DE102014005240A1 - Method for operating a production and sales facility for retail goods - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for operating a production and sales device for retail goods, wherein the device comprises electrical consumers (1, 2) which are supplied with electricity via an electricity supply (3), wherein for the control of the electrical consumers (1 , 2) with electricity, a control device (4) is present, which can influence the electrical power supply to the electrical loads (1, 2). In order to minimize the connected load of the device, the invention provides that the following steps are performed by the control device (4): a) operating the loads (1, 2) according to their rated electrical power (PNn); b) detecting the sum of the power taken by the electrical loads (1, 2) (PIst); c) comparing the detected electric power (PIst) with a predetermined limit value (P-limit); d) in the event that the sum of the power drawn (PIst) reaches the predetermined limit (margin): carrying out a test for the electrical loads (1, 2), if and to what extent at the present time (d, h) a Reduction of electrical power consumption (ΔP) is possible; e) depending on the result of the test performed in step d): Reduction of the electrical power consumption for the electrical consumers (1, 2), for which a current reduction in power consumption is possible.

Description

The invention relates to a method for operating a production and sales device for retail goods, wherein the production and sales device comprises a number of electrical consumers, which are supplied with electricity via an electricity supply, wherein for the control of at least a part of the electrical consumers with electricity a control device is provided which can influence the electric power supply to the electrical consumers.

Such a production and sales facility - for example, a bakery or a butcher, which is realized as a unit in a larger sales facility - needed to operate the required machinery and electrical equipment. This is provided by an electricity supply. The costs incurred by the operator of the production and sales facility are, on the one hand, basic charges for providing the electrical energy and, on the other hand, consumption-related costs for the energy taken from the power grid.

The basic fee is based on the extracted peak power for which the power grid must be designed or set up. Thus, costs can be saved if the operator of the production and sales facility can work with lower connection values in this regard. The right one, d. H. Not too high a choice of the peak connection value is made more difficult by the fact that over the course of a day or the days of a week can vary greatly. Accordingly, a correspondingly high connection value must be used in order to be on the safe side; However, this causes correspondingly high costs.

The invention has the object of providing a generic method for operating a production and sales facility for retail goods, especially in the case of a bakery or back-office, so educate that it is possible to minimize the maximum electrical connection value of the device, including a corresponding Operation of the device is sought. Accordingly, the cost of providing electrical energy should be minimized. So it should be the power consumption of the device, especially a bakery to be minimized to the power grid, d. H. the goal is to achieve the most uniform and homogeneous power consumption possible from the power grid over time.

• a) Betreiben zumindest eines Teils der elektrischen Verbraucher gemäß deren elektrischen Nennleistung;
• b) Erfassen der Summe der von den elektrischen Verbrauchern aus der Elektrizitätsversorgung entnommenen elektrischen Leistung;
• c) Vergleichen der erfassten elektrischen Leistung mit einem vorgegebenen Grenzwert für die elektrische Leistung;
• d) für den Fall, dass die Summe der entnommenen elektrischen Leistung den vorgegebenen Grenzwert erreicht: Durchführung einer Prüfung für zumindest einen Teil der elektrischen Verbraucher, ob und in welchem Umfang zum aktuellen Zeitpunkt eine Reduzierung der elektrischen Leistungsaufnahme möglich ist;
• e) in Abhängigkeit des Ergebnisses der durchgeführten Prüfung gemäß Schritt d): Herabsetzung der elektrischen Leistungsaufnahme für zumindest einen Teil der elektrischen Verbraucher, für die eine aktuelle Reduzierung der elektrischen Leistungsaufnahme möglich ist.

The solution of this object by the invention according to the method is characterized in that the following steps are carried out by the control device for minimizing the electric power drawn from the power supply by the electrical consumers:

• a) operating at least a part of the electrical consumers according to their electrical rated power;
• b) detecting the sum of the electrical power drawn by the electrical consumers from the electricity supply;
• c) comparing the sensed electrical power with a predetermined electrical power limit;
• d) in the event that the sum of the extracted electrical power reaches the predetermined limit: performing a test for at least a portion of the electrical consumers, whether and to what extent at the current time a reduction in electrical power consumption is possible;
• e) depending on the result of the test performed in step d): Reduction of the electrical power consumption for at least a portion of the electrical consumers for which a current reduction in electrical power consumption is possible.

The steps b) to e) are preferably repeated periodically.

In the test according to step d) above, at least one state parameter of at least part of the electrical consumers can be detected and taken into account by means of a sensor.

Here, according to a special embodiment of the method, it is provided that one of the electrical consumers is a cooling device, which, in the event that the sum of the electrical power detected according to step b) is below the predetermined limit value, is operated at least temporarily with increased energy absorption (ie, the cooling device preferably takes its rated power for a longer period of time). The cooling device can be operated in the case of operation with increased energy consumption so that a cooling of the material to be cooled takes place at a predetermined value below a temperature setpoint. The predetermined value can be between 2 and 4 K. So it is possible, for example, to operate a freezing temporarily with a temperature of -22 ° C, instead of the usual -18 ° C; in times when the energy consumption is to be reduced, then the cooling is not operated, which can be done until the temperature of -18 ° C is reached.

Accordingly, it is thus provided that in times of low total energy intake, the cooling system (which is the same for a refrigerator as for a freezer) is cooled over the required target, then at times higher Energy intake in the power can be reduced or even switched off completely.

In the control device according to a further very advantageous development of the proposed method for carrying out or supporting the above step d) consumption data for at least a portion of the electrical consumers for past time points are stored, which indicate for each electrical consumer, which day of the week and to which Time of the electrical consumer with which electrical power consumption was operated. When reducing the electrical power consumption for an electrical consumer according to the above step e) then the stored consumption data can be considered and a reduction for a specific electrical load then take place when at the corresponding time corresponding to the day of the week and the time in the past, a power below the electrical rating for the electrical load was present.

Such a reduction in energy consumption can for example in the case of a cappuccino machine with multiple steam generators and several brewing done such that only a part of the steam generator or brewing units is operated when said finding a lesser need to hit a specific time on a particular day becomes.

In this case, it can furthermore be provided that current electrical power consumptions of at least part of the electrical consumers are recorded and stored as respective current consumption data in the control device.

Preferably, the production and sales facility is a bakery and comprises at least one oven, wherein the operation of the at least one oven and in the case that the sum of the withdrawn electrical power reaches the predetermined limit, a change of the current baking program is carried out to the effect that the Power consumption of the oven is reduced and the baking time is extended for it.

This also can be efficiently counteracted by exceeding the power withdrawal from the network without having to accept significant disadvantages in the operation of the device.

Via the networking of the relevant energy consumers, for example in a bakery branch or in a branch of a butcher's shop via the control device, the total electrical power consumption required from the power grid is minimized by reducing specific consumers specifically for defined times in the power consumption.

By storing the power consumption data for the individual consumers over time (day of the week and time, including public holidays that can be recorded in the history), historical data can be accessed, allowing the controller to use it Information to reduce consumers in the performance - possibly even temporarily switch off completely - at any earlier time points, d. H. on the same day of the week at the same time, had no high energy consumption. The operation of such consumers may then be postponed until the summary terminal value has decreased, which is permanently monitored. This takes advantage of the fact that, by using historical data, there is little chance that a consumer will be given too little energy.

For example, and preferably also directly via POS systems, the recording of said historical data can take place in which the type of product sold is registered at the respective time.

Refrigerators (refrigerators, freezers) can be operated more intensively during times when the aggregate connected load for the power drawn from the electricity supply is low (for example at night). Thus, for example, the temperature level can be reduced by 2 to 4 K in the times in which less energy is taken from the electricity supply. In the event of energy peaks (i.e., in particular at certain times of the day), the power supply to the refrigerators can then be reduced; the prescribed minimum temperature to be maintained is nevertheless ensured, since initially an undercooling was present. Only when reaching said minimum temperature, the refrigerators are re-supplied with energy, which is determined by a temperature monitoring by sensor from the controller. Thus, the refrigerators act as a kind of energy buffer, which are recharged from the network only with lower energy consumption.

The ovens can be controlled so that they are operated in the case of an energy-intensive heating phase with lower power. The power required from the power grid is thus lower, at the expense of a slightly prolonged heating up to the state of the readiness for baking, but this can be tolerated in many cases.

The baking program itself can also be influenced in terms of this objective. For example, an energy intensive final heating of the oven to the end of the baking program can be reduced to reduce the required power; This may optionally be compensated for by a somewhat prolonged baking time (preferably for a period of 0.5 to 1.5 minutes).

In this optimization of energy consumption can be determined independently in the case of multiple ovens on the part of the controller, which oven is best used taking into account the furnace atmosphere. If, for example, lye biscuits are to be baked, the steam device of the oven is not needed. Accordingly, the control device can access the oven or provide for the upcoming baking, which is optimal under the current state conditions. This also reduces energy consumption.

By synchronizing the measurement periods used by the respective energy supplier for the power consumption in conjunction with the supplied meter pulse is thus ensured that in the required time the energy demand is reduced to a permissible level, so that the operator of the system no increased costs for the energy supply.

In the figure, an embodiment of the invention is shown. The figure shows some elements of a bakery.

In the figure, a bakery (in this case a bakery branch or a bakery in the food retail trade) is outlined, the components of interest here as an electrical consumer 1 in the form of a refrigerator and an electrical consumer 2 in the form of a baking oven and a control device 4 has, which are interconnected. The control device 4 stands with an electricity supply 3 connected and controls the supply of consumers 1 . 2 with electricity.

Every consumer 1 . 2 has a rated electrical rating P _nominal , which indicates the electrical connection value, if the device is operated without further measures. The actual electrical actual power P _actual does not have to match the rated power P _nom ; It is possible for the consumer 1 . 2 operating in a mode that results in lower (or higher) power consumption.

From the control device 4 gets out of the electricity supply 3 removed electrical power monitored. The measured value is compared with a predetermined limit P _Grenz . If the total power consumption from the network is below the limit P _limit , there is no need for the control device to act 4 ,

In the event that the sum of the extracted electric power P _is, however, the predetermined limit P _limit reached or even exceed the short term, led into the control device 4 stored algorithm a test for the electrical consumers 1 . 2 Whether and to what extent a reduction in electrical power consumption is possible at the current time.

There are two general options for this, which can be isolated or cumulative:
On the one hand, electrical consumers can be reduced in power consumption or temporarily shut down completely, which were previously operated with increased power to produce a state that allows a temporary shutdown of the consumer. This is done on the fridge 1 has been pointed out, in which by additional power consumption, a temperature level has been reached, by a temperature difference .DELTA.T of 2 to 4 K below the temperature setpoint T _target in the refrigerator 1 lies. This condition can be produced overnight, for example, since the total energy consumption is low. This allows it during the day during periods of high electricity demand that the refrigerator 1 is temporarily switched off, namely, when other consumers have a high energy demand. This can be the required peak power to be served from the electricity supply to be reduced.

So that the temperature in the refrigerator does not leave the permissible value, it is in the fridge 1 a temperature sensor 5 arranged, its data to the control device 4 supplies. A shutdown of the refrigerator 1 is thus prevented if this leads to an inadmissibly high temperature in the refrigerator 1 would.

On the other hand, it is also possible to make targeted use of historical data stored in the control system 4 and provide information about how in the past the power consumption was for a specific electrical consumer. This is based on the knowledge that there are relatively regular cycles over a week and for each day of the week d over the time h, which are typical for a consumer's energy consumption. Thus, on certain days of the week and here at certain times usually a relatively regularly recurring need for special products (pastries, coffee drinks) on.

In this way, for example, when a cappuccino machine shows a demand for electrical energy demand, it can be determined from the historical data whether it is a typical appliance operation at that time; In this case, the power supply of the device has priority and the energy is not throttled.

If, however, the recording for this device shows that there is currently no high demand for device-specific products (ie cappuccino) on the specific day of the week, the control device can 4 In any case, reduce the energy supply for this consumer something. Although this has a longer warm-up and operating time result, but in the light of the energy history for this device is justifiable. Alternatively or in addition, it is of course also possible - as already mentioned above - to temporarily switch off part of it in the case of several steam generators or brewing units; in that case, it will not necessarily take a longer time to deliver the (lower) demand for drink.

Accordingly, then depending on the test and evaluation of the energy history for the specific consumer at least for some of the electrical consumers 1 . 2 the electrical power consumption can be reduced.

In the control device 4 this is illustrated in the figure, s. the three illustrated tables above the controller 4 , These are said tables, in which for the weekdays d and the respective times h for each (or at least for a part of) the electrical consumers 1 . 2 is deposited as its actual power consumption P _{Ist was} in the past.

This information can, for the described energy reduction, by a defined reduction amount ΔP for a consumer 1 . 2 be used.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

electrical consumer (refrigerator)

2

electrical consumer (oven)

3

electricity supply

4

control device

5

Sensor (temperature sensor)

P _nominal

rated electrical capacity

P _is

extracted electrical power (actual power)

P _border

predetermined limit value for the electrical power

.DELTA.P

Reduction of electrical power consumption

d

weekday

H

time of day

T _target

Temperature setpoint

.DELTA.T

temperature difference

Claims (10)

Method of operating a production and sales device for retail goods, the production and sales device comprising a number of electrical consumers ( 1 . 2 ), which have an electricity supply ( 3 ) are supplied with electricity, wherein for the control of at least a part of the electrical consumers ( 1 . 2 ) with electricity a control device ( 4 ), which determines the electrical power supply to the electrical consumers ( 1 . 2 ), characterized in that the control device ( 4 ) to minimize the power supply ( 3 ) taken by the electrical consumers ( 1 . 2 ) the following steps are carried out: a) operating at least part of the electrical consumers ( 1 . 2 ) according to their rated electrical power (P _nominal ); b) recording the sum of the electrical consumers ( 1 . 2 ) from the electricity supply ( 3 ) extracted electrical power (P _actual ); c) comparing the detected electrical power (P _actual ) with a predetermined limit value (P _limit ) for the electric power; d) in the event that the sum of the withdrawn electrical power (P _actual ) reaches the predetermined limit value (P _limit ): carrying out a test for at least part of the electrical consumers ( 1 . 2 ), whether and to what extent at the current time (d, h) a reduction of the electrical power consumption (ΔP) is possible; e) depending on the result of the test carried out in step d): reduction of the electrical power consumption for at least part of the electrical consumers ( 1 . 2 ) for which a current reduction in electrical power consumption is possible. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the steps b) to e) of claim 1 are repeated periodically. Method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that during the test according to step d) of claim 1 at least one state parameter of at least a part of the electrical consumers ( 1 . 2 ) by means of a sensor ( 5 ) is recorded and taken into account. Method according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that one of the electrical consumers ( 1 . 2 ) a cooling device ( 1 ), which, in the event that the sum of the electric power (P _actual ) detected in step b) of claim 1 _is below the predetermined limit value (P _limit ), is operated at least temporarily with increased energy consumption. A method according to claim 4, characterized in that the cooling device is operated in the case of operation with increased energy consumption so that a cooling of the material to be cooled to a predetermined value (.DELTA.T) below a temperature setpoint (T _Soll ). A method according to claim 5, characterized in that the predetermined value (ΔT) is between 2 and 4 K. Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that in the control device ( 4 ) for carrying out or supporting step d) according to claim 1 for at least some of the electrical consumers ( 1 . 2 ) for past time consumption data is stored for each electrical consumer ( 1 . 2 ) indicate to which day of the week (d) and at which time (h) the electrical consumer ( 1 . 2 ) with which electrical power consumption was operated. A method according to claim 7, characterized in that in the reduction of the electrical power consumption for an electrical consumer ( 1 . 2 ) according to step e) of claim 1, the stored consumption data are taken into account and a reduction for a specific electrical consumer ( 1 . 2 ) takes place when at the respective corresponding time (d, h) concerning the day of the week (d) and the time (h) in the past a power consumption below the nominal electrical power (P _nom ) for the electrical consumer ( 1 . 2 ) was present. Method according to claim 7, characterized in that current electrical power consumptions of at least a part of the electrical consumers ( 1 . 2 ) and as respective current consumption data in the control device ( 3 ) get saved. Method according to one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the production and sales facility is a bakery and at least one oven ( 2 ), wherein during operation of the at least one oven ( 2 ) and in the event that the sum of the extracted electrical power (P _actual ) reaches the predetermined limit (P _limit ), a change of the currently running baking program is done so that the power consumption of the oven is reduced and the baking time is extended for it.

Images