CN222802638U - Motor and electric drive system - Google Patents
Motor and electric drive system Download PDFInfo
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- CN222802638U CN222802638U CN202421597631.1U CN202421597631U CN222802638U CN 222802638 U CN222802638 U CN 222802638U CN 202421597631 U CN202421597631 U CN 202421597631U CN 222802638 U CN222802638 U CN 222802638U
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Abstract
本公开提出了电机和电驱动系统。所述电机包括：壳体，所述壳体包括壳体主体以及连接至所述壳体主体的第一端盖和第二端盖，所述第一端盖在内部设有端盖通道；隔离筒，所述隔离筒连接至所述第一端盖和所述第二端盖，以将所述壳体内部分隔成定子腔和转子腔；设置在所述定子腔内的定子，所述定子将所述定子腔分隔成沿轴向位于其两侧的第一腔和第二腔，并在其定子铁芯的至少一些绕线槽中设有将所述第一腔与所述第二腔连通的定子通道；设置在所述转子腔内的转子；以及插入所述转子腔中并支撑所述转子的电机轴，所述电机轴在内部设有轴通道，所述轴通道通过所述端盖通道与所述第一腔连通。
The present disclosure proposes a motor and an electric drive system. The motor includes: a housing, the housing includes a housing body and a first end cover and a second end cover connected to the housing body, the first end cover is provided with an end cover channel inside; an isolating cylinder, the isolating cylinder is connected to the first end cover and the second end cover to separate the interior of the housing into a stator cavity and a rotor cavity; a stator arranged in the stator cavity, the stator divides the stator cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity located on both sides thereof along the axial direction, and at least some winding slots of its stator core are provided with a stator channel connecting the first cavity with the second cavity; a rotor arranged in the rotor cavity; and a motor shaft inserted into the rotor cavity and supporting the rotor, the motor shaft is provided with an axial channel inside, and the axial channel is connected with the first cavity through the end cover channel.
Description
Technical Field
The present disclosure relates to the field of motor heat dissipation, and more particularly, to a motor and electric drive system with an improved liquid cooled design.
Background
With the rapid development of motors, the power density and the weight reduction of the motors are attracting more and more attention. However, the heat dissipation problem of the motor becomes a main factor for restricting the further improvement of the power density of the motor. Taking a common permanent magnet synchronous motor as an example, the stator winding generates a rotating magnetic field after alternating current is applied, and the rotating magnetic field is coupled with permanent magnets on the rotor, so that the rotor is driven to rotate. At the same time, however, the rotating magnetic field may generate eddy currents in the rotor core and the stator core, thereby causing the rotor core and the stator core to heat, while the alternating current may cause the stator winding to heat. In order to increase the power of the motor, a larger alternating current needs to be supplied to the stator winding, but the heat generated by the stator core, the stator winding, and the rotor core increases. If this heat is not dissipated effectively, it may lead to a reduced service life of the motor and even to overheating of the motor. Therefore, the problem of overheating of the rotor core, the stator core, and the stator winding becomes one of the main factors that restrict further improvement of the motor power. For this reason, various liquid cooling schemes for helping heat dissipation of the motor have been developed in the prior art, including disposing the stator core in the water jacket, machining the cooling liquid passages on the surface and inside of the stator core, and the like, however, these liquid cooling schemes have problems of poor manufacturing feasibility, uneven heat absorption, high manufacturing cost, and the like to some extent.
Therefore, there is a need in the art for a solution that can help the motor dissipate heat effectively and with high manufacturing feasibility.
Disclosure of utility model
In order to solve the problems in the prior art described above, the present disclosure proposes an electric machine with an improved liquid-cooled design, comprising a housing including a housing body and first and second end caps connected to the housing body, the first end cap being internally provided with an end cap passage, an isolation tube connected to the first and second end caps to divide the housing interior into a stator chamber and a rotor chamber, a stator disposed in the stator chamber, the stator dividing the stator chamber into first and second chambers axially located on both sides thereof and provided with stator passages communicating the first chamber with the second chamber in at least some winding grooves of a stator core thereof, a rotor disposed in the rotor chamber, and a motor shaft inserted into the rotor chamber and supporting the rotor, the motor shaft being internally provided with a shaft passage communicating with the first chamber through the end cap passage.
According to an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure, a stator channel is provided in each winding slot of the stator core.
According to an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure, the stator channels are formed by gaps around the stator windings in the wire winding slots, and/or a plurality of wires stacked together are provided in the wire winding slots, the stator channels are formed by grooves in one or more wires, and/or the stator channels extend along an axial path.
According to an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure, the housing is provided with a housing opening on its outer surface leading to the second cavity.
According to an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure, the first end cap is provided with an outer through hole for communicating the first cavity with the end cap channel and an inner through hole for communicating the shaft channel with the end cap channel.
According to an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure, the motor shaft is spaced apart from the first end cap such that a guide channel is formed between the motor shaft and the first end cap, the shaft channel extends from a first opening open to the guide channel to a second opening open to the outside of the housing, and the inner through hole opens to the guide channel.
According to an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure, the motor shaft has a first shaft end proximate the first end cap and a second shaft end proximate the second end cap, wherein the motor shaft extends through the first end cap to position the first shaft end outside the housing, and/or the motor shaft extends through the second end cap to position the second shaft end outside the housing.
According to an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure, the second opening is provided on the second axial end so as to be open toward the axial direction.
According to an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure, the shaft channel, the guide channel and the inner through hole are each coaxial with the rotational axis of the motor shaft and/or the shaft channel, the guide channel and the inner through hole all extend along an axial path.
According to an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure, the first end cap is provided with an inner annular flange protruding axially into the rotor cavity, the inner annular flange surrounding the motor shaft, and a sealing ring is provided between the inner annular flange and the motor shaft.
According to an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure, a bearing is also provided between the inner annular flange and the motor shaft.
According to an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure, the sealing ring is axially located between the bearing and the first end cap.
According to an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure, the motor shaft is axially spaced from the first end cap such that the guide channel is axially located between the motor shaft and the first end cap and the first opening is open axially.
According to an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure, the shaft channel, the guide channel and the inner through hole are axially aligned with each other.
According to an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure, the motor shaft is inserted into the inner through hole and is spaced apart from the first end cap in a radial direction such that the guide passage is located between the motor shaft and the first end cap in a radial direction, and the first opening is opened in a radial direction.
According to an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure, one end of the motor shaft extends through the first end cap, and the first end cap is provided with an outer annular flange protruding axially outside the housing, the outer annular flange surrounding the motor shaft, and a sealing ring is provided between the outer annular flange and the motor shaft.
Also in order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, the present disclosure also proposes an improved electric drive system comprising a motor as described in the present disclosure, a gear box comprising a housing into which a motor shaft of the motor is inserted and a driving gear accommodated in the housing, the driving gear being fixed on the motor shaft, the housing being provided with a drain near its bottom, and a hydraulic pump having an inlet communicating with the drain and an outlet communicating with a second chamber of the motor or a shaft passage of the motor shaft.
According to an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure, the motor shaft has a first shaft end proximate the first end cap of the motor and a second shaft end proximate the second end cap of the motor, the shaft passageway extends to the second shaft end, the second shaft end is positioned within the housing, a second opening provided on the second shaft end communicates with a cavity within the housing, and an outlet of the hydraulic pump communicates with the second cavity.
According to an alternative embodiment of the disclosure, the motor shaft has a first shaft end adjacent to a first end cap of the motor and a second shaft end adjacent to a second end cap of the motor, the shaft passage extends to the second shaft end, the first shaft end is positioned within the housing, the outlet of the hydraulic pump communicates with the shaft passage via the second shaft end, and a feed port is provided on the housing that communicates with the second chamber.
According to an alternative embodiment of the present disclosure, the housing stores a cooling liquid at its bottom, the amount of the cooling liquid being arranged such that a portion of the driving gear is immersed in the cooling liquid.
The present disclosure may be embodied as illustrative embodiments in the accompanying drawings. It should be noted, however, that the drawings are merely illustrative and any variations contemplated under the teachings of the present disclosure should be considered to be included within the scope of the present disclosure.
Drawings
The drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. The drawings should not be construed as necessarily limiting the scope of the disclosure, wherein:
FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electric machine according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an electric machine according to another embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 3 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a stator of an electric machine according to one embodiment of the present disclosure;
FIG. 4 is a schematic layout of an electric drive system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, and
Fig. 5 is a schematic layout diagram of an electric drive system according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
Detailed Description
Further features and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent from the following description with reference to the attached drawings. Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and the various drawings are not necessarily drawn to scale. This disclosure may, however, be embodied in many different forms and should not be construed as necessarily limited to the exemplary embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these exemplary embodiments are provided only to illustrate the present disclosure and to convey the spirit and substance of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
The present disclosure is directed to an electric machine having an improved liquid cooled design that allows a cooling liquid to flow sequentially through a motor shaft and a stator of the electric machine such that the cooling liquid can absorb heat of a rotor core when flowing within the motor shaft and absorb heat of a stator core and a stator winding when flowing in the stator, thereby enabling improved heat dissipation of the three of the rotor core, the stator core, and the stator winding. In particular, the liquid cooled design according to the present disclosure also allows the coolant to flow within the winding slots of the stator core such that the coolant can directly contact the stator windings within the winding slots, thereby enabling further improved heat dissipation of the stator windings. In particular, the liquid cooling design according to the present disclosure also enables avoiding the coolant from contacting the rotor core, whereby the coolant can be avoided from increasing the rotational resistance of the rotor core, so that the efficiency of the motor can be maintained while improving heat dissipation. In particular, the liquid cooled design according to the present disclosure also allows for a lower hydraulically driven flow of cooling liquid through the motor shaft and stator, enabling reduced requirements for ancillary facilities such as hydraulic pumps in order to reduce the manufacturing costs of the cooling design according to the present disclosure, and enabling reduced risk of leakage of cooling liquid. In addition, the liquid cooling design according to the present disclosure has a simpler structure and thus higher manufacturing feasibility, thereby being able to help the motor achieve effective heat dissipation without significantly increasing the cost of the motor.
Various alternative but non-limiting embodiments of an electric machine according to the present disclosure are described in detail below with reference to the various figures. As used herein, the term "axial" refers to a direction parallel to or coincident with the rotational axis of the motor, "radial" refers to a direction perpendicular to the rotational axis of the motor, and "circumferential" refers to a direction about the rotational axis of the motor, these and other terms indicating orientation are merely intended to more intuitively illustrate the teachings of the present disclosure in connection with the drawings, and should not be construed in any way to limit the scope of protection of the present disclosure.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, wherein fig. 1 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an electric machine according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, fig. 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of an electric machine according to another embodiment of the present disclosure. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the motor 10 includes a housing 100, the housing 100 including a generally annular housing body 110 and first and second end caps 120 and 130 respectively connected to both ends of the housing body 110 divided along an axial direction XX', wherein the housing body 110, the first end cap 120 and the second end cap 130 together define an inner cavity 140 inside the housing 100. In other words, the case body 110 defines the inner cavity 140 on the inside, and the first and second end caps 120 and 130 are respectively connected to both ends of the case body 110, which are separated in the axial direction XX', so as to close the inner cavity 140. The motor 10 further comprises a barrier cylinder 200 arranged in the inner cavity 140 of the housing 100, the barrier cylinder 200 being arranged around, i.e. oriented along, the axial direction XX ', and both ends of the barrier cylinder 200, which are separated along the axial direction XX', being connected to the first end cap 120 and the second end cap 130, respectively, such that the inner cavity 140 of the housing 100 is separated by the barrier cylinder 200 into a substantially annular stator cavity 141 and a substantially cylindrical rotor cavity 142, wherein the stator cavity 141 is located radially outside the barrier cylinder 200, the rotor cavity 142 is located radially inside the barrier cylinder 200, and the stator cavity 141 and the rotor cavity 142 are isolated from each other by the barrier cylinder 200.
With continued reference to fig. 1 and 2, the motor 10 further includes a stator 300 disposed in the stator cavity 141, a rotor 400 disposed in the rotor cavity 142, and a motor shaft 500 inserted into the rotor cavity 142. The stator 300 includes a stator core 310 and a stator winding 320 provided on the stator core 310, the stator core 310 being provided at a radially inner side thereof with a plurality of winding slots 311 distributed along a circumferential direction, wherein each of the winding slots 311 extends through the stator core 310 along an axial direction XX' and into which a part of a wire of the stator winding 320 is inserted so as to fix the stator winding 320 on the stator core 310. In addition, the stator core 310 is connected to the barrier cylinder 200 at a radial inner side thereof and to the case body 110 at a radial outer side thereof such that the stator cavity 141 is partitioned by the stator core 310 into a first cavity 141a and a second cavity 141b located at both sides thereof (i.e., located at both axial sides of the stator core 310) in the axial direction XX', wherein the first cavity 141a and the second cavity 141b are also substantially annular, and the first cavity 141a is adjacent to the first end cap 120 such that the first cavity 141a is closed or partially defined by the second end cap 120, and the second cavity 141b is adjacent to the second end cap 130 such that the second cavity 141b is closed or partially defined by the first end cap 130. The rotor 400 is fixed (more generally, non-rotatably connected) to the motor shaft 500, and the motor shaft 500 is rotatably supported in the rotor chamber 142, such as by bearings, such that the rotor 400 is rotatably supported in the rotor chamber 142 by the motor shaft 500. In the case where the motor 10 is configured as a permanent magnet synchronous motor, the rotor 400 includes a rotor core 410 fixed to the motor shaft 500 and permanent magnets 420 fixed to the rotor core 410. Of course, the motor 10 may also be configured as an asynchronous induction motor such that the rotor 400 includes a stator core 410 and armature windings fixed to the stator core 410. The particular type of motor 10 should not be construed to limit the scope of the present disclosure.
Taking the permanent magnet synchronous type motor 10 as an example, during its operation, the stator winding 320 is energized with an alternating current to generate a rotating magnetic field, which is coupled with the permanent magnet 420 under the guidance of the stator core 310 to drive the permanent magnet 420 to rotate, and the permanent magnet 420 in turn drives the motor shaft 500 to rotate through the rotor core 410 to enable the motor shaft 500 to transmit power to the outside of the motor 10. However, as a byproduct of power, the rotating magnetic field may cause eddy currents to be generated in the stator core 310 and the rotor core 410, and the eddy currents may generate heat in the stator core 310 and the rotor core 410, and simultaneously, the alternating current may generate heat in the stator winding 320.
In order to dissipate heat in stator core 310, stator windings 320, and rotor core 410, the present disclosure proposes a liquid cooled design as follows. As shown in fig. 1 and 2, in at least some of the plurality of winding grooves 311 of the stator core 310, stator passages 330 through which a cooling liquid flows are formed, wherein each stator passage 330 extends through the stator core 310 in the axial direction XX', thereby fluidly communicating the first cavity 141a with the second cavity 141 b. In this configuration, since the first and second cavities 141a and 141b are isolated from each other by the stator core 310 located therebetween, the first and second cavities 141a and 141b are in fluid communication with each other only through the stator passage 330 formed in the winding slot 311, thereby making it necessary for the coolant to flow between the first and second cavities 141a and 141b through the stator passage 330, while when the coolant flows in the stator passage 330, the coolant can directly contact the stator winding 320 in the winding slot 311, thereby enabling direct absorption of heat of the stator winding 320 in the winding slot 311, and thus enabling direct cooling of the stator winding 320 in the slot within the winding slot 311, while the coolant collected in the first and second cavities 141a and 141b can also directly contact the entire axial end portion of the stator core 310, thereby enabling direct absorption of heat of the stator core 310 in the first and second cavities 141a, and thus enabling direct cooling within the stator core 310. in particular, a stator passage 330 is formed in each winding slot 311 of the stator core 310, thereby achieving direct cooling of the stator winding 320 within the slot within each winding slot 311. In particular, the stator channels 330 may be formed by gaps around the stator windings 320 in the winding slots 311. In particular, in the case where the stator winding 320 is composed of flat wires so as to configure the motor 10 as a flat wire motor, a plurality of flat wires are stacked in each wire slot 311, the stator passage 330 may be formed by grooves formed in one or more flat wires, the grooves extending along the length direction of the flat wires, the stator passage 330 is formed to penetrate the stator winding 320, and the profile of the grooves along a section perpendicular to the length direction of the flat wires may be a part of a circle, an ellipse, a rectangle, a triangle, or the like. In one embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, which illustrates a schematic partial cross-sectional view of the stator 300 of the motor 10 taken along line A-A of fig. 1 and 2, a plurality of flat wires 321 are stacked in a radial direction, a groove 322 may be provided in each flat wire 321. In one embodiment, the entire outer surface of the flat wire 321 has an insulating layer, wherein the thickness of the insulating layer at the groove 322 is the same as or different from the thickness of the insulating layer at other portions of the flat wire 321 except for the groove 322. In another embodiment, the outer surfaces of the flat wires 321 except the grooves 322 have an insulating layer, and the inner surfaces of the grooves 322 are at least partially exposed (i.e., no insulating layer, metal conductors in the flat wires are exposed), the portions of the flat wires 321 opposite to the grooves 322 of adjacent flat wires 321 are at least partially exposed, and the distance between the exposed portions is set to provide insulating properties. In some embodiments, the grooves 322 may be provided at one or more of the corners of the profile of the flat wires 321 along the cross section perpendicular to the length direction thereof between adjacent flat wires 321, between the flat wires 321 and the inner surface of the winding slot 311. The grooves 322 in the embodiment shown in fig. 3 are provided on the upper surface of each flat wire 321, and in other embodiments, the grooves 322 may be provided on the lower surface of each flat wire 321.
In addition, the housing 100 is provided on its outer surface with a housing opening 101, which housing opening 101 opens into the second cavity 141b or is in fluid communication with the second cavity 141b through a through hole in the housing 100, and which housing opening 101 is configured for allowing a cooling liquid to enter and exit the second cavity 141b. In this configuration, the second chamber 141b may receive the cooling liquid from the outside of the motor 10 through the housing opening 101, and may also discharge the cooling liquid inside itself to the outside of the motor 10 through the housing opening 101. In particular, the housing opening 101 is provided on the outer surface of the housing main body 110. Of course, in an embodiment not shown, the housing port 101 may also be provided on the outer surface of the second end cap 130.
The first end cap 120 has a hollow structure. Specifically, the first end cap 120 defines or forms an end cap passage 121 therein through which the cooling liquid flows, and the first end cap 120 is further provided with an outer through hole 122 and an inner through hole 123 that communicate with the end cap passage 121 or open to the end cap passage 121. In addition, the first end cap 120 is also positioned such that the outer through holes 122 are located radially outward of the spacer tube 200, the number of which may be one or more, while the inner through holes 123 are located radially inward of the spacer tube 200. In this configuration, the cooling liquid may flow from one of the outer through hole 122 and the inner through hole 123 into the end cap passage 121 and then be discharged from the end cap passage 121 through the other of the outer through hole 122 and the inner through hole 123, and when the cooling liquid flows in the end cap passage 121, the cooling liquid may exchange heat with the outside through the outer surface of the first end cap 120 to reduce the temperature and thereby improve the cooling effect thereof. In particular, since the outer through hole 122 is positioned radially outward of the separator cartridge 200, the outer through hole 122 constitutes a passage that fluidly communicates the first chamber 141a with the end cap passage 121, so that the coolant can flow between the first chamber 141a and the end cap passage 121 through the outer through hole 122.
The motor shaft 500 also has a hollow structure. Specifically, the motor shaft 500 defines or forms a shaft passage 510 therein through which a cooling fluid flows, the shaft passage 510 extending from a first opening 520 provided on an outer surface of the motor shaft 500 to a second opening 530 also provided on an outer surface of the motor shaft 500, wherein the first opening 520 is adjacent to the first end cap 120 and the second opening 530 is adjacent to the second end cap 130. In this configuration, the cooling liquid may flow from one of the first opening 520 and the second opening 530 into the shaft passage 510 and then be discharged from the shaft passage 510 through the other of the first opening 520 and the second opening 530, and when the cooling liquid flows in the shaft passage 510, the cooling liquid can absorb heat of the rotor 400 (more specifically, the rotor core 410) through the motor shaft 500 and thereby achieve efficient heat dissipation of the rotor 400. In addition, the motor shaft 500 extends through the second end cap 130 such that the second opening 530 is opened toward the outside of the housing 100. In this configuration, the shaft passage 510 may receive the cooling liquid from the outside of the motor 10 through the second opening 530, and may discharge the cooling liquid inside itself to the outside of the motor 10 through the second opening 530. In particular, the second opening 530 is positioned outside the housing 100. In particular, the second opening 530 is provided on an axial end of the motor shaft 500 such that the second opening 530 is open toward the axial direction XX'.
A guide channel 610 is formed between the motor shaft 500 and the first end cap 120, wherein the first opening 520 of the motor shaft 500 is open to the guide channel 610 and the guide channel 610 is in fluid communication with the inner through-hole 123 of the first end cap 120, thereby enabling the guide channel 610 to fluidly communicate the first opening 520 of the motor shaft 500 with the inner through-hole 123 of the first end cap 120 and thus the shaft channel 510 of the motor shaft 500 with the end cap channel 121 of the first end cap 120. In this configuration, on the one hand, the cooling liquid can flow between the shaft passage 510 of the motor shaft 500 and the end cap passage 121 of the first end cap 120 through the guide passage 610, and on the other hand, the guide passage 610 spaces the motor shaft 500 from the first end cap 120, so that the motor shaft 500 and the first end cap 120 can be prevented from wearing each other when rotating. In particular, the shaft passage 510, the guide passage 610, and the inside through hole 123 are all coaxially arranged with the rotation axis of the motor shaft 500 as an axis, and extend along a straight axial path. With this configuration, the coolant can flow through the shaft passage 510, the guide passage 610, and the inside through hole 123 more smoothly, whereby the heat radiation effect can be further improved, and a lower hydraulic pressure is made sufficient to drive the flow of the coolant, whereby the parameter requirements for auxiliary facilities such as the hydraulic pump can be reduced, whereby the cost required for equipping the motor with the liquid cooling facility can be reduced, and the leakage risk of the coolant can also be reduced.
In the configuration of the liquid cooled design described above, the second chamber 141b, the stator channel 330, the first chamber 141a, the end cap channel 121, the guide channel 610, and the shaft channel 510 together form a complete flow path from the housing opening 101 to the second opening 530. In the case where the housing opening 101 is used as a liquid inlet and the second opening 530 is used as a liquid outlet, the cooling liquid may flow from the housing opening 101 to the second opening 530 along the flow path, whereas in the case where the housing opening 101 is used as a liquid outlet and the second opening 530 is used as a liquid inlet, the cooling liquid may flow from the second opening 530 to the housing opening 101 along the flow path. In any case, when the cooling liquid flows along the flow path, the cooling liquid can cool the stator core 310, the stator winding 320 and the rotor core 410 in turn, so that the heat dissipation problem of the stator core 310, the stator winding 320 and the rotor core 410 can be effectively solved, and the solution of the heat dissipation problem of the three can provide possibility for further improving the power of the motor 10.
In particular, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the first end cap 120 is further provided with an inner annular flange 124 protruding in the axial direction XX', wherein the inner annular flange 124 protrudes into the rotor cavity 142. In addition, the inner annular flange 124 surrounds the inner through hole 123 and the motor shaft 500 in the circumferential direction such that the inner through hole 123, the motor shaft 500, and the guide passage 610 are all located radially inward of the inner annular flange 124, and further such that the guide passage 610 fluidly communicates the first opening 520 with the inner through hole 123 radially inward of the inner annular flange 124. In addition, the first end cap 120 is further provided with a sealing ring 125 between the inner annular flange 124 and the motor shaft 500, which sealing ring 125 may be made of a wear resistant material such as polytetrafluoroethylene, for example, and may be clamped between the radially inner surface of the inner annular flange 124 and the radially outer surface of the motor shaft 500 such that the sealing ring 125 is capable of sealing the guide channel 610 against the rotor chamber 142, that is, the sealing ring 125 is capable of isolating the guide channel 610 and the rotor chamber 142 from each other. In this configuration, the seal ring 125 is located between the inner annular flange 124 and the motor shaft 500 in the radial direction and between the guide passage 610 and the rotor chamber 142 in the axial direction XX', so that the cooling liquid from the end cover passage 121 can flow only through the guide passage 610 into the shaft passage 510 without leaking into the rotor chamber 142, and the cooling liquid from the shaft passage 510 can flow only through the guide passage 610 into the end cover passage 121 without leaking into the rotor chamber 142. In short, the seal ring 125 can prevent the coolant from entering the rotor chamber 142, thereby preventing the coolant from increasing the rotational resistance of the rotor 400, so that the heat dissipation problem can be solved while maintaining the operation efficiency of the motor 10. In particular, the first end cap 120 is further provided with a bearing 126 between the inner annular flange 124 and the motor shaft 500, an outer ring of the bearing 126 being connected to a radially inner surface of the inner annular flange 124 and an inner ring thereof being connected to a radially outer surface of the motor shaft 500, such that the inner annular flange 124 can rotatably support the motor shaft 500 through the bearing 126. In this configuration, the inner annular flange 124 serves to accommodate not only the seal ring 125 sealing the guide channel 610, but also the bearing 126 supporting the motor shaft 500, and the bearing 126 can also function to some extent to seal (e.g., dynamically seal) the guide channel 610. In particular, the sealing ring 125 is located between the bearing 126 and the first end cap 120 in the axial direction XX', so that the sealing ring 125 can avoid the coolant from contacting the bearing 126.
In particular, similar to the first end cap 120, the second end cap 130 may also be provided with an inner annular flange 131 protruding in the axial direction XX', wherein this inner annular flange 131 protrudes into the rotor cavity 142. In addition, the inner annular flange 131 surrounds the motor shaft 500 in the circumferential direction such that the motor shaft 500 is located radially inward of the inner annular flange 131. In addition, the second end cap 130 is further provided with a bearing 132 between the inner annular flange 131 and the motor shaft 500, an outer ring of the bearing 132 being coupled to a radially inner surface of the inner annular flange 131, and an inner ring thereof being coupled to a radially outer surface of the motor shaft 500, so that the inner annular flange 131 can rotatably support the motor shaft 500 through the bearing 132.
The general configuration of the liquid cooled design of the motor according to the present disclosure is described above with the aid of fig. 1 and 2, although the embodiments shown in fig. 1 and 2 are substantially identical in this general configuration, the two still differ in other respects. In particular, in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the first opening 520 is provided on an axial end (hereinafter referred to as a first axial end or first axial end) 501 of the motor shaft 500 that is proximal to the first end cap 120 such that the first opening 520 is open toward the axial direction XX ', and the first axial end 501 is spaced apart from the first end cap 120 along the axial direction XX ' such that the guide passage 610 is located between the first axial end 501 and the first end cap 120 along the axial direction XX ', in which case the guide passage 610 is a cylindrical passage located between the motor shaft 500 and the first end cap 120. In addition, the second opening 530 is provided on an axial end portion 502 of the motor shaft 500 (hereinafter, referred to as a second axial end portion or a second axial end portion) close to the second end cap 130 such that the shaft passage 510 extends from the first axial end portion 501 of the motor shaft 500 to the second axial end portion 502 along the axial direction XX', that is, such that the shaft passage 510 extends through the motor shaft 500 over the entire axial length of the motor shaft 500, which helps to reduce the pressure loss of the cooling liquid in the shaft passage 510, thereby allowing the cooling liquid to flow in the shaft passage 510 more rapidly, whereby the heat dissipation effect can be further improved. In addition, the motor shaft 500 extends through the second end cap 130, thereby positioning the second axial end 502 outside the housing 100 such that the second axial end 502 may serve as a driving end of the motor shaft 500, for example, a driving gear for driving a driven gear may be fitted on the motor shaft 500 through the second axial end 502. In particular, the shaft passage 510, the guide passage 610, and the inner through hole 123 are aligned with each other or with each other along the axial direction XX', whereby the pressure loss of the cooling liquid in the guide passage 610 can be reduced, thereby allowing the cooling liquid to flow in the guide passage 610 more rapidly, so that the heat dissipation effect is further improved.
It is also worth mentioning that in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, the housing opening 101 may be used as a liquid inlet and the second opening 530 as a liquid outlet, in order to cool the stator 300 and then the rotor 400. In this case, the coolant from the outside of the case 100 may enter the second chamber 141b through the case opening 101 and be collected in the second chamber 141b, the coolant in the second chamber 141b may further flow to the first chamber 141a through the respective stator passages 330 and be collected in the first chamber 141a, the coolant in the first chamber 141a may further enter the end cover passage 121 through the respective outer through holes 122, then be discharged from the end cover passage 121 through the inner through holes 123, the coolant discharged from the inner through holes 123 may further be guided to the first opening 520 by the guide passage 610 and enter the shaft passage 510, and finally the coolant in the shaft passage 510 may be discharged to the outside of the case 100 through the second opening 530. In this configuration, the cooling liquid can cool not only the stator 300 and the rotor 400 in succession in the stator passage 330 and the shaft passage 510, but also the cooling liquid that has been heated by the stator 300 can radiate heat to the outside environment through the outer surface of the first end cap 120 in the end cap passage 121, whereby the cooling liquid can be cooled before entering the shaft passage 510, and thus the cooling effect of the rotor 400 can be improved. In particular, a plurality of fins 128 may be provided on the outer surface of the first end cap 120 in order to increase the heat exchange area with the external environment, thereby further improving the cooling effect of the rotor 400. Of course the above embodiments are merely illustrative, in alternative embodiments the housing opening 101 may be used as a drain and the second opening 530 may be used as a feed, such that the cooling fluid flows in the opposite direction as described above, thereby cooling the rotor 400 and then the stator 300.
In particular, in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the first opening 520 is provided on the radially outer surface of the motor shaft 500 such that the first opening 520 is open toward the radial direction. The inner through hole 123 extends through the first end cap 120, the motor shaft 500 is inserted into the inner through hole 123 so as to extend through the first end cap 120 through the inner through hole 123, and the motor shaft 500 is spaced apart from the first end cap 120 in the radial direction such that the guide channel 610 is located between the motor shaft 500 and the first end cap 120 in the radial direction, in which case the guide channel 610 is an annular channel surrounding the motor shaft 500. In addition, since the motor shaft 500 extends through the first end cap 120, the first axial end 501 of the motor shaft 500 is also positioned outside the housing 100, which allows the first axial end 501 to serve as a driving end of the motor shaft 500, for example, a driving gear for driving a driven gear can be fitted to the motor shaft 500 through the first axial end 501. In particular, the first end cap 120 is further provided with an outer annular flange 127 protruding toward the outside of the housing 100 along the axial direction XX', the outer annular flange 127 surrounding the inner through-hole 123 and the motor shaft 500 along the circumferential direction such that the inner through-hole 123, the motor shaft 500 and the guide passage 610 are all located radially inward of the outer annular flange 127, and the first end cap 120 is further provided with a seal ring 125 located between the outer annular flange 127 and the motor shaft 500, the seal ring 125 being made of a wear-resistant material such as polytetrafluoroethylene, and being clamped between an inner surface of the outer annular flange 127 and an outer surface of the motor shaft 500 such that the seal ring 125 can seal the guide passage 610 with respect to the outside of the housing 100, that is, the seal ring 125 can isolate the guide passage 610 and the outside of the housing 100 from each other. In this configuration, the seal ring 125 is located between the outer annular flange 127 and the motor shaft 500 in the radial direction and between the guide passage 610 and the outside of the housing 100 in the axial direction XX', so that the cooling liquid from the end cap passage 121 can flow only through the guide passage 610 into the shaft passage 510 without leaking to the outside of the housing 100, and the cooling liquid from the shaft passage 510 can flow only through the guide passage 610 into the end cap passage 121 without leaking to the outside of the housing 100. In short, the seal ring 125 can prevent the coolant from leaking to the outside of the housing 100, thereby preventing the coolant from contaminating or damaging other devices and facilities outside the housing 100. In particular, the first end cap 120 is further provided with a bearing 126 between the outer annular flange 127 and the motor shaft 500, an outer ring of the bearing 126 being connected to an inner surface of the outer annular flange 127 and an inner ring thereof being connected to an outer surface of the motor shaft 500, so that the outer annular flange 127 can rotatably support the motor shaft 500 through the bearing 126. In this configuration, the outer annular flange 127 serves to accommodate not only the seal ring 125 sealing the guide channel 610, but also the bearing 126 supporting the motor shaft 500, and the bearing 126 can also function to some extent to seal (e.g., dynamically seal) the guide channel 610. In particular, the bearing 126 is located outside the sealing ring 125 in the axial direction XX', so that the sealing ring 125 can avoid the cooling liquid from contacting the bearing 126.
It is also worth mentioning that in the embodiment shown in fig. 2, the second opening 530 may be used as a liquid inlet and the housing opening 101 as a liquid outlet for cooling the rotor 400 and then the stator 300. In this case, since the motor shaft 500 extends through the second end cap 130 to position the second axial end 502 and the second opening 530 outside the housing 100, the coolant from outside the housing 100 can smoothly enter the shaft passage 510 through the second opening 530, then be discharged from the shaft passage 510 through the first opening 520, the coolant discharged from the first opening 520 is guided to the inside through hole 123 by the guide passage 610, then enter the end cap passage 121 through the inside through hole 123, the coolant in the end cap passage 121 then enters the first chamber 141a through the outside through hole 122 and is collected in the first chamber 141a, the coolant in the first chamber 141a then flows to the second chamber 141b through the respective stator passages 330 and is collected in the second chamber 141b, and finally the coolant in the second chamber 141b is discharged to the outside of the housing 100 through the housing opening 101. In this configuration, the cooling liquid can cool not only the rotor 400 and the stator 300 in the shaft passage 510 and the stator passage 330 in succession, but also the cooling liquid that has been heated by the rotor 400 can radiate heat to the outside environment through the outer surface of the first end cap 120 in the end cap passage 121, whereby the cooling liquid can be cooled before entering the stator passage 330, and thus the cooling effect of the stator 300 can be improved. In particular, a plurality of fins 128 may be provided on the outer surface of the first end cap 120 in order to increase the heat exchange area with the external environment, thereby further improving the cooling effect of the stator 300. Of course the above embodiments are merely illustrative, in alternative embodiments the housing opening 101 may be used as a liquid inlet and the second opening 530 may be used as a liquid outlet such that the cooling liquid flows in the opposite direction as described above to cool the stator 300 and then the rotor 400. Of course, in embodiments where the second axial end 502 of the motor shaft 500 does not serve as a drive end, the second axial end 502 may not protrude from the second end cap 130, so long as the second opening 530 and the external communication coolant are realized.
The motor with the improved liquid cooling design according to the present disclosure is described above with the aid of fig. 1 and 2, in addition to which motor the present disclosure also proposes an electric drive system with the improved liquid cooling design. Referring to fig. 4 and 5, wherein fig. 4 shows a schematic layout of an electric drive system according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, fig. 5 shows a schematic layout of an electric drive system according to another embodiment of the present disclosure.
As shown in fig. 4, the electric drive system generally includes an electric motor 10, a gearbox 20, and a hydraulic pump 30 configured in accordance with the embodiment shown in fig. 1. The gear box 20 generally includes a housing 201, a driving gear 202 and a driven gear 203 accommodated in the housing 201, and an output shaft 204 extending through the housing 201, wherein the driven gear 203 is meshed with the driving gear 202 and is fixed to the output shaft 204. The motor shaft 500 of the motor 10 extends through the housing 201 such that the second axial end 502 and the second opening 530 of the motor shaft 500 are positioned within the housing 201, and the drive gear 202 is fixed to the motor shaft 500 such that the motor shaft 500 can drive the output shaft 204 to rotate through the drive gear 202 and the driven gear 203. In particular, the housing 201 is further provided with a drain 205 near its bottom, which drain 205 is in fluid communication with the inlet of the hydraulic pump 30, while the outlet of the hydraulic pump 30 is in fluid communication with the housing opening 101 of the motor 10. During operation of the electric drive system, the motor shaft 500 of the motor 10 drives the output shaft 204 to rotate through the driving gear 202 and the driven gear 203 of the gear case 20, while the hydraulic pump 30 pumps out the coolant collected at the bottom of the housing 201 of the gear case 20 through the drain port 205 of the gear case 20, and then injects the coolant into the housing 100 of the motor 10 through the housing opening 101 of the motor 10, and the coolant injected into the housing 100 of the motor 10 then flows from the housing opening 101 to the second opening 530 along the aforementioned flow path so as to cool the stator and the rotor of the motor 10 in turn, and then the coolant is discharged from the second opening 530 into the housing 201 of the gear case 20 and collected at the bottom of the housing 201, thereby achieving circulation of the coolant between the gear case 20 and the motor 10. With this configuration, the gear case 201 provides a heat dissipation place for the coolant, whereby the heat dissipation effect of the motor 10 can be improved. In particular, the amount of coolant within the electric drive system may be set such that the coolant collected at the bottom of the housing 201 is sufficient to submerge a portion of the drive gear 202 or the driven gear 203. With this configuration, the cooling fluid not only improves heat dissipation of the motor 10, but also lubricates various components (e.g., the driving gear 202 and the driven gear 203) within the gear box 20.
The embodiment shown in fig. 5 differs from the embodiment shown in fig. 4 in that the motor 10 is configured in accordance with the embodiment shown in fig. 2 and the motor shaft 500 of the motor 10 extends through the housing 201 such that the first axial end 501 of the motor shaft 500 is positioned within the housing 201. In addition, the housing 201 is further provided with a fluid inlet 206 near its top, wherein the fluid inlet 206 is in fluid communication with the housing opening 101 of the motor 10, while the outlet of the hydraulic pump 30 is in fluid communication with the second opening 530 of the motor shaft 500. During operation of the electric drive system, the motor shaft 500 of the motor 10 drives the output shaft 204 through the driving gear 202 and the driven gear 203 of the gear case 20 while the hydraulic pump 30 pumps out the coolant collected at the bottom of the housing 201 of the gear case 20 through the drain port 205 of the gear case 20, and then injects the coolant into the shaft passage 510 through the second opening 530 of the motor shaft 500, and the coolant injected into the shaft passage 510 flows from the second opening 530 to the housing opening 101 along the aforementioned flow path so as to cool the rotor and stator of the motor 10 in turn, and then the coolant is discharged from the housing opening 101 and is fed to the drain port 206, and the coolant in turn enters the housing 201 of the gear case 20 through the drain port 206 and is collected at the bottom of the housing 201, thereby achieving circulation of the coolant between the gear case 20 and the motor 10. In this configuration, the gear case 201 also provides a heat dissipation place for the coolant, thereby improving the heat dissipation effect of the motor 10. In addition, the amount of coolant within the electric drive system may also be set such that the coolant collected at the bottom of the housing 201 is sufficient to submerge a portion of the drive gear 202 or driven gear 203 to lubricate the various components within the gearbox 20 while improving the heat dissipation of the motor 10.
Alternative but non-limiting embodiments of an electric motor and electric drive system according to the present disclosure are described in detail above with the aid of the accompanying drawings. Modifications and additions to the techniques and structures, as well as rearrangements of the features of the embodiments, which will become apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and substance of the disclosure, are intended to be encompassed within the scope of the disclosure. Accordingly, such modifications and additions as are contemplated under the teachings of the present disclosure should be considered as part of the present disclosure. The scope of the present disclosure includes known equivalents and equivalents not yet foreseen at the time of filing of the present disclosure.
Claims (20)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202421597631.1U CN222802638U (en) | 2024-07-08 | 2024-07-08 | Motor and electric drive system |
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| CN202421597631.1U CN222802638U (en) | 2024-07-08 | 2024-07-08 | Motor and electric drive system |
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