CN212749312U

CN212749312U - Waterproof protection structure of optical communication device and ultrahigh-reliability optical communication device

Info

Publication number: CN212749312U
Application number: CN202021482576.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谢艳丽
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2020-07-24
Filing date: 2020-07-24
Publication date: 2021-03-19
Anticipated expiration: 2030-07-24

Abstract

The utility model relates to a waterproof protection structure and super high reliability optical communication device of optical communication device belongs to optical communication technical field. This optical communication device's waterproof protection structure includes: anticorrosive coating, adhesive linkage, waterproof layer. The utility model discloses still mention a super high reliability optical communication device, including foretell optical communication device's waterproof protection structure. The waterproof protection structure of the optical communication device can realize low-cost prevention of invasion of gaseous water and liquid water, has good protection effect on the optical communication device, is the most effective method in the known protection effect at present, and can greatly improve the reliability and the service life of the optical device.

Description

Waterproof protection structure of optical communication device and ultrahigh-reliability optical communication device

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of optical communication, concretely relates to optical communication device's waterproof protection structure and super high reliability optical communication device.

Background

The optical fiber communication technology is a communication mode which takes light waves as signal carriers and optical glass fibers as transmission media, and plays a significant role in modern communication networks. Compared with the prior copper conductor, the optical fiber has the transmission characteristics of low loss, low cost, wide frequency band and the like, so that the optical fiber communication network is greatly developed by being put into business in the early 80 s, and the existing communication network is all the optical fiber network except the tail end.

Optical fiber communication devices (optical devices for short) are essential important components in optical fiber networks, and optical passive devices, active devices, connecting devices and the like are classified according to functions.

The optical passive device is an optical fiber device which does not need external energy input and can complete certain optical functions by itself. Typical passive optical devices include optical isolators, optical wavelength division multiplexers, optical fiber isolators, optical switches, optical attenuators, polarization combiners, optical demultiplexers, optical fiber circulators, optical filters, optical wavelength selective switches, optical grooming filters, and high-density wavelength division multiplexers, among others. The optically active device generally needs external energy to generate, modulate, transmit, and decode optical signals, and the optically active device includes a pump light source, a high power light source, a transceiver module, and the like. Optical connectors employ mechanical precision positioning to connect optical fibers together, and there are many types of optical connectors, including SC/PC, LC, FC/PC, and the like.

Substantially all optical devices have adhesives to hold the components of the optical device, the adhesives typically having three functions, the first: connecting two components together, the second: keeping the moving dislocation as small as possible under the environment of high and low temperature change and water erosion, and the third: the sealing and blocking function is used for blocking dust, liquid water and other substances which may enter the optical device and damage the operation of the optical device. These adhesives are an important part of the optical device. The adhesive typically forms the most basic protective layer on the optical communication device, which is part of the body of the optical communication device, and in this application is part of our composite protective structure, which assumes the role of the substrate for our protective structure. Here we refer to this adhesive forming a glue layer as adhesive layer 3.

However, the adhesive layer has a significant drawback: cannot block the permeation of gaseous water molecules.

This is a background introduction: likewise, liquid water is a molecular group or a molecular chain formed by connecting at least five six and at most hundreds of water molecules through hydrogen bonds, and the size of the liquid water is dozens of hundreds of nanometers, while gaseous water is a single free water molecule and the size of the gaseous water is only 0.2-0.3 nanometer. The waterproof property that we often say, for example, the waterproof property in the electronic industry and the building industry, is liquid water resistance, that is, the prevention of the penetration of molecular chains of water molecule groups consisting of hundreds of water molecules. Unlike waterproofing in the electronics and construction industries, "waterproofing" of optical communication devices prevents both liquid water and gaseous water molecules from entering. In contrast, it is much more difficult to prevent the permeation of water molecules having a size of only 0.2 to 0.3 nm than to prevent the permeation of molecular chains of liquid water molecule groups having a size several tens of times larger than the volume of the molecules.

Most of adhesives used in the optical communication industry are high molecular materials, and the high molecular materials are composed of molecular chains formed by connecting a plurality of organic molecules, and can be thought of as a group of messy hemp. The gaps between these "ripened" polymer chains are one or two orders of magnitude larger than the water molecule size. Thus, no matter how thick the adhesive layer is, water molecules can penetrate through these adhesives sooner or later, resulting in several failures:

once water molecules entering the adhesive remain in the adhesive, the water molecules may damage the adhesive surface or reduce the adhesive strength, resulting in failure of the adhesive function.

Secondly, after water molecules stay in the adhesive, the adhesive is deformed, so that the relative position of a certain part in the middle of the optical device generates tiny dislocation and movement, and the optical device fails, because most parts in the optical fiber device are positioned with high precision, the positioning precision is below 1 micrometer, and the transmitted optical signal is lost due to the tiny dislocation and movement of one micrometer or two micrometers.

And thirdly, because the adhesive can be penetrated by water molecules, even if the adhesive has a sealing effect, the water molecules can enter the optical device as long as the time is long enough, and further other internal adhesives are failed or liquid water is formed and falls on the optical path to block and damage the transmitted optical signal.

In order to resist the penetration and erosion of water vapor and water vapor molecules to optical devices, one method adopted in the industry at present is to use an all-metal outer sealing tube and a metal adhesive, the metal tube is used as a main body structure, and soldering tin is used as the adhesive for sealing the positions, which need to be connected and sealed, on the tube, because metal is a compact lattice structure solid formed by atoms through shared electrons, and the distance between the atoms (usually only a few tenths of nanometers) is small enough not to allow one water molecule to pass through. However, this approach has three drawbacks: firstly, because the viscosity of the molten soldering tin is high, the fluidity is poor, the curing time is very short, and is only about one second, so the method is easy to form what we usually say as "false soldering", the false soldering is actually the result that we can not ensure that the soldering tin can smoothly flow into the holes and gaps to be covered to fill the whole holes and gaps, and no means for detecting the minimum false soldering with 100% sensitivity exists at present, so although theoretically, a sealing system formed by the soldering tin and the metal outer tube can block water vapor molecules from entering, we can not ensure that each optical device forms a zero false soldering sealing system in actual operation, the operation level can not achieve 100% success rate, and fish with net leakage always exist. Second, high temperature (over 200 degrees) of the molten solder may damage other adhesives inside the optical device, most of which are epoxy resin type high molecular adhesives, and the adhesives may fail and decompose at high temperature over 200 degrees, resulting in failure of the optical device, which reduces the yield of the optical device and increases the production cost of the optical device. Third, soldering tin can be corroded under the high-humidity aerobic environment, and the leak hole will appear to corrode to a certain degree in the place that the soldering tin layer is thin and lead to the steam to get into, and the life-span of optical device can be discounted greatly.

Because of the defects of the metal sealing system, another method is adopted in the industry at present, namely, a material which can completely block water molecule penetration, such as metal or glass, is used as a main body, and a high polymer adhesive is additionally added. The metal or glass is used as a main body structure to form most of shells of the optical communication devices to resist water molecules, then the gaps of the main body structure are sealed by using a high-molecular adhesive, but the high-molecular adhesive with good fluidity, high crosslinking density and hydrophobic property is used as much as possible in the selection and the use of the high-molecular adhesive. The adhesive with good fluidity can smoothly flow into the gaps and holes of the main body structure, and the filling effect is much better than that of soldering tin. The high crosslink density and hydrophobic nature allow as little water molecules to enter the adhesive as possible. In addition to the choice of adhesive, this solution also requires close fitting of the components of the main structure, minimizing the voids and cavities that need to be filled with the polymeric adhesive, which is equivalent to minimizing the amount of polymeric adhesive and narrowing the passage of water molecules, so as to minimize the number of water molecules that permeate from the adhesive. This method substantially reduces the possibility of obtaining a defect in the sealing layer by the minute water permeability of the adhesive, compared to the first soldering method. This approach is currently possible to have a fraction of the optical devices pass industry reliability standards (tecodia/Be l core GR-1221), i.e. a group of 11 or 22 optical devices all survive 500 hours (normal standard) or 1000 hours (higher standard) at high temperature (85 degrees celsius) and high humidity (85% humidity). The optical communication device capable of passing the test is called as a high-reliability device and can be applied to an optical communication trunk network with higher requirement on reliability.

However, as described above, this method still cannot completely prevent water molecules from permeating through the polymer adhesive, and no matter how small the permeation amount of water molecules is, water molecules can always permeate due to the presence of the polymer adhesive which can be penetrated by water molecules, so that it is only a problem that the water molecules can completely destroy the optical device for a long time, and the lifetime of the optical communication device is limited. In addition, similar to the first metal seal, there are operational problems, such as how to make the gap of the main structure small enough? How small is it suitable? How to ensure that the gap is small enough during mass production? How to ensure that the adhesive fills the gap 100? What adhesive is selected to have a good effect of retarding penetration? And so on, which is not sure, although the chance of defects generated by this operation is much less than that of solder, but it is not sure that the optical devices are sealed perfectly individually.

In summary, the two current methods either cannot eliminate the defects by 100%, or have a limited service life because the solder is corroded or the adhesive is penetrated, and there is no good method in the industry to manufacture a zero-defect, zero-penetration (or zero-corrosion) long-life and ultra-high-reliability optical device, which cannot meet the requirements of some occasions requiring ultra-high reliability applications, such as ultra-long distance trunk optical networks, ocean-bottom trunk optical networks, deep-sea diving communication, aerospace military communication, and the like.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

The utility model discloses a solve above-mentioned technical problem and provide a compound waterproof protection structure of optical communication device, can realize low-cost, zero defect, zero infiltration, it is effectual to optical communication device's protection, can postpone the optical device life-span to satisfy the application of super high reliability.

The utility model provides an above-mentioned technical problem's technical scheme as follows: a water-proof composite protective structure for an optical communication device, which can prevent not only liquid water and dust but also gaseous water, the structure comprising: anticorrosive coating, waterproof layer, adhesive linkage.

The utility model has the advantages that: (1) the adhesive layer 1 can play a role in adhering, fixing and preventing dust and liquid water from entering the optical device, has enough fluidity before being dried so that the adhesive layer can perfectly enter gaps and holes formed by structural members such as metal or glass and the like to play a role in adhering and filling, and also serves as a substrate of the waterproof layer 2;

(2) the bonding layer is protected by the waterproof layer 2, so that the waterproof layer 2 can block gaseous water molecules for the first time. The material of the waterproof layer 2 is dense metal or metal inorganic matter, as mentioned above, the metal is composed of atoms, the atomic arrangement is extremely dense, and the water molecules can be perfectly prevented from passing through. Most solid metal inorganics are also lattice structures, and the gaps between lattices are equivalent to the lattice gaps of metal atoms, and can also block water molecules from passing through.

(3) The waterproof layer 2 is a metal molecule or a metal inorganic substance, and as mentioned above, the waterproof layer itself has no ability to resist corrosion of acid and alkali in the air, so in order to protect the waterproof layer, an anti-corrosion layer needs to be added, and then the anti-corrosion layer prevents oxygen in the air and acidic and basic substances in the air from contacting the waterproof layer, so as to protect the waterproof layer, thereby prolonging the service life of the optical communication device.

On the basis of the technical scheme, the utility model discloses can also do following improvement.

Furthermore, the waterproof layer is made of metal or metal inorganic compound.

The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the lattice structure of metal and metal inorganic matter can prevent water molecules from penetrating, so that the optical communication device is protected, and the service life of the optical device is prolonged.

Further, the waterproof layer is plated, nano-plated, or sprayed or vacuum-plated on the bonding layer.

The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: can form an even and complete protective layer, avoid 'insufficient welding', can realize zero-defect protection, and has better waterproof effect.

Further, the following metals may be used as the protective layer material: gold, silver, chromium, cadmium, platinum, iron, aluminum, copper, lead, zinc, tin, nickel, wherein the gold is the most chemically stable and can be used as one of the alternatives. Many dense and chemically stable metallic inorganic materials such as iron sesquioxide, alumina, silica, titanium sesquioxide, aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, and the like, may also be used as the water barrier material.

The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: good waterproof effect, easily obtained materials and low cost.

Furthermore, the anticorrosive coating is made of a plurality of materials, such as asphalt paint, chlorinated polyolefin, acrylic paint, polyurethane paint, vinyl ester resin, zinc-rich paint and the like, which can effectively prevent acid and alkali in the air from corroding.

The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: the waterproof layer can be effectively protected, liquid water resistance can be simultaneously considered, and the effect is better.

Further, the thickness of the waterproof layer is 1-50 microns.

The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: has good waterproof molecular effect, does not need to form a film excessively thick, and saves the cost.

Further, the thickness of the anticorrosive layer is 0.5-10 microns.

The beneficial effect of adopting the further scheme is that: has good acid and alkali resistant effect, saves materials and reduces the manufacturing cost.

The utility model also provides a super high reliability optical communication device, including foretell optical communication device's waterproof protection structure.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of the ultra-high reliability optical communication device of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic view of the waterproof structure according to the present invention.

In the drawings, the components represented by the respective reference numerals are listed below:

1. anticorrosive coating, 2, waterproof layer, 3, adhesive linkage, 4, metal or glass main part, 5, optic fibre.

Detailed Description

The principles and features of the present invention are described below in conjunction with the following drawings, the examples given are only intended to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.

Examples

As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a waterproof composite protective structure of an optical communication device, including: the waterproof coating comprises an adhesive layer 3 and a waterproof layer 2, wherein the waterproof layer 2 covers one surface of the adhesive layer 3. The bonding layer 3 is protected by the waterproof layer 2, so that the waterproof layer 2 can block water molecules once, then the waterproof layer is protected once again by the anticorrosive layer 1, and the erosion of oxygen in the air and acid-base substances in the air to the waterproof layer is blocked, so that an optical communication device is protected. The adhesive layer 3 can bond and fix the main structure and can play a role of a substrate of the waterproof layer 2 and the anticorrosive layer 3, and the fluidity of the adhesive layer before drying is enough to enable the adhesive layer to perfectly enter gaps and holes formed by structural members such as metal or glass 4 and the like, so that the adhesive layer can play a role of bonding and filling.

Preferably, in this embodiment, the material of the waterproof layer 2 is metal or metal inorganic compound. The compact lattice structure formed by the metal or the metal inorganic compound blocks and isolates water molecules, so that the water molecules cannot enter the bonding layer 3 and the optical communication device, the purpose of protecting the optical communication device is realized, and the waterproof and waterproof effects are better than those of the existing industrial method.

Preferably, in this embodiment, the waterproof layer 2 is formed on the adhesive layer 3 by nano-plating, electroplating, ion plating or vacuum plating. Through the optimization of the coating and spraying processes, the metal material and the metal inorganic material can be uniformly and stably formed on the bonding layer 3, so that the protective optical device is completely covered, the defect similar to the cold solder joint is not generated, and a better waterproof effect can be realized.

Preferably, in this embodiment, the metal may be one of gold, silver, chromium, cadmium, platinum, iron, aluminum, copper, lead, zinc, tin and nickel, and the metal inorganic compound is one of titanium oxide, zirconium oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide and aluminum dihydrogen phosphate, and has the same waterproof effect.

Preferably, in this embodiment, the waterproof layer further includes an anticorrosive layer 1, the anticorrosive layer 1 is coated on the waterproof layer 2, and the waterproof layer 2 can be protected from the corrosion of acidic or weak base materials by the anticorrosive layer 1. In general, water contains weak acid substances, and when the weak acid substances are in contact with the waterproof layer 2 for a long time, the waterproof layer 2 is easily corroded, so that the waterproof capability of the waterproof layer 2 is reduced. The waterproof layer 2 can be effectively protected by the anticorrosive layer 1. Thereby realize waterproof layer 2 protection adhesive linkage 3, anticorrosive coating 1 protects the effect of waterproof layer 2.

Preferably, in this embodiment, the anticorrosive coating 1 is one of asphalt paint, chlorinated polyolefin, acrylic coating, polyurethane coating, vinyl ester resin, and zinc-rich paint, and can effectively protect the waterproof layer 2, and simultaneously can block liquid water from permeating, and the effect is better.

The embodiment also provides an ultrahigh-reliability optical communication device, which comprises the waterproof protection structure of the optical communication device.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "length", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "inner", "outer", "circumferential", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are merely for convenience of description and simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless specifically limited otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "fixed" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood according to specific situations by those skilled in the art.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waterproof protective structure of an optical communication device, comprising: the optical communication device comprises an adhesive layer (3), a waterproof layer (2) and an anticorrosive layer (1) which belong to one part of an optical communication device body, wherein the waterproof layer (2) covers one surface of the adhesive layer (3), and the anticorrosive layer (1) is smeared on the waterproof layer (2).

2. The waterproof structure of optical communication device according to claim 1, wherein the waterproof layer (2) is made of metal or metal inorganic compound.

3. The waterproof protective structure of optical communication device according to claim 2, wherein the waterproof layer (2) is plated or sprayed or nano-plated or vacuum-plated on the adhesive layer (3).

4. The waterproof structure according to claim 2, wherein the metal is gold, silver, chromium, cadmium, platinum, iron, aluminum, copper, lead, zinc, tin, or nickel, and the metal inorganic compound is iron oxide, aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, titanium oxide, or aluminum dihydrogen phosphate.

5. An ultra-high reliability optical communication device comprising the waterproof protective structure of the optical communication device according to any one of claims 1 to 4.