DE102008037851A1 - Production of high-gloss/metal-coated layers on substrates for vehicle wheel, comprises pre-treating surface of the substrate, applying first base layer for surface smoothing, and applying second base layer for producing high gloss layer - Google Patents

Abstract

The method for producing high-gloss or metal-coated layers on substrates (1) for vehicle wheel, comprises pre-treating a surface of the substrate, applying a first base layer (2) for smoothing of the surface with a thickness of 50-120 mu m, applying a second base layer (2a) for producing a high gloss layer with a thickness of 50-120 mu m, activating the surface for producing connection places and for removing the remaining contamination on the surface, evaporating a metal or a ceramic layer (3) with a thickness of 80-200 nm, and applying a corrosion protection layer (4) as barrier layer. The method for producing high-gloss or metal-coated layers on substrates (1) for vehicle wheel, comprises pre-treating a surface of the substrate, applying a first base layer (2) for smoothing the surface with a thickness of 50-120 mu m, applying a second base layer (2a) for producing a high gloss layer with a thickness of 50-120 mu m, activating the surface for producing connection places and for removing the remaining contamination on the surface, evaporating a metal or a ceramic layer (3) with a thickness of 80-200 nm, applying a corrosion protection layer (4) with a thickness of 80-200 nm as barrier layer, applying a transparent or glazing surface layer (5) with a thickness of 40-100 mu m, and applying a nanoparticle-containing closing layer (6) with a thickness of 0.5-10 mu m for increasing the scratching resistance of the coating. The substrates are made of metals, ceramic or plastic. The pre-treatment and the application of the base layers, the surface layer and the closing layer are carried out outside a coating plant formed as vacuum chamber and the activation process and the application of the corrosion protection layer are carried out within the coating plant. The pretreatment process takes place in the plasma for coupling after application of the base layer. The application of the corrosion protection layer takes place constantly in the vacuum without use of wet-chemical procedures. The corrosion protection layer is designed as tight barrier layer, which works as electro-chemical barriers and prevents the corrosion reaction. Different metals are formed in the corrosion protection layer in the vacuum. The applied surface layer is varied by color pigment in its appearance. An independent claim is included for a layered design on a substrate.

Description

The The invention relates to a process for producing high-gloss or mirrored layers on substrates of metal, ceramic or plastic, which in particular has a high corrosion resistance and a manufactured according to this method Layer structure.

Next the various well-known methods of galvanic Coating of a variety of materials to achieve a Corrosion protection and achieving a certain color effect are other methods, especially for achieving known from glossy surfaces.

So will with the EP 0 822 010 A1 a process for the gloss coating of parts, preferably for vehicles, in particular of vehicle wheels and then coated part reproduced.

To In a first process step, this process is a corrosion-inhibiting, Smoothing primer coat from a process-optimized powder baking finish or sputtered paint applied in a known manner. Subsequently the sputtering of a high-gloss layer from a Metal, a metal alloy or a metal compound by means a magnetron in vacuum, which involves the application of a transparent, wear-resistant cover layer follows from a paint.

additionally It is stated here that before application of the anti-corrosive, smoothing paint base layer a mechanical smoothing and the application of a chromate layer can be done and further after these process steps, before the application of the corrosion-inhibiting, smoothing paint base layer another powder coating layer can be applied.

After DE 197 45 407 A1 a gloss coating of preferably for vehicle parts / vehicle wheels by the combination of several process steps and layers is produced, wherein first a paint base layer in the form of a baked enamel, in plastic parts in the form of a wet paint, is applied to the part to be coated. Subsequently, the sputtering of a high-gloss layer made of a metal alloy or a metal compound, such as titanium-aluminum-nitrogen, or zirconium-aluminum-nitrogen, or titanium-zirconium-nitrogen, by means of a magnetron in a vacuum.

After that the application of a transparent, wear-resistant Topcoat. When coating according to this procedure In addition, before dusting the high-gloss layer a pretreatment in a vacuum by applying a primer layer be performed.

The coating methods mentioned here make it possible to achieve a glossy surface and also a corresponding corrosion protection. Even rockfalls opposite, according to execution in the EP 0 822 010 A1 respectively. DE 197 45 407 A1 the surface coating achieved by the above-mentioned methods may be less sensitive.

It However, it can not be completely excluded that it to mechanical damage of the top coat layer come can, which makes it in extreme cases, for example, by penetrating aggressive chemical substances, such as thawing salts or spray lye for deicing of roadways, to an infiltration of the topcoat layer can come, so that more parts of the top coat layer can stand out or the applied high-gloss metallic layer begins to become stained and so the uniform metallic shine can be lost.

• – Bereitstellen eines Substrates mit einer Oberflächenrauhigkeit von höchstens 10 nm,
• – Plasmavorbehandlung des Substrates im Vakuum,
• – Aufbringen einer Basisschicht aus einem zumindest Silizium, Sauerstoff und Kohlenstoff umfassenden Polymer mittels Plasmapolymerisation im Vakuum,
• – Aufbringen einer Glanzschicht aus einem Metall, einer Metall-Legierung oder Metallverbindung mittels Sputtern im Vakuum,
• – Aufbringen einer zumindest teiltransparenten, verschleißfesten Lackdeckschicht.

Another method for gloss coating substrates is with the DE 10 2004 049 111 A1 announced. Thereafter, this method comprises the steps:

• Providing a substrate having a surface roughness of at most 10 nm,
• Plasma pretreatment of the substrate in vacuo,
• Applying a base layer of a polymer comprising at least silicon, oxygen and carbon by means of plasma polymerization in vacuo,
• Applying a gloss layer of a metal, a metal alloy or metal compound by means of sputtering in a vacuum,
• - Applying an at least partially transparent, wear-resistant paint topcoat.

The coating method described here is very suitable for the surface treatment of workpieces with smooth surface.

in this connection is a prerequisite that the surface roughness not more than 10 nm to be subsequently in a plasma CVD process apply an adhesion-promoting layer which is both temperature-stable, as well as flexible enough to balance occurring stresses.

The corrosion protection of the metal layer is achieved only by the stoving topcoat, thus the corrosion protection is greatly weakened in case of mechanical damage to the topcoat layer and it may occur infiltration, discoloration of the metal layer and corrosion. Because this stoving topcoat is baked in the range 180-200 ° C is the use of the method for plastic substrates, due to the high temperature load only very limited possible.

• – Reinigen des Substrates,
• – Beschichten des gereinigten Substrates mit dem die Glanzwirkung hervorrufenden Metall in einer Vakuumkammer, in der ein Plasma-Prozeß stattfindet und ein anschließendes Aufbringen einer Pulverlackschicht als Deckschicht und Einbrennen dieser.

A method of coating a substrate having a gloss-promoting material is known in the art EP 0 632 847 B1 known. The method comprises on the one hand the steps

• Cleaning the substrate,
• - Coating the cleaned substrate with the effect of causing the shiny metal in a vacuum chamber in which a plasma process takes place and then applying a powder coating layer as a topcoat and baking this.

• – Aufbringen und Einbrennen einer Pulverlackschicht als Grundschicht auf das Substrat,
• – Beschichten des grundbeschichteten Substrates mit dem die Glanzwirkung hervorrufenden Metall in einer Vakuumkammer, in der ein Plasma-Prozeß stattfindet und ein anschließendes Aufbringen einer Pulverlackschicht als Deckschicht und Einbrennen dieser.

On the other hand, the method comprises the following method steps:

• Applying and baking a powder coating layer as a base layer onto the substrate,
• - Coating of the base-coated substrate with the effect of causing the shiny metal in a vacuum chamber in which a plasma process takes place and then applying a powder coating layer as a topcoat and baking this.

Of the Disadvantage here is that no sufficient corrosion protection the metal layer is reached. In violation of the topcoat goes lost the gloss effect by corrosion of the metal layer.

In the further is from the EP 1 870 489 A1 a method for producing a corrosion-protected and high-glossy substrate, in which at least partially corrosion-protected and particularly shiny metallic and / or non-metallic substrate, comprising the Zurverfügung division of a substrate having at least one at least partially coatable surface and applying at least one metallic protective layer containing a first metal, a first noble metal or a first metal alloy by evaporation and at least one acid, oxide, double oxide, oxide hydrate, sulfide, halide, nitride, carbide, carbonitride, bond, silicide, oxyhalide and / or salt of a second metal, a second noble metal and / or a second metal alloy.

adversely This solution is wet-chemical treatment the metal layer. This produces process wastewater, which require an additional elaborate treatment. This means a considerable additional effort for the plant engineering, both for wastewater treatment as well as for production the corrosion protection layer. The treatment by wet chemical Procedure brings with it an environmental burden, resulting from the to be disposed of wet sludge and the risk of groundwater pollution or pollution.

Of the The present invention is therefore based on the object, a method for producing high-gloss or mirrored layers on substrates of metal, ceramic or plastic, which is over the known prior art by a further improvement of the corrosion protection of the metallic Gloss layer by eliminating progressive, corrosive infiltration, also in case of violation of the topcoat and the adhesion of the Topcoat distinguished. Furthermore, it is the task, a high environmental impact and to ensure sustainability.

• a) Vorbehandeln der zu beschichtenden Oberfläche des Substrates In diesem Schritt erfolgt zum einen die Reinigung des Substrates von anhaftenden Verschmutzungen und zum anderen das Aufrauhen der Oberfläche zur Verbesserung des Haftvermögens der aufzubringenden Schichten. Zu diesem Zweck werden die bekannten Vorbehandlungsverfahren des Sandstrahlens, Schleifens und/oder der chemischen Vorbehandlung eingesetzt.
• b) Aufbringen einer ersten Grundierungsschicht zur Glättung der Oberfläche mit einer Schichtdicke von 40 bis 200 μm, vorzugsweise von 50 bis 120 μm. Die Grundierung erfolgt entweder im konventionellen Nasslackierverfahren mit einem Füller oder durch eine geeignete Pulverbeschichtung. Es wird zum einen die Glättung der aufgerauhten Oberfläche und zum anderen die Haftung zwischen dem Substrat und dem auf die Grundierung folgendem Schichtaufbau erreicht. Weiterhin werden Ausgasungen aus dem Substrat vermindert. Der Auftrag erfolgt mittels bekannten Nasslackier- oder Pulverbeschichtungstechnologien.
• c) Aufbringen einer zweiten Grundierschicht zur Erzeugung einer Hochglanzschicht mit einer Schichtdicke von 40 bis 200 μm, vorzugsweise von 50 bis 120 μm. Die zweite Grundierschicht besteht ebenfalls aus einem Pulver- oder Naßlack und trägt zur Herstellung einer spiegelnden Oberfläche bei. Sie ist auch als Glättungsschicht zu verstehen. Der Auftrag erfolgt ebenfalls nach den bekannten Verfahren.
• d) Aktivierung der Oberfläche zur Erzeugung von Bindungsstellen und zur Beseitigung von Restverschmutzungen auf der Oberfläche Dieser Verfahrensschritt wird innerhalb der Vakuumkammer durchgeführt, wobei unter Hochspannung ein Plasma gezündet wird und durch die Gasionen die Oberfläche kinetisch bearbeitet wird. Dieser Verfahrensschritt kann durch den Auftrag einer Haftvermittlungsschicht für die sich anschließende Metallschicht ergänzt werden. Besonders Vorteilhaft ist dies ausgebildet, wenn die Haftvermittlungsschicht gleichzeitig eine Versiegelung der Metallschicht aus Richtung der Grundierung darstellt und so ein Unterwandern des Schichtsystems an der Phasengrenze Grundierung-Metallschicht verhindert wird. Als mögliche Haftvermittlungsschichten sind Edelmetallen-, Metalloxiden- oder Keramikschichten besonders geeignet.
• e) Aufdampfen einer Metall-, Metalllegierung und/oder Keramikschicht mit einer Schichtdicke von 50–500, insbesondere 80 bis 200 nm. Das Aufdampfen erfolgt mittels Verfahren der PVD-Technik innerhalb des Rezipienten der Vakuumanlage. Das Auftragsverfahren kann dabei zwischen Aufdampfen, Sputtern, Magnetronsputtern, Ionenstrahlverdampfen, reaktivem Verdampfen oder Verfahren der CVD Technik variieren. Neben keramischen Werkstoffen kommen Eisen oder Nichteisenmetalle, vorzugsweise Aluminium bzw. Aluminiumlegierungen oder Chromverbindungen zum Einsatz.
• f) Aufbringen einer Korrosionsschutzschicht mit einer Schichtdicke von 80 bis 200 nm Nach dem Auftrag der ersten Metallschicht in der Vakuumkammer (siehe Schritt e) wird anschließend eine Schutzschicht zur Steigerung der Korrosionsfestigkeit aufgebracht. Besonders bevorzugt gestaltet sich dies, wenn der Auftrag ohne Unterbrechung in der gleichen Vakuumanlage erfolgt, da das bereits hergestellte Vakuum im Rezipienten erhalten wird und dies sowohl energetische Vorteile mit sich bringt, als auch eine Kontamination der aufgetragenen Schicht bzw. des Substrates ausschließt. Durch Abscheidung dichter Keramikschichten und Einlagerung von Fremdmetallionen, wie Zirkon, Titan, Hafnium oder Chrom können galvanische Barrieren hergestellt werden. Diese Barrieren verhindern unter Anwesenheit eines Elektrolyten die Korrosion der unter e) aufgebrachten Metallschicht und bedingen so eine deutliche Korrosionsschutzverbesserung. Die Einlagerung der Fremdmetallionen erfolgt durch Einleitung eines geeigneten Prozessgases in den Rezipienten während des Schichtauftrages der Korrosionsschutzschicht. Besonders günstig stellt sich hier die Umweltverträglichkeit dar, da weder gefährliche Atmosphären noch aufwendig aufzuarbeitende Prozessabwässer entstehen.
• g) Aufbringen einer transparenten oder lasierenden Deckschicht mit einer Schichtdicke von 40 bis 150 μm, insbesondere im Bereich 40 bis 100 μm. Dieser Auftrag ist ein zusätzlicher Schutz des Schichtsystems vor korrosiven und mechanischen Einflüssen und wird als transparenter Nass- oder Pulverlack ausgebildet. Aus Gründen der Haftung, der mechanischen Eigenschaften, des Handlings und der Umweltverträglichkeit findet die Pulverbeschichtungstechnologie an dieser Stelle bevorzugt Anwendung. Durch Einfärbung des Decklackes mit lasierenden Pigmenten lassen sich Farbvariationen in allen Farbtönen nachstellen.
• h) Aufbringen einer Nanopartikel enthaltenden Abschlußschicht mit einer Schichtdicke von 0,5 bis 10 μm Durch das Aufbringen dieser Abschlußschicht wird der gesamte Schichtaufbau abschließend versiegelt und die Kratzfestigkeit erhöht. Weiterhin lassen sich so gezielt Oberflächeneigenschaften, wie die Tribologie, Härte oder Easy-to-clean-Effekte einstellen. Diese Schichten werden im Wisch- oder Sprühauftrag aufgebracht. Die Technologie setzt sich aus den bekannten Verfahren der Naß- bzw. Pulverbeschichtung und den Verfahren der Vakuumtechnik zusammen. Als wesentlicher Vorteil des Verfahrens, ist die Vermeidung von entsorgungspflichtigen Prozeßabwässern durch den Korrosionsschutzauftrag im Vakuumverfahren zu nennen.

According to the invention, the object is achieved by a method for producing high-gloss layers on substrates made of metal, ceramic or plastic, comprising the following method steps:

• a) pretreating the surface of the substrate to be coated In this step, on the one hand, the cleaning of the substrate of adhering contaminants and, on the other hand, the roughening of the surface to improve the adhesion of the layers to be applied. For this purpose, the known pretreatment processes of sandblasting, grinding and / or chemical pretreatment are used.
• b) applying a first primer layer for smoothing the surface with a layer thickness of 40 to 200 .mu.m, preferably from 50 to 120 .mu.m. The primer is applied either by conventional wet painting with a filler or by a suitable powder coating. On the one hand, the smoothing of the roughened surface and, on the other hand, the adhesion between the substrate and the layer structure following the primer are achieved. Furthermore, outgassing from the substrate is reduced. The order is carried out by means of known wet coating or powder coating technologies.
• c) applying a second primer layer to produce a high-gloss layer having a layer thickness of 40 to 200 .mu.m, preferably from 50 to 120 .mu.m. The second primer layer also consists of a powder or wet paint and contributes to the production of a reflective surface. It is also to be understood as a smoothing layer. The order also takes place according to the known methods.
• d) activation of the surface to create binding sites and to remove residual contamination on the surface This process step is within the Vaku performed under high voltage, a plasma is ignited and the surface is kinetically processed by the gas ions. This process step can be supplemented by the application of an adhesion-promoting layer for the subsequent metal layer. This is particularly advantageous if the adhesion-promoting layer at the same time represents a sealing of the metal layer from the direction of the primer, thus preventing the layer system from undercutting the phase boundary primer-metal layer. As a possible bonding layers are precious metals, metal oxide or ceramic layers are particularly suitable.
• e) vapor deposition of a metal, metal alloy and / or ceramic layer with a layer thickness of 50-500, in particular 80 to 200 nm. The vapor deposition takes place by means of PVD technology within the recipient of the vacuum system. The application method may vary between vapor deposition, sputtering, magnetron sputtering, ion beam evaporation, reactive evaporation or CVD technique. In addition to ceramic materials iron or non-ferrous metals, preferably aluminum or aluminum alloys or chromium compounds are used.
• f) Application of a Corrosion Protection Layer with a Layer Thickness of 80 to 200 nm After the application of the first metal layer in the vacuum chamber (see step e), a protective layer is then applied to increase the corrosion resistance. This is particularly preferred if the application takes place without interruption in the same vacuum system, since the vacuum already produced in the recipient is obtained and this brings both energetic advantages and excludes contamination of the applied layer or of the substrate. By depositing dense ceramic layers and depositing foreign metal ions, such as zirconium, titanium, hafnium or chromium, galvanic barriers can be produced. These barriers prevent the corrosion of the metal layer applied under e) in the presence of an electrolyte and thus cause a significant improvement in corrosion protection. The incorporation of the foreign metal ions takes place by introducing a suitable process gas into the recipient during the layer application of the corrosion protection layer. The environmental compatibility is particularly favorable here, since neither dangerous atmospheres nor elaborate process wastewater to be processed arise.
• g) applying a transparent or translucent cover layer with a layer thickness of 40 to 150 .mu.m, in particular in the range 40 to 100 microns. This order is an additional protection of the coating system against corrosive and mechanical influences and is designed as a transparent wet or powder coating. For reasons of adhesion, mechanical properties, handling and environmental compatibility, powder coating technology is preferred at this point. By coloring the topcoat with translucent pigments, color variations in all shades can be reproduced.
• h) Application of a nanoparticle-containing final layer having a layer thickness of 0.5 to 10 μm By applying this final layer, the entire layer structure is finally sealed and the scratch resistance is increased. Furthermore, surface properties such as tribology, hardness or easy-to-clean effects can be adjusted in a targeted manner. These layers are applied by wiping or spraying. The technology is composed of the known methods of wet or powder coating and the methods of vacuum technology. As an essential advantage of the process, the avoidance of waste water requiring treatment by the corrosion protection order in a vacuum process is to be mentioned.

By the selection of solvent-free coating processes (powder coating) or the use of VOC-compliant wet paints can protect the environment continue to be improved.

at Consistent optical appearance and improved mechanical Load capacity can be meaningfully substituted by the decorative galvanic chrome plating become. Compared to other methods which by a chemical-reductive Conversion layer formation the corrosion protection of the metal layer On the one hand, it will produce the handy, but at least the same Process reliability, facilitated and reduced to other systems engineering what ultimately also conserves resources.

advantageous Further developments and embodiments of the invention are the remainder Subclaims and from the below with reference to the drawing principle described in the embodiment seen.

It shows the 1 a schematic diagram of a layer structure according to the invention. On the pretreated substrate 1 is a first primer layer 2 and a second primer layer 2a applied and on this a metallic high-gloss coating 3 evaporated.

Between this high-gloss layer 3 and the transparent cover layer 5 is applied, a reactive vapor-deposited corrosion protection layer. Ver the entire layer structure is sealed by a nanoparticle-containing final layer 6 ,

For this embodiment, a high gloss and corrosion resistant layer structure is to be applied to an aluminum alloy car rim. For this purpose, the raw rim is first cleaned by known means of any adhering dirt. Subsequently, the rim is mechanically pretreated, for example by means of known grinding or sandblasting method. Particularly advantageous here is the sandblasting method, since the surface roughened simultaneously, activated and compacted. In addition to the additional cleaning effect, the surface is roughened, so that an improved adhesion of the layer structure on the rim material (substrate 1 ). Particularly suitable is the use of corundum grit as a blasting agent, wherein the process parameters are to be chosen so that a surface roughness of the treated surface of 20 to 80 .mu.m, in particular 30 to 60 microns results.

After cleaning the rim of the abrasive or sandblast residues, the first primer layer is formed by the known powder coating method 2 applied. The layer thickness here is 40 to 200 .mu.m, preferably from 50 to 120 .mu.m. In a drying oven, the crosslinking process of this powder coating layer takes place.

The first primer layer 2 , also called filler, serves to smooth the substrate surface, that is, the unevenness is filled up. Furthermore, this layer serves to improve the bonding for the following layers. An optimized outgassing behavior prevents outgassing and improves surface quality.

Subsequently, another second primer layer 2a applied by means of the powder coating process known per se. This serves to produce a high-gloss layer. The layer thickness is also between 40 and 200 microns, preferably 50 to 120 microns. The crosslinking process of this layer is again carried out in a drying oven.

After cooling to room temperature, the rim is retracted into the vacuum system and subjected to a plasma etching process generated by a process gas such as N ₂ , O ₂ or air and a high voltage. Subsequently, the metallic high-gloss layer 3 vapor-deposited in a conventional manner. As the material for this layer, an aluminum or an aluminum alloy is preferably used. The layer thickness is 50 to 500 nm, preferably 80 to 200 nm.

Without Break in the vacuum is in the same recipient of the vacuum system applied a corrosion protection layer. As a layer material Compounds suitable which form dense layers and such an attacking electrolyte as well as possible from the metal layer separate. This passive corrosion protection is complemented by an active one by embedding foreign metal ions in the layer. Suitable for this purpose elements which are either poorly soluble compounds form and thus again act as a barrier or that due to represent a sacrificial anode of the electrochemical series and thus the corrosion reaction of the actual metal layer delay. The entry has a particularly advantageous effect of titanium, zirconium, hafnium or chromium ions, as in the wet-chemical generation of conversion layers already the technology is.

When Corrosion coating material is mainly amorphous ceramic, metal salt or metal oxide compounds, since these high Transparents and do not adversely affect the appearance of the mirror layer. The incorporation of the foreign atoms can either be during the production of the layer material or by a suitable process gas, which during the Layer formation is initiated in the recipient, done. In order to can the layer structure by monitoring the rate of deposition, volume of the process gas, temperature and pressure Just monitor and vary if necessary.

Especially advantageous turns out that through the constantly applied vacuum contamination of the previous layer structure is avoided and thus defect images in the form of inclusions, Dust or similar are largely prevented.

Subsequently is by known powder coating or wet coating technologies applied a topcoat. By coloring the powder coating or in combination with other coating methods color appearance of the so coated rim in addition be varied.

The cover layer 5 has a layer thickness of 40 to 150 .mu.m, preferably 40 to 100 .mu.m, and is applied by known coating methods.

The conclusion of the sequence of layers forms the sealing layer containing nanoparticles 6 , This serves at a layer thickness of 0.5 to 10 microns, preferably 5 microns, the sealing of the layer structure. In addition, surface properties such as tribology, hardness or scratch temp sensitivity. With suitable nanoparticle selection, so-called lotus blossom or easy-to-clean effects can be achieved.

1

substratum

2

primer layer

2a

primer layer

3

Metal- or ceramic layer

4

conversion layer

5

topcoat

6

final layer

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - EP 0822010 A1 [0003, 0008]
• DE 19745407 A1 [0006, 0008]
• DE 102004049111 A1 [0010]
• - EP 0632847 B1 [0014]
• EP 1870489 A1 [0017]

Claims (8)

Process for producing high-gloss or mirror-coated layers on substrates of metal, ceramic or plastic, comprising the steps of a) pretreating the surface of the substrate to be coated ( 1 ); b) applying a first primer layer ( 2 ) for smoothing the surface with a thickness of 40 to 200 microns, preferably 50 to 120 microns; c) applying a second primer layer ( 2a ) for producing a high-gloss layer having a thickness of 40 to 200 μm, preferably 50 to 120 μm; d) activating the surface to create binding sites and to remove residual soil on the surface; e) vapor deposition of a metal or ceramic layer ( 3 ) having a thickness of 50 to 500 nm, preferably 80 to 200 nm; f) application of a corrosion protection layer (conversion layer 4 ) having a thickness of 80 to 200 nm as a barrier layer; g) application of a transparent or translucent cover layer ( 5 ) having a thickness of 50 to 150 μm, preferably in the range of 40 to 100 μm; h) application of a nanoparticle-containing final layer ( 6 ) having a thickness of 0.5 to 10 μm for increasing the scratch resistance of the coating. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that that steps a) to c), g) and h) outside and steps d) to f) within the vacuum chamber Coating system to be performed. Method according to Claims 1 and 2, characterized that after the basecoat a pretreatment in Plasma for adhesion mediation takes place. Process according to Claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the application of the anticorrosive layer ( 4 ) is carried out continuously in vacuo without the use of wet chemical methods. Method according to claims 1 and 4, characterized that the corrosion protection layer as a dense barrier layer is formed, which act as electrochemical barriers and prevent the corrosion reaction. Method according to claims 1 and 4, characterized that in the vacuum in the corrosion protection layer foreign metals be incorporated. Method according to Claims 1 to 6, characterized that the applied top layer by glazing color pigments be varied in your appearance. Layer structure on a substrate, produced by the process according to claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the mechanically pretreated substrate ( 1 ) a first and a second primer layer ( 2 . 2a ), between the on the primer layer ( 2a ) deposited by vapor deposition metal or ceramic layer ( 3 ) and the cover layer ( 5 ) by chemically reactive treatment of the metal layer ( 3 ) generated conversion layer ( 4 ) and on the top layer ( 5 ) is applied a nanoparticles containing final layer.