DE102006009724A1 - Actuator for motor vehicle, has gripping device for receiving kinetic energy of rotary body and rotatable around rotary axis, where rotary axis of gripping device is arranged from rotary axis of rotary body - Google Patents

Abstract

The actuator (1) has a gripping device (3) for receiving kinetic energy of a rotary body. The gripping device is brought into a friction connection with the body, and is rotatable around a rotary axis (4), where the rotary axis of the gripping device is arranged from a rotary axis (5) of the rotary body. The gripping device is completely arranged on a side of the rotary axis of the rotary body. The actuator is formed for converting received kinetic energy into electrical energy or into brake energy for decelerating the rotary body.

Description

The The present invention relates to an actuator, in particular for a disc brake of a vehicle for receiving rotational energy one by one Axis rotating body according to the preamble of claim 1, in particular to this rotational energy furthermore to be used for braking a vehicle.

It is known from the prior art to pick up the kinetic energy of a rotating body to be braked in order to use it for braking tasks or other purposes. It describes the DE 102 23 389 A1 a friction brake, which has a circumferential toothing on the brake disc. In this toothing engages a pinion, which is connected via a coupling with an output side connectable. While the drive-side pinion is permanently set in rotation by the rotating brake disk, it can be selectively forwarded to the drive side by connecting the clutch. In particular, the rotational energy can be used to act on a brake application device, which in turn is able to act on the brake disc with a resulting braking force. A disadvantage of this embodiment is the rather complicated structure and the permanently driven pinion.

From the DE 42 07 640 C2 On the other hand, a friction brake is known, in which the kinetic energy of the brake disc is tapped by a rotatable friction engagement of the brake disc. An arranged on the clutch gear ring is driven at the moment for rotation together with the brake disc, in which the magnetic coupling establishes a frictional connection to the brake disc out. An application device engages in the gear and causes an axially adjustable piston thereby an additional braking force on the brake disc. Again, the structure of the clutch in particular is relatively large.

in view of The above disadvantages are the object of the invention in that an actuator for receiving kinetic energy of a rotating body to pick up, which is particularly simple and compact.

The Task is solved by an actuator according to claim 1.

The Invention is based on the finding that an actuator for recording the kinetic energy of a rotating body with subsequent characteristics can be built very compact. This is a pick-off device provided with the rotating body, so in particular the brake disc, can be brought into frictional connection. The pickup device is one Rotation axis rotatable, wherein the rotation by the contact of the pick-off device with the rotating body (Brake disc) is caused. Notwithstanding the state of the art is provided that the axis of rotation of the pick-off device does not coincide with the axis of rotation of the body (brake disc).

In the prior art, to transmit the kinetic energy of the brake disc always a symmetrical to the axis of rotation or concentric component is required, which rotates about the axis of rotation of the brake disc and cooperates with other transmission components for transmitting the kinetic energy at a suitable location. In the DE 42 07 640 C2 For example, this is a friction lining arranged concentrically to the wheel axle, which is firmly connected to the brake disk. The associated clutch is formed substantially annular and arranged concentrically to the wheel axle. In the DE 102 23 389 A1 is a concentric with the rotational axis of the brake disc circumferentially formed teeth provided with a locally arranged pinion cooperates. Both embodiments have the disadvantage that the structure for receiving the kinetic energy requires large components, which must be arranged concentrically to the axis of rotation.

On the other hand shows the actuator according to the invention the advantageous property that here is not such a component is required. Although a tapping device is also provided here, which is rotatably mounted about an axis and for receiving the kinetic Energy of the brake disc is formed. The axis of rotation of this pick-off device does not fall with the axis of rotation of the body (Brake disc) together. Instead, the axis or even the complete tapping device essentially on one side of the Arranged axis of rotation. This overcomes the invention prior art prejudice prevalent for tapping the kinematic energy of the brake disc always concentric to it to be arranged aids (gearing, friction clutch, etc.) to provide. One actuator according to the invention with tapping device leaves on the other hand, it is very flexible and also very compact.

In a simplest embodiment The invention is the tapping device for receiving rotational energy of the rotational body with this body can be brought into frictional connection. It is still - as described - one Rotational axis mounted rotatably, wherein the axis of rotation (or their imaginary Renewal) from the axis of rotation of the rotating body (in particular brake disk) spaced apart.

In continuation of the inventive concept, an actuator is provided, the Tapping device completely is arranged on one side of the axis of rotation. This allows its arrangement close to or as part of a conventional disc brake, the especially in vehicle construction in a defined region of the brake disc is arranged, characterized very compact or small and outside this area room for leaves other components. It should be mentioned again that the actuator according to the invention for the rotating body and in particular a brake disc is usable without this body for that special be trained or extra for this purpose must include other components. The friction surface, the by usual Brake pads is applied, is sufficient here as well also for the use of the pick-off device of the actuator according to the invention.

According to one another embodiment According to the invention, the tapping device has a friction body, in the region of a front side of the tapping device in frictional connection with the rotation body can be brought. The kinetic energy of the rotating body is So transferred solely by friction on the pickup. For this purpose, in a simple form, the front side of the pick-off device used, which is pressed against the rotating body. By the resulting Friction is the tapping device - depending on how or on which point of the tapping device the friction connection comes - to the rotation excited about its axis of rotation. This rotational energy can be according to the invention elsewhere remove the pick-off device and for different applications deploy.

From Meaning of the innovative tap of rotational energy is the type of Frictional contact in the pick-off device and the rotating body. Provided the friction body with its front side essentially plane or parallel against the Brake disc pressed becomes, comes a "complete" frictional contact. These areas of the brake disc cause a rotation the tapping device in a first direction of rotation, in the radial Direction seen from the axis of rotation of the brake disc beyond the axis of rotation of the pick-off are. Those contact areas the brake disc, however, between its axis of rotation and the axis of rotation lie the gripper, form frictional forces, which are opposite Want to effect rotation of the tapping device. These partly against each other acting forces can to an advantageous braking effect by the pick-off device to lead, being their desired Rotation negligible fail or completely fail. As will be seen later, However, the contact between tapping device and rotating body can so changed too be that kinetic energy of the rotating body in one directed and significant rotational energy of the pick-off device can be transferred.

To a further embodiment According to the invention, the picking device comprises a plurality of printing elements. These are relative to the pickup and parallel to their Rotary axis slidably or slidably mounted, so they essentially on the rotational body or moved away from it are. These printing elements are for the preparation of the friction joint in the region of a front side of Tapping provided and in particular individually against the rotation body movable. This brings two advantages. On the one hand, press now no longer the front side or a part of the front side of the pick-off device against the body of revolution, but one by the individual pressure elements exactly definable Area. Leave it the fretting on reduce exactly predeterminable individual elements. As a further advantage allow the pressure elements an axial movement parallel to the axis of rotation the tapping device, they can so be pressed individually and as desired to the rotating body. At the same time they are as wearing parts easily replaceable.

The kinetic energy of the rotating body can be transmitted to the picking device in a particularly effective manner if the friction body or the individual pressure elements build up a frictional connection only in certain rotational angle ranges of the picking device with the rotary body. As based on the 4 can still be seen, come for different rotation angle ranges in question.

To exploit this inventive idea, it is provided according to a further advantageous embodiment of the invention that the distance of predeterminable areas of the friction body or the individual pressure elements to the rotational body during the rotation of the tapping device about its axis of rotation is changed derbar formed. The same applies to the contact pressure, which should be variable for predeterminable areas of the friction body or for the individual pressure elements against the body of revolution, while the tapping device rotates about its axis of rotation. In this way, it is advantageously possible always to bring the friction body or the pressure elements there in frictional connection with the rotation body, where it has, for example, the highest tappable peripheral speed. Areas of lower circumferential speeds or those areas in which the frictional contact the tapping device would be caused to an opposite rotational movement, can be excluded from the frictional contact. In particular, the flexible choice of pressure areas or the contact pressure also allows the free choice of the direction of rotation of the pick-off device, regardless of the Rota tion direction of the rotary body or the brake disc. By a simple and rapid change of the pressure conditions can thereby achieve a certain direction of rotation and thus directed rotational energy of the tapping device, which is advantageously independent of the rotational direction of the rotary body / brake disc selectable. For this purpose, with a suitable arrangement of the tapping device, for example, only the relevant frictional contact area between tapping device and rotary body / brake disc must be laid from one side of the axis of rotation of the tapping device to the other. Again, this is based on the 4 clear.

Compared to the State of the art leaves Thus, by such an actuator in a small space and independent of the direction of rotation of the rotating body its kinetic energy either in a first or this opposite second rotary motion of the tapping device and so special to use flexibly.

In continuation This idea provides a further advantageous embodiment the invention that to change the distance or the contact pressure is provided a guide element. The guide element According to the invention, a guideway have, which the axis of rotation of the tapping device partially or completely circulates. Versus this guideway is the friction body or are the printing elements in the rotation of the pick-off device can be supported directly or indirectly about its axis of rotation. This leads to, that the frictional contact between the friction body or the individual pressure elements dependent on from the guideway comes about, against which the friction body or the elements Support circulation around the axis of rotation. As a guideway In this case, any type of web comes into question, which is the printing elements act on their rotation around the axis of rotation in the axial direction can. The web can completely rotate around the axis of rotation or only for certain rotation angle ranges be provided so that the pressure elements outside this angle of rotation not be affected by this or any track. The same applies to the case that a substantially one-piece friction body instead the pressure elements is provided. The friction body is supported on the guide element with his guideway while the circulation around the axis of rotation and depending on the design of the guideway the half body arrives during the circulation in contact with the body of revolution and learns it a selectable contact pressure.

In a simplest case is the guide element a roller bearing, in particular a thrust bearing. In this case the raceway of the bearing the guideway which is circular in this case is trained. If the axis of this camp under a tilt angle is arranged relative to the axis of rotation of the pick-off device, ie aslant it is changed the distance of the track to the body of revolution with a revolution of the the rotational body facing bearing shell or the pressure elements supported thereon or the Friction body. The guided parallel to the axis of rotation and, for example, spring-loaded pressure elements are in one revolution the pick-up device moves up and down piston-like or in the axial Direction shifted and thus arrive only in specific, targeted predeterminable areas with the rotating body in con tact. Analog applies this also for a simple friction body that can be provided instead of the printing elements.

The Orientation of the guideway, So the orientation of the guide element itself, according to one further advantageous embodiment of the Invention by at least one drivable or adjustable actuator possible be. Such an actuator may be a simple wedge, which is one-sided under the guide element pushes. In the case of a simple thrust bearing as a guide element is this (assuming appropriate storage or support) adjusted by a predetermined amount and thereby the guideway for the Pressure elements or the friction body changed their orientation relative to the rotational body. As drive comes for the actuator a conventional one Actuator, a spindle drive or other specialist well-known drive in question.

at an orientation of the guide element, in the all printing elements of the pick-up substantially independently from their respective rotational position (always) pressed against the rotary body can, the resulting normal force in the sense of a Park brake are used, with a suitable self-locking mechanism the comply with legislative requirements should.

The absorbed by the pick-off kinetic energy should according to a another embodiment of the invention adjacent to at least one of the pick-off device Component transferable be to use the rotary motion there. Corresponding means provided over the rotational movement of the tapping device should be transferable, for example a gear connection. The tapping device itself or in particular the adjacent component can be used to convert the rotational energy of Tapping device used in electrical energy, about in the sense of a generator. Also the forwarding of energy in A mechanical energy storage is conceivable to make them one later Time to retrieve.

Finally, it should also be possible, the Rotation energy of the pick-up device to brake the rotational body to move. For this purpose, according to a further embodiment of the invention, the at least one adjacent component is designed as an application device. It has at least one piston, which is movable by the transmitted rotary motion to an axial movement in the direction of the rotary body in order to apply a braking force to it. The advantage of the invention lies in the fact that the kinetic energy absorbed by the rotational body by the frictional contact between the rotating body and tapping device is necessarily transmitted only via a braking effect, so that the transmitted energy can be used logically for further deceleration of the rotating body. Ultimately, additional kinetic energy is provided by the absorbed kinetic energy and improves the braking effect of the actuator as a whole.

Further advantageous embodiments emerge from the dependent claims.

below becomes an embodiment of the invention explained with reference to a figure example. From the figures show

1 a perspective view of a partially exposed actuator

2 a closer view according to 1

3 a sectional view in the region of the pick-off device of the actuator,

4 a representation of the contact conditions between pick-off device and brake disc, and

5 a representation of another embodiment of an actuator.

In 1 is an actuator 1 shown, for the delay of only partially shown brake disc 2 is provided, which represents here the rotating body. As a typical application here is a disc brake of a motor vehicle in question. The rotation body 2 , which is disc-shaped and about an axis of rotation 5 rotates, lies between two brake pads 20 which are movable toward each other to the brake disc 2 to delay.

The actuator 1 includes in its center a pick-off device 3 which are about a rotation axis 4 is rotatably mounted. On the circumference of the pick-off device has a toothing with two adjacent Zuspanneinrichtungen 11 and 12 interacts. Each application device 11 . 12 has a spindle unit, not shown, to an associated piston 14 to drive to an axial movement. Every piston 14 acts on one of the two brake pads 20 , so between this and the brake disc 2 a friction connection for the delay comes about.

As 2 shows more clearly, the tapping device 3 several printing elements 7 on that within the pick-off device 3 and parallel to the axis of rotation 4 are stored displaceably. They come through an end face 6 the tapping device and pass - depending on the axial displacement - through a recess in the brake pad 20 with the brake disc 2 in frictional connection. The gearing 13 transmits the resulting rotational movement of the pick-off device 4 to the adjacent application devices, as already mentioned above.

To the individual pressure pistons 7 depending on the rotational position of the pick-off device 3 different far in the axial direction of the pick-off device 3 moving out is a guiding element 8th intended. The guide element 8th is designed as a simple thrust bearing. The printing elements 7 rely on the brake disc 2 facing bearing shell of the camp 8th off while the entire pick-off device 3 with the pressure piston 7 around the axis 4 rotates. Unless the axis of the camp 8th with the rotation axis 4 Aligns, change the pressure elements 7 their axial position relative to the picking device 3 during rotation around the axis 4 Not. At the moment, however, in which the guide element or thrust bearing 8th by a measure relative to the axis of rotation 4 is inclined, the position of the guideway, which changes the axial stroke of the pressure piston during rotation about the axis 4 pretends. Accordingly, the amount of its axial displacement during the revolution changes. The orientation of the guideway or the bearing 8th is thereby possible such that the printing elements 7 only in the range of a predefinable angle of rotation of the pick-off device with the brake disc, not shown 2 get in contact, however, solve this contact on further rotation or be moved axially by a measure of the brake disc.

The orientation of the guide element 8th happens in this embodiment by means of two drivable actuators 10 , which are designed here as a wedge. Every wedge 10 can be moved over a unspecified drive, wherein the guide element 8th is acted upon by a corresponding force or aligns accordingly.

In 3 is the actuator 1 in the range of tapping device 3 to see in simplified cut representation. The around the axis of rotation 5 rotating brake disc 2 is on both sides of Bremsbe BE REDUCED 20 acted upon by those in the sectional view according to 3 only one can be seen. On the opposite side is the pick-off device 3 arranged. Inside the tapping device 3 are seven printing elements 7 arranged, of which only one can be seen in the sectional view. Every printing element 7 is parallel to the axis of rotation 4 the tapping device 3 in the direction of the brake disc 2 or oppositely mounted and axially spring-loaded. The tapping device 3 is through a needle bearing 21 rotatably guided.

On the brake disc 2 opposite side of the printing elements 7 is a guide element 8th arranged in the form of a thrust bearing. The printing elements 7 rely on the brake disc 2 facing bearing shell of the camp 8th from. Between each printing element 7 and said bearing shell is a compensation element 22 provided to a tilt angle of the bearing 8th relative to the axis of rotation 4 the tapping device 3 compensate. Spring elements press the pressure elements on the compensating elements against the bearing shell of the bearing.

On the brake disc 2 facing away bearing shell of the camp 8th Act two actuators 10 that the camp 8th or its axis by a predetermined angle relative to the axis of rotation 4 to tilt or to adjust. This has the consequence that the printing elements 7 in the course of one revolution of the tapping device 3 around the axis of rotation 4 their axial orientation relative to the brake disc 2 change. Depending on the angle of the bearing 8th arrive the printing elements 7 for example, only above the axis of rotation 4 with the brake disc 2 in contact, below the axis of rotation 4 not. The pressure elements thus perform in one revolution of the tapping an axial forced movement in the direction of the brake disc or against it. Due to the contact with the brake disc friction torque is generated by which the brake disc is braked on the one hand and on the other hand, the pickup device is set in rotation. By adjusting the bearing 8th can the printing elements 7 depending on the angle of rotation of the picking variously on the brake disc 2 Press, causing the direction of rotation of the pick-off device 3 regardless of the direction of rotation of the brake disc 2 can be adjusted both clockwise and counterclockwise. Thus, by means of the adjustment of the bearing 8th , on which all the pressure elements are radially distributed, selectively targeted individual pressure elements depending on the angle of rotation of the tapping device with the brake disc in frictional contact and other not. In 4 the operation of the actuator according to the invention is shown again in connection with the rotational body. The rotation body 2 is designed as a brake disc, which is around the axis of rotation 5 rotated and in 4 is shown in side view. The tapping device 3 is shown above its outline. It is about the axis of rotation 4 rotatably arranged (the axes 4 and 5 run in 4 perpendicular to the plane of the drawing). Two printing elements 7 _a . 7 _b within the pick-up device 3 are shown by way of example. Like the other pressure elements, not shown, these are parallel to the axis of rotation 4 in the direction of the brake disc 2 or moved away from it. The movement is steered via the previously described guide element (thrust bearing).

The direction of rotation of the brake disc 2 in 4 runs in a clockwise direction. The friction contact points of the printing elements 7 on the brake disc 2 lie on a range defined by an inner contact diameter D _i and an outer contact diameter D _a on the brake disk 2 is determined. In between there is a mean contact diameter D _m .

If the guide element, not shown 8th the pressure elements leads so that they touch only in the range between D _a and D _m the brake disc, this contact causes a driving effect of the rotatably mounted tapping also clockwise about the axis of rotation 4 , When the tapping device 3 continues to rotate, for example, moves the pressure element 7 _a gradually from the outer contact diameter D _a in the direction of the average contact diameter D _m . It passes according to the invention out of contact with the brake disc 2 in that, in particular in the region between the average contact diameter D _m and the inner contact diameter D _i, no contact between the pressure element 7 _a and the brake disc 2 consists. In this way it is ensured that the tapping device 3 as desired e benfalls rotates clockwise, since only the frictional contact outside the central contact diameter D _m causes such rotational movement.

Conversely, it is according to the invention but also possible, only the respective lower pressure elements 7 _b , So those who pass through the area between the average contact diameter D _m and the inner contact diameter D _i , with the brake disc 2 to bring into frictional contact. In this case, the rotational movement of the pick-off device 3 triggered exactly opposite to the clockwise direction, because outside the average contact diameter D _m no counteracting frictional contact comes about.

The tapping of the kinetic energy can therefore result in two different rotational movements of the tapping device, regardless of the direction of rotation of the brake disc 2 , Decisive for this choice is the position of the guide element 8th or of the axial bearing, by wel che the Andruckverhalten the individual rotating pressure elements is determined.

Of course, it is also conceivable, the guide element parallel to the brake disc 2 align so that all pressure elements press substantially equally against the brake disc. In this case, the rotational direction of the pick-off due to the oppositely directed frictional forces can be on the outer or inner contact diameter D _a, D _i not accurately predict. In this case, the sole and then higher braking effect is due to the pressure elements 7 in the foreground.

In 5 a further embodiment of the actuator according to the invention is shown. It can be seen around the axis 5 rotating brake disc 2 , as well as the pick-off device 3 , which is shown in Abgreifenden state, rotational energy of the brake disc 2 take. The tapping device 3 includes a friction body, with its front side 6 the brake disc 2 is facing. The friction body is guided by a guide element 8th in the form of an axial ball bearing or against the brake disc 2 pressed. The pick-off element 3 is about a rotation axis 4 rotatably mounted and stored in a manner not shown.

The guide element 8th with the friction body supported thereon is via a holding mechanism 15 swiveling, but non-rotatable with a gear 13 connected. The holding mechanism 15 and the gear 13 are one to the axis of rotation 5 rotatably arranged parallel axis.

An actuator 10 which according to 5 is wedge-shaped, is movable via a drive, not shown in the direction of the arrows shown, to thereby the guide element 8th to act on while the friction body with its front side 6 on the brake disc 2 zuzubewegen or bring it into frictional connection with it.

The operation of the embodiment according to 5 results as follows: By actuation of the actuating element 10 in the direction of the center of the figure becomes the guide element 8th with his guideway 9 or its axis 4 around the holding mechanism 15 tilted. Depending on the degree of deflection of the friction body reaches with a part of its front page 6 to the brake disc 2 or in frictional contact with this. Through the thrust bearing 8th the frictional contact is safely maintained. As the friction body under the influence of the brake disc 2 begins to rotate, get new areas of the friction body in frictional contact with the brake disc, while correspondingly other areas disengage.

Since the friction body through the thrust bearing 8th rotatably in the holding mechanism 15 is received, the rotational movement is also transferred to the holding mechanism with the gear arranged thereon 13 , The holding element 15 and the gear 13 rotate about an axis that is aligned with the axis of rotation 4 forms an angle or substantially parallel to the axis of rotation onsachse 5 the brake disc 2 is arranged. By tapping off the rotational movement of the gear 13 the absorbed kinetic energy can be reused.

Claims (14)

Actuator ( 1 ), in particular for a disc brake of a vehicle, for receiving rotational energy of one about an axis ( 5 ) rotating body ( 2 ), with a pick-off device ( 3 ) for receiving rotational energy of the rotating body ( 2 ) can be brought into frictional connection with this and about a rotation axis ( 4 ) is rotatably mounted, characterized in that the axis of rotation ( 4 ) of the tapping device ( 3 ) or the imaginary extension of this axis of rotation ( 4 ) from the axis of rotation ( 5 ) of the rotating body ( 2 ) is arranged at a distance. Actuator according to claim 1, characterized in that the tapping device ( 3 ) completely on one side of the axis of rotation ( 5 ) is arranged. Actuator according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized that the actuator for the conversion of the absorbed kinetic energy a) into electrical energy or b) in braking energy for braking of the rotational body is trained. Actuator according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the tapping device ( 3 ) has a friction body which in the region of a front side ( 6 ) of the tapping device ( 3 ) in frictional engagement with the rotary body ( 2 ) can be brought. Actuator according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the tapping device ( 3 ) several pressure elements ( 7 ), which relative to the picking device ( 3 ) and parallel to the axis of rotation ( 4 ) are displaceably mounted and for the production of the friction joint in the region of a front side ( 6 ) of the tapping device ( 3 ) individually against the rotary body ( 2 ) are movable. Actuator according to one of the two preceding claims, characterized in that a) the distance of predeterminable areas of the friction body or individual pressure elements ( 7 ) to the rotation body ( 2 ) or b) the contact pressure of predefinable areas of the friction body or of individual pressure elements ( 7 ) against the rotation body ( 2 ) during the rotation of the tapping device ( 3 ) about its axis of rotation ( 4 ) is formed changeable. Actuator according to the preceding claim, characterized in that for changing the distance or the contact pressure a guide element ( 8th ) is provided, which partially or completely the axis of rotation ( 4 ) circumferential guideway ( 9 ), against which the friction body or the pressure elements ( 7 ) during the rotation of the tapping device ( 3 ) about the axis of rotation ( 4 ) are directly or indirectly supportable. Actuator according to the previous claim, characterized in that the guide element ( 8th ) is a roller bearing, in particular a thrust bearing. Actuator according to one of the two preceding claims, characterized in that for the alignment of the guide element ( 8th ) at least one drivable actuator ( 10 ) is provided. Actuator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the direction of rotation of the picking device ( 3 ) regardless of the direction of rotation of the rotating body ( 2 ) is selectable. Actuator according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tapping device ( 3 ) Medium ( 13 ) for transmitting its absorbed rotational energy to at least one adjacent component ( 11 . 12 ) having. Actuator according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the at least one adjacent component ( 11 . 12 ) is designed as an application device, which is a piston ( 14 ), which by the transmitted rotary motion to an axial movement in the direction of the rotary body ( 2 ) is movable to apply this to a braking force. Brake, in particular disc brake, with one around an axis ( 5 ) rotating body ( 2 ), in particular a brake disk, and with an actuator ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims for receiving rotational energy of the rotating body. Vehicle with a brake according to claim 13.