DE102009010856B4 - Frying device with ceramic element - Google Patents

Abstract

Frittiereinrichtung with a container (2), in the receiving area frit (6), in particular fat and / or oil, is receivable characterized by at least one in the receiving area of the container (2) arranged ceramic element (10, 12-12 '').

Description

The The invention relates to a frying device and a method for frying; In particular, the invention relates to a frying device, which is positive for the quality or durability of the frying effect.

In EP 0 631 998 A1 a functional ceramic with a variety of biological activities is proposed. Specifically, the document describes a ceramic obtained by calcining a composition of raw ceramic materials and a plurality of microorganisms and / or a culture thereof. Furthermore, exemplary application examples are explained.

When oven the EP 1 376 016 A2 is provided within the furnace chamber, a heating element with catalyst properties. For this purpose, the electrical heating element is coated with a catalyst, for example with platinum or palladium. The heating element may be a tape, a wire, a foil or in lamp form.

Further It is known that when frying by high heat harmful Acrylamide is formed. Especially acrylamide is produced when potato or cereal foods can be heated dry over 180 ° C. The acrylamide formation However, it starts already at 120 ° C, but rises suddenly at 170-180 ° C at. Acrylamide is classified as toxic, irritant and carcinogenic.

It The object of the invention is a frying device and a frying method which, when used, have a positive effect on quality and / or Durability of the frying impact.

The The object is achieved with the features of claims 1, 27 and 29, respectively. advantageous Embodiments are the subject of dependent claims.

According to claim 1, a fryer is provided with a container. The fryer has in this case a container with a receiving area and at least one in the receiving area of the container arranged ceramic element. A frying is here in the receiving area received.

deep-fry is a roasting related cooking method and includes all kinds of cooking with the aid of fats and / or oils. Especially The term frying also includes baking out in or with Fats and / or oils as well as the process by which food is floating in hot fat / oil to be baked. Consequently, a fryer in the sense the application as a device for frying but also for Baking of food to understand.

The Deep-frying device according to claim 1 is hereby used for cooking or frying of food, in particular for food like french fries, vegetables, biscuits or potato chips, but also for Meat or fish.

As already suggests, the fryer has a container for Picking up fritture on. As a fry gets the hot oil or fat in a fryer, the frying or Baking of food is used. To be particularly advantageous here (boiling) hot oils and fats of all kinds, as well as mixtures of fats and / or oils proven, in particular Fats with a high smoke point, eg. As vegetable oil, lard or clarified butter.

The at least one ceramic element arranged in the receiving region of the container can be formed as a single element; alternatively, the ceramic element also composed of a variety of ceramic components or be composable.

Thereby, that the ceramic element in the receiving area of the frying device is arranged, the ceramic element with the frit in contact and achieves the desired Effect. A particularly good effect is achieved when the ceramic element one possible size surface or big Surface-volume ratio has.

Further the fryer can also have a multiplicity of containers, Frittüre in their reception area each separately by a separate heating element, such as a Heating spiral, is heated. Alternatively, a single container or several containers but also be heated by a single heating element.

In a first advantageous embodiment, the fritting device is a fryer. Fryers are special household electrical appliances for frying or baking food in hot oils and / or fats. Furthermore fryers are also used in the catering and / or industry. Fryers are here with a heater, z. As a heating coil, equipped, which heats the frying included in the receiving area of the container to a predetermined temperature.

Of the container the frying device is advantageously as a pot, tub and / or Pan formed. The material of the container can be different Be nature; For example, containers made of stainless steel are known. Because the Frittüre in the fryer is heated to several 100 ° C, are especially to choose materials which can also be used at these temperatures. Further are pots, Tubs and / or pans advantageous, whose recording by a special coating speeds up the heating of the frying or improved. Also surface coatings, alternatively or additionally one easy cleaning of the container enable, are beneficial.

Naturally different frying equipment in the industry of frying equipment or fryers for the private household or for the gastronomy. While Fryers in the household and in the catering industry work in batch mode - that is, to be filled first, then cooked food is baked and finally taken the finished food will - work industrial fryers or fryers often continuous, d. H. the crude product is constantly and the end product is constantly changing executed.

The Deep-frying device according to claim In particular, 1 also includes fryers or fryers for the Industry. Advantageous embodiments have at least for this purpose a conveyor on. The food to be cooked, for example food such as potatoes or French fries, is through the at least one conveyor through the frying feasible or is through the frying guided. Furthermore, the food to be cooked by the at least one conveying device also from the fritture ausbringbar or is taken as a finished food from the frying. This leads or transports the conveyor the food and then bring it out of the frying. alternative are at least two conveyors usable; a first conveyor leads or transports the food and a second Födereinrichtung serves for spreading of the finished product.

Ceramic elements made of functional ceramic have proved to be advantageous. Particularly good results have been achieved with functional ceramics, which has a variety of biological activities. Ceramics of this type are known and are used for example in EP 0 631 998 A1 described.

advantageous Embodiments here have functional ceramics that at least a substance from the group biocidal substances, fungicidal substances, Activated carbon or carbon. Alternatively, the functional ones Ceramics also from a mixture of the substances of this group. Among biocidal substances are in particular active ingredients and To understand preparations containing one or more active substances, which are intended to be harmful organisms by chemical or biological means to destroy, deter, harmless to do damage to prevent them or to fight them in another way. The same applies to fungicidal substances. A fungicide is a chemical or biological agent that kills fungi or their spores or their growth for the Time of its effectiveness prevented.

alternative or additionally is the at least one ceramic element as a catalytically active Ceramic element formed.

The catalytically active ceramic element has at least on the surface Variety of catalytically active elements and / or a catalytic effective surface coating on. A variety of catalytically active elements are, for example a catalytically active substance such as palladium and / or platinum, in the form of a plurality of clusters or the like in one Embedded matrix. For example, the clusters are in one Ceramic matrix embedded.

Advantageous the base material of the at least one ceramic element comprises aluminum oxide, Silica, ceria, carbon nitride, boron nitride and / or silicon nitride on. Alternatively, the ceramic element is at least two basic materials This group can be trained or trained.

In Embodiment has the catalytic and / or biocidal and / or fungicidal action Ceramic elements or the ceramic elements at least one precious metal in particular from the group of platinum, palladium, silver, gold, Iridium, rhodium, an alloy or a mixture of elements this group.

All fryers are particularly advantageous, at least a ceramic element formed of specially refined, bright clay is, in particular from alumina, the fermented with EM-X ceramic water is offset and burned twice. EM-X ceramic consists of Clay, in the Effective Microorganisms (EM) under exclusion of air (anaerobic) have been burned. This leaves the versatile properties and information from EM maintained and are available or will be passed on.

at a further advantageous embodiment, the at least one Ceramic element formed as a doped ceramic element, wherein in particular ions and / or ion clusters are incorporated. The doping is a substance from the group platinum, palladium, silver, gold, Iridium, rhodium, an alloy or a mixture of elements the group.

by virtue of direct contact between the at least one ceramic element and the frying and / or the food to be cooked, the at least one ceramic element is advantageous exclusively from for the People not harmful to health Formed substances. In particular, the substances of the ceramic element harmless in the field of food production.

As described is the at least one ceramic element in different Variants or forms with different substances. in this connection can be a single ceramic element by combining the different Additional substances one possible have broad effect. Alternatively, this is at least one ceramic element formed from a plurality of individual ceramic components or more ceramic elements are used. The individual ceramic components or the plurality of ceramic elements each have only a single Effect, so that only by combining the individual components a ceramic element with the desired Effect arises or the effect is intensified.

The Shape of the at least one ceramic element is in particular to the Shape of the frying device customizable. As a particularly advantageous Ceramic elements have been found between a heating element / heating coil a fryer or fryer and the bottom portion of the Slideable receptacle are. Also the spatial Size and / or the volume or the surface of the ceramic element are dependent freely selectable from the design of the frying device.

Further is the at least one ceramic element of a plurality of individual components formable. The variety of individual components are here by a carrier or a frame connected or connectable.

The at least one ceramic element or the plurality of ceramic elements is, for example, as a ring, tube, tube, cylinder, cube, rectangle, Grid, sphere, granules, powder and / or a combination of these Molds formed or arranged. In this case, either the ceramic element even the listed ones Molds on and / or the plurality of ceramic elements together arranged so that they have the respective shapes.

alternative or additionally is the at least one ceramic element or a plurality of ceramic elements at least partially wire-shaped, ribbon-like, reticulate, a grid, plate-shaped or flat trained or arranged.

Further advantageous embodiments of at least one ceramic element or a plurality of ceramic elements are spiral, zigzag or meander-shaped or arranged. Again, you can the described forms either on a single ceramic element be directed or on a variety of ceramic elements, by a carrier or frames are at least partially connected to each other.

at an embodiment, the at least one ceramic element with the Receiving area of the container connected, in particular, the ceramic element as an element for permanent installation educated. The connection between ceramic element and container is in this case, for example, by a screw and / or plug connection formable.

alternative Embodiments of the fryer also have a basket for receiving food. In such an embodiment is the ceramic element with the basket, especially with the bottom area the basket connected or is connectable to the basket. Especially An attachment of the at least one ceramic element is advantageous proven in which the ceramic element at any time or at least for the most part with the fitture is in contact.

at a further alternative embodiment of the frying device the at least one ceramic element is at least partially as a coating the receiving area of the container educated. The coating can in this case, for example, to individual Areas of the receiving area, in particular on the floor area of the recording area be.

When However, ceramic elements have proven to be particularly advantageous which are arranged loosely in the receiving area of the container, d. H. The ceramic elements are only placed in the fitture, without the fryer or the container to be firmly connected. In this case, ceramic elements are advantageous which are loosely inserted into the receiving area of the container. Such Ceramic elements are easy to remove and can thus be cleaned and replaced better and easier.

As already described, the ceramic element can also be used as a powder or Granules be formed. In these cases, the ceramic element is with the frying mixable or mixable. The small size of the ceramic elements conditioned a very big one surface the ceramic elements compared to a single ceramic element same amount or mass. Due to the extra large surface is in particular achieves an improved effect of the ceramic element.

When particularly advantageous embodiment of the ceramic element proves a variety of as a tube formed ceramic elements / ceramic components. The individual ceramic elements or ceramic components are in this case by a carrier with each other connected or connectable. Such an embodiment has the advantage that by the multiplicity of the ceramic elements and the shape of the individual Ceramic elements a particularly large surface is achieved, thereby an improved effect is achievable. At the same time is through the carrier a simpler handling of the plurality of ceramic elements possible.

at the particularly advantageous embodiment of the carrier as closed frame, for example as rings, trained or formable. The as a tube trained ceramic elements are threadable on the frame.

The Ring shape of the carrier has particular advantages in the cleaning of the ceramic element on. Due to the curved shape of the carrier is namely prevented that the side walls next to each other threaded tube completely lie together. Because of the spaces between the multitude of tube Cleaning the interior of the tubes is also easier reachable. It has been shown that this described form of Ceramic element is particularly well cleaned in a dishwasher.

Of the carrier and / or the frame for bonding a plurality of ceramic elements or components is provided, for example, made of stainless steel, in particular made of stainless steel. Alternative embodiments see wires or bars as compounds before.

According to claim 27 is a method for frying and / or baking of food intended. For one explanation the individual terms are referred to the above description.

The Method has the following steps. In a first step will be a fry, especially oil and / or fat, heated to a first temperature. Heating the Frittüre takes place together with a arranged in the frying ceramic element. In particular, for heating the fitture is already described Embodiment of the frying device according to the invention usable.

In a further step, the food is fried in the heated frying or baked. Here, the fryer is first with Gargut, so for example, food, filled and then baked. The finished deep-fried or baked food is finally removed.

When Particularly advantageous embodiment, a method has been found where the first temperature is lower / lower than one second temperature. The second temperature is the temperature, for frying or baking the food without using a Ceramic element is / would be used. The frying of chips, for example, needs in one Deep-frying device according to the state the technology at about 160 ° C about 3 minutes. Experiments have now shown that the frying device according to the invention same results achieved when at the same frying the to be heated oil and / or fat only at 140 ° C was heated.

By a reduction in temperature reduces acrylamide formation. At the same time the lower temperature to save energy.

at In an alternative method, the frying is at the same temperature heated, as in a fryer without ceramic element. All other things being equal, by using an im Receiving area arranged ceramic element a shorter cooking time been achieved.

The described frying and the different configurations are preferably used for deep-frying and / or baking of food.

Effect of the invention

fats are not water soluble and feel Greasy on. They are not durable and will last forever decomposed under the influence of bacteria and humidity. Dry Investigations have shown that the claimed frying device the formation of free acids However, prevent or reduce. Free acids and their derivatives acid number serves as a measure of purity and the freshness of the frying. The frying is thus longer usable by the use of the frying device according to the invention or durable than comparable fryers according to the state of the technique. Also, the fry stays stable longer. Due to the extended durability the frying Consumption can be reduced by up to 50%.

Table 1 and 2 show the results of the chemical investigations for two different experiments. Acid number without ceramic element Acid number with ceramic element Trial A 0.6 0.4 Trial B 2.2 0.6 Table 1: Effect of the ceramic element on the acid number

As can be seen from Table 1, the acid number and thus also the free acids present have in some cases been significantly reduced by the use of the ceramic element. Peroxide value without ceramic element Peroxide number with ceramic element Trial A 4.5 4 Trial B 22 21 Table 2: Effect of the ceramic element on the peroxide value

The Peroxide number also provides information about the freshness of a Fettes. Table 2 also shows here a reduction in the frying device according to the invention.

Furthermore can by the frying with ceramic elements the emergence of toxic substances, especially acrylamide, reduced or be prevented.

Further arises when overheating vegetable and / or animal fats, for example when frying or Baking of food, acrolein. This process will be particular significantly facilitated by the presence of water and acids. In the process, the fat (triglyceride) first becomes its constituents Glycerol and fatty acids decomposed (saponification). The glycerol then becomes acrolein (Acrylaldehyde) dehydrated. Give the released fatty acids the fat a rancid taste.

acrolein is a yellowish, flammable liquid, which is highly toxic and carcinogenic and strongly irritates eyes and mucous membranes. Acrolein is produced especially when overheating fats. Out For this reason, fat in a pan should not be heated above 150 ° C.

investigations have shown, however, that fryers with ceramic elements partially reduce the formation of acrolein significantly and thus the toxic substances when frying or baking Food can be reduced.

Also the otherwise unpleasant smell when frying food could by using a frying device with ceramic element be reduced. An odor reduction could be both be determined with cold as well as with boiling hot fats.

Further has fried, which is heated together with the ceramic element, less bubbles and foams up not as strong as fat in a fryer according to the state the technique is heated.

Based Figures become embodiments closer to the invention explained. Show it:

1A a frying device with a ceramic element according to a first embodiment;

1B a frying device with a ceramic element according to a second embodiment; and

2A . 2 B and 2C Ceramic elements in various embodiments.

In the 1A . 1B and 2A - 2C Elements shown are not to scale and the relationships of the elements to each other are only illustrative.

The Use of the same reference numerals in different figures indicates equal, equivalent or similar elements. To avoid of repetitions and to get a clear description The following is a repeated description of these elements waived.

1A shows a first embodiment of a frying device 1 with a ceramic element 10 , The frying device has in particular a container 2 on, in its receiving area frying 6 is. Furthermore, the fryer has a basket 4 on, which is used for filling or removing the food.

In the receiving area of the container 2 is also a ceramic element 10 arranged, which is thus directly in contact with the frying.

The frying device 1 according to the first embodiment has no independent heating device. Instead, the container becomes 2 by an external heater 8th , For example, a stove, heated. The external heater 8th is particularly suitable, the fitture 6 in the container 2 to heat to at least 200 ° Celsius.

The ceramic element 10 is in the bottom area of the container 2 arranged and is from the frying 6 surround. Through the contact of the frying 6 with the ceramic element 10 the desired effect is achieved.

1B shows an alternative second embodiment of a frying device 1' , The frying device 1' The second embodiment differs from the first embodiment by a heating coil 8th' , Through the heating spiral 8th' is the fry 6 in the receiving area of the container 2 heated to a desired temperature.

In this embodiment, the ceramic element is 10 between the heating spiral 8th' and the bottom portion of the container 2 placed. This position has the advantage that the ceramic element 10 does not interfere with the frying process.

The 2A . 2 B and 2C show ceramic elements 12 . 12 ' and 12 '' in different embodiments.

As in 2A is shown, the ceramic element 12 a carrier 16 on, which is made of stainless steel. The carrier 16 points in the 2A illustrated embodiment, a substantially U-shaped structure. A plurality of ceramic components formed as tubes are threaded onto the carrier. This is the carrier 16 through the longitudinal bores of the ceramic components 14 guided. A graduation plate 18 , both ends of the U-shaped carrier 16 connects, prevents slipping out of the ceramic components 14 ,

2 B shows another ceramic element 12 ' , Again, the ceramic element 12 ' a plurality of ceramic components formed as tubes 14 on top of that by a carrier 16 ' are connected. Similar to in 2A is the carrier 16 ' made of stainless steel and is through the longitudinal bores of the ceramic components 14 guided.

The substantially annular structure of the carrier 16 ' has a special advantage. Due to the ring-shaped structure of the carrier 16 ' It prevents the side walls of adjacent ceramic components 14 can lie together. This is achieved by using the sidewalls of the ceramic components 14 are arranged at an angle to each other due to the support structure. Thus, it is ensured at all times that between two adjacent ceramic components 14 there is a gap. This space facilitates the cleaning of the ceramic elements and at the same time leads to a larger surface area. The annular structure of the carrier 16 ' Therefore, not only improves the operation of the ceramic element, but also facilitates the cleaning of the ceramic element 12 ' ,

As in 2C can be seen is a ceramic element 12 '' Alternatively, also be designed as a grid-shaped structure. Here, for example, a grid is used as a carrier. On the grid a ceramic coating is applied.

1, 1'

frier

2

container

4

basket

6

Frittüre

8th, 8th'

heater or heating coil

10

ceramic element

12 12 ', 12' '

ceramic element

14

components

16 16 '

carrier

18

End plate

Claims (29)

Frying device with a container ( 2 ), in whose receiving area frying ( 6 ), in particular fat and / or oil, is characterized by at least one in the receiving area of the container ( 2 ) arranged ceramic element ( 10 . 12 - 12 '' ). Frittiereinrichtung according to claim 1, wherein the fritting device ( 1 ) is a fryer. Fryer according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the container ( 2 ) is designed as a pot, pan and / or pan. Deep-frying device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the frying device ( 1 ) further comprises at least one conveyor. Frittiereinrichtung according to claim 4, wherein at least one food to be cooked by the at least one conveyor through the Frittüre ( 6 ) is feasible and / or at least one food to be cooked by the at least one conveyor from the Frittüre ( 6 ) is ausbringbar. Deep-frying device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one ceramic element ( 10 . 12 - 12 '' ) is formed of functional ceramic. Deep-frying device according to claim 6, wherein the functional Ceramic at least one substance from the group biocidal-acting Substances, fungicidal substances, activated carbon, carbon or a mixture of the substances of this group. Deep-frying device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one ceramic element ( 10 . 12 - 12 '' ) has a catalytically active ceramic element. Deep-frying device according to claim 8, wherein the catalytically acting ceramic element at least on the surface of a variety of catalytic effective elements and / or a catalytically active surface coating having. Deep-frying device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the base material of the at least one ceramic element ( 10 . 12 - 12 '' ) from the group alumina, silica, ceria, carbon nitride, borni trid and / or silicon nitride or is at least two basic substances of this group. Frying device according to one of claims 6-10, wherein the at least one catalytically and / or biocidal and / or fungicidal acting Ceramic element has at least one noble metal, in particular from the group platinum, palladium, silver, gold, iridium, rhodium, one Alloy or a mixture of elements of the group. Deep-frying device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one ceramic element ( 10 . 12 - 12 '' ) is formed of alumina, in particular made of EM-X-ceramic fermented water mixed with alumina. Deep-frying device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one ceramic element ( 10 . 12 - 12 '' ) is formed as a doped ceramic element, wherein in particular ions and / or ion clusters are incorporated, wherein in particular the doping of one or more substances of claim 11 is. Deep-frying device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one ceramic element ( 10 . 12 - 12 '' ) is formed exclusively of substances which are not harmful to human health, in particular substances which are harmless in the field of food production. Deep-frying device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one ceramic element ( 10 . 12 - 12 '' ) from a plurality of individual components ( 14 ) formed by a support ( 16 . 16 ' ) are connected. Deep-frying device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one ceramic element ( 10 . 12 - 12 '' ) or a plurality of ceramic elements as a ring, tube, tube, cylinder, cube, rectangle, grid, ball, granules, powder and / or a combination of these forms is formed or arranged. Deep-frying device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one ceramic element ( 10 . 12 - 12 '' ) or a plurality of ceramic elements is at least partially wire-shaped, band-shaped, reticulated, grid-shaped, plate-shaped or flat formed or arranged. Deep-frying device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one ceramic element ( 10 . 12 - 12 '' ) or a plurality of ceramic elements is formed or arranged spirally, zigzag or meandering. Deep-frying device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one ceramic element ( 10 . 12 - 12 '' ) fixed to the receiving area of the container ( 2 ), in particular as an element for permanent installation is formed. Deep-frying device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the frying device ( 1 ) at least one basket ( 4 ) and the at least one ceramic element ( 10 . 12 - 12 '' ) with the at least one basket ( 4 ) is connected or connectable. Deep-frying device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one ceramic element ( 10 . 12 - 12 '' ) at least partially as a coating of the receiving area of the container ( 2 ) is trained. Deep-frying device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one ceramic element ( 10 . 12 - 12 '' ) loosely in the receiving area of the container ( 2 ) is arranged, in particular loose in the receiving area of the container ( 2 ) can be inserted. Deep-frying device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one ceramic element ( 10 . 12 - 12 '' ) with the frying ( 6 ) is miscible. Frying device according to one of the preceding claims, wherein a plurality of ceramic elements formed as a tube ( 10 . 12 - 12 '' ) by a carrier ( 16 . 16 ' ) are connectable or connected. Fryer according to claim 24, wherein the carrier ( 16 . 16 '' ) is formed in particular as a closed frame and designed as a tube ceramic elements ( 10 . 12 - 12 '' ) are threadable or threaded on the frame. Fryer according to claim 24 or 25, wherein the carrier ( 16 . 16 ' ) and / or frame made of stainless steel, in particular made of stainless steel. Method for deep-frying and / or baking food, the method comprising the steps of: heating a frying-out ( 6 ), in particular oil and / or fat, to a first temperature with a frying device ( 1 ) with one in the frying ( 6 ) arranged ceramic element ( 10 . 12 - 12 '' ), in particular a frying equipment ( 1 ) according to one of the preceding claims; and deep frying or baking of food in the heated frying ( 6 ). The method of claim 27, wherein the first temperature is lower than a temperature that can be achieved without using a ceramic element. 10 . 12 - 12 '' ) is used. Use of the frying device ( 1 ) according to one of claims 1-26 for frying and / or baking of food.