle

technical field

At least one embodiment of the present invention relates to a display device, a head-up display, and a motor vehicle.

Background technique

Head up display (HUD) technology can project the image light (including vehicle information such as vehicle speed) from the image source onto the imaging window such as the windshield of the car, so that the driver does not need to look down at the instrument during driving. You can directly see the information on the dial, which can not only improve the driving safety factor, but also bring a better driving experience.

Utility model content

At least one embodiment of the present invention provides a display device, a head-up display, and a motor vehicle.

At least one embodiment of the present invention provides a display device, which includes a projection device, a reflection structure and a light beam diffusion structure. The light emitted from the projection device passes through the beam spreading structure and is reflected by the reflective structure to reach the first predetermined area; the light beam spreading structure is configured to spread the light beam passing through the beam spreading structure without changing the the optical axis of the light beam; the reflection structure includes a plurality of sub-reflection structures, and the plurality of sub-reflection structures are configured to, in the case of removing the light beam diffusing structure from the light path from the projection device to the first predetermined area, The light emitted by the projection device is reflected to reach a second predetermined area within the first predetermined area, where the area of the second predetermined area is smaller than that of the first predetermined area.

For example, in an embodiment of the present invention, the display device further includes: a transflective structure configured to reflect the light exiting through the reflective structure and the light beam diffusing structure to the first predetermined area.

For example, in the embodiment of the present invention, the light beam diffusing structure and the reflecting structure are arranged in layers, and the light emitted from the projection device passes through the light beam diffusing structure and then enters the reflecting structure, and is received by the light beam diffusing structure. The light reflected by the reflection structure reaches the first predetermined area after passing through the light beam diffusing structure again.

For example, in an embodiment of the present invention, the transflective structure is configured to directly reflect the light directly incident on the transflective structure after passing through the reflective structure and the light beam diffusing structure to the first predetermined area.

For example, in the embodiment of the present invention, the projection device, the first predetermined area, the reflection structure and the light beam diffusing structure are located on the first side of the transflective structure, and the transflective structure It is also configured to transmit ambient light on the second side of the transflective structure to the first predetermined area.

For example, in an embodiment of the present invention, the reflection structure further includes a substrate, the plurality of sub-reflection structures are arranged at intervals on a side of the substrate facing the projection device, and each of the sub-reflection structures includes at least one a reflection surface, the reflection surfaces included in the sub-reflection structures are configured to reflect and condense the light emitted by the projection device.

For example, in an embodiment of the present invention, each of the sub-reflection structures includes a plane reflection surface, the reflection structure includes a reference area, and from a direction close to the reference area to a direction away from the reference area, the multiple sub-reflection structures The included angle between the planar reflection surface of each sub-reflection structure and the substrate gradually increases.

For example, in the embodiment of the present invention, the maximum dimension of the planar reflection surface of each of the sub-reflection structures is greater than the distance between two adjacent sub-reflection structures.

For example, in the embodiment of the present invention, the maximum size of each of the planar reflective surfaces ranges from 100 micrometers to 100 millimeters.

For example, in an embodiment of the present invention, the shape of each of the sub-reflection structures includes a polyhedron, and one surface of the polyhedron is the plane reflection surface.

For example, in the embodiment of the present invention, the plane reflection surface of each sub-reflection structure includes a preset point, and the observation point in the first predetermined area is the observation point relative to the mirror image point formed by the transflective structure. A point virtual image, the mirror point formed by the preset point relative to the transflective structure is a preset point virtual image, and the center of the light emitting surface of the projection device is the light emitting point. The normal line of the plane reflection surface is located on the angle bisector of the first connecting line between the preset point and the light exit point and the second connecting line between the preset point and the virtual image of the observation point; or the The connection line between the observation point and the virtual image of the preset point intersects with the transflective structure and has an intersection point, and the normal line of the plane reflection surface is located between the first connection line between the preset point and the light emitting point and the On the angle bisector of the third line connecting the preset point and the intersection point.

For example, in an embodiment of the present invention, each of the sub-reflection structures includes a continuous curved reflection surface, and the reflection surfaces in adjacent sub-reflection structures are not parallel to each other.

For example, in the embodiment of the present invention, the cross-section of each of the sub-reflection structures along the arrangement direction of the plurality of sub-reflection structures includes a polygon, and in the cross-section of each of the sub-reflection structures, the reflective surface The edge is straight.

For example, in the embodiment of the present invention, each of the sub-reflection structures is an annular structure, the plurality of sub-reflection structures are arranged in a multi-circle annular structure, and each annular structure faces the surface of the center of the reflection structure is the curved reflective surface.

For example, in the embodiment of the present invention, from the direction from the inner ring of the multi-ring annular structure to the outer ring, the included angles between the plurality of curved reflection surfaces of the plurality of sub-reflection structures and the substrate gradually increase.

For example, in the embodiment of the present invention, along the direction perpendicular to the substrate, the maximum size of each of the sub-reflection structures is equal; or, the ring width of the orthographic projection of the plurality of sub-reflection structures on the substrate are equal.

For example, in an embodiment of the present invention, the light beam diffusing structure includes at least one of a diffractive optical element and a scattering optical element.

For example, in an embodiment of the present invention, the projection device includes a projection light source, an image generation part and a lens part, the image generation part is configured to convert the light emitted by the projection light source into image light, the image The light is emitted from the projection device after passing through the lens part; the image generating part includes a plurality of pixels, and the maximum size of the reflection surface of each of the sub-reflection structures is not greater than the maximum size of each of the pixels.

For example, in an embodiment of the present invention, each of the sub-reflection structures includes at least two reflection surfaces, the projection device includes two sub-projection devices, and each of the sub-reflection structures is configured to connect the two sub-projection devices The outgoing light is reflected to a third predetermined area, and the third predetermined area includes two of the first predetermined areas.

Another embodiment of the present invention provides a head-up display, including the display device in any of the above embodiments.

Another embodiment of the present invention provides a motor vehicle including the above head-up display.

Description of drawings

In order to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the accompanying drawings of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only relate to some embodiments of the present invention, but not to the present invention. New type of restriction.

1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device provided according to an example of an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a light path diagram of the display device shown in FIG. 1 after removing the light beam diffusing structure;

FIG. 3 is a schematic partial plane structure diagram of a reflective structure in the display device shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2;

4 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure taken along line AA in the reflection structure shown in FIG. 3;

5 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present invention;

6 is a light path diagram for determining the normal direction of each sub-reflection structure;

Fig. 7 is another light path diagram for determining the normal direction of each sub-reflection structure;

FIG. 8 is a schematic partial plane structure diagram of another reflective structure in the display device shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2;

9 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure taken along line BB in the reflection structure shown in FIG. 8;

FIG. 10 is a schematic partial plane structure diagram of another reflective structure in the display device shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a partial cross-sectional structure taken along the CC line in the reflection structure shown in FIG. 10;

12 is a light path diagram for determining the normal direction of each sub-reflection structure;

Fig. 13 is the arc-shaped intersection of the curved reflective surface and the substrate shown in Fig. 12;

FIG. 14 is a schematic partial plane structure diagram of another reflective structure in the display device shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2;

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a diffusing light path of the light beam diffusing structure in the display device shown in FIG. 1;

16 is a schematic diagram of a partial internal structure of a projection device provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 17 is a schematic partial plane structure diagram of pixels included in the image generation unit shown in FIG. 16; and

FIG. 18 is a schematic partial structural diagram of a display device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed ways

In order to make the purposes, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the described embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Unless otherwise defined, technical or scientific terms used in the present invention shall have the ordinary meanings understood by those with ordinary skill in the art to which the present invention belongs. "First", "second" and similar words used in the present invention do not denote any order, quantity or importance, but are only used to distinguish different components. "Comprises" or "comprising" and similar words mean that the elements or things appearing before the word encompass the elements or things recited after the word and their equivalents, but do not exclude other elements or things.

During the research, the inventors of the present application found that the field of view (Field of View) of the head-up display that realizes reflective imaging based on free-form surface mirrors is very small, generally within 10°, resulting in a small size of the image displayed by the head-up display. . The above-mentioned head-up display generally can only display vehicle speed or direction information, and cannot display more abundant information, such as navigation maps, complex safety information, etc. Therefore, it is difficult to meet the needs of drivers to control various types of information while the vehicle is driving.

Generally, it is necessary to increase the area of the display area in the image source and increase the power consumption of the image source to achieve high-definition high-brightness imaging of a large-size head-up display. If the optical design method is used to expand the field of view and display area of the head-up display based on free-form surface mirrors to achieve reflective imaging, it is prone to insufficient brightness, image instability, and picture distortion. high power consumption.

Embodiments of the present invention provide a display device, a head-up display, and a motor vehicle. The display device includes a projection device, a reflection structure and a light beam diffusion structure. The light emitted from the projection device passes through the light beam spreading structure and is reflected by the reflecting structure to reach the first predetermined area; the light beam spreading structure is configured to spread the light beam passing through the light beam spreading structure without changing the optical axis of the light beam; the reflecting structure includes a plurality of sub-sections a reflection structure, wherein the plurality of sub-reflection structures are configured to reflect the light emitted by the projection device to a second predetermined region within the first predetermined region when the light beam diffusing structure is removed from the light path from the projection device to the first predetermined region, and the first predetermined region The area of the second predetermined area is smaller than that of the first predetermined area. The display device provided by the embodiment of the present invention is provided with a reflection structure and a light beam diffusion structure, so that the light beam emitted by the projection device covers the driver's eyes located in the first predetermined area (ie, the plane observation area), which can improve the utilization rate of the light beam to reduce the power consumption, and can also increase the viewing angle of the display device, thereby achieving a large viewing angle imaging effect under low power consumption. That is to say, the display device of the embodiment of the present invention can collect the light emitted by the projection device into the first predetermined area as much as possible, so as to improve the utilization rate of the light beam while expanding the viewing angle of the display device.

The display device, the head-up display, and the motor vehicle provided by the embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device according to an example of an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1 , the display device includes a projection device 100 , a reflection structure 200 and a light beam diffusing structure 300 . The reflective structure 200 is configured to reflect the light exiting from the projection device 100, and the light beam spreading structure 300 is configured to spread the light beam passing through the light beam spreading structure 300 without changing the optical axis of the light beam. The light emitted from the projection device 100 reaches the first predetermined area 410 after passing through the light beam diffusing structure 300 and being reflected by the reflecting structure 200 . The above-mentioned "optical axis" refers to the center line of the light beam. The above-mentioned "the light emitted from the projection device 100 passes through the beam diffusing structure 300 and is reflected by the reflecting structure 200 reaches the first predetermined area 410" may mean that the light passing through the beam diffusing structure 300 and the reflecting structure 200 can directly reach the first predetermined area 410 (as shown in FIG. 1 ), the first predetermined area 410 (as shown in FIG. 5 ) can also be reached after the action of other optical elements.

The above-mentioned "first predetermined area" refers to a plane observation area. The light emitted from the projection device passes through the beam diffusing structure and is reflected by the reflective structure to reach the plane where the first predetermined area is located, where most of the light is collected in the first predetermined area (for example, the first predetermined area is incident on the plane where the first predetermined area is located). More than 90% of the light intensity of the light beam in the plane of the plane is concentrated in the first predetermined area, and more than 80% of the light intensity of the light beam incident on the plane where the first predetermined area is located is concentrated in the first predetermined area, or More than 60% of the light beams incident on the plane where the first predetermined area is located are concentrated in the first predetermined area), and the light incident on the first predetermined area is distributed throughout the first predetermined area.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the beam diffusing structure 300 and the reflecting structure 200 are stacked and disposed. The light emitted from the projection device 100 passes through the beam diffusing structure 300 and then enters the reflecting structure 200 , and the light reflected by the reflecting structure 200 passes through the beam diffusing again. The structure 300 then reaches the first predetermined area 410 . That is, the light emitted from the projection device 100 passes through the beam diffusing structure 300 twice before reaching the first predetermined area 410, and is diffused during the two passes through the beam diffusing structure 300. The combined effect of the two diffusions determines the first The extent of a predetermined area 410 . After the light emitted from the projection device passes through the beam diffusing structure, the emitted light can be diffused in a wide range, so that the viewing angle of the display device can be increased without increasing the power consumption as much as possible.

For convenience of illustration, FIG. 1 only shows that the reflection structure 200 reflects part of the light to the light beam diffusing structure 300 . For example, other diffused light incident on the reflection structure 200 should also be reflected by the reflection structure 200 to the beam diffusion structure 300 , and reach the first predetermined area 410 after secondary diffusion by the beam diffusion structure 300 . For example, when the distance between the beam diffusing structure 300 and the reflecting structure 200 is small, the first diffusing effect of the beam diffusing structure 300 is small, and the range of the first predetermined region 410 may be mainly affected by the second diffusing effect of the beam diffusing structure 300 Decide.

FIG. 2 is an optical path diagram of the display device shown in FIG. 1 after removing the light beam diffusion structure, FIG. 3 is a partial plan structure diagram of a reflective structure in the display device shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 , and FIG. 4 is shown in FIG. 3 A schematic diagram of the partial cross-sectional structure taken along the AA line in the reflection structure of . As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4 , the reflection structure 200 includes a plurality of sub-reflection structures 210 , and the plurality of sub-reflection structures 210 are configured to remove the light beam diffusing structure 300 from the light path from the projection device 100 to the first predetermined area 410 , The light emitted by the projection device 100 is reflected to reach the second predetermined area 420 within the first predetermined area 410 , and the area of the second predetermined area 420 is smaller than that of the first predetermined area 410 . That is, when the light emitted from the projection device 100 is directly reflected by the reflection structure 200 without passing through the beam diffusing structure 300, and the light reflected by the reflecting structure 200 does not pass through the beam diffusing structure 300 to reach the first predetermined area 410, Light incident to the first predetermined area is substantially concentrated in the second predetermined area 420 located in the first predetermined area 410 . The light emitted from the projection device does not pass through the light beam diffusing structure, but is directly reflected by the reflective structure to reach the plane where the second predetermined area is located. Most of the light except stray light is collected in the second predetermined area in the plane, and the light is collected. The light in the second predetermined area spreads over the second predetermined area. The optical axes of the light beams reflected by the reflective structure are all concentrated in the above-mentioned second predetermined area, and light at other angles (eg, stray light) may not be concentrated in the second predetermined area.

For example, the second predetermined area 420 may be a small area. For example, the second predetermined area 420 may be a point. For example, the ratio of the area of the first predetermined area 410 to the area of the second predetermined area 420 may be greater than four. For example, the ratio of the area of the first predetermined region 410 to the area of the second predetermined region 420 may be 5˜100. For example, the ratio of the area of the first predetermined area 410 to the area of the second predetermined area 420 may be 20˜200. The larger the ratio of the area of the first predetermined area 410 to the area of the second predetermined area 420 is, the better the power consumption can be reduced while ensuring the brightness of the picture. Therefore, when only the projection device and the reflection structure are provided in the display device, the light emitted by the projection device can be accurately reflected to the second predetermined area. By arranging a beam diffusing structure in the light path of the light emitted by the projection device reaching the second predetermined area, the above-mentioned second predetermined area can be expanded into the first predetermined area. The above-mentioned first predetermined area is also an area obtained by accurately and controllably diffusing the second predetermined area, so that the beam can be prevented from being projected to a position that does not need to be projected, and the angle of view can be increased while saving power consumption.

For example, the display device provided by the embodiment of the present invention may be a head-up display. By setting a reflective structure and a light beam diffusing structure, the light beam emitted by the projection device covers the driver's eyes located in the first predetermined area, which can improve the utilization rate of the light beam to The power consumption is reduced, and the field of view of the head-up display can also be increased, thereby achieving a large viewing angle imaging effect under low power consumption. That is to say, the head-up display of the embodiment of the present invention can collect the light emitted by the projection device into the first predetermined area as much as possible, and improve the utilization rate of the light beam while expanding the field of view of the head-up display.

For example, FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 only schematically show that the light passing through the beam diffusing structure 300 and the reflecting structure 200 can directly reach the first predetermined area 410, but not limited to this, the light passing through the beam diffusing structure 300 and the reflecting structure 200 also The first predetermined area 410 may be reached after the action of other optical elements. For example, FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a display device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5 , the display device further includes a transflective structure 500 , and the transflective structure 500 is configured to reflect the light exiting through the reflective structure 200 and the light beam diffusing structure 300 to the first predetermined area 410 . That is, the light emitted from the reflective structure 200 and the light beam diffusing structure 300 is further provided with the transflective structure 500 in the light path reaching the first predetermined region 410 . For example, the above-mentioned transflective structure 500 is a transflective structure, which can reflect the light emitted by the reflective structure 200 and the light beam diffusing structure 300, but basically does not have the effect of condensing or diffusing the light beam.

For example, as shown in FIG. 5 , the transflective structure 500 is configured to directly reflect the light directly incident on the transflective structure 500 after passing through the reflective structure 200 and the light beam diffusing structure 300 to the first predetermined area 410 . That is, the light emitted from the reflective structure 200 and the light beam diffusing structure 300 is directly incident on the first predetermined region 410 only after being reflected by the transflective structure 500 . It should be noted that, in order to facilitate the display of the optical path, FIG. 5 schematically shows the light passing through the reflection structure and the beam diffusion structure only on the surface of the beam diffusion structure facing the projection device, and the beam from the beam diffusion structure to the reflection structure is expanded. And the light beam reflected by the reflection structure to the beam diffusion structure is not shown. FIG. 5 schematically considers the reflection structure and the beam diffusion structure as a whole to reflect the light of the projection device, and the light emitted by the projection device is incident on the incident point of the beam diffusion structure and There is a certain distance between the exit points of the light emitted from the light beam diffusing structure to the transflective structure, and the distance can be designed to be small.

Of course, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this, and other optical elements favorable for imaging may also be added between the light beam diffusing structure 300 and the transflective structure 500 or between the transflective structure 500 and the first predetermined area 410 .

For example, the eyes of an observer (eg, a driver or a passenger) may be located in the first predetermined area 410 to see the virtual image 411 located on the side of the transflective structure 500 away from the first predetermined area 410 . For example, the area where the observer needs to view the image can be preset according to actual requirements, namely the eyebox area (eyebox) 430, the eyebox area 430 refers to the plane area where the observer's eyes are and the image displayed by the display device can be seen. For example, the above-mentioned first predetermined area 410 may include the eye box area 430 . For example, when the observer's eyes deviate from the center of the eye box area 430 by a certain distance, such as moving up and down, left and right for a certain distance, as long as the observer's eyes are still in the eye box area 430, the observer can still see the image displayed by the display device .

For example, as shown in FIG. 5 , the first predetermined area 410 may be located on the side of the projection device 100 close to the reflection structure 200 , that is, the projection device 100 and the reflection structure 200 are approximately located on both sides of the first predetermined area 410 . For example, the projection device 100 , the first predetermined area 410 , the reflective structure 200 and the light beam diffusing structure 300 are located on the first side of the transflective structure 500 , and the transflective structure 500 is further configured to transmit ambient light on the second side of the transflective structure 500 transmitted to the first predetermined area 410 . Therefore, the first predetermined area 410 can simultaneously see the external environment (such as the external environment when driving) and the images displayed by the display device (such as navigation maps, complex safety information and other images), which can ensure that the observer (such as the driver) ) while being safe, so that the observer has a better experience.

For example, the transflective structure 500 may be a windshield or an imaging window, corresponding to a windshield head-up display (W-HUD) and a combined head-up display (C-HUD), respectively. For example, the transflective structure 500 may also be provided with a reflective film, and the reflective film can reflect the projection light efficiently and transmit the external ambient light efficiently.

For example, as shown in FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 and FIG. 5 , in the case where the light beam diffusing structure 300 is removed from the light path from the projection device 100 to the first predetermined area 410 , the plurality of sub-reflection structures will reflect the light of the projection device 100 to The transflective structure 500 , and the transflective structure 500 then reflects the light to an observation point with a smaller area in the first predetermined area 410 (ie, the second predetermined area). After the light beam diffusing structure 300 is arranged in the light path of the light emitted from the projection device 100 to the observation point, the light beam emitted from the light beam diffusing structure 300 to the transflective structure 500 will be diffused into a light beam having a certain divergence angle. Thus, the light reflected by the transflective structure 500 is diffused from the observation point to the entire first predetermined area 410, so that the observer can observe the image. It should be noted that different positions in the eye box area are used as observation points, such as the center of the eye box or the edge of the eye box as the observation point, and the positions of the virtual images viewed are also different, but the difference is small and can be ignored. When the image is observed in the box area, the position of the virtual image is basically fixed, and the position where the light beam is reflected on the transflective structure is also basically fixed.

Compared with a display device that realizes reflection imaging based on a free-form surface reflector, the head-up display provided by the embodiment of the present invention adopts a combination of a projection device, a reflection structure and a light beam diffusion structure, so that the light beam emitted by the projection device can cover the driver's body after reflection. The eye position makes efficient use of the light beam; and the horizontal field of view angle of the driver's eye position to view the image is 20°~50°, and the vertical field angle α is within the range of 5°~20°, which can solve the problem of head-up display. Due to the limited size of the field of view, imaging with a large field of view under low power consumption is achieved. The above-mentioned "horizontal" and "vertical" are two mutually perpendicular directions. Taking the vehicle body coordinate system as an example, the above-mentioned "horizontal" may refer to the width direction of the vehicle in the vehicle body coordinate system, and the above "vertical" may refer to the vehicle body coordinate system. The height direction of the middle car.

For example, as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4 , the reflective structure 200 further includes a substrate 220 , a plurality of sub-reflection structures 210 are arranged at intervals on the side of the substrate 220 facing the projection device 100 , and each sub-reflection structure 210 includes at least one sub-reflection structure facing the projection device 100 . One reflective surface 211 and the plurality of reflective surfaces 211 included in the plurality of sub-reflection structures 210 are configured to reflect and condense the light emitted by the projection device 100 . The above-mentioned "the plurality of reflecting surfaces 211 are configured to reflect and condense the light emitted by the projection device 100" means that there are no other optical elements between the projection device and the reflecting surfaces, and the multiple reflecting surfaces can condense the light directly projected from the projection device to the reflecting surfaces, Alternatively, a light beam diffusing structure is arranged between the reflecting surface and the projection device, and the plurality of reflecting surfaces can condense the light emitted by the projection device and passing through the light beam diffusing structure.

For example, the substrate 220 can be a plane substrate, and the plurality of sub-reflection structures 210 disposed on the plane substrate can ensure the light emitted by the projection device 100 by designing the angle between the reflection surface 211 of each sub-reflection structure 210 and the substrate 220 . The first predetermined area 410 can be reached after being reflected by the reflective structure.

For example, the substrate 220 and the plurality of sub-reflection structures 210 may be an integral structure, and each sub-reflection structure 210 may be formed by processing the surface of the substrate 220 .

For example, as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4 , the reflection structure 200 includes a reference point O, each sub-reflection structure 210 includes a planar reflection surface 211, and from the reference point O of the reflection structure 200 to the direction away from the reference point O, a plurality of sub-reflection structures 210 The angle between the plane reflection surface 211 of the reflection structure 210 and the substrate 220 is gradually increased, so that the plurality of sub-reflection structures 210 can reflect the light emitted from the projection device 100 to the first predetermined area 410 . The above-mentioned "reference point O" can be located at any position on the reflective structure. For example, when the reference point deviates from the geometric center of the reflective structure, the multiple reflecting surfaces set with the reference point as the reference realize eccentric convergence; for example, the reference point also Can be located at the geometric center of the reflective structure.

For example, a small area surrounding the fiducial point may form the fiducial area, or the area of the fiducial area may be so small that the fiducial area may be approximated as a point, the fiducial point. For example, the angle between the plane reflective surface of the sub-reflection structure located in the reference area and the substrate may be equal, while the angle between the reflective surface of the sub-reflection structure located outside the reference area and the substrate may be close to the reference area and away from the reference area. The direction of the reference area gradually increases.

For example, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , the shape of each sub-reflection structure 210 includes a polyhedron, and one surface of the polyhedron is a plane reflection surface 211 . For example, the polyhedron may be a triangular prism.

For example, the reflection surfaces 211 of each sub-reflection structure 210 face the reference point of the reflection structure 200 .

For example, FIG. 6 is a light path diagram for determining the normal direction of each sub-reflection structure. As shown in FIG. 6 , it is taken as an example that the head-up display provided by the embodiment of the present invention is applied to a motor vehicle. In the vehicle body space coordinate system, the starting position of the light beam emitted by the projection device 100 is point P (eg, a point on the light emitting surface of the projection device), and the position of the P point in the vehicle body space coordinate system is known. The first predetermined area 410 includes point B at the center of the eyebox area (eg, the midpoint of the eyebox area, eg, the midpoint of the first predetermined area), and the position of point B in the vehicle body space coordinate system is also known. Taking point B as the observation point, according to the law of reflection, it can be considered that after the light beam emitted by the projection device 100 is reflected on the reflective structure 200, the reflected light beam reaches the virtual image position (point B1) of the observation point B in the first predetermined area, at this time point B1 It can be considered that the observation point in the first predetermined area 410 is a virtual image of the observation point of the mirror point relative to the transflective structure, and the area where the point B1 is located is the virtual image area 412 of the first predetermined area. The position of point B relative to the virtual image position B1 of the transflective structure 500 is also fixed and known. For example, the reflective structure 200 may be disposed on the surface of the instrument panel (IP) of the vehicle body, so the position of the reflective structure 200 is also known, and the position of the preset point A (eg, the midpoint) on the reflective structure 200 is also known .

For example, after the four known positions of point P, point A, point B, and point B1 are determined, the position of the intersection C of the line connecting point B1 to point A and the transflective structure 500 can be confirmed. The vector AC is determined according to the spatial coordinates of points A and C, and the vector AP is determined according to the spatial coordinates of points A and P. The normal vector of the plane reflection surface of each sub-reflection structure can be determined according to the vector AC and the vector AP. That is, the reflection surface of each sub-reflection structure is jointly determined by the position of the first predetermined area (point B), the position of the projection device (point P), and the position of the sub-reflection structure itself (point A). For example, for each sub-reflection structure, a known point (point A ₀ ) on each sub-reflection structure can be determined, and then the position of the first predetermined area (point B) and the position of the projection device (point P) can be combined ) to determine the normal vector of each sub-reflection structure to determine the reflection surface of each sub-reflection structure, thereby determining the distribution of the multiple sub-reflection structures.

For example, as shown in FIG. 3 , FIG. 4 , and FIG. 6 , the maximum size of the reflection surface 211 of each sub-reflection structure 210 ranges from 100 μm to 100 mm. For example, the maximum size of the orthographic projection of each sub-reflection structure 210 on the substrate 220 ranges from 100 μm to 100 mm. For example, the maximum size of the reflection surface 211 of each sub-reflection structure 210 ranges from 100 microns to 500 microns. For example, the maximum size of the reflection surface 211 of each sub-reflection structure 210 ranges from 100 microns to 300 microns. If the size of each sub-reflection structure is too small, the beam will be diffracted on the sub-reflection structure, which will affect the reflection effect. In the case where the beam incident on the sub-reflection structure does not diffract, the smaller the size of the reflecting surface of the sub-reflection structure is. , the better the reflection effect.

上述P_⊥x，P_⊥y以及P_⊥z为法向量

在x轴、y轴以及z轴上的分量。根据反射定律，入射光束PA₀与子反射结构的反射面的法线N之间的入射角等于反射光束A₀C与法线N之间的出射角相等，则反射面的法向量位于向量

和

的角平分线上，由此，法向量

满足如下关系式(1)：For example, take point A ₀ incident on a sub-reflection structure in the reflection structure 200 from the projection device 100 shown in FIG. 6 as an example, the coordinates of A ₀ are (x ₀ , y ₀ , z ₀ ), the reflection of the sub-reflection structure The normal N of the surface is the vertical vector perpendicular to the reflecting surface. In the space coordinate system, this vertical vector satisfies:

The above P _⊥x , P _⊥y and P _⊥z are normal vectors

Components on the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis. According to the law of reflection, the incident angle between the incident light beam PA ₀ and the normal line N of the reflective surface of the sub-reflection structure is equal to the exit angle between the reflected light beam A ₀ C and the normal line N, then the normal vector of the reflective surface lies in the vector

and

on the angle bisector of , thus, the normal vector

It satisfies the following relation (1):

垂直于向量

则

和

满足

即

和

满足如下关系式(2)：For any M point (x, y, z) on the reflective surface, the vector

perpendicular to the vector

but

and

Satisfy

which is

and

It satisfies the following relation (2):

P _{⊥, x} *(xx ₀ )+P _{⊥, y} *(yy ₀ )+P _{⊥, z} *(zz ₀ )=0.

For each sub-reflection structure, a known point A ₀ on each sub-reflection structure can be determined. By combining the known point A ₀ with the position P of the projection device 100 and the position B1 of the virtual image 412 in the first predetermined area, the known point A 0 can be determined The normal vector of each sub-reflection structure, thereby determining the reflection surface of each sub-reflection structure. For example, the above-mentioned known point A ₀ may be any point on the sub-reflection structure, for example, a point on the intersection of the sub-reflection structure and the substrate, or the center point of the sub-reflection structure.

For example, the substrate 220 may be divided into m*n regions, and each region is provided with a sub-reflection structure. For example, in order to conveniently determine the value range of the M point on the reflection surface of the sub-reflection structure, the M point can be projected into an area on the substrate, and the boundary of the area on the substrate is used as the value range of the M point. For example, the spatial coordinates of a point on each small area, such as the center point, can be determined, and this point is taken as the known point A ₀ . The area of each small region can be equal or unequal. The coordinates x, y, z of any M point (x, y, z) in the above relational formula (2) have a certain value range, and the value range can satisfy the following relational formula (3):

The above Δx ₁ , Δx ₂ , Δy ₁ , Δy ₂ , Δz ₁ , Δz ₂ are pre-determined based on the size of the sub-reflection structure (for example, the size of the reflection surface, or the size of the area on the substrate where the sub-reflection structure is located). The set values, different sub-reflection structures can adopt the same Δx ₁ , Δx ₂ , Δy ₁ , Δy ₂ , Δz ₁ , Δz ₂ , or different values can be selected based on the actual situation. For example, assuming that Δx ₁ =Δx ₂ =0.5, after determining the position of A ₀ (x ₀ , y ₀ , z ₀ ), if x ₀ =3, then the x component of point M on the reflective surface of the sub-reflection structure The value range of is [2.5, 3.5]. If A ₀ is not the midpoint, assuming that Δx ₁ =0.4, Δx ₂ =0.6, and x ₀ =3, the value range of the x component of point M on the reflection surface of the sub-reflection structure is [2.4, 3.6]. The smaller the size of the reflective substructure is, the smaller the corresponding values of Δx ₁ , Δx ₂ , Δy ₁ , Δy ₂ , Δz ₁ , and Δz ₂ are.

For example, FIG. 7 is another light path diagram for determining the normal direction of each sub-reflection structure. As shown in FIG. 7 , it is taken as an example that the head-up display provided by the embodiment of the present invention is applied to a motor vehicle. In the vehicle body space coordinate system, the starting position of the light beam emitted by the projection device 100 is point P (eg, a point on the light emitting surface of the projection device), and the position of the P point in the vehicle body space coordinate system is known. The first predetermined area 410 includes a center position B of the eyebox area (eg, the midpoint of the eyebox area, eg, the midpoint of the first predetermined area), and the position of point B in the vehicle body space coordinate system is also known. Taking point B as the observation point in the first predetermined area, the position of the reflective structure 200 relative to the virtual image 2000 of the transflective structure 500 is fixed. For example, the reflective structure 200 can be disposed on the surface of the instrument panel (IP) of the vehicle body, so the position of the reflective structure 200 is also known, and the position of a point A (for example, the midpoint) on the reflective structure 200 is also known, and the reflective structure is also known. The position of the preset point A on 200 relative to the mirror point (ie, the virtual image A1 of the preset point) formed by the transflective structure is also known.

For example, after the four known positions of point P, point A, point A1 and point B are determined, the position of the intersection C of the line connecting point B to point A1 and the transflective structure 500 can be determined. The vector AC can be determined according to the spatial coordinates of points A and C, and then the vector AP can be determined according to the spatial coordinates of points A and P. The normal vector of the plane reflection surface of each sub-reflection structure can be determined according to the vector AC and the vector AP. That is, the reflection surface of each sub-reflection structure is jointly determined by the position of the first predetermined area (point B), the position of the projection device (point P), and the position of the sub-reflection structure itself (point A). The subsequent method for determining the normal vector of each sub-reflection structure is the same as the example shown in FIG. 6 , and details are not repeated here.

For example, as shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , the maximum size of the reflection surface 211 of each sub-reflection structure 210 is larger than the distance between two adjacent sub-reflection structures 210 . For example, a plurality of sub-reflection structures 210 can be closely arranged to achieve better reflection effect. FIG. 3 only schematically shows the arrangement of the plurality of sub-reflection structures 210 . In fact, the spacing between adjacent sub-reflection structures is very small, for example, 1/100 to 1/1000 of the maximum size of the reflective surface.

For example, the shapes of the reflection surfaces of the sub-reflection structures 210 may be the same or different. For example, the plurality of sub-reflection structures 210 are uniformly distributed, so that the arrangement design of the sub-reflection structures can be facilitated.

FIG. 8 is a schematic partial plan structure diagram of another reflective structure in the display device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , and FIG. 9 is a partial cross-sectional structure schematic diagram taken along line BB in the reflective structure shown in FIG. 8 . As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 and FIGS. 8 and 9 , each sub-reflection structure 210 includes a continuous curved reflecting surface 211 , and the reflecting surfaces 211 in adjacent sub-reflection structures 210 are not parallel to each other. For example, the cross-section of each sub-reflection structure 210 along the arrangement direction P of the plurality of sub-reflection structures 210 includes a polygon, and in the polygon, the side where the reflection surface 211 of the sub-reflection structure 210 is located is a straight side.

For example, as shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 , the cross-sectional shape of the reflection surface 211 of each sub-reflection structure 210 cut by a plane perpendicular to the substrate 220 is a straight line segment, and the included angle between the straight line segment and the substrate 220 is θ, That is, the included angle between the normal line of the reflection surface 211 and the normal line of the substrate 220 is θ.

For example, the substrate 220 is a planar substrate, and the substrate 220 is, for example, parallel to the surface of the instrument panel (IP) of the vehicle body. For example, the substrate 220 and the sub-reflection structure 210 may be an integral structure. 8 and 9 schematically show two adjacent sub-reflection structures, the angle between the reflection surface 211 of one sub-reflection structure 210 and the substrate 220 is θ ₁ , and the reflection surface 211 of the other sub-reflection structure 210 and the substrate The included angle of 220 is θ ₂ , and θ ₁ is not equal to θ ₂ . FIG. 8 schematically shows that the arrangement direction P of the sub-reflection structures coincides with the BB section line. Of course, the arrangement direction of the sub-reflection structures shown in the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to the P direction shown in FIG. shown in the Y direction, etc.

For example, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 , each sub-reflection structure 210 is an annular structure, a plurality of sub-reflection structures 210 are arranged in a multi-circle annular structure, and the surface of each annular structure facing the center of the reflecting structure 200 is a curved reflecting surface 211 , the plurality of curved reflection surfaces are used for condensing and reflecting the light emitted from the projection device to the first predetermined area. The above-mentioned annular structures may include circular annular structures, square annular structures, elliptical annular structures and other non-standard annular annular structures.

For example, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 , the orthographic projection of each sub-reflection structure 210 on the substrate 220 includes a ring shape, and the ring shape may be a closed ring shape or a non-closed ring shape. For example, the arrangement direction of the plurality of sub-reflection structures 210 may be a direction from the center of the inner ring to the edge, such as the P direction. The plurality of sub-reflection structures 210 may include N sub-reflection structures 210, and the M-th sub-reflection structure 210 surrounds the M-1 th sub-reflection structure 210, and 1<M≤N. The above-mentioned "the M th sub-reflection structure 210 surrounds the M-1 th sub-reflection structure 210" may mean that the M-th sub-reflection structure 210 completely surrounds the M-1 th sub-reflection structure 210, or it may refer to that the M-th sub-reflection structure 210 surrounds part of the M-th sub-reflection structure 210 - 1 sub-reflection structure 210.

For example, the substrate 220 can be a plane substrate, and the plurality of sub-reflection structures 210 disposed on the plane substrate can ensure the light emitted by the projection device 100 by designing the angle between the reflection surface 211 of each sub-reflection structure 210 and the substrate 220 . reflected to the first predetermined area 410 . For example, as shown in FIG. 8 , the plurality of sub-reflection structures 210 in the embodiment of the present invention may be arranged in a multi-circle annular structure, from the inner ring of the multi-circle annular structure to the direction of the outer ring, the sub-reflection structures 210 and the substrate 220 The included angle θ between them gradually increases, so that the light emitted by the projection device can be reflected to the first predetermined area. As shown in FIG. 8 , the reflection structure includes a reference point O, and the angle θ between the sub-reflection structure 210 and the substrate 220 increases gradually from the direction close to the reference point to the direction away from the reference point. The small area where the reference point is located may be the reference area, and the reference area may be the area where the center of the inner ring is located, and the direction of the inner ring toward the outer ring is also the direction close to the reference area and away from the reference area.

For example, as shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 , the included angles between the positions of the continuous curved reflection surfaces 211 of each sub-reflection structure 210 and the substrate 220 are equal to realize the symmetry of the reflection structure.

For example, as shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 , the ring widths of the orthographic projection rings of the sub-reflection structures 210 on the substrate 220 are equal to facilitate design and have better reflection effects.

For example, as shown in FIG. 8 , the orthographic projection of each sub-reflection structure 210 on the substrate 220 includes a semi-circular ring, and the orthographic projections of the plurality of sub-reflection structures 210 on the substrate 220 are arranged in a multi-circle semi-circle. The shape of each sub-reflection structure is set as a semi-circular ring structure, and the shape of a plurality of sub-reflection structures is set as a multi-circle semi-circle structure, which can simplify the processing process.

For example, as shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 , along the direction perpendicular to the substrate 220 (Z direction), the maximum size of each sub-reflection structure 210 is equal, that is, the thickness of each sub-reflection structure 210 is equal to facilitate fabrication. When the thicknesses of the sub-reflection structures 210 are equal, the angle between the reflection surfaces 211 of the sub-reflection structures 210 and the substrate 220 gradually increases due to the direction from the inner ring of the multi-ring ring structure to the outer ring. The inner ring points to the direction of the outer ring, and the ring width of the sub-reflection structure 210 gradually decreases.

For example, a plurality of sub-reflection structures may be arranged at equal intervals.

For example, as shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 , each sub-reflection structure 210 intersects with the substrate 220 and the intersecting line is an arc L. FIGS. 8 and 9 schematically show two adjacent sub-reflection structures 210 Two arc lines L1 and L2 where the reflection surface 211 and the substrate 220 intersect.

FIG. 10 is a schematic partial plan structure diagram of another reflective structure in the display device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , and FIG. 11 is a partial cross-sectional structural schematic diagram taken along CC line in the reflective structure shown in FIG. 10 . The difference between the reflective structures shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 and the reflective structures shown in FIGS. 8 and 9 is that in the reflective structure 200 shown in FIGS. 10 and 11 , the center points to the edge along the center of the multi-ring ring structure. The maximum size of each sub-reflection structure 210 is the same. For example, the ring widths of the orthographic projections of the plurality of sub-reflection structures 210 on the substrate 220 are all equal. When the angle θ between the sub-reflection structures 210 and the substrate 220 gradually increases in the direction from the inner ring of the multi-ring ring structure to the outer ring, since the ring widths of the sub-reflection structures 210 are equal, the The inner ring of the multi-ring ring structure points in the direction of the outer ring, and the height of the sub-reflection structure 210 increases gradually.

For example, FIG. 12 is an optical path diagram for determining the normal direction of each sub-reflection structure, and FIG. 13 is an arc intersection of the curved reflection surface shown in FIG. 12 and the substrate. Referring to the method for determining the normal direction of the sub-reflection structure shown in FIG. 6 , the point P shown in FIG. 12 is the point in the projection device, and the point B1 in FIG. 12 is the virtual image of the observation point in the first predetermined area. The position, point P and point B1 are all known points, and point A0 in Figure 12 is the known point on the sub-reflection structure. As shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 , since the equation of the curved surface is often very complicated, in order to conveniently obtain the curved surface reflective surface 211 of each sub-reflection structure 210 , the angle θ between the reflective surface 211 of the sub-reflection structure 210 and the substrate 220 can be obtained. It is determined by the intersection line L between the reflection surface 211 and the substrate 220 . After determining the included angle and intersection between the curved reflective surface of the sub-reflection structure and the substrate, when the sub-reflection structure is specifically processed to form the sub-reflection structure, the machining tool head can fix the above-mentioned included angle and process along the trajectory of the above-mentioned intersection, then the The required sub-reflection structures are formed on the substrate, and the processing technology is simple.

上述P_⊥x，P_⊥y以及P_⊥z为法向量

在x轴、y轴以及z轴上的分量。根据反射定律，入射光束PA₀与反射面上的A₀点处的法线之间的入射角等于反射光束A₀B1与法线之间的出射角相等，则子反射结构的反射面上的A₀点处的法向量

位于向量

和

的角平分线上，由此，法向量

满足如下关系式(4)：For example, it is assumed that the coordinates of a known point A ₀ on the intersection line L of the reflection surface of the sub-reflection structure 210 and the substrate 220 are (x ₀ , y ₀ , z ₀ ). The curved reflection surface of each sub-reflection structure does not have a unique normal, but the normal (ie, the vertical vector) of the reflection surface at the known point A ₀ satisfies:

The above P _⊥x , P _⊥y and P _⊥z are normal vectors

Components on the x-axis, y-axis, and z-axis. According to the law of reflection, the incident angle between the incident beam PA ₀ and the normal at point A ₀ on the reflective surface is equal to the exit angle between the reflected beam A ₀ B1 and the normal, then the The normal vector at A ₀

in vector

and

on the angle bisector of , thus, the normal vector

It satisfies the following relation (4):

满足

上述A、B、C分别表示法向量

在x轴、y轴和z轴上的分量。由于基板220在车体空间坐标系中的位置是确定的，因此基板220的法向量

也是已知的。根据几何关系可知，基板220的法向量

与反射面在点A₀处的法线

之间的夹角即为子反射结构的反射面211与基板220之间的夹角θ。由此，基板220的法向量

以及子反射结构的反射面在A₀点处的法线

之间的夹角θ满足如下关系式(5)：For example, assume the normal vector of the substrate 220

Satisfy

The above A, B, and C represent normal vectors respectively

Components on the x, y, and z axes. Since the position of the base plate 220 in the vehicle body space coordinate system is determined, the normal vector of the base plate 220

is also known. According to the geometric relationship, the normal vector of the substrate 220

with the normal of the reflecting surface at point A ₀

The included angle therebetween is the included angle θ between the reflection surface 211 of the sub-reflection structure and the substrate 220 . Thus, the normal vector of the substrate 220

and the normal of the reflective surface of the sub-reflection structure at point A ₀

The included angle θ between them satisfies the following relational formula (5):

According to the vector quantity product relation, the following relation (6) can be obtained:

According to the above relational expressions (5)-(6), the angle θ between the reflection surface 211 and the substrate 220 can be obtained from the sub-reflection structure.

满足如下关系式(7)：For example, as shown in FIG. 12 and FIG. 13 , any point M (x, y, z) is taken on the intersection line L between the reflective surface 211 and the substrate 220, and the point M is located on the substrate 220, so that point M, A ₀ point and the normal vector of the substrate 220

It satisfies the following relation (7):

A(xx ₀ )+B(yy ₀ )+C(zz ₀ )=0.

For example, the normal vector at point M on the reflective surface 211 of the sub-reflection structure satisfies the following relational expression (8):

之间的夹角也为θ，由此，基板220的法向量

以及子反射结构的反射面在M点处的法线之间的夹角θ满足如下关系式(9)：The normal vector at point M and the normal vector of the substrate 220

The angle between them is also θ, and thus, the normal vector of the substrate 220

And the included angle θ between the normals of the reflection surface of the sub-reflection structure at point M satisfies the following relational formula (9):

For example, the coordinates x, y, z of any point M(x, y, z) on the intersection L of the reflection surface 211 of the sub-reflection structure and the substrate 220 have a certain value range, that is, M(x, y, z) The coordinates of M cannot exceed the boundary range of the substrate 220, and the value range of M(x, y, z) can satisfy the following relational formula (10):

The above-mentioned x _v , x _u , y _v , _yu , z _v , and _zu are the boundary values of the size of the substrate 220 , respectively.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the reflection surface of the sub-reflection structure can be a continuous curved surface, and the sub-reflection can be accurately determined by using the angle θ between the reflection surface of the sub-reflection structure and the substrate and the intersection between the two. The curved reflective surface of the structure. Meanwhile, for other sub-reflection structures, another known point A ₀ can be re-determined, and then the corresponding included angle θ and the intersection line can be determined. Different sub-reflection structures have different included angles θ, and thus, different sub-reflection structures have different intersecting lines with the substrate.

For example, FIG. 14 is a schematic partial plan view of another reflective structure in the display device shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 . The reflective structure shown in FIG. 14 differs from the reflective structure shown in FIG. 8 only in that FIG. 14 The reflection surface of each sub-reflection structure shown is a closed ring structure, for example, a circular ring. At this time, the reference point of the reflective structure may be the center of the inner ring. Other features of the reflective surface shown in FIG. 14 are the same as those of the curved reflective surface shown in FIG. 8 , and will not be described here.

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of a diffusion light path of the light beam diffusion structure in the display device shown in FIG. 1 . As shown in FIG. 15 , the beam diffusing structure 300 can diffuse the incident light beam 301 , and can precisely control the degree of diffusion of the incident light beam 301 . The optical axis of the diffused light beam 302 and the optical axis of the incident light beam 301 are located on the same straight line, that is, the optical axis of the light beam passing through the light beam diffusing structure 300 remains unchanged, and the edge light of the diffused light beam 302 spreads along its optical axis by a certain amount. angle. For example, the diffusion angle β1 of the diffused light beam 302 in the first direction may range from 5° to 20°, and the range of the diffusion angle β2 in the second direction may be 5° to 10°. The diffusion angle refers to the two maximum lines of sight. The angle between the axes. For example, the light spot of the incident light beam 301 after passing through the beam diffusing structure 300 may be a rectangle, the first direction is the extension direction of the long side of the rectangle, and the second direction is the extension direction of the short side of the rectangle, then the diffusion angle of the first direction refers to the The included angle β1 between the light rays connected to the two ends of the long side of the rectangular light spot, and the above-mentioned diffusion angle in the second direction refers to the included angle β2 between the light rays connected to the two ends of the short side of the rectangular light spot. For example, when the light spot formed by the light beam passing through the light beam diffusing structure is a circular light spot, the diffusion angle is the angle between the light beam at the edge of the light spot and the optical axis, and the diffusion angle is the same in all directions.

For example, after the incident light beam 301 passes through the beam diffusing structure 300 , it will be diffused into a light spot with a specific size and shape along the propagation direction, and the energy distribution is uniform. Structure is precisely controlled. The above-mentioned specific shapes may include, but are not limited to, linear, circular, oval, square, and rectangular.

For example, the beam diffusing structure 300 may not distinguish the front and the back, and the beam diffusing structure 300 has a similar diffusing effect on the light incident to the beam diffusing structure 300 from the projection device 100 and the light reflected from the reflecting structure 200 through the beam diffusing structure 300 . The propagation angle and spot size of the diffused beam determine the brightness and visible area of the final image. The smaller the diffusion angle, the higher the imaging brightness and the smaller the visible area, and vice versa.

For example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 , in the case where the light beam diffusing structure 300 is removed from the light path from the projection device 100 to the first predetermined area 410 , the reflection structure 200 reflects the light emitted from the projection device 100 to the second predetermined area. In the area 420, the light intensity in the second predetermined area 420 is relatively strong, while the light intensity in the positions other than the second predetermined area 420 in the first predetermined area 410 is relatively weak. By arranging the light beam diffusing structure 300 in the embodiment of the present invention, the light beam directed to the second predetermined area 420 can be diffused at a predetermined diffusion angle deviating from the optical axis direction thereof, and the diffused light beam is converged to the first predetermined area 410, thereby , the light in the second predetermined area 420 is diffused to the first predetermined area 410 to achieve uniform distribution of light intensity.

For example, the light beam diffusing structure 300 can be a scattering optical element with low cost, such as a homogenizer sheet, a diffuser sheet, etc. When the light beam passes through the scattering optical element such as a light homogenizer sheet, scattering occurs, and a small amount of diffraction also occurs, but the scattering effect The main function is that the light beam will form a larger spot after passing through the scattering optical element.

For example, the light beam diffusing structure 300 may also be a diffractive optical element (Diffractive Optical Elements, DOE), such as a beam shaper (Beam Shaper), which can control the diffusing effect more precisely. For example, diffractive optical elements can expand the beam through diffraction by designing specific microstructures on the surface. The light spot is small, and the size and shape of the light spot are controllable. For example, the predetermined cross-sectional shape of the diffused light beam that passes through the light beam diffusing structure 300 and is directed toward the first predetermined area 410 corresponds to the shape of the first predetermined area 410 , so that light efficiency can be improved.

For example, FIG. 15 schematically shows that after an incident beam 301 passes through a beam diffusing structure 300 such as a diffractive optical element, the beam is diffused to form an exit beam 302 with a preset cross-sectional shape. FIG. 15 takes the preset cross-sectional shape as a rectangle as an example to illustrate . For example, the shape of the eye box area is generally rectangular, so the rectangular light spot formed by the beam diffusion structure corresponds to the rectangular eye box area, which can improve the light efficiency; The light efficiency can be further improved.

For example, when the reflection surface of the sub-reflection structure is the plane reflection surface shown in FIG. 3, the heights of the sub-reflection structures may be the same or different in the direction perpendicular to the substrate, and the surface of the beam diffusing structure facing the reflection structure may be the same as the height of the sub-reflection structure. At least part of the sub-reflective structure is in contact with a side remote from the substrate. For example, when the reflection surface of the sub-reflection structure is a continuous curved reflection surface as shown in FIGS. 8 to 9 , the surface of the light beam diffusing structure facing the reflection structure may contact at least a part of the sub-reflection structure away from the substrate. For example, when the reflection surface of the sub-reflection structure is a continuous curved reflection surface as shown in FIG. 10 to FIG. 11 , the surface of the light beam diffusing structure facing the reflection structure may contact the side of the higher-height partial sub-reflection structure away from the substrate. Of course, the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this. A frame can also be arranged between the beam diffusion structure and the reflection structure to carry the beam diffusion structure. The distance of the structure is small.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the light beam diffusing structure provided in the display device plays a role in diffusing the light beam, which can make the brightness of the light uniform, so that the imaging brightness of the display device is uniform, and the use experience is improved.

For example, FIG. 16 is a schematic diagram of a partial internal structure of a projection device according to an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 16 , the projection apparatus includes a projection light source 110 , an image generation unit 120 , and a lens unit 130 . The image generation unit 120 is configured to convert the light emitted from the projection light source 110 into image light, and the image light passes through the lens unit 130 and then is emitted from the projection device.

For example, the projection device may be a liquid crystal display (LCD) projection device or a digital light processing (DLP) device. For example, the projection light source 110 may be a gas discharge light source, including an ultra-high pressure mercury lamp, a short arc xenon lamp and a metal halide lamp. For example, the projection light source 110 may also be an electroluminescent light source, such as a light emitting diode (Light Emitting Diode, LED). For example, the projection light source 110 may also be a laser light source.

For example, the image generating part 120 may include a liquid crystal layer (Liquid Crystal Display, LCD) or a digital micromirror device (Digital Micromirror Device, DMD).

For example, the image light emitted from the image generating unit 120 passes through the lens unit 130 to form projection rays. For example, the lens portion 130 may include a convex lens, or an equivalent lens group that functions similarly to the convex lens, such as a combination of a convex lens, a concave lens, and a Fresnel lens. For example, a large-sized screen can be formed by using the projection light emitted from the lens portion 130 .

For example, FIG. 17 is a schematic diagram of a partial plane structure of the pixels included in the image generation unit shown in FIG. 16 . As shown in FIG. 17 , the image generating part 120 includes a substrate 122 and a plurality of pixels 121 located on the substrate 122 , for example, the plurality of pixels 121 are arranged in an array. For example, as shown in FIG. 3 , FIG. 4 and FIG. 17 , the maximum size of the reflection surface 211 of each sub-reflection structure 210 is not greater than the maximum size of each pixel 121 . For example, the maximum size of the orthographic projection of the reflection surface 211 of each sub-reflection structure 210 on the substrate 220 is not greater than the maximum size of each pixel 121 .

For example, FIG. 18 is a schematic partial structure diagram of a display device provided according to another example of an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 18 , each sub-reflection structure 210 includes at least two reflection surfaces 211 , the projection device 100 includes two sub-projection devices 1001 and 1002 , and each sub-reflection structure 210 is configured to transmit light emitted from the two sub-projection devices 1001 and 1002 The third predetermined area 440 is reflected, and the third predetermined area 440 includes two first predetermined areas 410 . FIG. 18 only schematically shows the projection device 100 and the two sub-reflection structures 210 in the reflection structure. The multiple sub-reflection structures included in the reflection structure in this example may have the same arrangement as the sub-reflection structures shown in FIG. 3 , the difference is only that each sub-reflection structure in this example includes at least two planar reflection surfaces. FIG. 18 does not show the light beam spreading structure, the light beam spreading structure in this example can be the same as the light beam spreading structure shown in FIG. 15 , and details are not repeated here. In the case where the light beam diffusing structure 300 is removed from the light path from the projection device 100 to the above-mentioned at least two first predetermined regions 410 , the plurality of sub-reflection structures 210 are configured to reflect the light emitted from the projection device 100 to each of the first predetermined regions 410 . A second predetermined region (not shown, refer to FIG. 1 ) within the second predetermined region 420 , and the area of the second predetermined region 420 is smaller than that of the first predetermined region 410 . FIG. 18 schematically shows that the light emitted from the reflective structure is directly condensed to the first predetermined area 410 for imaging, but it is not limited to this, and the transflective shown in FIG. 5 can also be added between the light beam diffusing structure and the first predetermined area 410 The structure 500 or other optical elements are not limited in this embodiment of the present invention.

For example, each sub-reflection structure 210 is provided with two reflecting surfaces 2111 and 2112 to reflect the light emitted by the two projection devices 1001 and 1002 to different positions, that is, two different first predetermined areas 410 . The first predetermined area 410 may be the left eye and the right eye of the observer, so that the observer can observe a 3D image. For example, the two different first predetermined regions 410 may also be different eye box regions, such as the driver's eye box region and the passenger's eye box region, so that the driver and the passenger can see different images respectively.

Another embodiment of the present invention provides a motor vehicle, including the display device described in any of the above embodiments. The motor vehicle provided by the embodiment of the present invention adopts the above-mentioned display device, so that the driver can directly see more abundant information, such as a navigation map, complex safety information and other large-scale pictures without looking down at the instrument panel during driving. Therefore, it can better meet the needs of the driver to control all kinds of information in the driving of the vehicle.

For example, the transflective structure in the above-mentioned display device may be a windshield or an imaging window of a motor vehicle.

The following points need to be noted:

(1) In the drawings of the embodiments of the present utility model, only the structures involved in the embodiments of the present utility model are involved, and other structures may refer to the general design.

(2) The features of the same embodiment and different embodiments of the present invention may be combined with each other without conflict.

The above descriptions are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the protection scope of the present invention, which is determined by the appended claims.

This application claims the priority of Chinese Patent Application No. 2019104144974 filed on May 17, 2019, and the content disclosed in the above Chinese patent application is hereby incorporated in its entirety as a part of this application.

Claims (21)

1. A display device comprising a projection device, a reflective structure and a beam-spreading structure, wherein,

the light emitted from the projection device penetrates through the light beam diffusion structure and reaches a first preset area after being reflected by the reflection structure;

the beam spreading structure is configured to spread a light beam passing through the beam spreading structure without changing an optical axis of the light beam;

the reflection structure comprises a plurality of sub-reflection structures, and the plurality of sub-reflection structures are configured to reflect the light emitted by the projection device to a second predetermined region within the first predetermined region under the condition that the light beam diffusion structure is removed from the light path from the projection device to the first predetermined region, wherein the area of the second predetermined region is smaller than that of the first predetermined region.

2. The display device according to claim 1, further comprising:

a transflective structure configured to reflect light exiting through the reflective structure and the beam spreading structure to the first predetermined region.

3. The display device according to claim 2, wherein the light beam diffusing structure is provided in a stacked manner with the reflecting structure, wherein light emitted from the projection device passes through the light beam diffusing structure and enters the reflecting structure, and wherein light reflected by the reflecting structure passes through the light beam diffusing structure again and reaches the first predetermined region.

4. The display device according to claim 2, wherein the transflective structure is configured to directly reflect light, which is directly incident to the transflective structure after passing through the reflective structure and the beam diffusing structure, to the first predetermined region.

5. The display device of claim 2, wherein the projection device, the first predetermined area, the reflective structure, and the beam spreading structure are located on a first side of the transflective structure, and the transflective structure is further configured to transmit ambient light on a second side of the transflective structure to the first predetermined area.

6. The display device according to claim 2, wherein the reflective structure further comprises a substrate, the plurality of sub-reflective structures are spaced apart from each other on a side of the substrate facing the projection device, and each of the plurality of sub-reflective structures comprises at least one reflective surface, and the plurality of reflective surfaces of the plurality of sub-reflective structures are configured to reflect and converge the light emitted from the projection device.

7. The display device according to claim 6, wherein each of the sub-reflective structures comprises a planar reflective surface, the reflective structure comprises a reference region, and an angle between the planar reflective surface of the sub-reflective structures and the substrate increases gradually from a direction close to the reference region to a direction away from the reference region.

8. The display device according to claim 7, wherein the maximum dimension of the planar reflective surface of each of the sub-reflective structures is larger than a distance between two adjacent sub-reflective structures.

9. The display device of claim 8, wherein the maximum dimension of each of the planar reflective surfaces ranges from 100 micrometers to 100 millimeters.

10. The display device according to claim 7, wherein each of the sub-reflecting structures has a shape including a polyhedron, and one surface of the polyhedron is the plane reflecting surface.

11. The display device according to claim 7, wherein each of the sub-reflective structures includes a predetermined point on the planar reflective surface, the observation point in the first predetermined region is a virtual observation point image with respect to the mirror image point of the transflective structure, the predetermined point is a virtual predetermined point image with respect to the mirror image point of the transflective structure, the center of the light exit surface of the projection device is a light exit point,

the normal of the plane reflecting surface is positioned on an angular bisector of a first connecting line between the preset point and the light emitting point and a second connecting line between the preset point and the virtual image of the observation point; or

And a connecting line of the observation point and the virtual image of the preset point is intersected with the transflective structure to form an intersection point, and the normal of the plane reflecting surface is positioned on an angle bisector of a first connecting line of the preset point and the light emitting point and a third connecting line of the preset point and the intersection point.

12. The display device according to claim 6, wherein each of the sub-reflecting structures comprises a continuous curved reflecting surface, and the reflecting surfaces in adjacent sub-reflecting structures are not parallel to each other.

13. The display device according to claim 12, wherein a cross section of each of the sub-reflective structures taken along the arrangement direction of the plurality of sub-reflective structures includes a polygon, and in the cross section of each of the sub-reflective structures, a side of the reflective surface is a straight side.

14. The display device according to claim 12, wherein each of the sub-reflecting structures is a ring-shaped structure, the plurality of sub-reflecting structures are arranged in a plurality of ring-shaped structures, and a surface of each of the ring-shaped structures facing a center of the reflecting structure is the curved reflecting surface.

15. The display device according to claim 14, wherein an angle between the plurality of curved reflective surfaces of the plurality of sub-reflective structures and the substrate gradually increases from the inner ring of the multi-turn ring-shaped structure to the outer ring.

16. The display device according to claim 12, wherein the largest dimension of each of the sub-reflecting structures is equal in a direction perpendicular to the substrate; or,

the ring widths of orthographic projections of the plurality of sub-reflecting structures on the substrate are all equal.

17. The display device according to any one of claims 1 to 16, wherein the beam diffusing structure comprises at least one of a diffractive optical element and a scattering optical element.

18. The display device according to any one of claims 7 to 11, wherein the projection device includes a projection light source, an image generation section, and a lens section, the image generation section being configured to convert light emitted from the projection light source into image light, the image light being emitted from the projection device after passing through the lens section;

the image generating part comprises a plurality of pixels, and the maximum size of the reflecting surface of each sub-reflecting structure is not larger than the maximum size of each pixel.

19. The display device according to claim 6, wherein each of the sub-reflecting structures comprises at least two reflecting surfaces, the projection device comprises two sub-projection devices, and each of the sub-reflecting structures is configured to reflect light emitted from the two sub-projection devices to a third predetermined region, the third predetermined region comprises two of the first predetermined regions.

20. A head-up display comprising a display device according to any one of claims 1-19.

21. A motor vehicle comprising the heads-up display of claim 20.

Images