DE102008048289B3 - Multilayer antenna arrangement - Google Patents

Abstract

A multilayer antenna arrangement is characterized in particular by the following features: above the base or central section (53 ") of the patch arrangement (13) is a further patch antenna (B) with a dielectric carrier (105) and a radiation surface ( 107), the radiation surface (107) being provided on the upper side (105a) of the dielectric support (105) opposite the base or central section (53 ''), and the further patch antenna (B) at least partly immersed in it box-shaped or box-like designed parasitic patch arrangement (13) and / or the box-shaped or box-like designed parasitic patch arrangement (13) is wholly or partially as an electrically conductive surface (253d) formed on the further patch antenna (B) is provided at least in partial areas at the peripheral edge or outer surfaces (105d).

Description

The The invention relates in particular to a multilayer antenna arrangement according to planar design according to the preamble of patent claim 1.

A generic multilayer antenna is known from DE 10 2006 027 694 B3 known.

The from this publication known planar multilayer antenna comprises an electrical conductive ground plane, a conductive radiation surface (which is arranged in parallel distance to the ground plane) and a dielectric carrier, the between the mass surface and the radiation surface is sandwiched. Above the radiation surface is a support means arranged on which an electrically conductive patch element is positioned. The support device for the patch element has a Thickness or height smaller than the thickness or height of the patch element.

The Patch element itself can be used as a solid, ie as a solid material be educated. Possible is also that the patch element of a metal plate or a Sheet metal is made, for example, by cutting or Punching with circumferential and away from the dielectric support running ridges, edges or the like is provided.

A such antenna is particularly suitable as a motor vehicle antenna, for example, also for the SDARS services. For this purpose, such a patch antenna in addition additional antenna emitters for other services arranged on a common socket arrangement be.

Such an antenna arrangement with a plurality of antennas which are located under a common hood is known, for example, from US Pat EP 1 616 367 B1 known.

According to the above mentioned prior publication is a multi-functional antenna is known, which has a socket, on which four different antennas offset in the longitudinal direction to each other arranged and covered by means of a cover covering all antennas are. This is only an example of an antenna arrangement, in which four different antennas are used. In many cases deviating but also antenna arrangements are needed, the For example, only one antenna device for the SDARS service and for example need another patch antenna to determine the geoposition, so an antenna that is common also briefly referred to as a GPS antenna, regardless of which principle they are based and / or by which operator such systems for disposal (known are the so-called GPS positioning system, the Galileo system etc.).

An improved patch antenna, which is superior to earlier antennas, in particular for receiving SDARS services or comparable services broadcast via satellite and / or terrestrial services in parallel, is known from the generic type mentioned above DE 10 2006 027 694 B3 known.

Patch antenna arrays having a plurality of superposed radiation surfaces are also known. In this case, a patch area is usually arranged over the other, in each case with the interposition of a substrate. As a result, it is also possible to realize antennas that operate in different frequency bands. Such antenna arrangements are for example from the DE 10 2004 035 064 A1 . US 7,253,770 B2 . US Pat. No. 6,850,191 B1 or from the prior publication Pigaglio, O .; Raveu, N .; Pascal, O., "Design of multi-frequency band Circularly Polarized Stacked Microstrip patch Antenna," IEEE Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, 5-11 July 2008, DOI 10.1109 / APS.2008.4619109 as known, taking for example at the last named "stacked patch antenna" a plurality of plate-shaped substrate layers are arranged with trained thereon conductive patch surfaces one above the other.

From the US 2008/0218418 A1 For example, a housing-shaped antenna arrangement with a conductive outer housing has become known, which is filled with substrate in the interior and provided on the upper side with a parasitic patch. Embedded underneath this parasitic patch is an actively operated patch surface embedded in the substrate, wherein, between this active patch and the parasitic patch provided on the upper side of the substrate, a further, intermediate patch surface may possibly be formed.

That Antenna arrangements with an active patch and one above it parasitic Patch basically are known, also in connection with the connection of a so-called "horn" results For example, from the further prior publication Nasimuddin; Esselle, K.P .; Verma, A.K .; "Wideband High-Gain Circularly Polarized Stacked Microstrip Antennas With Optimized C-Type Feed and a Short Horn, "IEEE Transactions to Antennas and Propagation, Feb. 2008, Vol. 56, No. 2,578-581.

Regardless of these prior art However, it can and must be noted that a fundamentally improved patch antenna, superior to earlier antennas, can be used in particular for receiving SDARS services or comparable services broadcast via satellite and / or terrestrial radiated services from the aforementioned generic type DE 10 2006 027 694 B3 is known.

If such a patch antenna is to be used, for example, with a further patch antenna provided for the GPS service, the result is basically a structure such as that described 1 can be seen in a schematic vertical cross-sectional view.

In 1 is an antenna with a bottom usually electrically conductive and in 1 shown only schematically indicated base S, which is covered by a permeable to electromagnetic radiation hood H, whereby the located inside the hood H antennas are protected.

In a schematic cross-sectional representation of an improved multilayer antenna A is shown, which has a structure, as for example, by the aforementioned DE 10 2006 027 694 B3 it is known that the WO 2007/144104 A1 equivalent.

Additionally is at the 1 In a simplified horizontal horizontal section, the antenna arrangement is usually provided with a second antenna B when mounted on a vehicle in the direction of travel, namely a conventional patch antenna comprising a bottom ground plane M vertically spaced above an active patch area R and a dielectric substrate D therebetween. This patch antenna is - as known - fed by a feed line L, which leads through a hole from below through the ground plane M and the substrate D to the patch surface R and is connected there galvanically to the patch surface R. The substrate D is preferably made of ceramic, a material with a high dielectric constant.

task It is now the object of the present invention to provide such an antenna arrangement, optionally as a basic type using further antennas for further Services (eg mobile services in different frequency ranges, etc.) to improve.

The Task is according to the invention accordingly solved the features specified in claim 1. Advantageous embodiments The invention are specified in the subclaims.

In the context of the invention, a surprising solution is provided in which a to the antenna arrangement according to 1 Comparable antenna arrangement is provided, compared to the example according to 1 but much more compact.

In the context of the inventive solution it is proposed that in the antenna in a above the radiation surface of a first or primary patch antenna spaced (passive or parasitic) conductive patch element which at least partially with a circumferential and directed away from the radiation surface of the antenna A away Edge or wall is provided in 1 shown additional patch antenna B is arranged.

With other words sits the extra, for example the GPS services provided second or secondary patch antenna in the box-shaped or boxes similar designed parasitic Patch element facing opposite the first-mentioned antenna A is arranged above the associated radiation surface is.

The Another patch antenna may be in this box-shaped or box-like Patch element with a partial height plunge. It can with its top over the encircling edge of the box-shaped or box-like Protect patch element of the first antenna.

Is possible but also that the at least partially circumferential edge of the parasitic patch element the first patch antenna ends above the surface of the further patch antenna, thus the extra Patch antenna full constantly in the receiving space of the with a circumferential edge or with circumferential Inserted edge sections patch element immersed.

The more - in particular intended for GPS services - patch antenna can thereby with the interposition of an insulating layer on the parasitic box-shaped or box-like patch element the first patch antenna resting and / or attached.

Is possible also, that the further, especially for GPS services provided patch antenna not with its own ground plane is provided, but the substrate directly on the parasitic box-shaped or box-like Patch element of the first patch antenna rests, so that the parasitic patch element the first patch antenna at the same time the ground plane of the forms another patch antenna.

Finally, it has been shown in the invention that the parasitic at least from can be formed on the underside and / or on the peripheral edge sides of the further patch antenna cut manner with a peripheral edge or a circumferential wall formed patch element. Thus, the above-mentioned box-shaped or box-like patch element is not provided as a separate component, ie completely or partially not provided as a separate component, but the corresponding electrically conductive portions of the so-called box-shaped or box-like patch element are wholly or partially as metallized layers on the corresponding sections of formed further patch antenna.

In In this case, the parasitic Patch element of the primary Antenna wholly or partly from a metallized layer the bottom and / or on the circumferential side walls of the other Be formed patch antenna. These steps may already be in the making the other patch antenna can be realized, similar to when making the patch antenna itself when on the substrate Such a patch antenna lying in the transmission direction an electrically conductive patch plane and on the opposite Side an electrically conductive ground plane in the form of metallizations on the top and bottom of the substrate the patch antenna are applied. In that case, so would that in the prior art above a radiation surface of a Patch antenna provided parasitic further stud-shaped or bocelike Patch element as a physically independent element omitted.

The mentioned Metallizations on the patch antenna, on its underside and / or on one or more of the circumferential side surfaces does not have to be completely revolving be formed, but may have interruptions in the direction of rotation, For example, at the corners, can be different levels, can even be from the ground plane below or below parasitic Patch element to be galvanically isolated. The mentioned metallizations on the faces can even reach down to the top of the other patch antenna, but should there be galvanically isolated from the active powered Antenna patch of the other antenna.

The Shaping in particular the further patch antenna, d. H. especially the shape of the substrate, the lower ground plane, the at the same time the area of the parasitic Patchelementes the first patch antenna can be, as well as the active patch area provided on the send / receive side must not necessarily be square or rectangular. This surface can be designed n-polygonal and even more deviating from a regular angular shape Have shapes. After all have to also the side walls substrate of additional Patch antenna and / or there at least partially provided and away from the first patch antenna away extending sidewalls or side surfaces not necessarily formed parallel to the axial direction of the patch antenna be (ie perpendicular to the various mass and / or patch surfaces), but can be rounded Edges, angled edges, etc. have. restrictions are also not given in this respect.

Compared to the state of the art and based on 1 described previously known solution can be achieved in the invention a significant reduction in space requirements for the antenna combination according to the invention. The reduced overall size is particularly important for vehicle roof antenna systems, which have a critical design, in which due to the design specifications given by the vehicle manufacturer for the design of the outer envelope of the antenna usually only little space is available.

It is all the more surprising that the per se good electrical properties of a corresponding motor vehicle antenna according to the previously known DE 10 2006 027 694 B3 not only maintained, but could even be improved, even though the space required was reduced. This is not obvious, because in the intended patch element another antenna is inserted. This is all the more surprising because this antenna system should be suitable for receiving the SDARS services and the corresponding antenna designs for receiving these services must be evaluated very critically, since the antennas do not have the corresponding desired good reception properties.

in the The invention also provides the characteristics of the upper GPS antenna not negatively affected. This too is surprising. In addition, can be within the scope of the invention also make the upper GPS antenna larger, d. H. possibly even as large as the underlying SDARS patch area. This is another significant difference from the prior art, because here always the upper patch antenna was smaller than the lower one and had to be. By enlarging the GPS patch antenna will also be a significant improvement on receiving this service ensured. In the context of the invention is even a preferred embodiment possible, in which the upper patch antenna or the upper dielectric carrier is larger than the SDARS patch underneath. This ultimately leads to one Improvement of the properties of the SDARS patch.

In addition, within the scope of the invention, an overall antenna with two patch emitters can be realized, which are completely assembled as part of series production in an upstream step and then mounted as a unit on an antenna chassis or an antenna base. This has compared to the production process in the production of a conventional antenna arrangement according to the prior art (as with reference to 1 described) significant advantages.

The The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to drawings. there show in detail:

1 a schematic cross-sectional view of an antenna as it is in particular on the roof of a motor vehicle attachable using a first, known in the prior art patch antenna and a seated next patch antenna for other services;

2 a cross-sectional view through an antenna arrangement according to the invention using a first (primary) and a second (secondary) patch antenna;

3 : A schematic plan view of the embodiment according to 2 with additional representation of the main components of the first patch antenna located under an upper (parasitic) patch element;

4 : A schematic spatial representation of the patch antenna arrangement according to the invention with the two individual patch antennas;

5 : a corresponding representation to 4 but without the second patch antenna;

6 a cross-sectional view similar to the cross-sectional view according to 2 with respect to a modified embodiment;

7 : another cross-sectional view comparable to the representations according to 2 or 6 with respect to a further modified embodiment;

8th a spatial representation of the antenna arrangement according to the invention with the two patch antennas with respect to the in 7 in vertical section shown antenna;

9 : another modification regarding in 8th spatially reproduced patch antenna arrangement according to the invention;

10 : another modification too 9 in spatial representation;

11 : another modification to those in the 9 and 10 reproduced spatial representations;

12 : a further modification in particular to the in 8th shown embodiment in a spatial representation;

13 a further modified embodiment in cross-sectional view to illustrate different substrate cross-sections for the further patch antenna;

14 : one in particular too 4 respectively. 8th deviating embodiment in which the parasitic patch arrangement is designed partially box-shaped or box-like and partially metallized (electrically conductive) layers, for example, on the peripheral or side walls of the other patch antenna formed; and

15 A further modified embodiment in which the box-shaped or box-like electrically conductive patch element is omitted, for example, at two opposite corner regions, although the further patch antenna projects beyond the parasitic patch element in these corner regions.

Hereinafter, first on the embodiment according to the 2 to 5 Reference is made, in which a patch antenna is shown, which has along an axial axis Z superimposed surfaces and layers. Such a patch element is in principle from the DE 10 2006 027 694 B3 the disclosure of which is fully incorporated by reference. However, that shows from the DE 10 2006 027 694 B3 known patch element no additional patch antenna on.

From the schematic cross-sectional view according to 2 It can be seen that the patch antenna A on its so-called bottom or mounting side 1 an electrically conductive ground plane 3 having. On the ground plane 3 or arranged with a lateral offset to a dielectric carrier 5 , which is usually an outer contour in plan view 5 ' that has the outer contour 3 ' the ground plane 3 equivalent. This dielectric carrier 5 but can also be larger or smaller dimensions and / or with the outer contour 3 ' the ground plane 3 deviating outer contour 5 ' be provided. Generally, the outer contour 3 ' the ground plane may be n-polygonal and / or even provided with curvy sections or curvy, although this is unusual.

The dielectric carrier 5 with his upper body page 5a and its bottom 5b has a sufficient height or thickness, which is usually a multiple of the thickness of the mass surface 3 equivalent. In contrast to the ground plane 3 which consists approximately only of a two-dimensional surface is the dielectric carrier 5 So designed as a three-dimensional body with sufficient height and thickness.

Unlike the dielectric body 5 it is also possible to provide a different type of dielectric or a different type of dielectric structure, also using air or with a layer of air next to a further dielectric body. When using air as a dielectric then, of course, a corresponding support means, for example, with stilts, bolts, columns, etc., must be provided in order to carry and hold the other parts of the patch antenna located above and subsequently explained.

On the to the bottom 5b opposite top 5a is an electrically conductive radiation surface 7 formed, which can also be understood again approximately as a two-dimensional surface. This radiation surface 7 is via a feed line 9 electrically energized and excited, preferably in the transverse direction, in particular perpendicular to the radiation surface 7 from below through the base (chassis) S, the ground plane 3 and through the dielectric support 5 in a corresponding hole or channel 5c runs.

From a usually lower connection point 11 to which a not shown in detail coaxial cable can be connected, then the inner conductor of the coaxial cable, not shown, with the feed line 9 electrically-galvanic and thus with the radiation surface 7 connected. The outer conductor of the coaxial cable, not shown, is connected to the underlying ground surface 3 electrically-galvanically connected. Instead of the connected coaxial line and a microstrip line can be used and connected accordingly.

In the embodiment according to 2 ff., a patch antenna is described which is a dielectric 5 and has a square shape in plan view. This shape or the corresponding contour or outline 5 but may also deviate from the square shape and generally have an n-polygonal shape. Although unusual, even curvy outer boundaries can be provided.

The on the dielectric 5 seated radiation surface 7 can have a same contour or outline 7 ' have like the underlying dielectric 5 , In the embodiment shown, the basic shape is also the outline 5 ' of the dielectric 5 adapted and formed square, but has at two opposite corners flattening 7 '' on (only in the plan view according to 3 shown), which are formed, so to speak, by omitting an isosceles right-angled triangle. In general, the outline can also be used 7 ' represent an n-polygonal outline or contour or even with a curved outer boundary 7 ' be provided.

The mentioned ground plane 3 as well as the radiation surface 7 are sometimes referred to as a "two-dimensional" surface, because their thickness is so small that they can not be called "solid" virtually. The thickness of the ground plane 3 and the radiation surface 7 is usually less than 1 mm, ie usually less than 0.5 mm, in particular less than 0.25 mm, 0.20 mm, 0.10 mm.

The patch antenna explained so far may consist, for example, of a commercially available patch antenna, preferably of a so-called ceramic patch antenna with a dielectric carrier layer 5 from a ceramic material. According to the further description, it follows that, in addition to the previously discussed patch antenna, a patch antenna in the sense of a stacked patch antenna A is further developed, in which case above the upper radiation surface 7 (Preferably perpendicular to the radiation surface 7 offset parallel thereto) additionally a parasitic patch element 13 is provided. This parasitic patch element 13 is designed so that it faces the aforementioned ground plane 3 and the radiation surface 7 a three-dimensional structure with different, ie greater height or thickness in contrast to the ground plane 3 or radiation surface 7 having.

Preferred is a support device 19 (Specifically, a dielectric support) having a thickness or height 17 over which the parasitic patch element 13 is held and carried. This dielectric support device 19 preferably consists of an adhesive or mounting layer 19 ' , for example, as so-called double-sided adhesive and mounting layer 19 ' can be trained. Commercially available double-sided adhesive tapes or double-sided adhesive foam tapes, adhesive pads or the like can be used for this purpose, which have a corresponding thickness mentioned above. This opens the easy way, over this the mentioned patch element 13 on the top of a commercially available patch antenna, in particular a commercially available ceramic patch antenna to attach and mount.

The so-described stacked patch antenna A is on a in 2 positioned only as a line indicated chassis S, so on a pedestal, also with the reference number 20 is additionally marked. For example, this socket can be the base base chassis 20 represent for a motor vehicle antenna on which the antenna according to the invention may optionally be installed in addition to other antennas for other services. The stacked-patch antenna A according to the invention can be used, for example, in particular as an antenna for the reception of satellite or terrestrial signals, for example the so-called SDARS service. However, there are no restrictions for use for other services.

The patch element 13 may for example consist of an electrically conductive, open at the top box-shaped metal body with appropriate longitudinal and transverse extent and sufficient height.

As from the spatial representation according to 4 and 5 it can be seen, this patch element 13 a rectangular or square structure with a corresponding outline 53 ' without being limited to this shape. In 4 is the upper patch element 13 shown in plan view rectangular or square, including the peripheral edges or walls, which will be discussed below. According to the plan view in FIG 3 is indicated that the parasitic patch element 13 may also have a different shape, for example, an n-polygonal shape. This is in 3 shown that the patch element 13 for example, at two opposite corners with flats 13 '' may be provided, for example, adjacent to the flats 7 '' the overhead active radiator surface 7 the patch antenna A lie.

In the embodiment shown, the patch element 13 a longitudinal extent and a transverse extent, which is larger than the longitudinal and transverse extent of the radiation surface on the one hand 7 and / or on the other hand also greater than the longitudinal and transverse extent of the dielectric carrier 5 and / or the underlying ground surface 3 ,

As can be seen from the figures, this includes on the support means 19 sitting or attached thereto designed in the manner of an open-topped box parasitic patch element 13 a base or central surface 53 '' , which in the embodiment shown with a peripheral edge or a circumferential web 53d (in general, a corresponding survey 53d ), which extends from the plane of the base surface also parallel to the ground plane 53 '' transversely, in particular vertically rises. Such a patch element 13 can be made for example by cutting and edges of an electrically conductive metal sheet, wherein the circumferential ridges 53d in the corner regions can be electrically / galvanically connected to each other, for example by soldering (wherein further in the central portion 53 '' also recesses may be provided, which will not be discussed further below).

Above this secondary patch element 13 is - as shown in the other figures - a second patch antenna B. The dimensioning of the second patch antenna B is in terms of their length and width such that their dimensions z. B. at least slightly smaller than the free inner longitudinal and transverse extension between the circumferential ridges 53d of the parasitic patch element 13 , This opens up the possibility that the patch antenna B to varying degrees in the interior 53a of the patch element 13 can dive. In other words, it comes down to the lowest level, ie the lowest limit level 101 in the interior 53a of the parasitic patch element 13 to lie, so below the upper boundary plane 53c passing through the upper circumferential edge of the webs, edges or exterior walls 53d the parasitic patch is given.

The second patch antenna B likewise in turn comprises a substrate (dielectric body) 105 with a top 105a and a bottom 105b , wherein in the transmitting / receiving direction (ie facing away from the patch antenna A) lying the active radiation surface 107 the second or secondary patch antenna B as an electrically conductive surface on the top 105a of the substrate 105 formed and facing the patch antenna A (ie on the bottom 105b ) the associated second ground plane 103 the second patch antenna B is provided.

From the drawings it can be seen that transversely and in particular perpendicular to the patch radiator surfaces (ie in the axial Z direction of the entire antenna arrangement), a further channel or a further bore 105c is provided. This channel runs through the chassis 20 , by the first or primary patch antenna A (that is, by its ground plane, the dielectric body and the radiation surface above), by the subsequent supporting device 19 and the parasitic patch element 13 , by a possibly following thereon supporting layer for the second patch antenna B and by the second belonging to the patch antenna B ground surface 103 and through the dielectric support 105 to the overhead second radiation surface 107 ie the second radiation surface 107 the second patch antenna B.

At the bottom of the chassis 20 there is a coaxial connection, so that over a in Channel extending feed line 109 the radiation surface 107 is fed. The outer conductor of a coaxial connecting cable is at the connection with the ground plane 3 galvanically connected. Of course, in this embodiment, a microstrip can be provided to circuit line instead of a coaxial connection line.

In the embodiments described so far, the height 115 the second patch antenna B (including one possibly on the underside of the ground plane 103 adjacent to the top of the parasitic patch element 13 located support and / or attachment and / or adhesive layer 111 ) greater than the height 117 ie larger than the peripheral edges 53d of the parasitic patch element 13 , The height of the patch element can also be as high as the peripheral edges 53d of the parasitic patch element 13 ,

Based on 6 is shown that the circumferential edges 53d of the parasitic patch element 13 may even be higher than the height of the second patch antenna B, leaving the second patch antenna B completely inside 53a of the parasitic patch element 13 dips. Incidentally, shows 6 in contrast to 2 in that the longitudinal and transverse extent of the further patch antenna B extending to the Z-axis is dimensioned larger and the interior space of the parasitic patch element 13 at least almost completely fill.

Based on the sectional view according to 7 is shown that the parasitic patch element 13 (which is used for beam shaping of the patch antenna A) is now directly connected to the second patch antenna B. The first or primary patch antenna A belonging upper patch element 13 For example, from a metallized layer 253 exist, which is formed directly on the surface of the second patch antenna B. The application of this metallized layer can already be carried out during the production of the second patch antenna B, similar to the way in which the patch area or the ground area or the metallization on the top or bottom side of the second patch antenna B can be applied during its production. Thus, the parasitic patch element 13 as a physically independent element is no longer present, but an integral part of the second patch antenna B.

Based on 7 and 8th is to be seen that even on the separate lower ground plane 103 the second patch antenna B has been omitted, so that the metallized layer 253 on the bottom 105b of the dielectric carrier 105 as a layer 253d the ground plane 103 the second patch antenna B replaces and / or forms and at the same time this metallized layer 253 also the parasitic patch element 13 forms. In this embodiment, while the metallized layer 253 at least in part height also on the peripheral edges 105d So on the outside 105d formed the second patch antenna B and cover there the dielectric carrier 105 , It is the on the dielectric support 105 the second patch antenna B on the bottom 105b trained lower layer 253b with the provided on the outer peripheral surfaces at least in a partial height metallized layers 253d completely or at least partially galvanically connected.

From the illustration according to 9 you can see that on the outside 105d of the second dielectric carrier 105 , ie metallizations formed on the second patch antenna B in the direction of rotation 253 do not always have to be the same height. It can be seen, for example, that at the one peripheral edge 105d formed metallized layer 253d recesses 253 ' so that a metallized layer of lesser height remains, whereas on the in 9 right outside 105d on the dielectric support 105 a metallized layer 253d is formed, which is up to the top 105a of the substrate 105 enough.

In the variant according to 10 is shown that the circumferential metallized layer 253d does not have to be designed completely circumferential, but that the individual metallized layers 253d at the peripheral edges 105d of the dielectric carrier 105 interruptions 253 '' can have up to the level of the bottom 105b on the dielectric support 105 are formed. These interruptions or recesses 253 '' are in the variant according to 10 provided in the corner regions of the substrate.

One based on 11 shown further variant, it can be seen that the dielectric carrier 105 trained circumferential metallised layers 253d even from the bottom 105a of the dielectric carrier 105 formed metallized layer 253b through a separation section 253e are separated, that are galvanically isolated in this embodiment. At the corner regions of the substrate in this embodiment, the metallized layers 253d circulating galvanically connected.

According to the embodiment according to 12 It can be seen that the metallized layers 253 not only at the bottom 105b and on the peripheral edge or outer surfaces 105d but even from the outer edge 105d Starting over a certain amount on the top 105a of the dielectric carrier 105 extend, but at a distance in front of the upper Strahlungsflä che 107 the second patch antenna B end, so that there is a galvanic separation between the on the top 105a of the substrate 105 provided radiation surface 107 to the metallizations 253 given is. In the embodiment shown here is the on the top 105a of the substrate 105 formed electrically conductive layer 253a with the electrically conductive layers 105d on the outer circumference of the substrate 105 galvanically connected.

Based on the cross-sectional representation of 13 it should be shown that the dielectric support 105 the second patch antenna B in the vertical cross-section (perpendicular to the individual radiation surfaces) does not necessarily have to have a rectangular shape, but bevels 305 at the top and bottom or curvy elements on the substrate 105 can be trained. With correspondingly attached metallized layers 253 These layers are formed following the corresponding outer contour of the substrate.

For completeness, it should be mentioned that the dielectric carrier 5 , the corresponding underlying ground plane 3 and the radiating surface opposite to the ground surface 7 the first patch antenna A as well as the dielectric carrier 105 the second patch antenna B and the optionally provided ground plane 103 as well as the associated radiation surface 107 does not necessarily have to have a square or rectangular shape, but quite generally n-polygonal or even with curvy edge surfaces can be provided. Reference to the embodiments shown, in particular with reference to 3 can be seen that, for example, the radiation surface 7 on two diagonally opposite corner areas with flats 7 '' (that is, formed on the first patch antenna A) is provided, whereas at corresponding formed on two diagonally opposite corner areas flats 107 '' also with regard to the radiator surface 107 may be formed on the second patch antenna B. These two flats 107 '' of the second patch antenna B are at 90 ° to the flats 107 '' formed on the first patch antenna A lying. Similarly, even deviating from 2 and 4 the parasitic patch element, for example with opposite flats 13 '' (as in 3 be shown). It can also be the dielectric carrier 5 respectively. 105 also be formed with non-regular outer contours, in particular opposite flats while avoiding corresponding corner areas.

Below we will refer to a further embodiment according to 14 Reference is made, which ultimately reflects an embodiment, which as a combination of the embodiment according to 4 and according to 11 can be described.

Because of the embodiment according to 14 It can be seen that an upper parasitic patch arrangement 13 is provided, similar to how they are based on 4 and the other embodiments. In addition, however, the further patch antenna B has at its circumferential side walls, ie at their outer peripheral surfaces 105d metallizing sections, so Metallisierun gene 253d on, which extend in this embodiment only in a partial height (but also in the entire height of the further patch antenna B may be formed). In the illustrated embodiment, the metallizations extend 253d at a height that at exactly lateral view at least in a partial height over the peripheral edge 13 ' the upper patch arrangement 13 survives but also ends up. Also this metallization 253d can have over the peripheral surface portions of different heights, with interruptions, sometimes with connections to a formed on the underside of the other patch antenna B metallization, etc. Further limitations are therefore also not given.

Based on 15 For example, it is shown that, for example, the parasitic patch arrangement in question 13 for example, on two opposite corner areas with flattenings, recesses or so-called omissions 13 '' can be provided, as already in 3 indicated in plan view and in 15 is shown in a three-dimensional rendering. In other words, in this embodiment, the peripheral edges, walls or webs 53d at these corner areas with the flats 13 '' interrupted, in which the in this case-shaped or bocelike parasitic patch element 13 located further patch antenna B at these corner regions on the thus created opening areas 13a between two adjacent edge sections 53d can protrude outwards, so that the circumferential edge 105d the further patch antenna B is visible.

Claims (15)

Multilayer antenna of planar design, comprising a patch antenna (A), preferably excluding an inverted F antenna, with a plurality of surfaces and / or layers arranged along an axial axis (Z) with or without lateral offset, with the following features: it is an electrically conductive ground plane ( 3 ), - it is a conductive radiation surface ( 7 ) provided in the direction of the axial axis (Z) to the Mas area ( 3 ) is arranged lying horizontally and preferably runs parallel thereto, - it is a dielectric support ( 5 ) provided between the ground plane ( 3 ) and the radiation surface ( 7 ) is arranged at least in a partial height and / or a partial area, optionally adjacent to air, - the radiation surface ( 7 ) is connected to an electrically conductive feed line ( 9 ) electrically connected, - on the ground surface ( 3 ) opposite side of the radiation surface ( 7 ) is a carrying device ( 19 ), - on the radiation surface ( 7 ) opposite side of the carrying device ( 19 ) is an electrically conductive parasitic patch arrangement ( 13 ), - the carrying device ( 19 ) has a thickness or height ( 17 ), which is smaller than the thickness or height ( 114 ) of the parasitic patch arrangement ( 13 ), - the parasitic patch arrangement ( 13 ) is shaped like a bucket or box and / or comprises at least partially circumferential elevations, edge, web or wall sections ( 53b ) extending from a base or central section ( 53 '' ) of the parasitic patch arrangement ( 13 ) extend transversely, of the radiation surface ( 7 ) directed away, characterized by the following further features: - above the base or central section ( 53 '' ) of the patch arrangement ( 13 ) is a further patch antenna (B) with a dielectric support ( 105 ) and a radiation surface ( 107 ), wherein the radiation surface ( 107 ) on the base or central section ( 53 '' ) opposite top ( 105a ) of the dielectric carrier ( 105 ) is provided, and - the further patch antenna (B) at least partially immersed in the box-shaped or box-like designed parasitic patch arrangement ( 13 ) and / or the box-shaped or box-like designed parasitic patch arrangement ( 13 ) is wholly or partly as electrically conductive surfaces ( 253d ) formed on the further patch antenna (B) at least in partial areas at the peripheral edge or outer surfaces ( 105d ) are provided. Antenna according to Claim 1, characterized in that the parasitic patch arrangement ( 13 ) from the base or central section ( 53 '' ) transversely extending elevations, edges and / or webs ( 53b ) whose height ( 117 ) the height ( 115 ) of the further patch antenna (B) is equal to or greater. Antenna according to Claim 1, characterized in that the parasitic patch arrangement ( 13 ) from the base or central section ( 53 '' ) transversely extending elevations, edges, webs and / or walls ( 53b ) and / or electrically conductive surfaces ( 253b ) whose height ( 117 ) the height ( 115 ) of the further patch antenna (B) is equal to or smaller. Antenna according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that on the underside ( 105b ) of the dielectric carrier ( 105 ) of the second patch antenna (B) has a ground plane ( 103 ) is trained. Antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that between the ground plane ( 103 ) and the base or central section ( 53 '' ) of the parasitic patch arrangement ( 13 ) a carrier layer ( 111 ) is preferably provided from non-conductive material, in particular in the form of a double-sided adhesive layer. Antenna according to one of Claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the dielectric support ( 105 ) with its underside ( 105b ) directly on top of the base or central section ( 53 '' ) of the parasitic patch arrangement ( 13 ) is arranged. Antenna according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the longitudinal and / or the transverse extension of the further patch antenna (B) parallel to the base or central portion ( 53 '' ) of the parasitic patch arrangement ( 13 ) has a smaller oversize than the clear inside dimension in the longitudinal and transverse direction between the elevations, edges, webs and / or electrically conductive surfaces ( 53b ) of the parasitic patch arrangement ( 13 ). Antenna according to one of Claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the base or central section ( 53 '' ) of the parasitic patch arrangement ( 13 ) as an electrically conductive layer or metallization ( 253b ) directly on the underside of the dielectric support ( 105 ) of the second patch antenna (B) is provided. Antenna according to one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the elevation, edges, webs and or walls ( 53b ) of the parasitic patch arrangement ( 13 ) as electrically conductive surfaces or metallizations ( 253d ) on the outer surfaces ( 105d ) on the dielectric support ( 105 ) of the second patch antenna (B) are formed. Antenna according to claim 9, characterized in that on the outer peripheral surfaces ( 105d ) of the dielectric carrier ( 105 ) formed electrically conductive layers or metallizations ( 253d ) extend at a partial height or in their entire height. Antenna according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that on the Außenumfangsflä chen ( 105d ) of the dielectric carrier ( 105 ) formed electrically conductive surfaces or metallizations ( 253d ) of those on the bottom ( 105b ) of the dielectric carrier ( 105 ) electrically conductive layers or metalizations ( 253d ) are galvanically isolated. Antenna according to one of claims 1 to 11, characterized in that on the upper side ( 105a ) of the dielectric carrier ( 105 ) from the top ( 105a ) provided radiation surface ( 107 ) separate electrically conductive surfaces or metallizations ( 253a ) are provided, preferably with those on the outer walls ( 105d ) of the dielectric carrier ( 105 ) formed electrically conductive surfaces or metallizations ( 253d ) are galvanically connected. Antenna according to one of claims 1 to 12, characterized in that the radiation surface ( 7 ) of the patch antenna (A), the radiation surface ( 107 ) of the further patch antenna (B) and / or the dielectric carrier ( 105 ) of the second patch antenna (B) opposite flats ( 7 ''; 107 ''; 53 '' ) having. Antenna according to one of claims 1 to 13, characterized in that the at least at partial areas of the peripheral edge or outer surfaces ( 105 ) of the further patch antenna (B) formed metallization ( 253d ) when viewed sideways parallel to the ground plane ( 3 ) from the ground plane ( 3 ) leaking edges or edges ( 13 ' ) of the box-shaped or box-like parasitic patch arrangement ( 13 ) surmounted. Antenna according to one of Claims 1 to 14, characterized in that the box-shaped or box-like parasitic patch arrangement ( 13 ) at one or preferably at least two opposite corner regions with a recess ( 13a ), in which Eckberei chen the peripheral edges ( 53d ) a recess or omission ( 13a ), in which region the corners of the further patch antenna (B) protrude freely.