CN220379430U - Metal hydride hydrogen storage tank with high hydrogen absorption and desorption speed - Google Patents
Metal hydride hydrogen storage tank with high hydrogen absorption and desorption speed Download PDFInfo
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- CN220379430U CN220379430U CN202321140767.5U CN202321140767U CN220379430U CN 220379430 U CN220379430 U CN 220379430U CN 202321140767 U CN202321140767 U CN 202321140767U CN 220379430 U CN220379430 U CN 220379430U
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- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 280
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 280
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 275
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 200
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 238000003795 desorption Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 229910052987 metal hydride Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 150000004681 metal hydrides Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 29
- 239000006262 metallic foam Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 96
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 86
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 78
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000011232 storage material Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 10
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 7
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 7
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 5
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910010340 TiFe Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 and meanwhile Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000003139 buffering effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000004122 cyclic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004678 hydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
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- Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
Abstract
The utility model relates to the technical field of hydrogen energy storage equipment, in particular to a metal hydride hydrogen storage tank with high hydrogen absorption and desorption speed. According to the utility model, the hydrogen storage alloy is divided into a plurality of layers by the metal disc and the metal foam cylinder, so that the heat transfer efficiency in the metal hydride hydrogen storage tank can be greatly improved, the hydrogen absorption and desorption rate is increased, the hydrogen absorption and desorption process can be completed in a shorter time, and the hydrogen absorption and desorption speed is increased; in addition, the metal foam cylinder and the metal disc prevent the hydrogen storage alloy from generating powder accumulation benefits, thereby effectively preventing the hydrogen storage alloy from deforming and cracking the hydrogen storage tank body due to the stress generated by volume expansion in the hydrogen absorption process, and improving the use safety and the service life of the hydrogen storage tank.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of hydrogen energy storage equipment, in particular to a metal hydride hydrogen storage tank with high hydrogen absorption and desorption speed.
Background
Hydrogen gas is used as an energy carrier, has increasingly attracted great interest in academia and industry of various countries, has the advantages of high energy heat value density, cyclic utilization and no pollution in emission, becomes the best choice for replacing hydrocarbon fuel at the present stage, particularly can provide power for hydrogen fuel cell automobiles, greatly reduces the dependence on fuel oil, and has wide application prospect.
The storage and transportation of hydrogen are key problems affecting the effective development of hydrogen, and three representative hydrogen storage modes at present mainly comprise high-pressure gas storage, low-temperature liquid storage and solid storage.
The high-pressure gas storage is a technology which is mature in the current application, and the hydrogen storage mode is to compress hydrogen into a high-pressure gas cylinder, and is characterized by simple structure, low cost and convenient hydrogen charging and discharging, but the quality hydrogen storage density index is lower, and the working state inside the hydrogen gas cylinder is high pressure, and leakage or explosion is a potential safety hazard. The low-temperature liquid storage is to store liquefied hydrogen in a low-temperature heat-insulating container, and the liquid hydrogen density is far higher than gaseous hydrogen, so that the mass hydrogen storage density is higher, however, the preparation of the liquid hydrogen needs compression and cooling and is stored in a heat-insulating low-temperature device, the energy consumption is extremely high, the occupied area of the low-temperature device is large, the maintenance cost is high, and the volatilization and vaporization of the hydrogen are difficult to avoid in the transportation process.
In various storage and transportation modes of hydrogen, solid hydrogen is stored in a solid state by converting hydrogen into a solid state form, and the principle is that hydrogen is stored by forming a metal hydride with an alloy hydrogen storage material, and then the hydrogen is released from the hydride by heating or depressurization and other operations. Compared with high-pressure gaseous storage and low-temperature liquid storage, solid hydrogen storage is influenced by chemical reaction rate in the hydrogen absorption and desorption process, explosion risk is low, storage pressure is low, and a high-pressure container is not needed, so that the safety is higher. And secondly, the solid hydrogen storage volume has higher hydrogen storage density, and has the advantages of high hydrogen purity, convenient operation and the like. Therefore, developing solid hydrogen storage materials and hydrogen storage container structures that can conveniently, safely and efficiently store hydrogen is an important direction for the development of hydrogen energy.
According to the principle of solid hydrogen storage, the hydrogen storage material expands and releases heat when absorbing hydrogen, and contracts and absorbs heat when releasing hydrogen. The basic hydrogen storage container is a common steel pressure container, the hydrogen storage alloy is placed in the container, the hydrogen filling and discharging functions are realized through the air inlet pipe and the air outlet pipe, the heat transfer speed of the container is low, the natural heat exchange efficiency is low, the materials in the container are heated unevenly, the effect of the heat effect in the hydrogen filling and discharging process of the alloy on the hydrogen storage efficiency is large, the hydrogen storage alloy is further refined into smaller materials and is accumulated at the bottom of the container due to continuous expansion and shrinkage in the hydrogen filling and discharging process, the heat effect in the hydrogen sucking and discharging process is difficult to control, and the speed of hydrogen sucking and discharging and the effect of the hydrogen sucking and discharging quantity are influenced. The accumulated concentrated stress can be formed on the inner wall of the container in the process of expanding and absorbing hydrogen, and certain damage is caused to the container. The existing improvement mode generally improves the hydrogen absorption and desorption capacity of the hydrogen storage material or improves the spatial distribution of the hydrogen storage material, and the stress concentration can be relieved to a certain extent, but the heat transfer effect of the structure is general, and the hydrogen absorption and desorption are greatly restricted by temperature; some structures improve the internal structure of the container, enhance heat transfer by convection of a heat exchange medium and the like, and improve the hydrogen storage performance of the hydrogen storage container, but the structure of the container leads to complex processing and higher technical requirements.
Chinese literature CN202210053669.1 discloses a metal hydride hydrogen storage tank with strong stress resistance and good heat and mass transfer effect, which comprises a plurality of hydrogen storage modules closely attached, hydrogen storage material powder is filled in a foam metal disc of the hydrogen storage module, and two sides of the foam metal disc are respectively provided with an expanded graphite disc and radiating fins. Although the filling of the hydrogen storage material in the foam metal disc can absorb the stress generated by the hydrogen absorption expansion of the hydrogen storage material powder, the filling amount of the hydrogen storage material is smaller because the pores of the foam metal disc are only 10 PPI-15 PPI, so that the hydrogen storage amount of the hydrogen storage tank is reduced. In addition, the metal foam disk can absorb much more stress than the hydrogen storage material absorbs hydrogen to expand, so that the hydrogen storage material is fully filled in the metal foam disk, resulting in waste of the metal foam disk. Finally, the cost of the metal foam tray is high, and the use of a large amount of metal foam tray increases the cost of the hydrogen storage tank. In view of the above, a metal hydride hydrogen storage canister in which a hydrogen storage material is entirely filled in a foam metal tray is not suitable for practical use.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects in the prior art, the utility model aims to provide a metal hydride hydrogen storage tank with low cost and high hydrogen absorption and desorption speed.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the utility model is as follows:
a metal hydride hydrogen storage tank, which comprises a gas valve, a tank body end socket, a filtering component, a gas guide pipe, a plurality of metal foam cylinders, a plurality of metal discs, hydrogen storage alloy and a tank body; the one end opening of the jar body, jar body head setting are in jar opening part of body, and gas valve and filter assembly set up jar body head, air duct, metal foam cylinder, metal disc, hydrogen storage alloy set up in the jar body, metal foam cylinder and metal disc separate the hydrogen storage alloy into a plurality of layers, the air duct wears to establish between the hydrogen storage alloy.
In one embodiment, the tank body is sequentially filled with a plurality of hydrogen storage units, each hydrogen storage unit comprises two metal foam cylinders, metal discs and hydrogen storage alloy, the two metal foam cylinders are arranged at intervals, the metal foam cylinders and the tank body are surrounded to form a cavity for containing the hydrogen storage alloy, the hydrogen storage alloy is filled in the holes of the metal foam cylinders and the cavity, and the metal discs are arranged on one sides of the metal foam cylinders, so that the metal foam cylinders and the metal discs divide the hydrogen storage alloy into a plurality of layers.
In one embodiment, the hydrogen storage unit near the bottom of the tank body comprises two metal foam cylinders and a hydrogen storage alloy which are arranged at intervals, wherein one metal foam cylinder is in direct contact with the bottom wall of the tank body.
In one embodiment, the outer diameter of the metal disc is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the tank body, and the metal disc arranged at one end close to the end socket of the tank body is fixedly connected with the tank body.
In one embodiment, the outer diameter of the metal foam cylinder is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the tank body, the height is not larger than the radius of the tank body, and the metal foam cylinder and the tank body are in clearance fit.
In one embodiment, the hydrogen storage alloy is freely piled on the metal foam cylinders and vibrated to enable part of the hydrogen storage alloy to be filled into the pores of the metal foam cylinders, and the height of the hydrogen storage alloy piled between the metal foam cylinders is 2-3 times that of the metal foam cylinders.
In one embodiment, a first central hole for penetrating the air duct is formed in the center of the metal disc, a second central hole for penetrating the air duct is formed in the center of the metal foam cylinder, and the air duct penetrates through the first central hole and the second central hole to be arranged in the tank body.
In one embodiment, the metal disc arranged at one end close to the tank body end socket is fixedly connected with the air duct.
In one embodiment, the filter sheet is a stainless steel sintered body, and the filtering precision is 0.5-5 mu m; the filter component comprises a filter disc and a filter disc supporting gasket, a groove for accommodating the filter component is formed in one side, facing the tank body, of the tank body end socket, the filter disc and the filter disc supporting gasket are sequentially stacked in the groove, and the filter disc supporting gasket is fixedly connected with the side wall of the groove, so that the filter component is arranged on the tank body end socket.
In one embodiment, the airway tube is a porous tube.
The utility model has the advantages that:
1. the metal hydride hydrogen storage tank provided by the utility model has a simple structure and is easy to manufacture and process;
2. the metal hydride hydrogen storage tank provided by the utility model can effectively prevent the hydrogen storage alloy from gathering to the bottom of the hydrogen storage tank due to volume expansion/shrinkage in the repeated hydrogen absorption and release process, avoid tank deformation and rupture of the hydrogen storage tank caused by the gathering and overlarge stress of the hydrogen storage alloy, and improve the use safety and the service life of the hydrogen storage tank.
3. The utility model separates the hydrogen storage alloy into a plurality of layers through the metal disc and the metal foam cylinder, can greatly improve the heat transfer efficiency in the metal hydride hydrogen storage tank, increase the hydrogen absorption and desorption rate, complete the hydrogen absorption and desorption process in a shorter time and increase the hydrogen absorption and desorption speed.
4. The utility model increases the hydrogen channel by penetrating the gas guide pipe into the hydrogen storage alloy, is convenient for flowing outside the hydrogen storage alloy and the tank body, and further increases the speed of absorbing and releasing hydrogen.
5. According to the utility model, two foam cylinders between adjacent metal discs are arranged at intervals, and hydrogen storage alloy is filled in the foam cylinders and the intervals of the foam cylinders, so that the filling space of the hydrogen storage alloy is enlarged, the filling quantity of the hydrogen storage alloy is increased, and the hydrogen storage quantity of the hydrogen storage tank is increased.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present utility model or the technical solutions of the prior art, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present utility model, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the present utility model;
FIG. 2 is a top view of the structure of the metal disc of the present utility model;
FIG. 3 is a top view of the metal foam cartridge of the present utility model;
FIG. 4 is a top view of the structure of the filter support gasket of the present utility model;
wherein: the gas storage device comprises a gas valve 1, a tank body seal head 2, a filter sheet 3, a filter sheet supporting gasket 4, a gas guide pipe 5, a metal foam cylinder 6, a metal disc 7, a hydrogen storage alloy 8, a tank body 9, a tank bottom 10, a first central hole 11, a disc air hole 12, a vent hole 13 and a second central hole 14.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present utility model will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present utility model, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the utility model without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the utility model.
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present utility model will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the utility model will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings and appended detailed description.
As shown in fig. 1-4, the utility model discloses a low-cost metal hydride hydrogen storage tank with high hydrogen absorption and desorption speed, which comprises a tank gas valve 1, a tank body end socket 2, a filtering component, an air duct 5, a metal foam cylinder 6, a metal disc 7, a hydrogen storage alloy 8 and a tank body 9.
As shown in figure 1, one end of a tank body 9 is provided with an opening, the opening end is fixedly connected with a tank body sealing head 2, the other end opposite to the tank body sealing head 2 is a tank bottom 10, so that the tank body 9 forms a closed air storage tank, the thickness of the tank body sealing head 2 is 10 mm-20 mm, the thickness of the tank bottom 10 is 5 mm-10 mm, the outer diameter of the tank body 9 is 100-400 mm, the total height of the tank body 9 is 400-1500 mm, and the side wall thickness is 4-10 mm. The thickness of the can bottom 10 should be not less than the thickness of the side wall of the can body 9 to strengthen the strength of the can bottom 10.
The gas valve 1 is positioned outside the tank body 9, one side, far away from the tank body 9, of the tank body end socket 2 is taken as the outer part of the tank body end socket 2, and the gas valve 1 is connected to the outer part of the tank body end socket 2 through a screw interface. The filter component comprises a filter disc 3 and a filter disc supporting gasket 4, the other side opposite to the outside of the tank body seal head 2 is the inside of the tank body seal head 2, the filter component is positioned inside the tank body seal head 2, a groove for accommodating the filter component is formed in one side (the inside of the tank body seal head 2) of the tank body seal head 2, the filter disc 3 and the filter disc supporting gasket 4 are sequentially stacked in the groove, and the filter disc supporting gasket 4 is fixedly connected with the side wall of the groove, so that the filter disc is arranged on the tank body seal head 2. In one embodiment, the groove side wall of the tank body end enclosure 2 is provided with internal threads, the filter piece supporting gasket 4 is provided with external threads, and the filter piece supporting gasket 4 is fixedly connected with the tank body end enclosure 2 through threads. In other embodiments, the groove side walls of the tank head 2 are welded to the filter support gasket 4, so that the filter support gasket 4 is fixed to the tank head 2 by welding.
As shown in fig. 1, a plurality of hydrogen storage units are sequentially filled in the tank body, each hydrogen storage unit is filled with hydrogen storage alloy 8, the hydrogen storage units are sequentially and tightly attached to each other, a cavity is reserved between each hydrogen storage unit adjacent to the tank body end socket and the tank body end socket, and a metal disc 7 is fixedly arranged in the cavity, so that displacement of the hydrogen storage units is effectively prevented. The gas-guide pipe 5 penetrates through all the hydrogen storage units, so that the hydrogen flow of the hydrogen storage units is facilitated. The metal hydride hydrogen storage tank has a simple structure and is easy to realize industrial production.
Further, the hydrogen storage unit comprises two metal foam cylinders 6, a metal disc 7 and a hydrogen storage alloy 8 which are arranged at intervals, the two metal foam cylinders 6 and the tank body 9 which are arranged at intervals are surrounded to form a cavity for containing the hydrogen storage alloy 8, the hydrogen storage alloy 8 is filled in the holes of the metal foam cylinders 6 and the cavity, and the metal disc 7 is arranged on one side, far away from the tank bottom, of the metal foam cylinders 6. The hydrogen storage alloy 8 is separated into a plurality of layers by the metal foam cylinder 6 and the metal disc 7, so that the damage to the tank body 9 caused by the accumulation effect generated by the hydrogen storage alloy 8 after the hydrogen is absorbed and released for a plurality of times is avoided.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the hydrogen storage unit is divided into one metal disc 7, two metal foam cylinders 6, and a hydrogen storage alloy filled between the two metal foam cylinders 6 in the direction from the tank bottom 10 toward the tank body closure 2.
In other embodiments, the hydrogen storage unit disposed near the bottom of the tank 9 includes two metal foam cylinders 6 and a hydrogen storage alloy 8 disposed at intervals, with one of the metal foam cylinders 6 being in direct contact with the bottom wall of the tank 9. That is, the hydrogen storage unit arranged near the bottom of the tank body 9 omits the metal disc 7 relative to other hydrogen storage units, simplifies the structure inside the hydrogen storage tank, lightens the weight of the hydrogen storage tank, and the metal foam cylinder 6 bears the expansion stress generated by the hydrogen absorption of the hydrogen storage alloy 8.
As shown in fig. 1, the outer diameters of the metal foam cylinder 6 and the metal disc 7 are slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the tank body 9, the shapes are consistent, and the metal foam cylinder 6 and the metal disc 7 are in clearance fit, so that the metal foam cylinder 6 and the metal disc 7 are conveniently installed in the tank body 9 on one hand, and on the other hand, the rapid heat conduction of the metal foam cylinder 6, the metal disc 7 and the tank body 9 can be ensured, and the hydrogen absorption and desorption rate of the hydrogen storage tank is improved. Wherein, the outer diameter of the metal foam cylinder 6 and the metal disc 7 is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the tank 9, which means that the outer diameter of the metal foam cylinder 6 and the metal disc 7 is equal to the standard value of the inner diameter of the tank 9, but gaps exist between the metal foam cylinder 6 and the tank 9 and between the metal disc 7 and the tank 9, so that the metal foam cylinder 6 and the metal disc 7 can be installed in the tank 9 under the action of gravity.
In order to avoid a large displacement of the hydrogen storage unit in the tank body 9, the use of the hydrogen storage tank is affected. A metal disc 7 is additionally arranged on one side, adjacent to the tank body end socket, of the hydrogen storage unit, close to the tank body end socket 2, and the metal disc 7 is fixedly connected with the inner wall of the tank body 9, so that the hydrogen storage unit is prevented from moving in the transportation and use processes.
In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the metal disc 7 disposed between the tank end closure 2 and the top hydrogen storage unit (i.e., the hydrogen storage unit adjacent to the tank end closure) is welded to the inner wall of the tank 9, so that the metal disc 7 is fixedly connected to the tank to prevent the hydrogen storage unit from being displaced. In other embodiments, the metal disc 7 disposed between the tank end enclosure 2 and the top hydrogen storage unit (i.e., the hydrogen storage unit adjacent to the tank end enclosure) and the inner wall of the tank 9 may also be fixed by interference fit, so as to prevent displacement of the hydrogen storage unit.
To ensure the heat conducting effect of the metal disc 7, in one embodiment the metal disc 7 is a copper sheet. In other embodiments, the metal disc 7 may be made of any heat conductive metal material such as aluminum, aluminum alloy, or copper alloy.
As shown in fig. 1-2, the thickness of the metal disc 7 is 0.3-0.5 mm, a plurality of disc air holes 12 are formed in the metal disc 7, the plurality of disc air holes 12 are distributed at equal intervals along the radial direction, and the diameter of the disc air holes 12 is 1-5 mm, so that hydrogen can flow between hydrogen storage units conveniently. The metal disc 7 can effectively improve the heat transfer efficiency in the hydrogen storage tank, so as to improve the hydrogen absorption and desorption rate and the service efficiency of the hydrogen storage tank; the disc air holes 12 are formed in the metal disc 7, so that the hydrogen passing efficiency can be improved, and the heat transfer efficiency can be improved.
Further, as shown in fig. 1, the metal foam cylinder 6 is made of a special metal material containing foam pores, such as copper foam. In order to increase the filling amount of the hydrogen storage alloy 8, the height of the metal foam cylinder 6 does not exceed the radius of the tank body 9, the metal foam cylinder 6 can relieve the stress generated by expansion of the hydrogen storage alloy, and meanwhile, foam gaps can contain the hydrogen storage alloy particles, so that a large amount of particles are prevented from accumulating, and the influence of alloy accumulation on the hydrogen absorption and desorption speed and stress concentration is avoided. However, too much hydrogen storage alloy 8 filled between the metal foam cylinders 6 cannot sufficiently absorb the stress generated by expansion of the hydrogen storage alloy, so that the height of the hydrogen storage alloy between adjacent metal foam cylinders 6 should be controlled to be 2-3 times that of the metal foam cylinders 6.
Further, the hydrogen storage alloy 8 is one or more of rare earth AB5 type, titanium AB type and titanium AB2 type hydrogen storage alloy, the grain size range of the hydrogen storage alloy 8 is 0.1 mm-1 mm, and 2% mass fraction of expanded graphite is mixed in the hydrogen storage alloy 8 for improving the heat transfer rate.
Further, the can 9 is an aluminum alloy seamless pipe or a stainless steel seamless pipe.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 to 3, the air duct 5 is located at the center of the metal disc 7, the air duct 5 is a stainless steel porous tube, and the diameter of the air duct 5 is 4 mm-10 mm. The center of the metal disc 7 is provided with a first center hole 11, the center of the metal foam cylinder 6 is provided with a second center hole 14, the air duct 5 penetrates through the metal foam cylinder 6 and the metal disc 7 through the first center hole 11 and the second center hole 14, and the hydrogen storage alloy 8 is naturally accumulated on the metal foam cylinder. The diameters of the first central hole 11 and the second central hole 14 are slightly larger than the diameter of the air duct 5, so that the metal foam cylinder 6 and the metal disc 7 are in clearance fit with the air duct 5 respectively, and the air duct 5 conveniently penetrates through the metal foam cylinder 6 and the metal disc 7. In order to stabilize the air duct 5, the metal disc 7 closest to the tank end socket is welded and fixed with the air duct 5. In other embodiments, the metal disc 7 closest to the tank end may also be fixed by an interference fit with the air duct 5 through a second central hole 14 in the metal disc 7.
Further, the filter 3 is a stainless steel sintered body, specifically a metal round sheet structure processed by a metallurgy mode, the diameter of the filter 3 is 10 mm-50 mm, and the porosity of the filter 3 is 1 μm-5 μm. The filter disc 3 can achieve the purpose of rapid input and output of hydrogen, and meanwhile, the porosity of the filter disc 3 is 1-5 mu m, so that the effect of filtering the hydrogen storage material can be guaranteed, and the hydrogen storage capacity of the hydrogen storage tank is prevented from being reduced due to the fact that the hydrogen storage material flows out along with air flow when releasing hydrogen.
Further, as shown in fig. 1 and 4, the filter supporting pad 4 has a hollow structure, and the filter 3 is placed in the hollow portion, and the filter supporting pad 4 is connected with the tank body end enclosure 2 so that the filter 3 is disposed in a space formed by the hollow portion and the tank body end enclosure 2, thereby disposing the filter 3 on the tank body end enclosure 2. The bottom surface of the filter piece supporting gasket 4 is provided with a plurality of ventilation holes 13, the diameter of each ventilation hole 13 is smaller than that of the air duct 5, the end part of the air duct 5 is propped against the bottom surface of the filter piece supporting gasket 4, and hydrogen circulates through the ventilation holes 13.
Further, the distance between the hydrogen storage unit adjacent to the tank body end enclosure 2 and the tank body end enclosure 2 is 20-40 mm, and a cavity formed by the tank body end enclosure 2 and the metal disc 7 on one side of the hydrogen storage unit is used for connecting the filter disc 3, the support gasket 4 and the tank body end enclosure 2.
As shown in figure 1, the method for manufacturing the hydrogen storage tank in the utility model comprises the steps of sequentially placing a metal disc 7 and a metal foam cylinder 6 into a tank body 9, sequentially inserting an air duct 5 into a second central hole 14 of the metal foam cylinder 6 and a first central hole 11 of the metal disc 7, filling hydrogen storage alloy on the metal foam cylinder 6 and vibrating to enable part of the hydrogen storage alloy to be filled into the metal foam cylinder 6, finally enabling the height of the hydrogen storage alloy to be 2-3 times that of the metal foam cylinder 6, placing the metal foam cylinder 6 into the tank body 9, thus completing filling of one hydrogen storage unit, repeatedly performing the filling process until filling of all the hydrogen storage units is completed, placing the metal disc 7 at one side of the last hydrogen storage unit close to a tank body seal head 2 and welding the metal disc 7 with the tank body, and placing a filter disc support gasket 4 at the joint of the second central hole 14 after completion, spirally connecting or welding the support gasket 4 with the tank body 2, after connection completion, performing gas seal head welding on the tank body 2 and the tank body 9, and completing hydrogen storage seal head 2 welding.
According to the utility model, the hydrogen storage alloy 8 is filled in the gaps in the metal foam cylinder 6, so that the hydrogen absorption and release speed of the hydrogen storage alloy 8 is greatly prevented from being reduced due to compaction of the hydrogen storage alloy 8 in the tank 9; meanwhile, the stress generated by the hydrogen absorption expansion of the hydrogen storage alloy 8 can be fully absorbed by the metal foam cylinder 6, so that the damage of the hydrogen storage tank body caused by the hydrogen absorption expansion of the hydrogen storage alloy 8 and the self-compaction effect of repeated hydrogen absorption and desorption is avoided, and the safety of the hydrogen storage tank is improved; and the layered structure of the metal disc 7 ensures the rapid conduction of heat and improves the hydrogen absorption and desorption efficiency of the metal hydride hydrogen storage tank.
In one embodiment, the metal hydride hydrogen storage tank body 9 is made of stainless steel, has an outer diameter of 187.5mm, a wall thickness of 6.5mm, an inner cavity length of 565mm and a volume of 13.5L. The hydrogen storage alloy 8 filled in the metal hydride hydrogen storage tank is TiFe type hydrogen storage alloy, the mass hydrogen storage density is 1.7wt%, and 50.6kg of hydrogen storage alloy is filled. The center of the metal hydride hydrogen storage tank is provided with an air duct 5 which is a stainless steel porous pipe, the filtering precision is 2.5 mu m, the outer diameter is 10mm, the wall thickness is 2mm, and the length is 560mm. The outer diameter of the metal disc 7 was 174.5mm, which was 1mm thick as the inner diameter of the can 9. The metal foam cylinder 6 is copper foam, has a thickness of 15mm and an outer diameter of 174.5mm, and has a hole with a diameter of 10mm in the center. The central hole of the metal foam cylinder 6 passes through the air duct 5 and is placed on the metal disc 7, supported by the metal disc 7. The metal disc 7 and the metal foam cylinder 6 are installed, the hydrogen storage alloy 8 is filled to the height of 40mm, and then the metal foam cylinder 6 is covered, so that the filling of the hydrogen storage unit is completed. And repeating the filling of the hydrogen storage units until all the hydrogen storage units are filled, putting a metal disc 7 at one side of the last hydrogen storage unit close to the tank body seal head 2 and welding the metal disc 7 with the tank body 9 after the filling of the last hydrogen storage unit is completed, and welding the tank body seal head 2 with the tank body 9. Finally, a gas valve 1 is installed, a filter 3 is arranged on the tank body end enclosure 2, the filter 3 is a stainless steel sintered body, and the filtering precision is 0.5 mu m.
The division of the hydrogen storage unit is not limited to one metal disc 7, two metal foam cylinders 6, and a hydrogen storage alloy filled between the two metal foam cylinders 6 in the direction from the tank bottom 10 toward the tank body closure 2 as shown in fig. 1. The division of the hydrogen storage unit may also be one metal disc 7, two metal foam cylinders 6 and hydrogen storage alloy filled between the two metal foam cylinders 6 in the direction from the tank body end enclosure 2 to the tank bottom 10, where the metal disc 7 of the hydrogen storage unit is disposed on the side of the metal foam cylinder 6 close to the tank body end enclosure 2, and one of the metal foam cylinders 6 of the hydrogen storage unit disposed closest to the tank bottom 10 is in direct contact with the bottom wall (i.e., the tank bottom 10) of the tank body 9. The metal foam cylinder 6 is in direct contact with the tank bottom 10, so that one metal disc 7 can be reduced, the structure inside the hydrogen storage tank is simplified, the weight of the hydrogen storage tank is lightened, and the metal foam cylinder 6 bears expansion stress generated by hydrogen absorption of the hydrogen storage alloy 8. In order to increase the strength of the tank bottom 10, a metal disc 7 may be installed in the tank body before the hydrogen storage unit is installed, so that the metal foam cylinder 6 and the metal disc 7 bear expansion stress generated by hydrogen absorption of the hydrogen storage alloy 8 together, and the metal disc 7 plays a role in buffering the tank bottom 10, so that the hydrogen storage tank is not easy to damage.
The present utility model is not limited to the above embodiments, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily understood by those skilled in the art within the scope of the present utility model are intended to be included in the scope of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. The metal hydride hydrogen storage tank with high hydrogen absorption and desorption speed is characterized by comprising a gas valve (1), a tank body seal head (2), a filtering component, an air duct (5), a plurality of metal foam cylinders (6), a plurality of metal discs (7), a hydrogen storage alloy (8) and a tank body (9); one end of the tank body (9) is opened, the tank body end socket (2) is arranged at the opening of the tank body (9), the gas valve (1) and the filtering component are arranged at the tank body end socket (2), the gas guide pipe (5), the metal foam cylinder (6), the metal disc (7) and the hydrogen storage alloy (8) are arranged in the tank body, the metal foam cylinder (6) and the metal disc (7) divide the hydrogen storage alloy into a plurality of layers, and the gas guide pipe (5) is arranged between the hydrogen storage alloy in a penetrating way;
the hydrogen storage device is characterized in that the tank body (9) is sequentially filled with a plurality of hydrogen storage units, each hydrogen storage unit comprises two metal foam cylinders (6), two metal discs (7) and two hydrogen storage alloys (8) which are arranged at intervals, the metal foam cylinders (6) arranged at intervals and the tank body are surrounded to form a cavity for containing the hydrogen storage alloys (8), and the hydrogen storage alloys (8) are filled in the holes of the metal foam cylinders (6) and the cavity.
2. A metal hydride hydrogen storage canister with a fast hydrogen absorption and desorption rate according to claim 1, characterized in that a metal disc (7) is provided on one side of the metal foam cylinder (6), whereby the metal foam cylinder (6) and the metal disc (7) divide the hydrogen storage alloy into several layers.
3. A fast hydrogen absorption and desorption metal hydride hydrogen storage tank according to claim 2 wherein the hydrogen storage unit near the bottom of the tank body (9) comprises two spaced apart metal foam cylinders (6) and a hydrogen storage alloy (8), wherein one metal foam cylinder (6) is in direct contact with the bottom wall of the tank body (9).
4. The metal hydride hydrogen storage tank with high hydrogen absorption and desorption speed according to claim 2, wherein the outer diameter of the metal disc (7) is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the tank body (9), and the metal disc (7) arranged at one end close to the tank body end socket is fixedly connected with the tank body (9).
5. A metal hydride hydrogen storage tank with high hydrogen absorption and desorption speed according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the outer diameter of the metal foam cylinder (6) is slightly smaller than the inner diameter of the tank body (9), the height is not larger than the radius of the tank body (9), and the metal foam cylinder (6) and the tank body (9) are in clearance fit.
6. A metal hydride hydrogen storage tank with high hydrogen absorption and desorption speed according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the hydrogen storage alloy (8) is freely piled on the metal foam cylinders (6) and vibrated to enable part of the hydrogen storage alloy (8) to be filled into the pores of the metal foam cylinders (6), and the height of the hydrogen storage alloy (8) piled between the metal foam cylinders (6) is 2-3 times that of the metal foam cylinders (6).
7. The metal hydride hydrogen storage tank with high hydrogen absorption and desorption speed according to claim 2, wherein a first central hole (11) for penetrating the air duct (5) is formed in the center of the metal disc (7), a second central hole (14) for penetrating the air duct (5) is formed in the center of the metal foam cylinder (6), and the air duct (5) penetrates through the first central hole (11) and the second central hole (14) so as to be arranged in the tank body (9).
8. The metal hydride hydrogen storage tank with high hydrogen absorption and desorption speed according to claim 7, wherein the metal disc (7) arranged near one end of the tank body end socket is fixedly connected with the air duct (5).
9. The metal hydride hydrogen storage tank with high hydrogen absorption and desorption speed according to claim 1, wherein the filter assembly comprises a filter disc (3) and a filter disc supporting gasket (4), a groove for accommodating the filter assembly is formed in one side of a tank body seal head (2) facing a tank body (9), the filter disc (3) and the filter disc supporting gasket (4) are sequentially stacked in the groove, and the filter disc supporting gasket (4) is fixedly connected with the side wall of the groove, so that the filter assembly is arranged on the tank body seal head (2); the filter plate (3) is a stainless steel sintered body, and the filtering precision is 0.5-5 mu m.
10. The metal hydride hydrogen storage tank with high hydrogen absorption and desorption speed according to claim 1, wherein the gas guide tube (5) is a porous tube.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118205835A (en) * | 2024-04-07 | 2024-06-18 | 靖江市亚泰物流装备有限公司 | Modularized container for storing solid materials |
| CN119435974A (en) * | 2024-11-11 | 2025-02-14 | 中电工研(徐州)氢能源科技有限公司 | A hydrogen storage device based on triple periodic minimal surfaces suitable for hydrogen storage alloy materials |
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2023
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN118205835A (en) * | 2024-04-07 | 2024-06-18 | 靖江市亚泰物流装备有限公司 | Modularized container for storing solid materials |
| CN119435974A (en) * | 2024-11-11 | 2025-02-14 | 中电工研(徐州)氢能源科技有限公司 | A hydrogen storage device based on triple periodic minimal surfaces suitable for hydrogen storage alloy materials |
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