CN223078395U - Alternating magnetic field interference resistant circuit of voltage sampling loop and standard electric energy meter thereof - Google Patents
Alternating magnetic field interference resistant circuit of voltage sampling loop and standard electric energy meter thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN223078395U CN223078395U CN202421341922.4U CN202421341922U CN223078395U CN 223078395 U CN223078395 U CN 223078395U CN 202421341922 U CN202421341922 U CN 202421341922U CN 223078395 U CN223078395 U CN 223078395U
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Abstract
本实用新型涉及标准电能表技术领域，特别涉及一种电压采样回路的抗交变磁场干扰电路及其标准电能表，其中，该电路包括：输入端和输出端，输入端的正极为信号输入，输出端的正极为信号输出，输入端和输出端的负极均接地；2N个插装电阻，N为大于或等于2的正整数，2N个插装电阻呈对称排列连接在目标电路板上，第一个插装电阻与输入端的另一边相连，第2N个插装电阻与输出端的另一边相连，且2N个插装电阻之间采用交叉走线连接，构成2M个环路，M为正整数。由此，解决了现有的标准电能表电压采样回路布局虽然尽可能减小环路的面积，但是仍存在一定的单一环路面积，导致电路中产生感应电压，影响电压采样的准确度等问题。
The utility model relates to the technical field of standard electric energy meters, and particularly to an anti-alternating magnetic field interference circuit of a voltage sampling loop and a standard electric energy meter thereof, wherein the circuit comprises: an input end and an output end, the positive pole of the input end is a signal input, the positive pole of the output end is a signal output, and the negative poles of the input end and the output end are both grounded; 2N plug-in resistors, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, the 2N plug-in resistors are symmetrically arranged and connected on a target circuit board, the first plug-in resistor is connected to the other side of the input end, the 2N plug-in resistor is connected to the other side of the output end, and the 2N plug-in resistors are connected by cross wiring to form 2M loops, M is a positive integer. Thus, the existing standard electric energy meter voltage sampling loop layout is solved, although the loop area is reduced as much as possible, there is still a certain single loop area, resulting in the generation of induced voltage in the circuit, affecting the accuracy of voltage sampling, and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to the technical field of standard electric energy meters, in particular to an alternating magnetic field interference resistant circuit of a voltage sampling loop and a standard electric energy meter thereof.
Background
The 0.01-level standard electric energy meter product is used as high-precision electric energy metering equipment and is widely applied to the fields of electric energy metering calibration, laboratory metering reference, electric energy quality monitoring, electric power system testing and the like so as to ensure the accuracy and reliability of an electric power system. The standard meter is mainly composed of key module circuits such as a voltage sampling circuit, a current sampling circuit, an ADC sampling circuit and the like.
As shown in fig. 1, a voltage sampling circuit of a standard electric energy meter generally adopts a resistor voltage division method to convert a measured voltage into a corresponding measured voltage signal and input the corresponding measured voltage signal into the electric energy meter. In the resistor divider circuit, a plurality of resistors are connected in series to form a voltage divider. When the power supply voltage V IN passes through a plurality of resistors connected in series, according to ohm's law, the relationship between the voltage drop V across the resistor and the resistance value R and the current I through the resistor is:
V=IR
As shown in FIG. 1, R1-R5 are upper voltage dividing resistors, and R6 is a lower voltage dividing resistor. The ratio of the resistance partial pressure is determined by the resistance value of each resistor:
The resistor voltage dividing circuit is generally used for accurately measuring voltage, and high-precision resistors with higher temperature stability and long-term stability are often selected to provide more accurate voltage dividing proportion so as to ensure the accuracy of output voltage.
Therefore, the precision grade of the resistor is directly related to the accuracy of measurement, and high requirements are placed on the accuracy and stability of the sampling resistor, so that the drift of the resistance value of the resistor can directly influence the test result. Although the high-precision chip resistor can reach the stability index of 0.001%, the long-term stability is insufficient, and the technical index of the whole machine of the standard meter may be degraded.
In order to solve this problem, a more precise metal foil resistor is often selected in practical application, and the metal foil resistor is usually designed to have a larger package size, and a plug-in manner is adopted to ensure higher precision and stability. Specifically, as shown in fig. 2, the metal foil resistor is formed by vacuum melting to form nichrome, then the nichrome is manufactured into metal foil by rolling, then the metal foil is bonded on an alumina ceramic substrate, and then the shape of the metal foil is controlled by a photoetching process, so that the resistor is controlled. The resistance of the metal foil is the resistance that can be controlled to the best performance at present. The chip of the metal foil resistor is sealed in the metal shell, so that the resistor chip is not easily influenced by external environment in the working process. However, compared with the mounting precision resistor, the metal foil resistor has larger packaging size, and is a plug-in component, the resistor body and the peripheral circuit form a closed circuit together, so that the loop area is increased. Inside the electric energy meter, there are magnetic field interference that the current channel produced, and external other constantly changing magnetic field interference, when alternating magnetic field passes through the loop, can form the induced electromotive force of equidimension and direction, and induced current stacks in the circuit, influences the accuracy of output voltage.
The induced voltage of the alternating magnetic field generated in the closed loop can be obtained according to the law of electromagnetic induction:
φB=B(t)×A×cos(θ)(2)
B(t)=Bmax×sin(ωt)(3)
Wherein V RMS is the effective value of the induced voltage, V max is the maximum induced voltage, N is the number of turns of the coil, Φ B is the magnetic flux, t is time, B (t) is the magnetic field strength of the alternating magnetic field, a is the loop area, θ is the angle between the magnetic field direction and the loop normal direction, B max is the maximum value of the magnetic field strength, ω is the angular frequency.
As can be seen from the equation, the current loop area a is proportional to the induced voltage generated by the circuit.
It can be seen that although the metal foil resistance can alleviate the problem of the influence of the space magnetic field by the space magnetic field shielding method, the method requires that the shielding material has high magnetic permeability and enough thickness, and is difficult to realize.
Further, as shown in fig. 3, the circuit layout of the resistor divider circuit only considers reducing the loop area of the circuit, but because the package size of the insertion resistor is larger, and because the input is a strong electric signal, considering the problems of leakage of strong voltage between boards and interference of electric field, a certain safety distance needs to be ensured, and a certain loop area is necessarily present in the circuit.
The circuit layout area A in the figure is 200mm 2, and assuming that an alternating magnetic field with a magnetic field strength B (t) of 0.2mT exists around the circuit and the magnetic field frequency is 50Hz, the effective value V RMS of the induced voltage generated in the loop is calculated to be about 8.9 mu V by bringing the magnetic field frequency into formulas (1) - (3). The alternating magnetic field generates induced voltage, so that induced current is superposed in the circuit, the output voltage at two ends of the divider resistor R6 is directly influenced, and the measurement accuracy is reduced.
Disclosure of utility model
The utility model provides an alternating magnetic field interference resistant circuit of a voltage sampling loop and a standard electric energy meter thereof, which are used for solving the problems that the layout of the voltage sampling loop of the existing standard electric energy meter reduces the area of the loop as far as possible, but a certain single loop area still exists, so that induced voltage is generated in the circuit, the accuracy of voltage sampling is affected and the like.
The utility model provides an alternating magnetic field interference resistant circuit of a voltage sampling loop and a standard electric energy meter thereof, and the alternating magnetic field interference resistant circuit comprises an input end and an output end, wherein the positive electrode of the input end is signal input, the positive electrode of the output end is signal output, the negative electrodes of the input end and the output end are grounded, 2N plug-in resistors, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, the 2N plug-in resistors are symmetrically arranged, the first plug-in resistor is connected with the other side of the input end, the 2N plug-in resistors are connected with the other side of the output end, the 2N plug-in resistors are connected in series by adopting a cross wiring to form 2M loops, and M is a positive integer.
Optionally, the 2N plug-in resistors are connected to a target circuit board, and the target circuit board is perpendicular to the alternating magnetic field.
Optionally, the specifications of each of the package resistors are the same.
Alternatively, the current direction of each loop is opposite, and the loop area of each loop tends to be the same.
Optionally, the symmetrical plug-in resistors in each loop form a first induced electromotive force and a second induced electromotive force respectively, and the direction of the first induced electromotive force is opposite to the direction of the second induced electromotive force, and the induced voltage value of the first induced electromotive force is the same as the induced voltage value of the second induced electromotive force.
The second aspect of the utility model provides a standard electric energy meter, which adopts the alternating magnetic field interference resistant circuit of the voltage sampling loop.
Compared with the traditional electromagnetic shielding method for carrying out multilayer shielding by adopting high-permeability materials, the alternating magnetic field interference resistant circuit and the standard electric energy meter of the voltage sampling circuit provided by the utility model are optimized in layout aiming at the precise devices and circuits of the voltage sampling circuit of the 0.01-level standard electric energy meter on the basis of the traditional voltage sampling circuit, and influence of an alternating magnetic field on the horizontal direction and the vertical direction of the circuit is optimized, so that interference of the alternating magnetic field on the circuit is weakened in multiple dimensions, the accuracy of a voltage sampling signal is ensured, the cost is lower, and the implementation is convenient.
Additional aspects and advantages of the utility model will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the utility model.
Drawings
The foregoing and/or additional aspects and advantages of the utility model will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a voltage sampling circuit using a resistor voltage division method in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a metal foil resistance;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a circuit layout of a conventional voltage sampling circuit, wherein J1 is a signal input terminal, J2 is a signal output terminal, R1-R5 are upper voltage dividing resistors, and R6 is a lower voltage dividing resistor;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of an anti-AC magnetic field interference circuit of a voltage sampling circuit according to the present utility model;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of an AC magnetic field disturbance resistant circuit of a voltage sampling loop when 6 metal foil resistors are selected;
Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of an anti-alternating magnetic field interference circuit of the voltage sampling loop when 8 metal foil resistors are selected.
Reference numerals illustrate:
The alternating magnetic field interference resistant circuit of the 40-voltage sampling loop, a 401-input end, a 402-output end and 403-2N plug-in resistors.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present utility model are described in detail below, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to like or similar elements or elements having like or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are illustrative and intended to explain the present utility model and should not be construed as limiting the utility model.
The alternating magnetic field interference resistant circuit of the voltage sampling loop and the standard electric energy meter thereof are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Aiming at the problems that the prior standard electric energy meter voltage sampling loop mentioned in the background center can not only generate electromagnetic interference for interfering with the voltage sampling loop and other devices in the operation process, but also be influenced by a space electromagnetic field so as to reduce the accuracy of voltage measurement, the embodiment provides an alternating magnetic field interference resistant circuit for the voltage sampling loop.
Specifically, fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of an anti-alternating magnetic field interference circuit of the voltage sampling circuit provided by the utility model.
As shown in fig. 4, the alternating magnetic field interference resisting circuit 40 of the voltage sampling circuit comprises an input end 401, an output end 402 and 2N insertion resistors 403, wherein N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2.
The positive electrode of the input terminal 401 is a signal input, and the negative electrode of the input terminal 401 is grounded. The positive pole of the output terminal 402 is the signal output, and the negative pole of the output terminal 402 is grounded. The 2N plug-in resistors 403 are symmetrically arranged and connected on the target circuit board, the target circuit board is perpendicular to the alternating magnetic field, the first plug-in resistor is connected with the other side of the input end 401, the 2N plug-in resistor 403 is connected with the other side of the output end 402, the 2N plug-in resistors 403 are connected in series by adopting crossed wires, 2M loops are formed, and M is a positive integer.
For example, as shown in fig. 5, in the case of n=3, the anti-alternating magnetic field interference circuit of the voltage sampling circuit includes a first metal foil resistor R1, a second metal foil resistor R2, a third metal foil resistor R3, a fourth metal foil resistor R4, a fifth metal foil resistor R5 and a sixth metal foil resistor R6,6 plug-in resistors 403 are symmetrically arranged on a target circuit board perpendicular to the alternating magnetic field, a negative terminal of the first metal foil resistor R1 is connected to the other side of the input terminal 401, a positive terminal of the first metal foil resistor R1 is connected to a negative terminal of the second metal foil resistor R2, a positive terminal of the second metal foil resistor R2 is connected to a negative terminal of the third metal foil resistor R3, a positive terminal of the third metal foil resistor R3 is connected to a positive terminal of the fourth metal foil resistor R4, a negative terminal of the fourth metal foil resistor R4 is connected to a positive terminal of the fifth metal foil resistor R5, a negative terminal of the fifth metal foil resistor R5 is connected to a positive terminal of the sixth metal foil resistor R6, and the other side of the sixth metal foil resistor R6 is connected to the other side of the output terminal of the output resistor R1 a and the other side of the loop 402 is formed.
As shown in fig. 6, in the case of n=4, the alternating magnetic field interference resistance circuit of the voltage sampling circuit includes a first metal foil resistor R1, a second metal foil resistor R2, a third metal foil resistor R3, a fourth metal foil resistor R4, a fifth metal foil resistor R5, a sixth metal foil resistor R6, a seventh metal foil resistor R7, and an eighth metal foil resistor R8,8 plug-in resistors 403 are symmetrically arranged on a target circuit board perpendicular to the alternating magnetic field, the negative terminal of the first metal foil resistor R1 is connected to the other side of the input terminal 401, the positive terminal of the first metal foil resistor R1 is connected to the negative terminal of the second metal foil resistor R2, the positive terminal of the second metal foil resistor R2 is connected to the negative terminal of the third metal foil resistor R3, the positive terminal of the third metal foil resistor R3 is connected to the negative terminal of the fourth metal foil resistor R4, the positive terminal of the fourth metal foil resistor R4 is connected to the positive terminal of the fifth metal foil resistor R5, the negative terminal of the fifth metal foil resistor R5 is connected to the negative terminal of the sixth metal foil resistor R6, the positive terminal of the fifth metal foil resistor R5 is connected to the positive terminal of the seventh metal foil resistor R7, and the negative terminal of the eighth metal foil resistor R8 is connected to the positive terminal of the seventh metal foil resistor R4 a, and the negative terminal of the eighth metal foil resistor R4 is connected to the positive terminal of the seventh metal foil resistor R2 is connected to the positive terminal of the fourth metal foil resistor R2 A2.
In some embodiments, the specifications of each of the package resistors are the same.
Specifically, the specifications of each of the plug-in resistors are the same, so that 2N plug-in resistors 403 can be placed at will, so long as they are symmetrically arranged.
In some embodiments, the current direction of each loop is opposite and the loop area of each loop tends to be the same.
Specifically, as shown in fig. 5, when n=3 is taken as an example, in the circuit with the cross wiring, since the inductive signals generated in the loops with opposite currents cancel each other, the area enclosed by the input circuit and the area enclosed by the output circuit need to be ensured to be as equal as possible, and the number of loops formed in the circuit is as even as possible, so that the interference generated in the circuit can be mutually neutralized under the effect of external electromagnetic interference, and the interference of the alternating magnetic field to the loop area in the plane direction of the circuit board is reduced.
In some embodiments, the symmetrical plug-in resistors in each loop form a first induced electromotive force and a second induced electromotive force, respectively, and the direction of the first induced electromotive force is opposite to the direction of the second induced electromotive force, and the induced voltage value of the first induced electromotive force is the same as the induced voltage value of the second induced electromotive force.
Specifically, when the magnetic field passes through the loops in the vertical direction, electromotive force is formed on the insertion resistors, and because 2N insertion resistors are symmetrically arranged and the number of the insertion resistors in each loop is even, the electromotive force counteracts each other, thereby reducing electromagnetic interference of the alternating magnetic field to the loops in the vertical circuit board direction.
The working principle of the alternating magnetic field interference resistant circuit of the voltage sampling loop provided by the utility model is further described below by a specific example.
As shown in fig. 5, taking n=3 as an example, 6 metal foil resistors are selected, and two loops with opposite currents and as equal area as possible are formed by means of cross wiring.
The area of the loop A1 is about 120mm 2, the area of the loop A2 is about 110mm 2, an alternating magnetic field perpendicular to the loop plane exists around the circuit, the magnetic field strength B (t) is 0.2mT, the magnetic field frequency is 50Hz, the effective value V RMS of the induced voltage generated by the loop A1 in the circuit is calculated to be about 5.3 mu V, the current of the loop A2 is in the opposite direction, and the effective value V RMS of the induced voltage generated by the loop A1 is about-4.9 mu V. Therefore, the effective value of the induced voltage generated in the circuit is 0.4 mu V, which is reduced by about 23 times compared with the induced voltage generated in the circuit layout of FIG. 3, so that the influence of the alternating magnetic field on the loop in the horizontal direction of the circuit is greatly reduced.
In the design of the circuit, the number of the plug-in resistors in each loop is required to be even and symmetrically arranged. In the case of a loop in which a magnetic field is formed in a direction perpendicular to the circuit board by the insertion resistor, electromotive forces are formed at both ends of the resistor, and as shown in the drawing, in the loop A1, induced electromotive forces formed by the metal foil resistor R2 and the metal foil resistor R3 and induced electromotive forces formed by the metal foil resistor R4 and the metal foil resistor R5 are opposite in direction and cancel each other, and in the loop A2, induced electromotive forces formed by the metal foil resistor R1 and the metal foil resistor R6 cancel each other similarly. Therefore, the plug-in resistors are symmetrically arranged, and the interference of the weak alternating magnetic field on the vertical direction of the circuit can be effectively reduced.
The alternating magnetic field interference resistant circuit of the voltage sampling loop provided by the utility model has the following beneficial effects:
(1) Aiming at the problem of interference of alternating magnetic fields to the horizontal direction of a circuit, an even number of loops are formed in the circuit in a cross wiring circuit layout mode, the current directions of the loops are opposite, and the areas are as equal as possible, so that mutual cancellation of magnetic field interference is realized, and the internal neutralization capacity of the circuit to external electromagnetic interference is enhanced;
(2) Aiming at the problem of interference of an alternating magnetic field to the vertical direction of a circuit, a new device layout mode is adopted, the number of the plug-in resistors is selected to be even in each circuit loop and symmetrically arranged, so that mutual cancellation of electromotive forces formed on the plug-in devices under the interference of the alternating magnetic field is ensured, and the electromagnetic interference of the alternating magnetic field to the loop in the vertical direction of the circuit board is reduced;
(3) The electromagnetic shielding effect is achieved by optimizing the circuit layout and the device layout, the cost is low, and the implementation is convenient.
The standard electric energy meter provided by the utility model adopts the alternating magnetic field interference resistant circuit of the voltage sampling loop.
In the description of the present specification, a description referring to terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present utility model. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or N embodiments or examples. Furthermore, the different embodiments or examples described in this specification and the features of the different embodiments or examples may be combined and combined by those skilled in the art without contradiction.
Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and the like, are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying a relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defining "a first" or "a second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present utility model, "N" means at least two, for example, two, three, etc., unless specifically defined otherwise.
Claims (6)
1. An alternating magnetic field interference resistant circuit of a voltage sampling loop, comprising:
The positive electrode of the input end is signal input, the positive electrode of the output end is signal output, and the negative electrodes of the input end and the output end are grounded;
2N plug-in resistors, N is a positive integer greater than or equal to 2, the 2N plug-in resistors are symmetrically arranged, the first plug-in resistor is connected with the other side of the input end, the 2N-th plug-in resistor is connected with the other side of the output end, and the 2N-th plug-in resistors are connected in series by adopting cross wiring to form 2M loops, wherein M is a positive integer.
2. The alternating magnetic field interference resistant circuit of claim 1, wherein the 2N plug-in resistors are connected to a target circuit board, and the target circuit board is perpendicular to the alternating magnetic field.
3. The alternating magnetic field interference rejection circuit of claim 1, wherein the specifications of each of the package resistors are identical.
4. The alternating magnetic field interference rejection circuit of claim 1, wherein the current direction of each loop is opposite and the loop area of each loop tends to be the same.
5. The alternating magnetic field interference resistant circuit of claim 4, wherein symmetrical plug-in resistors in each loop form a first induced electromotive force and a second induced electromotive force respectively, and the direction of the first induced electromotive force is opposite to the direction of the second induced electromotive force, and the induced voltage value of the first induced electromotive force is the same as the induced voltage value of the second induced electromotive force.
6. A standard electric energy meter, characterized in that the standard electric energy meter adopts the alternating magnetic field interference resistant circuit of the voltage sampling loop according to any one of claims 1-5.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202421341922.4U CN223078395U (en) | 2024-06-12 | 2024-06-12 | Alternating magnetic field interference resistant circuit of voltage sampling loop and standard electric energy meter thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202421341922.4U CN223078395U (en) | 2024-06-12 | 2024-06-12 | Alternating magnetic field interference resistant circuit of voltage sampling loop and standard electric energy meter thereof |
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| CN223078395U true CN223078395U (en) | 2025-07-08 |
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