DE102005022503A1 - Tool for producing or re-machining threads, has thread-forming teeth with thread-forming profiles that protrude outwards from carrier body - Google Patents

Abstract

The tool is rotatably about and axis, and comprises at least one carrier body and multiple thread forming teeth for chipless production of a thread. The thread-forming teeth have respective thread-forming profiles that protrude outwards from the carrier body, with a first side region, a central region and a second side region. An independent claim is included for a method of producing or re-machining a thread.

Description

The The invention relates to a tool and a method, each for Creation of a thread.

to non-cutting threading are known thread forming tools, which are based on a deformation of the workpiece and by pressure in the workpiece create the thread. Fall under these non-cutting thread producers the so-called thread ladder, which has a tool shank and a have at this trained work area. The tool shank is usually at least approximate cylindrical and with his from the workpiece taken away end in the chuck of a threaded generating device and kept. The work area is one along the perimeter spirally provided circumferential thread, which is the counter-mold to be generated Thread represents, and usually has an approximately polygonal Cross-section on, so that along the spiral staggered further outward protruding pegs or corner regions for forming formed under reducing the clamping forces are.

to Creation of a thread in an existing hole is the Gewindefurcher with the work area ahead with a corresponding Feed axially to the longitudinal axis of the tool shank and introduced into the bore with rotation about this longitudinal axis. there become the teeth or wedges of the thread on the thread furrow in the surface of workpiece or the bore pressed. The material of the workpiece is predominantly radial, that is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis pushed away from the hole. Part of the deformed material is solidified, another part into the depressions or grooves between the shaped wedges or teeth of the Thrust thread crowded, finally a thread in the workpiece is produced.

Out WO 02/094491 A1 are a thread forming tool and a method for Chipless threading known. The elongated tool includes a work area with one or more annular grooves separated annular Peripheral region (s) that is non-circular in the center or are, in particular surveys in the manner of a polygon has. This tool is now in the process according to WO 02/094491 A1 under rotation around its own axis into a hole with a larger diameter than the tool introduced and performs a circular one Movement along the circumference of the bore and at the same time a feed movement into the bore and thereby formed without cutting the thread in the bore. The thread is according to WO 02/094491 A1 so not by means of a spiral, the thread pitch adapted shaping of the thread rolling with only axial feed shaped, but by means of annular and thus stepless and at the same time polygonal in cross-section Shaping and a spiral Movement of the tool combined with a rotation about its own longitudinal axis

It Now is the object of the invention, a new tool and a new one Method for producing a thread, in particular for generating an internal thread.

These Task is in terms of the tool with the features of the claim 1 and with regard to the method having the features of the claim 38 solved. Advantageous embodiments and further developments of the tool and of the method according to the invention emerge from the dependent claims of claim 1 and claim 38 respectively claims.

The Tool for producing a thread, in particular for generating an internal thread or external thread, according to claim 1 is a combination tool that can be machined as well works without cutting and at least one cutting (or: working spanend) area with at least one cutting edge and at least one Has thread forming area.

In a first variant is at least one cutting area suitable for producing or preparing a workpiece surface for the thread and determines and is then at least one thread forming area for non-cutting Generating the thread provided by pressing or molding in this workpiece surface.

In a second, also combinable with the first variant variant is at least one cutting area for machining a pilot thread (or: rough thread) in the or a workpiece surface for the thread suitable and determined and is then at least one thread forming area for non-cutting reworking, in particular smoothing or further shaping, the Vorgewindes by impressions or molding provided in the workpiece surface. The workpiece surface points So here before the molding process on a Vorgewinde.

With the tool in the first variant, it is also possible to generate a thread in the solid material of a workpiece, since the cutting area produces the workpiece surface for the thread forming area by removing material from the workpiece itself. So it's a pre-editing the workpiece, in particular the Vorerzeugen a hole (core hole) in an internal thread, not necessary, although of course additionally possible.

The Combination of the two variants involves in particular the possibility that a first cutting area the workpiece surface, in particular the, generally cylindrical, wall sections of the work piece as outer wall for a external thread or as inner wall for one internal thread, prepared by material removal, a second cutting area in this from the first cutting area prepared workpiece surface that Vorgewinde incorporated and finally at least one thread forming area Pre-thread without cutting reworked or finished.

Of the Machining area for machining the workpiece surface in the first Variant is preferably designed as a drill, in particular with continuous cutting or continuous engagement of the cutting edge (s) into the material of the workpiece, but also as a router be formed, ie in particular with discontinuous or interrupted cut or with discontinuous engagement of Cut (n) into the material of the workpiece.

Analogous is the cutting area for machining the lead screw in the second variant in an advantageous embodiment a tap, so works especially with continuous Cut, or in another embodiment, a thread milling cutter works so with interrupted cut.

• a) ein Werkzeug gemäß der Erfindung um seine Werkzeugachse gedreht wird und zumindest mit einer Vorschubbewegung entlang einer Vorschubrichtung axial oder parallel zur Werkzeugachse relativ zu einem Werkstück bewegt wird,
• b) mit dem wenigstens einen spanabhebenden Bereich des Werkzeugs eine vorgegebene oder vorgebbare Werkstückoberfläche eines Werkstückes hergestellt wird,
• c) mit dem wenigstens einen Gewindeformbereich spanlos das Gewinde durch Eindrücken oder Einformen des Gewindeformbereichs in die Werkstückoberfläche erzeugt wird.

In particular, as a working method for such a tool according to the invention, in particular in the first variant, a method for producing or producing a thread is proposed according to claim 38, in which

• a) a tool according to the invention is rotated about its tool axis and at least with a feed movement along a feed direction is moved axially or parallel to the tool axis relative to a workpiece,
• b) with the at least one cutting area of the tool a predetermined or predefinable workpiece surface of a workpiece is produced,
• c) with the at least one thread forming area without cutting the thread is produced by pressing or molding the thread forming area in the workpiece surface.

• a) Drehen eines Werkzeuges gemäß der Erfindung um seine Werkzeugachse und Bewegen des Werkzeugs relativ zu einem Werkstück zumindest mit einer Vorschubbewegung entlang einer Vorschubrichtung axial oder parallel zur Werkzeugachse,
• b) Erzeugen eines Vorgewindes in einer Werkstückoberfläche eines Werkstückes mit dem wenigstens einen (sich um die Werkzeugachse drehenden und mit der Vorschubbewegung bewegten) spanabhebenden Bereich des Werkzeugs,
• c) Nachbearbeiten des Vorgewindes mit dem wenigstens einen (sich um die Werkzeugachse drehenden und mit der Vorschubbewegung bewegten) Gewindeformbereich durch Eindrücken oder Einformen des Gewindeformbereichs in die Werkstückoberfläche im Vorgewinde.

Another embodiment of a method for producing a thread according to claim 38 is particularly suitable as a working method for a tool according to the invention, in particular in the second variant, and comprises the method steps:

• a) rotating a tool according to the invention about its tool axis and moving the tool relative to a workpiece at least with a feed movement along a feed direction axially or parallel to the tool axis,
• b) generating a preliminary thread in a workpiece surface of a workpiece with the at least one cutting tool (rotating about the tool axis and moving with the feed movement) of the tool,
• c) reworking of the preliminary thread with the at least one (rotating about the tool axis and moving with the feed motion) thread forming area by pressing or molding the thread forming area in the workpiece surface in Vorgewinde.

The Tool can now in a first basic embodiment only with the axial or linear feed motion in the feed direction relative to the workpiece to be moved.

In this embodiment with axial only Feed, the thread forming area preferably has a shape on, which is composed of the rotational movement and feed movement Movement of the thread forming area is reflected on the thread in the workpiece, in particular a helical or helical (or: helically) ongoing basic shape with the same slope as the generated or to generating threads. This forming thread of the thread forming area on the tool approximates the counter-mold to the testifying thread in the workpiece and usually includes several threads. A thread corresponds doing a revolution or a turn of the spiral or helix around the tool. In longitudinal section or in the thread profile, the thread forming region thus essentially a serrated shape on alternating teeth and grooves. This embodiment the thread forming area corresponds to an (axial) thread pitch area.

In another fundamental embodiment will be added to the axial or linear feed motion, the tool also with a circular motion or circular feed motion around one moved central axis of rotation, said axis of rotation parallel to the tool axis directed and is circled by this circular. It results So in particular a helical movement on a cylinder with the axis of rotation as the cylinder axis.

In this embodiment indicates each thread forming area because of the already helical movement of the tool generally a ringfömige basic shape around the tool axis on, so a course substantially perpendicular to the tool axis and without pitch with circumferential grooves and ridges or teeth or like. It can then one or more parallel or juxtaposed thread forming area (s) provided be. A desired Number of thread turns or thread turns of the thread to be formed is determined by the number of axially successively arranged thread forming areas and the number of rounds of the tool in the circular motion or along the helix or Spiral generated. This embodiment corresponds to the circular forms (or: circular furrow) and the associated thread forming area is intended as a circular thread forming area or short circular forming area be designated.

Of the Machining area can now be the workpiece surface or the preload in a separate step or simultaneously with the same Create working movement such as the thread forming area. In a separate Work movement in its own step can be the cutting Area first independently from the working movement of the thread forming area during thread forming working axially or circularly. In a single work movement The cutting area and tapping area move synchronously. For example, the cutting area may be an axial drilling area a hole or workpiece surface one exclusively generate axial feed motion or as a circular working drilling area by a circular feed movement in each case under rotation of the Tool in the cutting sense of the drilling area.

In a further education can also as sole or additional cutting area opposite to the feed direction to the thread forming area adjacent cutting area for generating one, especially opposite a threaded core, enlarged, in particular stepped or chamfered, entrance area or mouth area be provided of the thread.

In In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the one or more Cutting area (s) and the thread forming area (s) so coupled or connected together that they are common are rotatable or rotating about a tool axis. It is generally a direction of rotation or sense of rotation in which the tool is operated or for the at least one machining area or the arrangement of whose at least one cutting edge is designed. The at least one Thread forming area also works in this direction of rotation. In a symmetrical embodiment would it be also possible that the tool would be usable in both turning senses.

Preferably is for the tool, in particular its at least one cutting area or the arrangement of its at least one cutting edge and its at least one thread forming area, a predetermined feed direction axially awarded to the tool axis. As a rule, a free moves or frontal end of the tool in the feed direction.

When pressing lands or molded wedges or molded teeth the following are the areas of the thread forming area, which at least partially penetrate into the workpiece surface to the thread to mold. The press studs or mold wedges usually take in their cross-section from the outside or rejuvenate radially outward. A thread forming area may comprise a plurality of press studs or mold wedges. The pressing or impact profiles of successive press studs or mold wedges may vary, For example, in the latitudes and / or heights and / or in gradations change and complement each other in particular to a common or superimposed profile of action is reflected on the thread profile in the workpiece.

at a cutting area for generating a Vorgewindes may also the thread milling tooth profiles distinguish between adjacent cutting teeth and overlap to a common profile of action. By suitable Matching the effective profiles of thread milling teeth of a thread milling area and the knitting profiles of thread forming teeth of a subsequent thread forming area can also targeted selective generation of the thread profile with only milled or only shaped sections can be achieved. For example, when cutting the Vorgewindes already produced the flanks of the finished Thread profile and the subsequent forms only the thread root be formed further.

in the Generally, the thread forming area has approximately one cross section polygonal or polygon-derived shape. This will achieved that the thread forming area only with the corner areas the polygon penetrates into the workpiece surface, whereby the clamping friction is greatly reduced during the rotational movement.

In most applications, the tool, usually after generating the thread, in a direction opposite to the feed direction return direction again retrieved from the workpiece or retracted to edit a new workpiece or a new thread can. There In most cases, the tool continues to be rotated about its tool axis so as not to lose any machining time for starting the rotary drive.

at the return movement But the thread already created must not by the at least one cutting area, in particular the axial upstream drilling or milling area, damaged become. This can be done by one or more of the following measures be prevented.

In front especially in the cases in which a cutting area larger radial (distance from tool axis) Dimensions than the thread forming area is a first measure Advantageously, the cutting area or its cutting edge (s), in particular its peripheral cutting, in the axial extent smaller than the push lugs or form teeth form the thread forming area and / or form (slim), that the cutting edge (s) or at least the peripheral cutting edge (s) in the Thread grooves or the thread of or one of the thread forming area created thread fits or fit. It can then be the cutting Area, in particular in the circular forms, in particular by a circular or axial return movement with rotation around the tool axis can be practically "threaded" through the thread created, without the To destroy the thread. At one (only) axial return movement The tool with its tool axis is coaxial with the central axis aligned with the thread or central axis of rotation and with each adapted to the thread pitch rotation about the tool axis and axial return speed moved out of the thread. In a circular return movement, the tool axis parallel and at a predetermined distance (a predetermined Eccentricity) aligned to the central axis of rotation or thread axis and the tool in a circular motion helical from the thread if necessary below Rotation moved around the tool axis. The sense of rotation or direction of rotation the circular motion is then especially in circular thread forming opposite to the circular motion during thread generation.

alternative or additionally to this restriction the axial extent of the cutting area below the Inner dimension of the thread cross-section can also follow the following advantageous measure be provided. The radial extent or the diameter of the cutting area is chosen only so large that it is at most the core diameter of the thread forming area to be formed thread corresponds, so that the cutting area are pulled axially out of the thread can and always within the core area of the thread (Parent) of the thread remains. This can also make an unwanted Engaging the cutting edge (s) of the cutting area in the already generated Thread can be avoided.

These second measure is particularly advantageous in a drilling area or Stirnfräsbereich than cutting area, which has the hole for the thread with a Core diameter of the thread corresponding diameter generated, preferably as an axial drilling area or end milling area by an axial Movement of the tool along its tool axis coaxial with Thread axis and with rotation about the tool axis in the direction of rotation of the drilling area. For an axial thread ridge area as axial The thread forming area following the cutting area becomes then preferably the thread with the same axial feed movement or a further axial movement in the core hole pressed. at a circular thread forming area following axially on the cutting area On the other hand, the tool is preferably radially outward to Bore inner surface delivered following the axial drilling or milling movement and then the thread is created by circular movement of the tool. However, you have to now the mold wedges of the thread forming area the entire thread turn depth in the material of the workpiece push in and not as usual when threading only up to the edge diameter at about half of the form teeth. But now stands between the teeth in a common design possibly no longer enough space for the molding by the impressing forming teeth displaced Material of the workpiece to disposal.

Out For this reason, in a particularly advantageous embodiment between the adjacent teeth or shaped wedges in particular in the axial direction recesses or Under cuts or additional housing spaces provided in the tool to receive the displaced material. The corresponding inwardly projecting into the internal thread projections of the Workpiece material, which arise as the complement of the recesses in the tool now preferably afterwards removed, preferably with a cutting area of the tool, which is designed as Kernreibbereich or core cutting (s) (s) and a smooth clean thread core produced.

As a rule, the tool axis is a longitudinal axis and / or main axis of inertia of the tool and / or an axis running centrally through the tool. A tool shank of the tool is generally substantially cylindrical, that is substantially circular in cross section, shaped, and is supported at one end in a jig or a tool holder or a tool chuck of a machine tool Tert or clamped or clamped. The tool shank can also have any other cross-sectional shapes in addition to the circular shape. The tool shank can have an enlarging or reducing and / or a cross section that changes in shape along the tool axis.

Machining (r) Area (s) and / or thread forming area (s) may be integral with the tool shank be formed or as a prefabricated (s) part (s) with this be connected, for example, shrunk or soldered or welded or glued or screwed on. Furthermore, additional Wear-resistant coatings be applied to the tool or its work areas. It is particularly advantageous if the tool shank consists of a Tool steel, in particular made of a high-speed steel is. This can be, for example, a high-speed steel (HSS steel) or cobalt-alloyed high-speed steel (HSS-E-steel) be. The work areas are preferably made of carbide or made of a hard metal alloy, in particular P-steel or K-steel or cermet, or of cemented carbide, in particular of tungsten carbide or titanium nitride or titanium carbide or titanium carbonitride or aluminum oxide, or from a cutting ceramic, in particular polycrystalline boron nitride (PKB), or made of polycrystalline diamond (PCD).

At least a thread forming area has in a particular embodiment preferably at least in a partial area opposite to the feed direction, preferably conical or linear, increasing outer diameter. That the Tapered area tapered in the feed direction, for example, has the advantage that the penetration of the first pressure lugs into the workpiece surface or the inner wall of the bore is facilitated. It can be advantageous also be if at least one thread forming area counter Having a feed direction constant outside diameter.

Especially it is preferred if at least one thread forming area opposes the feed direction a region with increasing outer diameter, also referred to as a shaping area or starting area, and then a Area with constant outer diameter, also as a management area or calibration range denoted. The management area primarily serves as a guide of the tool in the thread so that provided for threading Force in the shaping area evenly and thereby as possible lossless on the surface of the Transfer workpiece becomes. At the same time, the management area have the function, the generated thread surface or the thread flanks to smooth and to calibrate. As a result, the thread can be made very accurately become.

there it is also conceivable the area with increasing outer diameter and the area of constant outer diameter of different To produce materials. For example, for the area with increasing outer diameter a harder one and thus more wear-resistant Material to be used and for the management area a cheaper, less hard

In a particularly advantageous embodiment are at least on the circumference a thread forming area and / or at least one cutting Area one or more grooves or provided in the tool channels to the leadership a fluid medium, in particular a coolant and / or lubricant and / or air such as compressed air or cold air to reduce friction and / or the heat development too reduce and the resulting heat dissipate, and / or for removal the generated chips (flutes). The grooves or channels can straight and / or parallel or axial to the tool axis and / or or aslant to the tool axis and / or in the longitudinal direction of the tool or even twisted around the tool axis or helical (Twist grooves), so twisted or with a rotation around the circumference of the tool or tool axis, be formed.

In the flutes can now at least the cutting edge (s) of the or each cutting area and / or the pressing lug (s) the or each thread forming portion of the groove set back to protect against damage or wear by the chips.

The Invention will also be described below with regard to further features and Advantages based on the description of exemplary embodiments and with reference explained in more detail in the accompanying drawings. Show it

1 a perspective view of a combined circular thread forming and drilling tool with a Bohrformkopf,

2 the circular thread drill head of the tool 1 in a perspective view,

3 the tool after 1 in a longitudinal section with soldered drill head,

4 the tool after 1 and 3 in a front view on the front side,

5 in a longitudinal section one to 3 and 4 alternative embodiment of the tool according to 1 , with a drill head bolted to the shaft,

6 the tool according to 5 in a front view on the front side,

7 in perspective view an alternative circular drill thread former,

8th in a longitudinal section of a part of the working head of the tool 7 .

9 the tool after 7 during work on a workpiece,

10 in perspective view another circular drill thread former,

11 in a longitudinal section a part of the working head of a development of the tool 10 .

12 in perspective view another circular drill thread former,

13 in a longitudinal section, a part of the working head of a with the tool after 12 comparable tool,

14 in a perspective view a circular fiber drill thread former,

15 in a longitudinal section, a part of the working head of a with the tool after 14 comparable tool,

16 the tool after 14 during work on a workpiece,

17 the tool after 14 during work on a workpiece,

18 1 is a perspective view of a further circular drill thread former with chamfer to the shank for the circular chamfering of a through hole;

19 1 is a perspective view of a circular drill thread former with chamfer to the shank for axial chamfering of a through hole;

20 the tool after 18 respectively. 19 during work on a workpiece,

21 the tool after 18 in the circular chamfering of a through hole,

22 the tool after 19 during axial chamfering of a through-hole,

23 in perspective view of a circular drill thread forming with an additional chamfer between the working head and shaft for double-sided circular chamfering a through hole

24 the tool after 23 in the two-sided circular chamfering of a through hole,

25 in perspective view another circular thread former without drilling area, but with a chamfer to the shaft,

26 in perspective view a spiral drill thread guide,

27 in a schematic plan view of the tool 26 when used on a workpiece,

28 a partial section along the line AA in 27 .

29 a full section along the line AA in 27 .

30 a partial section along the line BB in 27 .

31 in a perspective view a spiral drill thread chamfer with chamfer to the shaft for chamfering,

32 in a perspective view a spiral drill tap with relief groove,

33 in a perspective view a spiral drill thread guide designed for an axial retraction movement,

34 in a longitudinal section of a part of the working head of the tool 33 .

35 based on a sectional view of the operation of the tool 33 and 34 , here after the pre-drilling step,

36 in connection to 35 the workpiece after the step circular formers,

37 in connection to 36 the workpiece after the step core rubbing,

38 in perspective another tool,

39 in a longitudinal section part of the Working head of one with the tool 38 comparable tool,

40 in a longitudinal section one to 39 alternative working head one with the tool 38 comparable tool, and

41 in perspective another tool.

Corresponding parts and sizes are in 1 to 41 provided with the same reference numerals.

1 to 6 show embodiments of a combined tool 2 according to the invention, with a tool shank 13 and one on the tool shank 13 attached working head 17 , At the tool 2 it is a combined circular thread forming and drilling tool that works as a combined working head 17 having a drill head. The working head 17 includes a cutting area 3 and a thread forming area 4 , both about a tool axis A (see 2 ) are rotatable.

2 shows the working head 17 this tool 2 which here is a circular thread drill head, in isolation. His orientation to the tool 2 in the assembled state results from the in 2 drawn tool axis A. The working head 17 is designed to rotate about the tool axis A.

The working head 17 indicates at its intended and in a 2 Feed direction designated V front, free end 5 a drilling area 6 on with two cutting edges designed as cutting edges 8th and peripheral cutting 9 by two twisted grooves 18 are separated from each other. The drilling area 6 forms the cutting area 3 of the tool 2 ,

The grooves 18 also separate to the drilling area 6 subsequent thread forming sections 22 , which together form the thread forming area 4 of the tool 2 form, in each case two sub-areas, each with a mold wedge 14 (or: punching lugs). The mold wedges 14 are also arranged axially twisted and here follow the twist of the grooves 18 , The grooves 18 are used in particular for chip removal when drilling with the drilling area 6 resulting chips.

In the embodiment according to 3 and 4 is the combined working head 17 (here the Bohrformkopf after 2 ) of the tool 2 to 1 on a conical connecting surface 19 with the shaft 13 of the tool 2 soldered.

Show a mounting alternative 5 and 6 , Here is in the shaft 13 and in the working head 17 one central hole each 20a . 20b provided by a long screw 21 for attachment of the working head 17 on the shaft 13 at the of the working head 17 opposite side of the shaft 13 performed or feasible.

In the in 1 to 6 the embodiment shown is the outer radius (maximum radial distance from the tool axis A) or the outer diameter (maximum radial diameter through the tool axis) of the cutting area 3 or the drilling area 6 larger than in the axial counter to the feed direction V subsequent thread forming area 4 that the individual thread forming sections 22 includes. Thus, when machining a workpiece first with the cutting area 3 or the drilling area 6 a bore with a larger core diameter than the outer diameter (maximum radial diameter of the tool 2 through the tool axis A) of the thread forming area 4 or the thread forming sections 22 generated. Subsequently, by delivery of the tool 2 radially to the tool axis A outward with the thread forming area 6 or the thread forming sections 22 in the from the cutting area 3 or drilling area 6 produced bore the thread by circular forms. In a non-through hole (blind hole) generated in this feed movement of the drilling area 6 a radially outwardly projecting end portion of the thread, in a through hole is the drilling area 6 preferably when generating the thread already outside of the workpiece.

7 to 9 show a circular drill thread former. Also this tool 2 has a shaft 13 and a working head 17 on. At a front end of the tool 5 there is a cutting area 3 of the working head 17 , At this borders a thread forming area 4 at.

The cutting area 4 form end cutting 8th and one on the frontal cutting 8th along the tool axis A adjacent milling area 7 with peripheral cutting 9 wherein it is the milling area 7 is a circular milling area. The thread forming area 4 includes many mold wedges 14 (or: punching lugs, furrows). Both the cutting area 3 as well as the thread forming area 4 are of grooved along the tool axis A grooves 18 traversed.

8th shows a longitudinal section through a part of the working head 17 , It can be seen that the outer radius (maximum radial distance from the tool axis) of the pressing lugs 14 increases counter to the feed direction V. Furthermore, the outer radius of all pressing lugs 14 greater than the Au Outside radius of the milling area 7 or the cutting area 3 ,

9 shows the tool 2 , the circular drill thread former, working on a workpiece 55 , The tool 2 generated in this workpiece 55 a thread 50 , For this the tool rotates 2 about its tool axis A and becomes with a feed movement along a feed direction V parallel to the tool axis A relative to the workpiece 55 emotional. In addition to the feed motion, the tool becomes 2 is moved by a circular motion, namely by the tool axis A is rotated about a central axis of rotation B parallel to the tool axis A. The central axis of rotation B substantially coincides with a central axis of the thread to be produced 50 together. During this movement, the cutting area creates 3 of the tool 2 a Vorgewinde in a workpiece surface of the workpiece 55 , This pre-thread is from the thread forming area 4 machined without cutting by impressing or molding the mold wedges 14 into the workpiece surface. After creating the thread 50 can the tool 2 again in a return movement counter to the feed direction V from the workpiece 55 moved out or moved relative to this.

10 also shows a circular drill thread former. This tool 2 largely corresponds to the tool 2 out 7 to 9 , so that reference is made to the statements there for the basic structure. The difference lies in the design of the milling area 7 which is also a circular milling area here. The outer radius (maximum radial distance from the tool axis) of the milling area 7 and thus also the diameter of the milling area 7 are in 10 in comparison to the embodiment according to 7 to 9 increased. Now the outer radius of all push lugs 14 significantly smaller than the outer radius of the milling area 7 or the cutting area 3 ,

With this tool 2 to 10 is first with the milling area 7 creates a hole in a workpiece. Then follows the furrows of the threads through the mold wedges 14 the thread forming area 4 , By means of circular furrows, ie the tool performs in addition to the rotation about its tool axis a circular motion. Due to the larger outer radius of the milling area 7 Compared to the shaped wedges in this case the length of the thread to be generated must be equal to or less than the length of the thread forming area 4 of the tool 2 be.

11 shows in longitudinal section a part of a working head 17 one opposite the one out 10 known tool 2 further developed tool. To recognize here is the enlarged outer radius of the milling area 7 , The outer radius of the mold wedges 14 However, in this embodiment of the tool is constant, ie all mold wedges 14 have the same outer radius. In the 11 illustrated embodiment has a circular-Fasschneide 23 at the front end of the tool 5 opposite end of the milling area 7 on, ie at the transition of the cutting area 3 to the thread furrow area 4 , This circular chamois 23 can be used for through holes in the workpiece to be machined for countersinking the exit side of the workpiece, ie the side on which the tool emerges again after passing through the workpiece from the workpiece.

12 shows another circular drill thread former. This has, in contrast to the above embodiments, a Kernreibbereich 11 with core cutting 12 on. The core cutting 12 are at the periphery of the working head 17 offset to the mold wedges 14 arranged. The core friction areas 11 with the core cutters 12 are of the thread forming areas 4 with the mold wedges 14 through the twisted grooves 18 separated. The core friction area 11 forms a cutting area 3 of the tool 2 , Purpose of the nuclear friction area 11 with the core cutters 12 is the trimming or leveling of a thread core of a thread produced by drilling and / or milling and / or molding of the tool in a workpiece.

13 shows in a longitudinal section a part of the working head 17 one with the tool 2 to 12 comparable tool 2 , This illustration illustrates a possible tooth profile of such a tool 2 , To recognize are two successively arranged rows of teeth. A first row of teeth points from the end of the tool 5 first a roughing tooth 24 up to a cutting area 3 of the tool 2 belongs. On the roughing tooth 24 follow the mold wedges 14 (Furch teeth), here with a constant outer radius, which is greater than the outer radius of the Vorschneidzahnes 24 is. The mold wedges 14 form one or more thread forming areas 4 of the tool 2 , A second row of teeth forms the core friction area 11 and includes the core cutting edges 12 , The core cutting 12 are offset along the tool axis to the mold wedges 14 arranged, in such a way that always a core cutting edge 12 is arranged centrally between two teeth of the first row of teeth. The outer radius of the core cutting edges 12 or the core friction region 11 is significantly smaller than the outer radii of Vorschneidzahn 24 and mold wedges 14 , The core cutting 11 or the core friction areas 11 form one or more cutting areas 3 of the tool 2 ,

14 shows in perspective a further alternative embodiment of the tool, a Zirkularfasbohrgewindefurcher. This has, in contrast to the above circular Bohrwindeformern a Zirkularfasbohrteil 25 at the front end 5 of the tool 2 on.

15 shows in a longitudinal section a part of the working head 17 one with the tool 2 to 14 comparable tool 2 , This illustration illustrates a possible tooth profile of such a tool 2 , At the front end 5 of the tool 2 is the circular fiber drilling part 25 to recognize the opposite to the feed direction V in a peripheral edge 9 passes. This is followed by the mold wedges 14 on, here with increasing outer radius. Here is the outer radius of all mold wedges 14 larger than the outer radius of the peripheral edge 9 ,

The circular fiber drill tap after 14 and 15 is preferably used for drilling pre-cast holes 56 in workpieces 55 , The operation of this tool 2 is in 16 and 17 shown.

First, as in 16 shown with the circular fiber drilling part 25 the existing through hole 56 in the workpiece 55 drilled and with the thread forming area 4 or the wedges 14 the thread 50 fear. This results from the through hole 56 a threaded hole 58 , For the movements in this step, please refer to the explanation 9 directed. Subsequently, as in 17 shown, also with the Zirkularfasbohrteil 25 a circular chamfering of the threaded hole produced 58 at the entrance 52 on the workpiece 55 , where the tool 2 Here, in addition to a rotation about the tool axis A performs a circular motion about the central axis B, the center through the threaded hole produced 58 runs. In this circular movement, however, the tool axis A is further away from the central axis B than in the threading. In the case of circular chamfering, there is also no feed motion of the tool 2 , The result of this step is a chamfer 57 in the workpiece 55 , at the entrance 52 the threaded hole 58 , wherein the throw in the thread core area is removed by the molding process.

18 shows a circular drill thread former with a chamfer 26 (or: bevel cutting area, milled part, milling area) to the shaft 13 for circular chamfering of a through hole 56 or a threaded hole 58 a workpiece 55 , Alternatively shows 19 in a comparable representation, another embodiment of the tool 2 according to the invention, which is a circular drill thread former, although also a bevel 26 to the shaft 13 has, this bevel 26 but is for axial chamfering a through hole 56 or a threaded hole 58 a workpiece 55 certainly.

The structure of the working head 17 of the tool 2 in 18 and 19 corresponds to that already on the basis of 7 described working head 17 , Alternatively, it could be used to drill cast holes in a workpiece 55 the Zirkularfräsbereich the working head are also replaced by a Zirkularfasbohrteil, so that the working head, for example, accordingly 14 is trained.

The difference of the tools 2 to 18 and 19 to the above-described embodiments lies in the chamfer 26 on the shaft 13 , This chamfer 26 (or: bevel cutting area) includes bevel cutting 26a , The external radii of the cutting edges and shaped wedges of the working head 17 are doing so with the bevel 26 matched that when chamfering both the tool 2 to 18 as well as the tool 2 to 19 only the chamfer 26 , Due to the eccentricity of the cutting and forming wedges only an outer area 27 the chamfer 26 , engaged on the workpiece 55 is.

20 to 22 show the tool 2 to 18 respectively. 19 in labor use on a workpiece 55 , 20 shows the circular cutting and furrowing of a thread 50 into the workpiece 55 , This step is with the tools 2 to 18 and after 19 equally feasible. This step is finished as soon as the thread produced 50 through the workpiece 55 passes. Is that thread 50 finished produced, ie there is a through hole 56 with thread 50 and thus a threaded hole 58 through the workpiece 55 before, the next step is the chamfering of the entrance area 52 the threaded hole 58 , 21 shows the circular chamfering with the tool 2 to 18 , whereas 22 axial chamfering with the tool 2 to 19 represents. In both cases, the tool protrudes 2 through the threaded hole created 58 through, in such a way that the working head 17 at one of the entrance area 52 of the workpiece 55 opposite area of the workpiece 55 leaked completely. This brings the chamfer 26 with its outer area 27 at the entrance 52 the threaded hole 58 to lie down and can start there the Anfasarbeit. In circular chamfering, the tool axis A makes a circular motion about a central axis B while the tool 2 itself rotated about its tool axis A. When axial chamfering eliminates the circular motion, the tool 2 only rotates about its tool axis A.

23 shows a circular drill thread mer with an additional bevel 28 (or: bevel cutting area, milled part, milling area) between working head 17 and shaft 13 , A first phase 26 is still directly on the shaft as in the previous embodiment 13 arranged. The chamfers 26 . 28 allow a two-sided, in particular simultaneous circular chamfering of a through hole 56 or a threaded hole 58 in a workpiece 55 ,

24 shows such an operation with the tool 2 to 23 , The one bevel 26 is located at the entrance 52 of the through hole 56 or the threaded hole 58 on, the additional bevel 28 at one of the entrance area 52 opposite exit area 59 , With a corresponding circular movement of the tool axis A about a central axis of rotation B with simultaneous rotation of the tool 2 about its tool axis A becomes the through hole 56 or the threaded hole 58 chamfered on both sides at the same time.

25 shows in perspective another alternative embodiment of the tool 2 , namely a circular thread furrow without drilling area (or: drilling part), but with a chamfer 26 (or: bevel cutting area, milled part, milling area) to the shaft 13 out. This tool 2 creates the thread only with a thread forming area 4 , the shape wedges 14 having. A cutting area is not intended for threading. However, the transition of the working head 17 to the shaft 13 as a cutting area 3 formed, it includes the bevel cutting area 26 , the bevel cutting 26a for chamfering a hole or a bore, for example a threaded bore. Due to the eccentricity of the mold wedges 14 comes only an outer area 27 the chamfer 26 when chamfering on the workpiece. With this tool 2 It should also be noted that, when chamfering blind holes, the length of the pilot hole is limited to that in 25 with L designated length dimension of the working head 17 or here also the thread forming area 4 must be coordinated, otherwise the chamfer 26 not engaged at the entrance of the hole.

26 shows a spiral drill tap. A cutting area 3 at the front end 5 of the tool 2 here forms a spiral drill 29 with drill bits 30 , On the spiral drill 29 follows also with this tool 2 a thread forming area 4 with molded wedges 14 , Furthermore, the tool points 2 two twisted grooves 18 on.

27 shows the tool 2 to 26 in a schematic plan view when used on a workpiece 55 , You can see a bevel on the shaft and an outer radius 32 of the tool 2 , Next is a thread core 51 of the generated thread 50 in the workpiece 55 shown. The tool 2 is in the thread 50 offset laterally, in such a way that spiral drill 29 and mold wedges 14 into the threads 53 of the thread 50 engage without touching or damaging it.

28 shows a partial section along the line AA in 27 , Here are the spiral drill part in an enlarged view 29 and the adjoining mold wedge 14 of the tool 2 to recognize. Spiralbohrteil 29 and molding wedge (s) 14 protrude over the tool core 31 out and engage in threads 53 of the thread 50 in the workpiece 55 one. To the generated thread 50 especially the thread surface, not to be damaged (especially when retracting the tool 2 from the workpiece 55 ), are the in 28 given dimensions x as the radius difference between the outer radius of the mold wedge 14 and the peripheral or outer cutting edge of the spiral drilling part 29 on the one hand and b as the width of the tooth head or length of the peripheral edge in the axial direction of the spiral drilling 29 so restricted that the spiral boring part 29 in the generated thread of the thread 50 fits and when unscrewing the thread can follow or run in this, without the thread 50 to damage.

29 shows a full section along the line AA in 27 , Here it is shown that the retraction is not axial, but circular following the thread pitch and the specified eccentricity e ₁ , which corresponds to the distance from tool axis A to central axis of rotation B and is reduced compared to the engagement in thread forming.

30 shows in addition a partial section along the line BB in 27 ,

31 shows a further alternative embodiment of the tool 2 according to the invention, namely a spiral drill with a bevel 26 (or: bevel cutting area, milled part, milling area) to the shaft 13 , intended for chamfering a recess in a workpiece. The outer radii of the spiral drill part 29 of the working head 17 are doing so with the bevel 26 adjusted that when chamfering only the chamfer 26 , due to the eccentricity of the spiral drill 29 only an outer area 27 the chamfer 26 , is engaged on the workpiece. It should also be noted that when chamfering blind holes in a workpiece, the length of the thread on the in 31 shown dimension L (length dimension of the working head 17 ), otherwise the chamfer 26 not engaged at the entrance of the hole. Thus, can be with this tool 2 produce neither longer nor shorter chamfered tapped holes.

32 shows a spiral drill with relief groove 33 (or: protective groove). The relief groove 33 runs offset to the groove 18 twisted around the tool's longitudinal axis. This embodiment variant can also be formed in the case of circular drill thread formers.

As another special feature, also in 32 is shown, the tool can 2 Provide an internal coolant supply, in particular an axial inner coolant supply (abbreviation IKZ, DIN designation: KA), preferably an axial inner coolant supply with outlet in the grooves, here the relief grooves 33 (Abbreviation IKZN, DIN designation: KR). In 32 are the outlet openings in the relief grooves 33 with the reference number 34 designated.

33 illustrates a spiral bit formed for axial return movement. This tool 2 has undercuts, in contrast to the above-described spiral drill thread formers 35 (or: Kernfreistiche) at the feet of the mold wedges 14 on. Further, on the drill bits 30 opposite side of the spiral drilling 29 a core friction part 36 intended. The core friction part 36 is used in particular for rubbing the thread core 51 when retracting the tool 2 ,

34 shows in a longitudinal section a part of the working head 17 of the tool 2 to 33 , In this enlarged view are clearly the undercuts 35 and the core friction part 36 to recognize. On the right in 34 is as an alternative to the underdog 35 a core cutting edge 12 with which a comparable result can be achieved (for this, see the following functional description on the basis of 35 to 37 ). Such core cutting 12 can therefore the underdogs 35 replace or supplement. The core cutting 12 are offset along the tool axis to the mold wedges 14 arranged, in such a way that always a core cutting edge 12 in the middle between two shaped wedges 14 is arranged. Such core cutting 12 have already been described above on the basis of 12 and 13 explained. This embodiment is referred to here.

35 to 37 show a sectional view of a workpiece 55 the functioning of the tool 2 to 33 and 34 ,

35 first shows the workpiece 55 after the pre-drilling step. The axial forward movement of the tool became a blind hole through the spiral boring part 60 in the workpiece 55 generated. The diameter of the blind hole 60 corresponds to the diameter of the spiral drill 29 of the tool 2 (in each case perpendicular to the tool axis or feed direction of the tool).

36 shows the workpiece 55 in connection to 35 after the additional step circular forms. It can now be seen through the mold wedges 14 circular shaped threads 50 with its threads 53 , so now from the blind hole 60 in 35 a threaded hole 58 has become. Also visible are the undercuts 35 in the tool 2 resulting supernatants 61 in the workpiece material.

37 finally shows the workpiece 55 in connection to 36 after the additional step core rubbing. Here were at the axial retraction movement of the tool 2 from the threaded hole 58 through the core friction part 36 of the tool 2 the supernatants 61 away. The result is an optimized thread 50 , which due to the core rubbing a grated thread core 51 without the claws or throws typically occurring in pure forms.

The method according to 35 to 37 Alternatively, it can lead to the formed thread in two or three stages.

38 shows a further alternative embodiment of the tool 2 according to the invention. Also this tool 2 includes a working head 17 and a shaft 13 , The working head 17 in turn, includes a cutting area 3 with forehead cutting 8th and peripheral cutting 9 and a thread forming area 4 with molded wedges 14 ,

39 and 40 each show in a longitudinal section a part of two alternative working heads 17 of tools 2 that with the tool 2 to 38 are comparable.

How out 39 (see also 8th ) can be seen on the working head shown here 17 at the front end of the tool 5 first cutting the forehead 8th arranged, followed by peripheral cutting 9 , These cut 8th . 9 form the cutting area 3 of the tool 2 , On this cutting area 3 follows the thread forming area 4 with its shape wedges 14 , It is in 39 recognizable that the outer radius of the mold wedges 14 with increasing distance from the front end of the tool 5 increases. Furthermore, the outer radius of all mold wedges 14 larger than the outer radius of the peripheral edge 9 ,

40 shows an alternative working head 17 , Again, here are the first end of the tool 5 face cutting 8th arranged, followed by peripheral cutting 9 , However, this does not immediately close the mold wedges 14 the thread forming area 4 at. Rather, between the peripheral blades 9 and the thread forming area 4 an intermediate area 10 formed with pre-cutting teeth 24 , With these Vorschneidzähnen becomes one Thread cut precut. Next to the cutting 8th . 9 thus also form the Vorschneidzähne 24 a cutting area 3 of the tool 2 , 40 further shows that the outer radius of the working head 17 or the tool 2 starting from the peripheral cutting edge 9 over the Vorschneidzähne 24 up to the mold wedges 14 increases. The precut teeth 24 may increase or vary axially in their cutting or knitting profiles in the widths and / or heights, and / or be formed as an Anstrehlung and / or with gradations.

41 shows a further alternative embodiment of the tool 2 , This is a spiral drill thread guide, ie at the front end 5 of the tool 2 is a spiral drill 29 with drill bits 30 arranged. The spiral drilling part forms a cutting area 3 of the tool 2 , On the spiral drill 3 follows the thread forming area 4 with its shape wedges 14 , Furthermore, in 41 in the spiral drill part 29 outlet openings 34 one in the tool 2 integrated and thus shown internal coolant supply.

2

Tool

3

chipping Area, metal cutting area

4

Tapping area

5

free or frontal tool end

6

drilling

7

milling

8th

end cutting edge

9

peripheral cutting edge

10

intermediate area

11

Kernreibbereich

12

core cutting

13

Tool shank, shaft

14

Form wedges, Pressing lands, forming teeth

17

working head

18

groove

19

interface

20a, 20b

drilling

21

screw

22

Thread section, sub-area, area

23

Circular chamfer cutting blade

24

Vorschneidzahn

25

Zirkularfasbohrteil

26

Chamfer, Fasenschneidenbereich

26a

Fasenschneide

27

outer area of the chamfer 26

28

additional chamfer

29

Spiralbohrteil

30

drilling edge

31

tool core

32

Outer radius of the tool 2

33

relief, inhibiting groove

34

Outlet opening of a internal coolant supply

35

Freeway

36

Kernreibteil

50

thread

51

thread core

52

entrance area

53

thread

55

workpiece

56

Through Hole

57

chamfer

58

threaded hole

59

output range

60

blind

61

supernatants

A

Tool axis, tool longitudinal axis

B

central axis of rotation

V

feed direction

L

measure of length

x, b

Dimensions

e ₁

eccentricity

Claims (51)

Tool ( 2 ) for producing a thread ( 50 ) comprising a) at least one cutting area ( 3 ) with at least one cutting edge ( 8th . 9 . 12 . 26a . 30 ) and b) at least one thread forming area ( 4 ). Tool according to claim 1, in which a) at least one cutting area ( 3 ) for producing a workpiece surface for the thread ( 50 ) and / or for machining a preliminary thread in the or a workpiece surface is formed and / or provided and in which b) at least one thread forming area ( 4 ) for chipless generating the thread ( 50 ) or for non-cutting finishing or finishing of the pilot thread is formed and / or provided in each case by pressing or molding in the workpiece surface. A tool according to claim 1 or claim 2, wherein the cutting area (s) ( 3 ) and the thread forming region (s) ( 4 ) are coupled or connected with each other so as to be rotatable or rotating together about a tool axis (A). Tool according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one cutting area ( 3 ) or the arrangement of its at least one cutting edge ( 8th . 9 . 12 . 26a . 30 ) is designed for a given direction of rotation (clockwise or counterclockwise) about the tool axis (A) and the at least one thread forming area ( 4 ) is designed and arranged so that in this direction of rotation, the thread ( 50 ) he witnesses or the Vorgewinde reworked. Tool according to one of the preceding claims, in which at least one cutting area ( 3 ) or the arrangement of its at least one cutting edge ( 8th . 9 . 12 . 26a . 30 ) for a given feed direction (V) of the tool ( 2 ) is designed axially to the tool axis (A) and the at least one thread forming area ( 4 ) is designed and arranged such that it in this feed direction (V) the thread ( 50 ) produced or reworked the Vorgewinde. Tool according to claim 5, wherein the feed direction (V) of the tool ( 2 ) seen from an axially to the tool axis (A) arranged free end ( 5 ) or front end ( 5 ) of the tool ( 2 ) is directed. Tool according to one of the preceding claims, in which at least one cutting area ( 3 ) at least partially on a front side ( 5 ) or a free end ( 5 ) of the tool ( 2 ) is arranged. Tool according to one of the preceding claims, in which at least one cutting area ( 3 ) a drilling area ( 6 ). Tool according to one of the preceding claims, in which at least one cutting area ( 6 ) a milling area ( 7 ). Tool according to one of the preceding claims, in which at least one cutting area ( 3 ) at least one end cutting edge ( 8th ) on a front side ( 5 ) or a free end ( 5 ) of the tool ( 2 ) and / or at least one peripheral cutting edge ( 9 ) at a peripheral area of the tool ( 2 ) having. Tool according to Claim 10, in which at least one end-face cutting edge ( 8th ) and at least one peripheral cutting edge ( 9 ) merge into one another directly or indirectly via an intermediate area. Tool according to one of the preceding claims, in which at least one cutting area ( 3 ) at least one core cutting edge ( 12 ) or a Kernreibteil for trimming or leveling the thread core ( 51 ) of the or a thread forming area ( 4 ) produced thread. Tool according to one of the preceding claims, in which a, in particular opposite to the feed direction (V), the thread forming area ( 4 ) adjacent cutting area ( 3 ) for producing a, in particular with respect to a threaded core ( 51 ), enlarged, in particular stepped or bechtasten, entrance area ( 52 ) or mouth region of the thread ( 50 ) is formed and provided. Tool according to one of the preceding claims, in which at least one cutting area ( 3 ) and at least one thread forming area ( 4 ) axially to the tool axis (A) are arranged one behind the other. Tool according to one of the preceding claims with at least two cutting areas ( 3 ) and at least one thread forming area ( 4 ). A tool according to claim 15, wherein a first one of machining areas for producing a workpiece surface and a second of the cutting areas for generating a preliminary thread in this workpiece surface and the thread forming area for finishing or finishing the preliminary thread are provided. Tool according to one of the preceding claims with at least two cutting areas ( 3 ) and at least two thread forming areas ( 4 ), the cutting areas ( 3 ) and the thread forming areas ( 4 ) alternately or are arranged alternately, in particular in a series arrangement axially to the tool axis (A). Tool according to claim 17, in which a) a first cutting area ( 3 ) at least one Vorarbeitsschneide for removing material, b) to the first cutting area ( 3 ) a first thread forming area ( 4 ) for creating a thread ( 50 ), c) to the first thread forming area ( 4 ) a second cutting area ( 3 ) connects with at least one core cutting edge ( 12 ) or a Kernreibteil for trimming or leveling the thread core ( 51 ) of the first thread forming area ( 4 ) produced thread ( 50 ) and d) to the second cutting area ( 3 ) a second thread forming area ( 4 ) adjoins for reworking and / or leveling of the threads or thread flanks of the thread ( 50 ). Tool according to one of the preceding claims, in which at least one cutting area ( 36 ) or the arrangement of which at least one cutting edge is designed for a return direction of the tool directed counter to the predetermined feed direction (V) of the tool axially to the tool axis. A tool according to claim 19, wherein said at least one cutting area ( 36 ), of the or the arrangement of which at least one cutting edge is designed for the return direction of the tool, for re-cutting or post-machining the thread core ( 51 ) of the thread forming area ( 4 ) or reworked thread ( 50 ), in particular to a desired Gewindekernmaß is provided. Tool according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one thread forming area ( 4 ) projects radially outward with respect to the tool axis (A) or has a larger maximum radial outside diameter than at least one cutting area ( 3 ), in particular as at least one in the feed direction (V) closer to the free end ( 5 ) of the tool ( 2 ) than the thread forming area ( 4 ) arranged cutting area ( 3 ). Tool according to one of the preceding claims, in which at least one cutting area ( 3 ) projects radially outward with respect to the tool axis (A) or has a larger maximum radial outer diameter than at least one thread forming area ( 4 ), in particular as at least one in the feed direction (V) farther from the free end ( 5 ) of the tool ( 2 ) as the cutting area arranged thread forming area ( 4 ). Tool according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the or each thread forming area ( 4 ) and the or each cutting area ( 3 ) on a common tool shank ( 13 ) or a common tool core are formed or mounted, wherein the tool shank ( 13 ) preferably for holding or clamping the tool ( 2 ) is provided in a tool holder or tool chuck. Tool according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one thread forming area ( 4 ) at least one radially outwardly projecting Stollen ( 14 ) or molding wedge ( 14 ) having. Tool according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one thread forming area ( 4 ) in its cross-section perpendicular to the tool axis (A) has a polygonal shape or a polygon-derived shape, wherein the polygon preferably has a corner number of two or three or four or five or six. Tool according to claim 25 and claim 24, wherein the corner regions of the at least approximately polygonal cross section of the thread forming area ( 4 ) the pressure lugs ( 14 ) form. A tool as claimed in claim 24 or claim 26, wherein at least one group of pushers ( 14 ) of different thread forming areas ( 4 ) are arranged along a curve circulating the tool axis (A) and / or in which at least one group of press studs ( 14 ) of the same thread forming area ( 4 ) are arranged along a curve surrounding the tool axis (A). A tool according to claim 27, wherein the curve is the Tool axis (A) spiral or helical circulates. A tool according to claim 27, wherein the curve is the Tool axis (A) in a closed topology or in itself closed, preferably perpendicular to the tool axis (A), rotates and / or ring or circular. Tool according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one thread forming area ( 4 ) spirally or helically around the tool axis (A) and / or is a thread ridge area. Tool according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one thread forming area ( 4 . 22 ) is annular or closed around the tool axis (A) and / or is a circular forming area. Tool according to one of the preceding claims with a plurality of axially opposite to the tool axis (A) successively arranged thread forming areas ( 4 . 22 ). Tool according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the radial distance from the tool axis (A) or the radial outer dimensions or dimensions of at least one thread forming area ( 4 ) or successive pressure lugs ( 14 ) axially of the tool axis (A) in one direction, preferably in one direction from the cutting area ( 3 ) away, and / or against a feed direction (V) of the tool ( 2 ) increases in a partial area or starting area and / or remains the same in at least one guide area. Tool according to one of the preceding claims with grooves ( 18 ) and / or channels for guiding a fluid medium, in particular a coolant and / or lubricant and / or air such as compressed air and / or cold air, and / or the lifted chips, wherein the grooves ( 18 ) and / or channels preferably on the circumference of the tool ( 2 ) or inside the tool ( 2 ) and / or in the machining area ( 3 ) and / or in the thread forming area ( 4 ) run and / or open, in particular at least with a main direction parallel to the tool axis (A) and / or straight or twisted or schraubenför mig around the tool axis (A) and / or in the longitudinal direction of the tool ( 2 ). Tool according to Claim 34, in which at least the cutting edge (s) ( 8th . 9 . 12 . 26a . 30 ) of the or each cutting area ( 3 ) and / or the pressing lug (s) ( 14 ) of the or each thread forming area ( 4 ) in a chip-removing groove ( 18 ) from the groove ( 18 ) is set back to protect against damage by the chips. Tool according to one of the preceding claims, in which at least one or the cutting area or its cutting edge (s) ( 8th . 9 . 12 . 26a . 30 ), in particular its peripheral cutting, in the axial extent smaller than the pressing lugs ( 14 ) of the thread forming area ( 4 ) is formed and / or are and / or are formed such that the cutting edge (s) or peripheral cutting edges ( 8th . 9 . 12 . 26a . 30 ) in the thread grooves or the thread ( 53 ) of the or of the thread forming area ( 4 ) produced thread ( 50 ) fit. A tool according to claim 24 or any one of claim 24 dependent Claims, in which between adjacent mold wedges or pressing lugs, in particular radially inwardly extending, recesses are provided for receiving from displaced during molding Workpiece material. Method for producing a thread ( 50 ), where a) a tool ( 2 ) according to one or more of the preceding claims about its tool axis (A) is rotated and at least with a feed movement along a feed direction (V) parallel to the tool axis (A) relative to a workpiece ( 55 ), b) with the at least one cutting area ( 3 ) of the tool ( 2 ) a predetermined or predefinable workpiece surface of a workpiece ( 55 ) and / or a Vorgewinde in a workpiece surface of a workpiece ( 55 ) and c) with the at least one thread forming area ( 4 ) without cutting the thread ( 50 ) or the Vorgewinde is reworked by pressing or molding the thread forming area ( 4 ) in the workpiece surface. Method according to Claim 38, in which the tool ( 2 ) is moved in addition to the axial feed motion with a circular motion, wherein the tool axis (A) is rotated about a central axis of rotation (B) parallel to the tool axis (A). A method according to claim 39, wherein the central axis of rotation (B) substantially coincides with a central axis of the thread to be created or produced ( 50 ) coincides. A method according to any one of claims 38 to 40 for producing an internal thread, in which that of the cutting area ( 3 ) produced workpiece surface, the inner surface of a recess, in particular a blind hole ( 60 ), or a through opening ( 56 ), in particular a bore, forms or would form. Method according to one of Claims 38 to 41, in which the tool ( 2 ) after creating the thread ( 50 ) again in a return movement, preferably counter to the feed direction (V), from the workpiece ( 55 ) is moved out or moved relative to this. The method of claim 42, wherein the or at least one cutting area (FIG. 3 ) in the return movement an inner termination or the core ( 51 ) of the thread ( 50 ) produces or adapts, in particular a part of the thread forming by the thread molding area ( 4 ) radially inwardly nachgeflossenen or displaced material ( 61 ) of the workpiece ( 55 ). A method according to claim 42 or claim 43, wherein the tool ( 2 ) is moved in an axial return movement coaxially to the tool axis and / or central axis of rotation (B) or threaded axis. A method according to claim 44, wherein the tool ( 2 ) in addition to the axial return movement in a circular return movement about the central axis of rotation (B) is moved. Method according to one of Claims 42 to 45, in which the cutting area ( 3 ), in particular its cutting edge (s) ( 8th . 9 . 12 . 26a . 30 ) during the return movement through the thread produced ( 50 ) without destroying or damaging it. Method according to one of Claims 42 to 46, in which the tool ( 2 ) is rotated during the return movement about its tool axis. Method according to one of claims 42 to 47, wherein the feed rate and / or the return speed of the pitch of the thread ( 50 ) is adjusted. A method according to any one of claims 42 to 48, wherein a Be used in which the radial extent of the cutting area, especially drilling area or Stirnfräsbereichs, only a maximum of the Core diameter of the thread forming area to be formed thread corresponds, and the tool is retrieved axially, that the cutting area is within the core area of the thread remains. The method of claim 49, wherein the Molded wedges of the thread forming area press the entire thread depth into the material of the workpiece. A method according to claim 49 or 50, wherein a Tool according to claim 37 is used and by pressing in and repress of the workpiece material in the recesses in the tool resulting inward into the threaded interior protruding projections subsequently be removed, preferably with a cutting area of the Tool designed as Kernreibbereich or core cutting edge (s) is and produces a smooth clean thread core.