CN2218858Y - Valve - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a novel valve, and belongs to the valve manufacturing industry. The utility model is characterized in that the gate plate gate valve of the valve-in-valve with a guide bearing floating spherical surface valve seat is provided with a self-expansion reverse C-shaped metal sealing ring and is sheathed with a pre-inflated corrugated pipe which seals a cavity chamber, a combinatorial sphere float ball valve of the differential screw thread screwing self wedge type with a floating spherical surface valve seat and dual control sphere wedge, and a two stage throttling stop valve with a symmetric streamline valve body, internal bevel gear driving and a combinatorial valve clack, are respectively has the combination properties of obvious two-way hard sealing, small starting force, low abrasion, high-temperature resistance, pressure resistance, etc.

Description

Novel valve

Novel valve belongs to the valve manufacturing industry.

According to China Machine Press 1992, " the data explanations such as " design of stainless valve and manufacturings " that valve design handbook " valve products catalogue " and Atomic Energy Press published in 1987 of publishing respectively in 1993, the gate valve that prior art is produced, ball valve, throttling stop valve is used very wide, they respectively have its practical advantage, but because structure and technology aspects factor, there are a lot of defectives again separately, easy to wear as the gate valve flashboard, it is poor that ball valve seals anufacturability firmly, the main overcurrent sealing of the big High Temperature High Pressure of throttling stop valve flow resistance position distortional stress is inhomogeneous, often latus rectum can not be taken enough big etc., in view of these reasons, several valve and seal arrangements that the associated together feature is arranged of inventor's design, to improve the combination property of above-mentioned valve to a great extent, now be described as follows with literal and in conjunction with design principle figure:

One, as accompanying drawing 1, the novel spacing guided bearing sphere valve seat two-way hard seal that floats, valve in the checking-valve body function type division center gate valve, the suit closed chamber preacceleration inflation or the bellows of finding time in advance to make up, the self expansion type of the falling C thin superimposed packing seal wedge-type of metallic elastic circle Single disc gate valve is by 1 valve body, 2 valve gaps, 3 sphere valve seats, 4 gib blocks, 6 support plates, 6 locking nuts, 7 adjust double-screw bolt, valve flashboard in 8 valves, flap in 9,10 fixed plates, 11 valve rods, 12 ejectors, 13 " O " type circle, the chamber is pressed in 14 storages, 15 inner corrugated pipes, 16 outward corrugated tubes, 17 keys, 18 shapes of falling C circle, compositions such as 19 conventional fillers, line of fracture are above in the accompanying drawing handles the valve rod reciprocating mechanism by the prior art design, so omit.Utilize sphere can rotate principle arbitrarily, valve seat is by sphere * tiltedly sealing plane constitutes, dimensional accuracy is taken from by tolerance, get the assembling of fitting of floating with valve body, use material generally to get coloured or alloying metal, the non high temperature operating mode is also available as high-abrasive materials such as fluoroplastic, and metal seat valve is the machining fine finishing sealing surface again that also can first cold stamping be shaped generally; The horizontal both sides of valve plate non-tight face process the guiding groove that certain depth is parallel to vertical axis, and center, last following peripheral also processes corresponding groove and then has the Flexible disc function concurrently; Gib block and support plate strong bonded, flashboard and support plate angle of wedge manufacturability are joined and are done synchronous fine finishing; Assurance angle of wedge unanimity, angle is taken from by tolerance, and gib block and flashboard are got and are slidingly matched.Working principle: two-side supporting plate angle of wedge face fits on the valve seat of the left and right sides and the oblique parallel step surface of sealing plane, the compressing valve seat fits in the interior bevel sealing surface that directly processes on the valve body freely, (interior cone angle is generally got and is slightly larger than 90 °) also reserves slight clearance and wedge is not dead, and this gap is established structure in addition by valve gap or certain the adjusting double-screw bolt adjustable limiting that is contained in the gib block upper end is obtained; Flashboard is pumped by the gib block guiding; This design is only when approaching end of a period of valve closing and first the unlatching, flashboard just produces relative friction with valve seat, rest working conditions is spacing because of the supported plate of valve seat, flashboard does not contact with valve seat, and medium can only make flashboard guiding groove face produce with gib block to the active force of flashboard to rub, desirable difference of hardness between valve seat and flashboard in addition, the operating life that can greatly prolong the flashboard sealing surface of seat like this.Behind the valve closing, because flashboard applies the spin of wedging power and valve seat, the two-way hard seal that can realize ideal between flashboard and valve seat, valve seat and valve body so at last to valve seat.As shown in the figure, the elastic groove that the design of valve seat thrust step root is suitable, make valve seat produce micro-plastic deformation, can be compensated some defective workmanship between valve seat sphere and valve body inner conical surface, thereby reach fitting more closely between valve seat and valve body inner conical surface because of being subjected to wedge power.The design's the spacing guided bearing sphere bidirectional hard sealing structure that floats, technology capability is good, the sealability height, to be specially adapted to harsh operating modes such as High Temperature High Pressure far and away, and except that gate valve shown in the accompanying drawing, be equally applicable to general Wedge gate valve, as common wedge-type Single disc gate valve, double-flashboard center wedging type gate valve etc.

Two, as accompanying drawing 1, valve arrangement principle in the valve: Single disc itself is the enough desirable metal rigidity body of a geometrical shape, in order to give full play to its physical and mechanical properties; Flashboard non-tight working surface center is designed to similar in appearance to the runner and the interior sealing surface of seat of direct current or straight-through stop valve valve body functional structure, and this design is played simultaneously and is alleviated the effect of flashboard weight, just should get thicker accordingly by more conventional flashboard; Be processed into the flap valve rod section that is same as stop valve for one section by more conventional valve rod lengthening, it is spacing that the internal flap of a spacing fixed connection cover plate is adorned in the flashboard top, and the control valve rod is done the to-and-fro motion of needs in the flashboard axle center hole.During valve opening, open flashboard inner flow passage sealing surface earlier, this moment, for obtaining to try one's best considerable discharge value, flashboard turnover runner can be designed to half fan shape cross section because medium is pressed and flashboard deadweight flashboard is not worked, and control media has a certain amount of circulation; Continue to open, be adjacent to and drive the flashboard routine work that makes progress by interior flap and securing cover plate, can realize so more conventional valve wide many two-stage unlatching throttling ranges.Because internal valve opens earlier and released the pressure of a part of medium to flashboard, so action required moment is little, flashboard can obtain suitable improvement with the relative friction of valve seat; When if the medium instrument of required control is a certain small throughput, when being about 1/4th valve latus rectums, flashboard need not work at all, the operating life that can prolong gate valve largely undoubtedly.Valve arrangement is specially adapted to big latus rectum throttling range and requires wide occasion in this valve, and except that gate valve shown in the accompanying drawing, is equally applicable to general Single disc gate valve, as gate valves such as common Single disc wedge-type, Single disc parallel types.

Three, bellows is a kind of Leakless valve door seal device, and the bellows high voltage performance that prior art is used is poor, though measure such as armouring enhancing is arranged but still can not be fully up to expectations.The design's the suit closed chamber preacceleration inflation or the bellows arrangement of finding time in advance to make up, can make nearly one times of its withstand voltage raising, structure such as accompanying drawing 1: with the interior step periphery welding of a minor diameter bellows with the cover plate that up/down steps is arranged, be enclosed within the small corrugated pipe outside with a major diameter bellows again, get appropriate intervals, with step periphery welding in the cover plate, promptly form a closed chamber between the outward corrugated tube like this, and draw by cover plate suitable position boring, charge into certain pressure as required in advance or be evacuated to the certain vacuum degree; Cover plate side opening mouth or soldering and sealing or draw and connect control gear; Designing outer internal pressure type all can; The pressure medium that charges in advance should guarantee just in case tracheal rupture leaks into the absolute harmless principle that is in the pipeline, also can charge into a certain amount of light-water, the water vapor self that heats up during by valve working and cause in the closed chamber increases to certain pressure, just should strictly get according to the valve working temperature and charge into the water yield; Cause the closed chamber internal volume by compression when reducing the inner and outer pipes synchronous working and diminish, can set up the cover plate storage and press the chamber, to increase the actual volume of chamber.Be example and with rough mathematical concept explanation working principle with external-compression type suit bellows as shown in the figure now: the independent allowable working pressure of outward corrugated tube is all 160kg/cm in establishing ²(armouring strengthens, cm2 unit omits when mentioning below) inner and outer pipes at interval charges into the about 120kg of certain pressure medium in the chamber in advance, because of dwindling to press in causing, volume by compression increases to about 140kg, and Yin Gaowen causes interior pressure to increase to about 160kg again, press the pressure that acts on inner corrugated pipe to be 160kg in this moment, allowable; Press the pressure that acts on the outward corrugated tube inwall also to be 160kg simultaneously; If the valve pilot pressure is 300kg, the actual pressure that acts on the outward corrugated tube of medium should be 300-160=140kg so, and is allowable; When the unskilled labourer does, chamber inner pressure is the 120+ temperature rise 20=140kg that boosts, the pressure that then acts on the outward corrugated tube is 300-140=160kg, allowable, so actual withstand voltage 300kg that is about of inside and outside two-stage sleeve structure bellows, certainly these numerals extremely undemanding approximate estimate that only to be the design people make for principle of specification intuitively, engineering practicality charge in advance that force value should be controlled combined test such as real medium pressure according to the work decrement of chamber, actual temperature rise coefficient, valve and calculating obtains.Be used for high vacuum and then closed chamber be evacuated to the certain vacuum degree, principle is with the preliminary filling pressure type, and it is good just should getting internal pressure type.In addition, also the above pipe box dress of two-stage can be used, should strictly control the pressure gradient that charges into the pressure of force value in the chamber of intervals at different levels in advance when just designing if any special requirement; Perhaps as required, also can play the dual fail-safe seal action like this, as harsh operating modes such as deep-etching severe toxicity radioactivity with suit bellows interval chamber only with the atmospheric pressure state sealing.In a word, the design overlaps the assembling composite structure bellows can improve nearly multiplication of voltage and even higher by conventional pipe, and it will be widely used in general sylphon seal valve.

Four, packing seal is a most frequently used seal arrangement in the middle of the valve, but often stuffing box can not the abundant filler of closed assembly and is obtained desirable pretightening force, and the relative fretting wear with valve rod of filler is serious, the design's the self expansion shape of falling C approaches the superimposed stuffing box packing device of metallic elastic circle, the conventional fillers seal defect can be improved to a great extent, and better sealing effect can be obtained.As accompanying drawing 1 and accompanying drawing 6, technology and structural principle: the shape of falling C circle is made with coloured or the punching press of alloying metal light sheet material: blanking; Be drawn into inverted U-shaped; (or blanking stretching cow) reducing is risen mouthful and to be become the shape of falling C, guarantee the opening proper width, opening surface does not require smooth, helps pressure medium during with the assurance closed assembly and enters, for economical with materials can many specifications be applied mechanically processing, inside/outside diameter size should be got than the theoretical size reservation and press-fit magnitude of interference; When shaping, polishing, (preceding operation can be economized this operation as reaching perfect precision) were used, an amount of conventional fillers of packing between the every an amount of closed assembly shape of falling C circle should be noted on the assembly technology being used for the high pressure loop mouth towards control media, be used for vacuum then negate to; Every group of circle got in the same way, but should avoid opening surface not contact with conventional fillers.This circle has certain elasticity, so can evenly transmit pretightening force step by step; R face and valve rod are in theory only for line contacts in the circle, and relative friction coefficient is little, and stem wear and keying moment all can obtain better improvement; Because of the circle internal volume is big, do the time spent when being subjected to leaking into pressure medium, will produce two-way radial deformation, make inside and outside R face fit tightly with valve rod and stuffing box wall all the time, obtained from rising by self-styled ideal effect.This circle is specially adapted to operating modes such as High Temperature High Pressure high vacuum, also generally is applicable to general packing seal valve certainly.

Five, unsteady sphere valve seat two manipulation wedging spheroid of the design's novel spacing supporting or differential thread screw spheroid from wedge-type two-way hard seal floating ball valve, ball valve than the prior art manufacturing can be simplified technology difficulty to a great extent, and can obtain better sealing effect.Structure and working principle such as accompanying drawing 2 and accompanying drawing 3.Two manipulation ball valves such as accompanying drawing 2 its by: 1 valve body, 2 valve gaps, 3 spheroids, 4 sphere valve seats, 5 spacing support plates, 6 valve rods, 7 spur gears, 8 rack shafts, 9 keys, 10 coupling nuts, 11 are back and forth handled formations such as auxiliary valve rods, 12,14 bellowss, 13 round section joint rings; Upwards and beyond the rack shaft line of fracture partly connect prior art back and forth handles design to the auxiliary valve rod line of fracture, so omit; Valve shown in the accompanying drawing is an opening state, should be higher than a certain size of valve flowing channel axis in the spheroid center of circle, because of the breadth reason does not clearly illustrate; The rack shaft axis generally should be got perpendicular to runner and handle to make things convenient for valve, for making things convenient for diagrammatic sketch so get parallel in the accompanying drawing with runner.With accompanying drawing 1 gate valve sphere valve seat principle, just ball seat is made of outer spherical surface * inner cone sealed working face, the all desirable free tolerance processing of two sealed working face dimensional accuracies, but should guarantee the difference of hardness between bevel sealing surface in valve seat and spheroid and the valve body, the spheroid actual size should be got than the big a certain coefficient of theoretical size, guarantee that the spheroid center of circle is higher than valve body inner conical surface shaft coupling line, to obtain downward wedging of suitable spheroid and wearing and tearing storage level.During unlatching, handling spheroid by auxiliary valve rod earlier moves upward, all with the spheroid center of circle have an in opposite directions non-coaxial line distance and valve seat deadweight spin because of the two valve seat sphere centers of circle this moment, so spheroid and valve seat will produce slight clearance, handling spheroid by rack shaft again rotarily opens, after closing, handle spheroid and valve seat is applied wedging power downwards, the spin of compressing valve seat causes spheroid sphere and valve seat inner conical surface, valve seat outer spherical surface and valve body inner conical surface all to fit tightly with the line contact condition; As figure as show that the valve seat suitable position processes elastic groove, then the two way sealed effect is more reliable when being used for operating mode such as High Temperature High Pressure; For preventing that spheroid when rotation from driving the valve seat along continuous straight runs and rotating, can design by get spot welding or more easily mode be fixed between the two ends R of two spacing support plates of valve body inboard and get the big gap point that floats with valve seat and contact, to limit horizontally rotating of valve seat.Two maneuverability patterns of handling spheroid wedging type floating ball valve of the design, as use the prior art packing seal, then desirable gear, bevel gear, worm gear pair etc.; Sylphon seal as shown in Figure 2 is by more being applicable to harsh operating mode; The complexity that this structure ball valve has increased operating mechanism is a defective, but will be applicable to more that High Temperature High Pressure than scopes such as big latus rectums, is used for not having much practical significances on the little latus rectum occasion engineering.

Six, in order to simplify the manipulation complexity, and acquisition spheroid wedging sealing function, desirable the design's structure as shown in Figure 3, differential thread screw spheroid from the wedge-type floating ball valve by formations such as 1 valve body, 2 valve gaps, 3 valve rods, 4 differential nuts, 5 locking nuts, 6 spheroids, 7 spacing support plates, 8 sphere valve seats, 9 conventional fillers, 10 shapes of falling C circle, 11 round section joint rings; Valve rod cuts off the above enchashment of line in the accompanying drawing the design of technology slewing maneuver, so omit.As shown in the figure: the valve rod suitable position processes one section screw thread, with by in the same way but the differential nut that internal and external threads constituted of different pitch screw, nut outside thread and valve gap screw, when opening and closing by the locking nut Locked valve when treating during assembling that spheroid is adjusted to correct position, because of the effect that screws of valve rod and nut, spheroid also obtains power up and down reciprocatingly in rotation; Spheroid and valve seat produce the gap to reduce friction during unlatching, and the downward wedging valve seat of spheroid is achieved two-way hard seal when closing; The relative service wear with valve seat of spheroid is adjusted the differential nut to a certain degree the time, still can obtain best wedging distance to guarantee sealability, and designing the appropriate to the occasion differential nut's of getting outside thread is good greater than internal thread pitch.This ball valve is opened initial and is closed near at the end operational torque is bigger.

Seven, as accompanying drawing 1 sphere valve seat gate valve and as accompanying drawing 2, accompanying drawing 3 sphere valve seat ball-valve structures and manipulation principle, the design's novel as shown in Figure 4 wedge-type combination spheroid two-way hard seal floating ball valve, structure then more simplifies, and it is by formations such as 1 valve body, 2 valve rods, 3 center spheroid voussoirs, 4 smaller part spheroids.Spheroid is made up of 3 parts, the ball centre voussoir processes runner, both sides process the angle of wedge face of band dovetail groove, little hemisphere (about 1/4th spheroids) is processed into sphere * dovetail cylinder, be slidingly matched with center spheroid voussoir dovetail groove, dovetail post planar end surface is the wedging stress surface, its root processes elastic groove, but three spheroid assembly parties are machined to certain precision manufacturability assembling, in suitably locating soldering or steel spot welding in conjunction with the slit, but also pre-control dovetail post and groove interference close-fitting are waited to make up to take apart after the synchronous fine finishing of spheroid and are still got free skating and join; Because of the whole circularity of combination spheroid in the engineering practicality need not too high request, three assembly parties are machined to certain symmetrical precision separately, it is whole with addition of worker's operation also can to save manufacturability, should guarantee all that just the actual spheroid center of circle must be higher than a certain size of bevel sealing surface shaft coupling line in the valve body; Valve body two inner cone medial axis should be relatively perpendicular to center spheroid voussoir angle of wedge face, and interior cone angle need be got and be slightly larger than 90 °, to guarantee that bevel sealing surface has best symmetrical tangent line mutually in little hemisphere and the valve body.Desirable two as mentioned above manipulations of this valve opening/shutting mode or differential thread screw manipulation.During unlatching, because the combined function of dovetail groove, post, center spheroid voussoir drives the little hemisphere in both sides and rotates synchronously, when closing, move downward by valve rod and to make center spheroid voussoir apply wedging power little hemisphere, oppress little hemisphere and be close to the valve body inner conical surface with the line contact condition, because of little hemisphere has spring function concurrently, this valve can obtain extremely desirable two-way hard seal.In the engineering practicality, should guarantee during design that body cavity is every may all need be machined to certain precision, not cause the scratch of smaller part spheroid with smaller part spheroid contact position; Also should guarantee to make up spheroid and the body cavity gap should not be too big, not cause the smaller part spheroid too big distance that glides when making the rotation of combination spheroid; For prolonging the operating life of ball valve, between little hemisphere and center spheroid voussoir and valve body suitable difference of hardness need be arranged, because of smaller part spheroid geometrical shape is simple, be to be not difficult to guarantee as this points of measure such as heat-obtaining processing by prior art.

Eight, the throttling stop valve with prior art production compares, the design's the superimposed packing seal symmetric(al) flow of the novel self expansion shape of falling C metallic elastic circle line style valve body Internal bevel gear transmission combination flap two-stage throttling Oblique Stop Valve, using the shape of falling C circle to strengthen on the basis of valve stem seal effect, in aspects such as latus rectum scope, attenuating flow resistance, throttling amplitude, manoeuvring performance, main overcurrent sealings, all can obtain better raising.Its structural principle such as accompanying drawing 5-2, adjusting packing ring, 11 shapes of falling C circle, 12 conventional fillers, 13 round section joint rings, 14 main valve clacks, 15 coupling nuts lid, 16, secondary flap etc. by 1 main valve body, 2 auxiliary valve bodies, 3 wheel brackets, 4 inner valve stem, 5 stop screws, 6 wheeled bevel gears, 7 keys, 8 drive bevel gear, 9 outer valve rods, 10 constitutes, accompanying drawing China and foreign countries valve rod cuts off more than the line handles the valve rod rotating machinery by the prior art design, so omit.This valve body by two halves symmetric(al) flow line style circle of similitude cone with middle flange be combined into, technology capability is fabulous, be flange seal reliability in strengthening, but soldering and sealing after the valve assembling, because of it is a circumferential body, so still help taking apart maintenance, this structure is looked requirement of engineering and is taken, so in the accompanying drawing between two flanges imaginary line be this implication, but clearly do not illustrate with sequence number.The spoke of wheel bracket and wheeled bevel gear should be got plump wing blade, and it is logical to control the unlikely phase mutual interference of maximum opening state two spokes MEDIA FLOW; For the frequent cutting condition of need, then can utilize its interference function that overlaps, two spoke design are become fast gate-type structure, behind the valve complete opening, only need to handle wheeled bevel gear and suitably rotate like this, can obtain restriction effect; Handle the control throttling by outer valve rod fully as only needing, then can be designed to shown in accompanying drawing 5-1, tie and collude, it is adjusted packing ring by dynamic bevel gear, 8 drive bevel gear, 9 outer valve rods, 10 and is constituted by 1 transmission nut, 2,7 keys, 3 wheel brackets, 4 inner valve stem, 5 stop screws, 6, should notice that two kinds of stop screws in the structure all should design the locking safty device when engineering is practical, and because of bevel gear is among the medium all the time, so the ordinary circumstance gear need not to harden, and causes pernicious consequence for preventing gear teeth avalanche inlet pipe road.To be flow passage part easy to wear for gear and inner valve stem in theory, but the main performance of valve depends on main overcurrent sealing and valve stem seal, as long as the weakest link in the middle of these two kinds of valves is improved, all the other driving mechanism life-spans often all can adapt with it and be difficult for hindering in advance the mistake function.This valve is used for stream and closes operating mode when opening, first open auxiliary flap, and medium is gone into through main valve clack perimeter sides orifice flow, go out in interior valve seat orifice flow, be the one-level throttling, continue to open, interior flap is adjacent to the coupling nut lid and causes main valve clack work, grade throttling of winning the second place, and closing motion is then opposite.This valve main valve seat ordinary circumstance can directly be processed by valve body, its sealing position cone angle generally should not be got greatly as shown in the figure, then sealing effect is fabulous, and valve seat processing and maintenance process are all good, because of its symmetrical geometry, it is even to be subjected to High Temperature High Pressure to influence distortional stress, causes to obtain more reliable sealing; Outer valve rod then helps realizing Seal Design because of only needing rotary work; Main valve stem working strength scope of design is wide, and the Internal bevel gear transmission has increased velocity ratio, and flap can obtain enough big sealing force easily, causes action required moment little; For improving operating life, flap and valve body and valve seat should be got suitable difference of hardness.This valve undoubtedly will be specially adapted to the throttling of the big latus rectum scopes of medium human control such as high-temperature high pressure oil quality by occasion, and it is meaningless to be used for little latus rectum scope.

In sum, the design's several valves and seal arrangement, all should get coloured, alloying metal is the manufactured materials of critical piece, owing to reasons such as its functions, some aspect certainly will improve complexity coefficient and cost of production to some extent, but the good maneuverability that engineering is improved when practical, sealing, wider applicability, the desirable synthetic effect of aspects such as operating life will be significant reliably.

Claims (4)

1, novel valve is characterized in that: valve pocket is adorned the closed chamber preacceleration inflation or is found time to make up the novel gate valve of the bellows self expansion type of the falling C superimposed packing seal of metallic elastic circle in advance in the unsteady sphere valve seat two-way hard seal checking-valve body function type division center gate valve of spacing guided bearing.

2, as novel valve as described in 1, its feature also comprises: spacing supporting is floated, and the sphere valve seat is two handles the wedging ball type or differential thread screws spheroid from the novel floating ball valve of wedge-type two-way hard seal.

3, as novel valve as described in 1 or 2, its feature also comprises: two manipulations or differential thread screw handles wedge-type combination spheroid two-way hard seal ball valve.

4, as novel valve as described in 1, its feature also comprises: the superimposed packing seal symmetric(al) flow of the self expansion type of falling C metallic elastic circle line style valve body Internal bevel gear transmission direct current type novel throttling stop valve.

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