DE102014017544A1 - Method and system for inductive transmission of electrical energy to a vehicle - Google Patents

Abstract

Method and system for inductive transmission of electrical energy to a vehicle, wherein a primary winding is arranged at the bottom and at the bottom of the vehicle, a secondary winding, wherein the vehicle is arranged a composed of two partial windings winding, wherein the acted upon by the AC primary winding in each of the two partial windings induced voltages are equal in magnitude, so that no voltage is induced by the primary winding in the winding, wherein at the bottom of a corresponding, also composed of two partial windings winding is arranged, wherein the acted upon by the AC primary winding in each of the two partial windings induced voltages are equal in magnitude, so that no voltage is induced by the primary winding in the winding, wherein the position of the vehicle relative to that position of the vehicle, in which an optimal, in particular maximum, coupling strength the secondary winding to the primary winding is present, is determined by a means disposed on the ground and then the specific position information is transmitted via a separate from the partial windings communication channel (61) to a vehicle-mounted control.

Description

The invention relates to a method and a system for inductively transmitting electrical energy to a vehicle.

It is well known that energy is inductively transferable.

The invention is therefore based on the object to form an improved loading method for an electric vehicle.

According to the invention the object is achieved in the method according to the features specified in claim 1 and in the system according to the features specified in claim 6.

Important features of the invention in the method are that it is intended for inductive transmission of electrical energy to a vehicle,
wherein a primary winding is arranged at the bottom and at the bottom of the vehicle, a secondary winding,
wherein a winding composed of two partial windings is arranged on the vehicle, wherein the voltages which are induced by the primary winding subjected to an alternating current to each of the two partial windings have the same value, so that no voltage is induced from the primary winding into the winding,
wherein at the bottom of a corresponding, also composed of two partial windings winding is arranged, wherein the induced by the AC primary winding in each of the two partial windings induced voltages are equal in magnitude, so that no voltage is induced by the primary winding in the winding,
characterized in that
the position of the vehicle relative to the position of the vehicle in which an optimal, in particular maximum, coupling strength of the secondary winding to the primary winding is present, is determined by a means arranged on the ground
and thereafter transmitting the determined position information to a vehicle-mounted controller via a communication channel separate from the sub-windings.

The advantage here is that the position of the inductively transmitted signals can be determined and the position information determined from the signals is transmitted via a separate communication channel, for example by means of modulated radio waves, modulated light or modulated infrared. Thus, the transmission through the communication channel is not disturbed by the generated magnetic fields.

In an advantageous embodiment, a unidirectional communication channel is set up from the winding arranged on the vehicle to the winding arranged at the bottom by modulating higher frequency current components, in particular alternating current components whose frequency is higher than the frequency of the alternating current impressed into the primary winding. The advantage here is that a large signal to noise ratio is foreseeable.

In an advantageous embodiment, the inductive coupling strengths between the partial windings of the vehicle-side winding and the partial windings of the bottom-side winding and the inductive coupling strength between the bottom-side and the vehicle-side winding are determined to determine the position and it is determined from the position. The advantage here is that the partial windings are used on the one hand for determining position and on the other hand also for data transmission in the strong alternating magnetic field generated by the primary winding.

In an advantageous embodiment, the secondary winding has a capacitance connected in series or in parallel such that the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit thus formed essentially corresponds to the frequency of the alternating current impressed into the primary winding. The advantage here is that a high efficiency in the inductive transmission of energy can be achieved.

In an advantageous embodiment of the vehicle to the primary winding one-way, in particular a unidirectional communication channel, set up, wherein an impressed in the vehicle arranged partial windings current generates an alternating magnetic field such that a corresponding signal voltage is generated in the bottom side arranged partial windings, in particular independent of the alternating magnetic field generated by the primary winding. The advantage here is that the arrival, especially so entering the sensitive area of the primary winding, in a simple manner recognizable and / or can be signaled.

Important features in the system for carrying out an aforementioned method are that at least two partial windings and a secondary winding are provided on the vehicle side and at least two partial windings and a primary winding on the bottom side.

The advantage here is that an inductive transmission of energy and data is made possible in a simple manner.

Further advantages emerge from the subclaims. The invention is not on the Feature combination of claims limited. For the skilled person, further meaningful combination options of claims and / or individual claim features and / or features of the description and / or figures, in particular from the task and / or the task posing by comparison with the prior art arise.

The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to figures:

In the 1 a system according to the invention for the inductive transmission of electrical energy to a vehicle with energy storage is shown, wherein a unidirectional data transmission from the vehicle 1 to an infeed 7 , So to a feeder, is provided.

In the 2 is different from 1 bottom not a single primary winding 5 but another winding 20 arranged.

In the 3 is unlike the 1 and 2 realized a bidirectional data transmission.

In the 4 is shown for this bidirectional data transmission, a bottom-side transceiver and a vehicle-side transceiver.

In the 5 the associated bottom-side and vehicle-side winding arrangement is shown.

In the 6 is shown for a unidirectional data transmission, a bottom-side transceiver arrangement and a vehicle-side transceiver arrangement, wherein an additional communication channel 61 is provided.

As in 1 shown points the vehicle 1 a transmitter 2 on, with a arranged on the vehicle secondary winding 3 connected is.

At the bottom is a primary winding 5 arranged in which of an infeed 7 a medium-frequency alternating current is impressed, so that electrical energy is transferable to the vehicle, if this has a position in which the secondary winding 3 inductively coupled as strongly as possible to the primary winding 5 , The secondary winding 3 For this purpose, a capacitor in series and / or connected in parallel, so that the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit thus formed substantially the frequency of the in the primary winding 5 impressed alternating current.

In addition, the secondary winding 3 from a transmitter 2 applied with an alternating current component, which is caused by modulating a higher-frequency alternating current component in relation to the medium-frequency alternating current. Thus, one to the primary winding 5 provided unidirectional communication channel 4 created, the data transmission, in particular one-way signaling to the primary winding 5 towards.

The primary winding 5 is with a receiver 6 connected so that the inductively transmitted higher frequency current components from the receiver 6 are detectable and the signals thus evaluable.

As in 2 shown is another winding 20 provided on the bottom side, so that the higher frequency current components also in the winding 20 be induced. From the difference in the winding 20 and in the winding 5 induced signals, the position or at least the distance from that position can be determined, in which the secondary winding 3 the strongest coupling to the primary winding 5 having. It is also in 2 as in 1 a unidirectional communication channel from the vehicle 1 for feeding 7 intended. The secondary winding 3 So it acts as a transmitter.

As in 3 shown, the particular position information, in particular position or at least distance, retransmitted, if instead of the receiver arranged on the ground ( 6 . 21 ) a transceiver 32 is used and vehicle side instead of the transmitter 2 a transceiver 30 , Thus, then even a bidirectional data transmission is executable.

As in 4 the transceiver arrangement has a transceiver on the vehicle side 46 on, to exchange data with the controller 40 of the vehicle 1 connected is.

The one from the transceiver 46 included stations 45 is via a switch arrangement 44 with the oppositely wound arranged part windings (A, B) connected to a flat winding, so that the part windings (A, B) are alternatively or jointly electrically connectable to the transmitter 45 ,

The partial windings A and B are in this case designed and arranged such that when the primary winding is energized 5 the voltages induced in the two partial windings A and B are equal in magnitude. Thus disappears in interconnection of the two partial windings with a corresponding polarity, ie in the opposite direction executed winding arrangement, the total voltage induced on the winding (A, B).

On the vehicle side, another winding (C, D) is arranged, the partial windings also are executed in opposite directions, so that during energization of the primary winding also in the winding (C, D) induced Gesamttspannjung disappears, especially due to the magnitude equality of the individual voltages of the two partial windings (C, D).

The further winding (C, D) is arranged parallel to the winding (A, B) and preferably rotated by 90 °.

One of the winding (A, B) and the winding (C, D) corresponding winding arrangement is also arranged on the ground.

The induced in the partial windings C and D voltages are via a further switch assembly 44 a receiver 42 supplied, wherein the signal evaluated by the receiver as a data stream of the controller 40 be supplied.

In addition, the received signals, that is, the voltages induced in the partial windings C and D a position determining means 43 supplied, which is a position coordinate X of the vehicle 1 determined relative to the position of optimal coupling. From the recipient 42 the position coordinate Y is determined relative to the position of optimal coupling. From the evaluation unit 41 , which with the position determining means 43 and the receiver 42 electrically connected, the evaluation unit 42 is with the controller 40 connected to the data exchange.

At the bottom of a corresponding arrangement is executed. For this purpose, the first partial winding E and the second partial winding F of the first winding (E, F) with the receiver 51 electrically via a switch arrangement 52 connected.

The switch arrangements 44 and 52 are so controllable and dependent switchable that either only a respective one of the partial windings (A, B, C, D, E, F, G, H) or the entire windings, so the interconnected partial windings are connected to the transmitter or receiver , Thus, the inductive couplings of the individual partial windings are mutually determinable.

Stationary, so on the ground, is a transmitter 48 by means of a switch arrangement 52 connectable to the partial windings G and H. The transmitter 48 is with the controller 49 connected. A receiver 51 is by means of another switch arrangement 52 connected to the partial windings E and F. From the different coupling strengths and the resulting signals, the position of the vehicle 1 determined relative to the position of optimum inductive coupling. This information is sent to the sender 48 supplied and via the switch assembly 52 fed to the winding composed of the windings G and H winding.

In contrast to 4 and 5 is in the embodiment after 6 a communication channel 61 between the on-board control 40 and the bottom control 49 provided, so that the transmission of the specific position data is executable over this. Instead of the vehicle-side transceiver is only one transmitter 60 intended. Instead of the bottom-side transceiver is just a receiver 62 intended. Thus, signals are from the vehicle 1 to be transferred to the stationary part. The determined position information is transmitted via the communication channel 61 transfer

Since two partial windings are provided on the bottom side and also two partial windings on the vehicle side, the relative position or distance can be determined on both sides and can also be transmitted to one another via the bidirectional communication. In this way, a review and thus increased security can be achieved. In a further development, however, the position determination can also be carried out on the ground or alternatively only on the vehicle, and the determined values can be transmitted.

In a further embodiment of the invention, the vehicle is an automatically controlled vehicle, so AGV.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

vehicle

2

transmitter

3

secondary winding

4

unidirectional communication channel, in particular data transmission, in particular one-way signaling

5

primary

6

receiver

7

feed

20

further winding

21

receiver

30

transceiver

31

unidirectional communication channel, in particular data transmission, in particular transmission of the measured value and / or communication

40

control

41

Evaluation unit for position determination

42

receiver

43

location

44

switch

45

transmitter

46

transceiver

47

transceiver

48

transmitter

49

control

50

location

51

receiver

52

switch

60

transmitter

61

additional communication channel

A

first partial winding of the first vehicle-side winding

B

second partial winding of the first vehicle-side winding

C

first partial winding of the second vehicle-side winding

D

second partial winding of the second vehicle-side winding

e

first partial winding of the first stationary winding

F

second partial winding of the first stationary winding

G

first part winding of the second stationary winding

H

second partial winding of the second stationary winding

Claims (6)

A method for inductively transmitting electrical energy to a vehicle, wherein a primary winding is disposed at the bottom and at the bottom of the vehicle, a secondary winding, wherein the vehicle is arranged a composed of two partial windings winding, wherein the acted upon by the AC primary winding in each the two partial windings voltages are equal in magnitude, so that no voltage is induced by the primary winding in the winding, wherein at the bottom of a corresponding, also composed of two partial windings winding is arranged, wherein the acted upon by the AC primary winding in each of the two partial windings induced voltages are equal in magnitude, so that no voltage is induced by the primary winding in the winding, characterized in that the position of the vehicle relative to that position of the vehicle, in which an optimal, in particular maximum, Koppl strength of the secondary winding to the primary winding is determined, is determined by an arranged at the bottom means and then the specific position information on a separate from the partial windings communication channel ( 61 ) is transmitted to an arranged in the vehicle control. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that from the winding arranged on the vehicle to the winding arranged at the bottom, a unidirectional communication channel is set up by modulating higher frequency current components, in particular alternating current components whose frequency is higher than the frequency of the primary winding impressed alternating current. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that for determining the position, the inductive coupling strengths between the partial windings of the vehicle-side winding and the partial windings of the bottom winding and the inductive coupling strength between the bottom side and the vehicle side winding are determined and from the position is determined. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the secondary winding has a capacitance connected in series or in parallel such that the resonant frequency of the resonant circuit thus formed substantially corresponds to the frequency of the alternating current impressed into the primary winding. Method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that from the vehicle to the primary winding one-way signaling, in particular a unidirectional communication channel is set up, wherein an impressed in the arranged on the vehicle partial windings current generates an alternating magnetic field such that a corresponding signal voltage in the bottom side arranged partial windings is generated, in particular independent of the alternating magnetic field generated by the primary winding. System for carrying out a method according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized in that on the vehicle side at least two partial windings and a secondary winding are present and the bottom side at least two partial windings and a primary winding.

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