DE102009004045A1 - Disk i.e. windscreen, for e.g. aircraft, has daylight blocker exhibiting transmission for light of preset wavelength less than preset percentage and for light of wavelength of preset greater than preset percentage - Google Patents

Abstract

The disk has a disk segment (7) with an upper disk (1), and an intermediate layer (3) with an optical transparent adhesive foil (4a). A daylight blocker (5) exhibits transmission for light of wavelength 300 nm to 800 nm less than 10 percentage and for light of wavelength of 800 to 1000 nm greater than 20 percentage. The daylight blocker is made of polymer such as polybutylenterephthalate, polycarbonate, polyethylenterephthalate, ethylvinylacetate and polyvinylbutyral and/or blockpolymer or copolymer. The upper disk and a lower disk (2) are made of flat glass and polymethylmethacrylate. An independent claim is also included for a method for manufacturing a disk.

Description

The The invention relates to a disc with heatable, optical transparent disc segment, a process for their preparation and their use.

Lots Vehicles, planes, helicopters and ships are with different ones equipped with optical sensors. Examples of optical Sensors are camera systems such as video cameras, night vision cameras, Residual amplifiers or passive infrared detectors such as FLIR (Forward Looking Infrared). The camera systems can do this Light in the ultraviolet (UV), visible (VIS) and infrared wavelengths (IR) use. This can be used even in bad weather conditions like darkness and fog, objects, vehicles as well Recognize people precisely. Also in the automotive sector can these camera systems in motor vehicles behind the windshield be placed in the passenger compartment. The camera systems also offer in road traffic the possibility of dangerous situations and To recognize obstacles in time.

Further Applications for optical sensors are in the electronic Distance measurement (EDM), for example with the help of laser rangefinders. Here, for example, the distance to other vehicles be determined. Such systems are in the military Scope widely used, but also in the civilian area There are many possible applications. By distance measurements to the vehicle in front can be the necessary Determine safety distance and thus the traffic safety clearly increase. In automatic warning systems decreases thus the danger of a collision clearly.

by virtue of their sensitivity to weathering or wind must such sensors but in all Cases protected by appropriate discs become. The sensor can either be inside a vehicle be attached or outside such as in thermal imaging cameras of helicopters. Here, the sensor is in a swiveling Housing attached to the outside of the helicopter. To one to ensure optimum function of the optical sensors are clean and fog-free windows for both options mandatory. Especially hinder fogging and icing the operation clearly, as it transmits the electromagnetic Reduce radiation significantly. While for water drops and dirt particles wiper systems can be used, As a rule, they are not sufficient for icing. Here are systems necessary, the sensor segment associated with the disk segment as needed at least for a short time heating up and thus an uninterrupted Enable use. To the energy consumption and the needed To keep voltage low, only that should be for the sensor required field of view of the disc to be heated. Since it is about optical sensors, can visible heating wires as known in the prior art, for example in rear windows are interfering with proper operation.

The DE 10 2007 001 080 A1 discloses an electrically heated window writing. This is powered by electric buses and thus heated. The arrangement of the conductors is carried out so that develop only small electromagnetic fields. Thus, an operation of devices that are sensitive to such waves, even in the area of the disc possible. Due to the laying of printed conductors, however, this arrangement is not suitable for optical sensors.

The US 5,182,431 discloses an electrically heatable window pane wherein the electrical conductor tracks are arranged in different heating zones. This allows a different rapid heating of the disc.

The DE 103 52 464 A1 discloses a heatable composite disk of approximately trapezoidal outline. In this case, different areas of the pane can be selectively controlled and heated via active and passive heating wires.

The Invention has the task of the sensor used by the disk area Ice and fog free to keep. At the same time, the functioning of the Sensors through the heater compared to the unheated disk are not or only slightly limited.

The Object of the present invention is achieved by a disc with heated disc segment according to the independent Claims 1, 15, 16 and 17 solved. preferred Embodiments are apparent from the dependent claims.

The heatable optically transparent disc segment of the invention Disc includes an upper disc, a heated, optically transparent, Intermediate layer and a lower disc. The feature "optical Transparent "refers to in the context of this invention the wavelength range from 200 nm to 2000 nm, preferred 400 nm to 1300 nm. The average transmission is preferred more than 50%, more preferably more than 75%.

The heatable optically transparent intermediate layer comprises at least one upper adhesive film, a heating element, an electrically conductive connection to the heating element and a lower adhesive film lie. The electrically conductive connection can be wound, for example, as a wire around the heating element, or in the case of an electrically conductive coating of the heating element at least two points can be connected thereto. The electrically conductive connection connects the heating element to a voltage source.

The Disc segment is in the erfindungemäße disc used. The disc comprises single-layer or multi-layer disc material. Examples include single-pane or double-pane laminated safety glass. The disk segment preferably has the same thickness as the disk in which it is used. For fixing the disk segment in the pane can transparent polymers such as PVB (polyvinyl butyral) or EVA (ethylene vinyl acetate), or optically transparent adhesives be used.

The heatable, optically transparent, intermediate layer is preferred embedded in an adhesive film. This allows the heatable Prepare intermediate layer and simply place in the cut-out adhesive film inserting.

The Heating element preferably comprises an optically transparent polymer with an electrically conductive contact. The electric conductive contact can be made of a conductive Coating or consist of electrical conductors. Both are preferably optically in the corresponding wavelength range transparent or so thin that they have the optical transparency do not restrict. The actual heating effect takes place by the electrical resistance of the optically transparent polymer and the electrically conductive contact.

The electrically conductive coating preferably comprises fluorine-doped tin dioxide (F: SnO ₂ ), tin-doped indium oxide (ITO), silver, copper, tin, gold, aluminum, iron, tungsten, chromium or alloys thereof and / or a conductive organic polymer. Examples of conductive organic polymers are polyacetylene, polyaniline, polyparaphenylene, polypyrrole, polythiophene and corresponding block and copolymers.

The electrically conductive interconnects preferably comprise fluorine-doped tin dioxide (F: SnO ₂ ), tin-doped indium oxide (ITO), silver, copper, tin, gold, aluminum, iron, tungsten, chromium or the corresponding alloys.

The optically transparent polymer preferably comprises PBT (polybutylene terephthalate), PC (polycarbonate), PET (polyethylene terephthalate), EVA (ethyl vinyl acetate), PVB (polyvinyl butyral) and / or block polymers or copolymers thereof.

The Heating element preferably has an electrical resistance of 1 Ω / ☐ to 50 Ω / □, preferably from 8 Ω / □ to 40 Ω / □, more preferably from 20 Ω / □ to 30 Ω / □ on.

The electrically conductive compound preferably contains a conductor of fluorine-doped tin dioxide (F: SnO ₂ ), tin-doped indium oxide (ITO), silver, copper, tin, gold, aluminum, iron, tungsten, chromium or alloys thereof and / or an electrically conductive Duct tape. Conductive tapes may include polymeric films and / or tapes that are either themselves electrically conductive or appropriately conductively coated.

The electrically conductive adhesive tape preferably comprises a conductive organic polymer such as polyacetylene, polyaniline, polyparaphenylene, Polypyrrole, polythiophene and block and copolymers thereof.

The upper disc and / or lower disc preferably comprise one of the following materials: glass and / or polymer, particularly preferred Flat glass and / or polymethylmethacrylate.

The disk segment preferably contains a soil-repellent coating, more preferably a hydrophobic coating. This increases the contact angle of polar liquids such as water on the surface of the discs and thus reduces the wetting of the surface. The liquid drains faster and cleans the surface. Corresponding coatings may contain hydrophobic silanes, such as alkylalcohol or alkylchlorosilanes, for example octyltrimethoxysilane. In addition, TiO ₂ particles can be applied to the surface. These decompose catalytically under organic sunlight organic dirt particles on the disk surface. Examples of such coatings are also disclosed in the patent applications EP 0 850 204 A1 and EP 0 927 144 A1 disclosed. The coatings are preferably applied to the upper disk and / or lower disk of the disk segment.

The disk segment preferably has an area of 4 cm ² to 10000 cm ² , more preferably 50 cm ² to 1000 cm ² , particularly preferably 100 cm ² to 500 cm ² . The area depends essentially on the beam path emanating from the sensor, in particular the size of the pane area, which must be permeable to the corresponding electromagnetic radiation.

The Disc segment preferably has a circular, elliptical, rectangular or trapezoidal shape. The form aligns It is particularly preferred according to the form of the above-described Beam path of the sensor.

The The invention further includes a method of manufacture a disk segment according to the invention. In one The first step is the electrical connection, for example thin wire, attached to the heating element. The heating element with electrically conductive connection is then between two adhesive sheets and an upper disc and lower disc laminated. The lamination takes place preferably in an autoclave. Typical temperature ranges are thereby 100 ° C to 150 ° C, typical pressures from 6 bar to 12 bar. The lamination typically lasts from 65 min to 180 min.

The Production of a disc according to the invention can also include the following steps. First, the adhesive films and the heating element connected to the heated intermediate layer. Subsequently is the heatable intermediate layer, in particular the contained therein Heating element, connected to an electrically conductive connection. The electrical connection, for example, over two thin Wires or an electrically conductive polymer film respectively. This generated module can then in a before cut-out adhesive film can be used. The adhesive film will connected to an upper disc and lower disc and in an autoclave at 65 ° C to 180 ° C and 6 bar to 12 bar for Laminated for 65 minutes to 180 minutes.

The The invention further encompasses the use of the invention Washer in conjunction with an optical sensor in vehicles, airplanes, helicopters and ships. In this case, the optical sensor behind the inventive Disc segment of the disc arranged. This can be the relevant for the sensor area of the disc Heat ice and keep fog free. The entire pane dimensions and a possible sheathing of the disc and the sensor depend on the respective field of application. Possible is an external attachment or an internal arrangement in the vehicle interior. Depending on the sensor used is the disk segment optically transparent in the wavelength range used by the sensor. The transmission of the disk segment is preferred more than 50%, more preferably more than 75% in the wavelength range of the optical sensor. This refers especially to light in the visible and infrared wavelength range.

The disc ( 8th ) is preferably used as a windshield of a vehicle, particularly preferably a passenger car or truck.

In the following, the invention is based on the 1 to 6 explained. The figures are purely schematic representations and are not to scale. They limit the invention in any way.

The The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings. Show it:

1 a schematic cross section of the disk segment according to the invention ( 7 )

2 a schematic cross section of the heating element ( 5 )

3 a schematic cross section of a preferred embodiment of the disk segment ( 7 )

4 a flow diagram of the process according to the invention for the production of the disk segment ( 7 )

5 1 is a flow chart of a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention for producing the disk segment ( 7 )

6 a schematic view of the disc according to the invention ( 8th ).

1 shows a schematic cross section of the disk segment according to the invention ( 7 ).

Between two glass panes ( 1 ) and ( 2 ) is the heatable, optically transparent intermediate layer ( 3 ). This consists of one between two adhesive films ( 4a . 4b ) arranged heating element ( 5 ) together. So that a power supply of the heating element ( 5 ), this is via an electrically conductive connection ( 6 ) connected to a power source. Depending on the optical sensor used, the above-mentioned components should be transparent in the relevant range, such as UV, VIS and / or IR. Transparency is particularly important for passive sensors.

2 shows a schematic cross section of a preferred embodiment of the heating element ( 5 ). In this case, the optically transparent polymer ( 5b ) of an optically transparent electrically conductive contact ( 5a ), for example, a conductive coating or a thin wire surrounded. Over two sections of the electrically conductive connection ( 6 ) the power is supplied by a voltage source ( 9 ) ensured. Both direct and alternating current can be used. The electrically conductive connection ( 6 ), the function of the electrically conductive Kotaktierung ( 5a ) take. The electrical connection ( 6 ) can be wound as a thin wire around the optically transparent polymer and so the electrically conductive contact ( 5a ) produce.

3 shows in a schematic structure a preferred embodiment of the disk segment. The transparent heating element ( 5 ) between two adhesive films ( 4a and 4b ) embedded as a module. This is again in an adhesive film ( 4 ), in which the corresponding recess has been cut. Adhesive films ( 4 ) and ( 4a . 4b ) contain the same or different materials, such as PVB and / or EVA. The electrically conductive connection ( 6 ) can along the glass surfaces ( 1 or 2 ) or in the film ( 4a . 4b and or 4 ) may be arranged in the form of a thin metallic conductor or as a conductive plastic.

4 1 shows a flow chart of the method according to the invention for producing the disk segment (FIG. 7 ). The process begins in step A) with a corresponding pre-treatment of the glass such as cutting, bending and the corresponding cleaning steps. The shape is dependent on the shape and geometry of the disc ( 8th ) into which the disk segment ( 7 ) should be used later. The glass sheets ( 1 ) and ( 2 ) later close the disk segment ( 7 ) outwards and inwards. Subsequently, the heating element ( 5 ) in step B) and in step C) with an electrical conductor ( 6 ) connected. This can be achieved, for example, by briefly heating the heating element ( 5 ) and connecting the fused, still warm heating element ( 5 ) with a thin metal wire or the electrically conductive adhesive tape (electrically conductive compound ( 6 )) respectively. Alternatively, an electrically conductive, transparent adhesive may be used. In the following process step D) the glass panes ( 1 ) 2 ) and the heating element ( 5 ) from step C) over the two adhesive films ( 4a ) and ( 4b ) connected. The combined disc segment arrangement is then laminated in autoclave E) at 65 ° C to 180 ° C and 6 bar to 12 bar for 65 min to 180 min.

5 shows the Fliesschema a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention. This begins as in 3 in step A) with a corresponding pre-treatment of the glasses such as cutting, bending and the corresponding cleaning steps. As in the previous example, the shape in this example is dependent on the shape and geometry of the disc ( 8th ) into which the disk segment ( 7 ) should be used later. The resulting, cleaned, cleaned glass sheets ( 1 ) and ( 2 ) later close the disk segment ( 7 ) to the outside. The heatable intermediate layer ( 3 ) is then in step B) by embedding the heating element ( 5 ) in the adhesive film ( 4a and 4b ) receive. This three-layer body is cut in step C) and provided with electrical connections D). This can be achieved, for example, by briefly heating the heating element and connecting the fused heating element ( 5 ) with a thin metal wire or the electrically conductive adhesive tape (electrically conductive compound ( 6 )) respectively. Alternatively, an electrically conductive, transparent adhesive may be used. The heatable intermediate layer ( 3 ) is in the following step E) in an adhesive film ( 4 ) embedded. This receives a Ausparrung according to the size of the heated intermediate layer ( 3 ) into which the heatable intermediate layer ( 3 ) is used. The described method enables the installation and integration of prefabricated heating elements in existing processes for the production of laminated glass panes.

The electrical connection ( 6 ) can then along the adhesive film ( 4 . 4a and or 4b ) by fine metallic wires or by a transparent electrically conductive plastic. The thus prepared adhesive film is placed between two panes prepared in step A) F) and laminated in autoclave G) at 65 ° C to 180 ° C and 6 bar to 12 bar for 65 min to 180 min.

6 shows a schematic view of the disc according to the invention ( 8th ). The arrangement and positioning of the disk segment ( 7 ) from the position of the sensor behind the disc ( 8th ) dependent.

1

upper disc

2

lower disc

3

heated, optically transparent, intermediate layer

4

adhesive film

4a

upper adhesive film

4b

lower adhesive film

5

heating element

5a

electrical conductive contact

5b

optical transparent polymer

6

electrical conductive connection

7

disk segment

8th

disc

9

voltage source

QUOTES INCLUDE IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list The documents listed by the applicant have been automated generated and is solely for better information recorded by the reader. The list is not part of the German Patent or utility model application. The DPMA takes over no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• - DE 102007001080 A1 [0005]
• US 5182431 [0006]
• - DE 10352464 A1 [0007]
• EP 0850204 A1 [0022]
• - EP 0927144 A1 [0022]

Claims (18)

Disc ( 8th ) with heatable optically transparent pane segment ( 7 ) comprising: a.) an upper disc ( 1 ), b.) a heatable, optically transparent, intermediate layer ( 3 ) comprising: b.1) an upper adhesive film ( 4a ), b.2) a heating element ( 5 ), b.3) an electrically conductive connection ( 6 ) to the heating element ( 5 ), b.4) and a lower adhesive film ( 4b ) and c.) a lower disc ( 2 ). Disc ( 8th ) according to claim 1, wherein the heatable, optically transparent, intermediate layer ( 3 ) in an adhesive film ( 4 ) is embedded. Disc ( 8th ) according to one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the heating element ( 5 ) an optically transparent polymer ( 5b ) and an electrically conductive contact ( 5a ). Disc ( 8th ) according to claim 3, wherein the electrically conductive contacting ( 5a ) comprises an electrically conductive coating and / or electrically conductive tracks. Disc ( 8th ) according to claim 4, wherein the electrically conductive coating fluorine doped tin dioxide (F: SnO ₂ ), tin doped indium oxide (ITO), silver, copper, tin, gold, aluminum, iron, tungsten, chromium or alloys thereof and / or a conductive includes organic polymer. Disc ( 8th ) according to claim 4, wherein the electrically conductive tracks include fluorine doped tin dioxide (F: SnO ₂ ), tin doped indium oxide (ITO), silver, copper, tin, gold, aluminum, iron, tungsten, chromium or alloys thereof. Disc ( 8th ) according to claim 3, wherein the optically transparent polymer ( 5b ) PBT, PC, PET, EVA, PVB and / or block polymers or copolymers thereof. Disc ( 8th ) according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the heating element ( 5 ) has an electrical resistance of from 1 Ω / □ to 50 Ω / □, preferably from 8 Ω / □ to 40 Ω / □, more preferably from 20 Ω / □ to 30 Ω / □. Disc ( 8th ) according to one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the electrical connection ( 6 ) contains a conductor of fluorine doped tin dioxide (F: SnO ₂ ), tin doped indium oxide (ITO), silver, copper, tin, gold, aluminum, iron, tungsten, chromium or alloys thereof and / or an electrically conductive adhesive tape. Disc ( 8th ) according to claim 9, wherein the electrically conductive adhesive tape comprises a conductive organic polymer. Disc ( 8th ) according to one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the upper disc ( 1 ) and / or lower disc ( 2 ) comprises one of the materials glass and / or polymer, preferably flat glass and / or polymethyl methacrylate. Disc ( 8th ) according to one of claims 1 to 11, wherein the disk segment ( 7 ) is coated hydrophobic and / or dirt-repellent. Disc ( 8th ) according to one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the disk segment ( 7 ) has an area of 4 cm ² to 10000 cm ² , preferably 50 cm ² to 1000 cm ² , particularly preferably of 100 cm ² to 500 cm ² . Disc ( 8th ) according to one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the disk segment ( 7 ) has a circular, elliptical, rectangular, or trapezoidal shape. Method for producing a pane ( 8th ) according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 14, comprising the following steps: a.) Attaching an electrical connection ( 6 ) on a heating element ( 5 ), b.) Connecting upper disc ( 1 ), lower disc ( 2 ), Adhesive film ( 4a ), Adhesive film ( 4b ), of the heating element ( 5 ) and the electrically conductive connection ( 6 ), c.) lamination of the bonded parts in the autoclave. Method for producing a pane ( 8th ) according to one of the preceding claims 1 to 14, comprising the following steps: a.) Bonding of adhesive films ( 4a . 4b ), Heating element ( 5 ) to the heated intermediate layer ( 3 ), b.) Attaching an electrical connection ( 6 ) on the heating element ( 5 ) in the heatable intermediate layer ( 3 ), c.) Cutting an adhesive film ( 4 ) and inserting the heatable intermediate layer ( 3 ), d.) connecting an upper disc ( 1 ), lower disc ( 2 ), the adhesive film ( 4 ) and inserted heatable intermediate layer ( 3 ) and e.) Laminating the connected parts in an autoclave. Using the disc ( 8th ) according to one of claims 1 to 14 in connection with an optical sensor in vehicles, aircraft, helicopters and ships. Using the disc ( 8th ) according to claim 17 as a windshield of a vehicle.