CN221198679U - A cold end structure and infrared detector - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of infrared detectors, and particularly relates to a cold end structure and an infrared detector. According to the utility model, the elastic piece is arranged on the outer side of the cold screen, the top end of the elastic piece is connected with the outer wall of the cold screen, and the bottom end of the elastic piece is connected with the bottom of the cold screen or the refrigerating component, so that the cold screen can be well supported, and in the large-magnitude impact and vibration process, the elastic piece can well absorb energy brought by the impact, and the stability and reliability of the structure are improved.

Description

A cold end structure and infrared detector

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of infrared detectors, and in particular relates to a cold end structure and an infrared detector.

Background technique

Infrared detectors are the core components of infrared technology and the forerunner of infrared technology development. Infrared detectors are widely used in civil and military fields such as missile guidance, space exploration, early warning satellites and reconnaissance.

The cold screen is an important component of the refrigerated infrared detector. Its main function is to limit the field of view, suppress background radiation and stray light, and thus improve the performance and imaging effect of the infrared detector. The existing cold screen is generally bonded to the ceramic substrate, with a large thermal resistance, and the cold screen is made of thin-walled parts, which takes a long time to cool down, affecting the imaging quality and imaging time of the detector. The existing technology generally uses rigid column support for heat conduction. Due to the characteristics of the thin-walled cold screen (generally about 0.1mm), the structure may be damaged in applications with large-scale vibration and impact, and the mechanical reliability is not strong.

Utility Model Content

In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a cold end structure and an infrared detector to improve the stability and reliability of the structure.

To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the utility model is a cold end structure of an infrared detector, including a refrigeration component and a cold screen arranged on the refrigeration component, an elastic part is arranged on the outside of the cold screen, the bottom end of the elastic part is connected to the bottom of the cold screen or the refrigeration component, and the top end of the elastic part extends to connect with the outer wall of the cold screen.

As one of the implementation modes, the elastic member is an elastic heat-conducting bridge.

As one of the implementation modes, there are a plurality of elastic members, which are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the cold shield.

As one of the implementation modes, the elastic member is spirally wrapped around the outer side of the cold shield.

As one of the implementation modes, the refrigeration component includes a throttling refrigerator, and the bottom of the cold screen is fixed on the throttling refrigerator; when the bottom end of the elastic member is connected to the refrigeration component, the elastic member is connected to the top surface of the throttling refrigerator.

As one of the implementation modes, the throttling cooler is a MEMS throttling cooler, the refrigeration component further includes a semiconductor cooler, and the throttling cooler is fixedly mounted on the semiconductor cooler.

As one of the implementation modes, the top end of the elastic member is connected to the middle portion of the cold shield.

As one of the implementation modes, two ends of the elastic member are respectively welded or bonded to corresponding connecting parts.

As one of the implementation modes, the elastic heat-conducting bridge is made of copper alloy.

The utility model also provides an infrared detector, including a chip and a cold end structure as described in any one of the above items, wherein the chip is arranged in the cold screen, and the chip is pasted on a heat conductive block, and the heat conductive block is fixed on the refrigeration component.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following beneficial effects:

(1) The utility model provides an elastic member on the outside of the cold screen, connects the top end of the elastic member to the outer wall of the cold screen, and connects the bottom end to the bottom of the cold screen or the refrigeration component, which not only can provide a good support for the cold screen, but also can absorb the energy brought by the impact well during a large number of impacts and vibrations, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the structure;

(2) The elastic part of the utility model can be an elastic heat-conducting bridge. Based on the thermal conductivity of the cold screen body itself, it can effectively increase the heat conduction path, improve the speed and efficiency of the cold screen to conduct heat upward, thereby improving the cooling rate of the cold screen and ensuring fast imaging and high-quality imaging of the infrared detector.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the utility model or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the utility model. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

FIG1 is a schematic diagram of a cold end structure of an infrared detector provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

FIG2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an infrared detector provided by an embodiment of the utility model;

In the figure: 1. cold screen; 2. elastic part; 3. throttling refrigerator; 4. semiconductor refrigerator; 5. chip; 6. heat conduction block; 7. outer shell; 8. window frame; 9. window piece; 10. exhaust pipe.

Detailed ways

The following will be combined with the drawings in the embodiments of the utility model to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the utility model, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the utility model, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the utility model.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "up", "down", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc., indicating the orientation or position relationship are based on the orientation or position relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present invention.

The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features; in the description of the present utility model, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

Embodiment 1

As shown in Fig. 1, this embodiment provides a cold end structure of an infrared detector, including a refrigeration component and a cold screen 1 arranged on the refrigeration component, an elastic member 2 is arranged on the outside of the cold screen 1, the bottom end of the elastic member 2 is connected to the bottom of the cold screen 1 or the refrigeration component, and the top end of the elastic member 2 is extended to be connected to the outer wall of the cold screen 1. This embodiment provides an elastic member 2 on the outside of the cold screen 1, and connects the top end of the elastic member 2 to the outer wall of the cold screen 1, and the bottom end is connected to the bottom of the cold screen 1 or the refrigeration component, which can not only provide a good support for the cold screen 1, but also the elastic member 2 can well absorb the energy brought by the impact during a large number of shocks and vibrations, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the structure.

In one embodiment, the elastic member 2 is an elastic heat-conducting bridge. Since the elastic heat-conducting bridge can conduct heat between its two ends, the elastic heat-conducting bridge can effectively increase the heat-conducting path based on the thermal conductivity of the cold shield 1 body itself, and improve the speed and efficiency of the cold shield 1 conducting cold upwards, thereby improving the cooling rate of the cold shield 1 and ensuring fast imaging and high-quality imaging of the infrared detector.

In this embodiment, the elastic heat-conducting bridge is made of a material with good thermal conductivity, so as to ensure the thermal conductivity of the elastic heat-conducting bridge. Preferably, the elastic heat-conducting bridge is made of a copper alloy with good thermal conductivity.

In one of the embodiments, the elastic member 2 is spirally wrapped around the outside of the cold screen 1, which can not only absorb the energy brought by the impact when the cold screen is subjected to a large-scale impact or vibration, but also increase the stability of the structure. When the elastic member 2 is an elastic thermal bridge, the heat conduction path can be further increased to improve the cooling rate of the cold screen 1.

The above embodiment is optimized, where there are multiple elastic members 2 and they are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the cold screen 1, which can further improve the stability and reliability of the cold end structure. When the elastic member 2 is an elastic thermal bridge, the thermal conduction path can be further increased, thereby improving the cooling rate of the cold screen 1.

In one embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 , the cold shield 1 is in the shape of a prism; in another embodiment, the cold shield 1 is in the shape of a truncated cone.

In one embodiment, the refrigeration assembly includes a throttling refrigerator 3, and the bottom of the cold shield 1 is fixed on the throttling refrigerator 3; when the bottom end of the elastic member 2 is connected to the refrigeration assembly, the elastic member 2 is connected to the top surface of the throttling refrigerator 3. The throttling refrigerator 3 is used to cool the cold shield 1 and the chip 5 and other devices. The cooling time of the cold shield 1 is short, and the imaging time of the detector is short, generally 5s-15s, and the thermal mass of the cold shield 1 can be greatly reduced.

In this embodiment, the throttling cooler 3 can be a MEMS throttling cooler or a fin-tube throttling cooler. When the throttling cooler 3 is a MEMS throttling cooler, the top surface of the throttling cooler 3 refers to the topmost cover plate of the MEMS throttling cooler; when the throttling cooler 3 is a fin-tube throttling cooler, the top surface of the throttling cooler refers to a cold plate or a ceramic substrate.

Furthermore, the refrigeration assembly further includes a semiconductor refrigerator 4, and the throttling refrigerator 3 is fixed on the semiconductor refrigerator 4. The semiconductor refrigerator 4 is used to cool the throttling refrigerator 3 to avoid affecting the performance of the infrared detector due to insufficient cooling capacity and uneven cooling capacity distribution of the throttling refrigerator 3, and the semiconductor refrigerator 4 can also support the throttling refrigerator 3, the chip 5, the cold screen 1 and other devices.

The above embodiment is optimized, and the top of the elastic member 2 is connected to the middle part of the cold screen 1, so that the elastic member 2 can provide better support for the cold screen 1, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the structure, and the elastic member 2 can also provide certain constraints on the upper part of the cold screen 1, thereby preventing the cold screen 1 from structural deformation due to uneven heating; when the elastic member 2 is an elastic thermal bridge, it can also avoid the situation where the elastic thermal bridge is too long and the thermal conductivity efficiency is reduced.

In one embodiment, the two ends of the elastic member 2 are respectively welded to the corresponding connection parts, and specifically, they can be fixed by soldering; in another embodiment, the two ends of the elastic member 2 are respectively bonded to the corresponding connection parts, and specifically, they can be fixed by thermal silicone bonding, so as to improve the thermal conductivity while ensuring the installation reliability of the elastic member 2.

Embodiment 2

As shown in Fig. 2, this embodiment provides an infrared detector, including a chip 5 and a cold end structure provided in the first embodiment, wherein the chip 5 is arranged in the cold shield 1, and the chip 5 is pasted on a heat conductive block, and the heat conductive block is fixed on the refrigeration assembly. Due to the use of the cold end structure provided in the first embodiment, the elastic member 2 can well absorb the energy brought by the impact during a large number of level impacts and vibrations, thereby improving the stability and reliability of the structure.

In order to ensure the imaging effect of the infrared detector, it is necessary to ensure that the chip 5, the cold shield 1 and other components are cooled to the corresponding temperature at the same time. Generally, while ensuring the cooling of the chip 5, the top of the cold shield 1 needs to be cooled to below 200K. In this embodiment, by designing the elastic part 2 as an elastic thermal bridge, the heat conduction path can be effectively increased, the cooling speed and efficiency of the top of the cold shield 1 are improved, and the top of the cold shield 1 is ensured to be cooled to the corresponding temperature.

In this embodiment, the refrigeration assembly is encapsulated in a housing 7. The housing 7 is connected to an exhaust pipe 10. The throttling refrigerator 3 refrigerates to generate a cold fluid, and the cold fluid exchanges heat with the hot fluid so that the hot fluid reaches a stable refrigeration temperature. After completing the heat exchange with the hot fluid, the cold fluid is finally discharged through the exhaust pipe 10.

Furthermore, a window assembly is fixed on the housing 7, and the cold shield 1 and the chip 5 are packaged in the window assembly. The window assembly includes a window frame 8 and a window sheet 9 arranged on the top of the window frame 8, the window sheet 9 and the window frame 8 are connected by soldering, and the window frame 8 and the housing 7 are laser welded; the window frame 8 and the housing 7 can be gold-plated to further reduce radiation heat leakage.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A cold end structure of an infrared detector, comprising a refrigeration component and a cold screen arranged on the refrigeration component, characterized in that an elastic member is arranged on the outer side of the cold screen, the bottom end of the elastic member is connected to the bottom of the cold screen or the refrigeration component, and the top end of the elastic member extends to connect to the outer wall of the cold screen. 2. The cold end structure of the infrared detector as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the elastic member is an elastic heat-conducting bridge. 3. The cold end structure of the infrared detector according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: there are multiple elastic members, and they are arranged at intervals along the circumference of the cold shield. 4. The cold end structure of the infrared detector according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the elastic member is spirally wrapped around the outer side of the cold shield. 5. The cold end structure of the infrared detector as described in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: the refrigeration component includes a throttling refrigerator, and the bottom of the cold screen is fixed on the throttling refrigerator; when the bottom end of the elastic member is connected to the refrigeration component, the elastic member is connected to the top surface of the throttling refrigerator. 6. The cold end structure of the infrared detector as described in claim 5 is characterized in that: the throttling cooler is a MEMS throttling cooler, the refrigeration component also includes a semiconductor cooler, and the throttling cooler is fixed on the semiconductor cooler. 7. The cold end structure of the infrared detector according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the top end of the elastic member is connected to the middle part of the cold shield. 8. The cold end structure of the infrared detector according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the two ends of the elastic member are respectively welded or bonded to the corresponding connecting parts. 9. The cold end structure of the infrared detector according to claim 2, characterized in that the elastic heat-conducting bridge is made of copper alloy. 10. An infrared detector, comprising a chip, characterized in that it also comprises the cold end structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the chip is arranged in the cold shield, and the chip is adhered to a heat conductive block, and the heat conductive block is fixedly arranged on the refrigeration component.