DE102016207166B4 - Method and device for producing a security document and security document - Google Patents

Abstract

Method for producing a security document (1), wherein the security document (1) is provided in an oversize format, wherein the security document (1) is trimmed in at least one edge region, wherein the trimming produces an uneven and/or bevelled course of at least one section of a longitudinal edge (18a, 18b) and/or at least one section (20, 21) of a transverse edge (19a, 19b) of the security document (1), characterized in that the section (20, 21) with the uneven and/or bevelled course extends only over part of the height of the edge (18a, 18b, 19a, 19b).

Description

The invention relates to a method and a device for producing a security document, in particular a book-like security document, and to a security document.

The DE 101 24 068 A1 discloses a device and a method for automatically positioning and trimming cutting material made of paper materials or stackable materials similar to paper materials, in particular for trimming bound printed products on three sides. The device described has two knives that cut orthogonally and out of phase with one another. The knives cut through different sections of the cutting material simultaneously.

The problem here is that the punching process described in the publication is prone to wear and tear and malfunctions. In particular, the effort required to change and set up the cutting tool is time-consuming and costly. Quality control for documents produced in this way is also complex, as a visual inspection and appropriate readjustment of the cutting tools usually have to be carried out. In particular, with a so-called three-sided cutting tool, the adjustability of the trim is also limited. For example, it is only possible to move all cutting edges parallel to the surface of the material being cut at the same time. However, the known punching processes only enable the production of security documents with straight and non-bevelled edges.

The republished EN 10 2015 219 732.8 describes a device and a method for producing a security document, wherein the security document is provided in an oversize format, wherein the security document is trimmed in at least one edge region, wherein the trimming takes place along a trimming trajectory, wherein the trimming is carried out continuously in time and space along the trimming trajectory.

The DE 101 24 068 A1 discloses a device for automatically positioning and trimming material to be cut from paper materials, in particular for three-sided trimming of bound printed products.

The US 2015 / 0118449 A1 discloses a method for producing a value document, wherein the shape of at least a part of an edge of the document can be selected.

The EN 10 2015 102 304 A1 discloses an insert sheet, a book block for a book-like document and a book-like document as well as a method for their production.

It is desirable to further increase the protection of security documents against forgery.

The technical problem is to create a method and a device for producing a security document as well as a security document which provide increased security against forgery of the security document.

The solution to the technical problem results from the objects having the features of claims 1, 9 and 10. Further advantageous embodiments of the invention emerge from the subclaims.

It is a basic idea of the invention to form at least a portion of a longitudinal and/or transverse edge of the security document with an uneven and/or bevelled contour.

A method for producing a security document is proposed. The security document can have a desired format, for example an ID1 format, an ID2 format or an ID3 format. Preferably, but not necessarily, the security document is a book-like security document. A book-like security document can comprise a cover part and a book block part, wherein the cover part surrounds the book block part when the security document is closed. Alternatively, however, the security document can also be provided as a card body.

The security document is provided in an oversize format. This can mean that at least one dimension, for example a length, a width or a height, is larger than the desired target or final dimension in the finished state of the security document. The finished state can refer to a ready-to-use state. Preferably, two dimensions, preferably the length and width, are larger than the corresponding target dimension. For example, a security document can have an overhang with a predetermined dimension along the corresponding spatial direction, for example along a longitudinal direction or transverse direction, in one or more edge regions. The overhang can be, for example, 5 mm. In the case of a book-like security document, for example, three edges can each have an overhang, in particular two transverse edges and one longitudinal edge. In this case, the security document can only have no overhang in the edge region forming the spine. The overhang can also be used as trimming. addition. However, in the case of a card-shaped security document, this can of course have an overhang along all four edges.

The security document can be trimmed in at least one edge area or in selected, but not all, edge areas or in all edge areas. Trimming is performed along a trimming trajectory.

The trimming trajectory can in particular comprise a section for producing at least one transverse edge. This means that trimming along the trimming trajectory results in trimming along the transverse edge of the security document that is then cut out. Accordingly, the trimming trajectory can comprise a section for producing at least one longitudinal edge.

It is possible, but not mandatory, that a length of a transverse edge is shorter than the length of a longitudinal edge. Furthermore, the longitudinal and transverse edges can be oriented essentially perpendicular to each other. It is also possible for an edge area forming the spine to form a longitudinal edge. Transverse edges can also be arranged in particular on the front sides of the security document.

The trimming trajectory can also comprise at least one or more connecting sections. The trimming trajectory in the connecting section connects a trimming trajectory in a transverse edge section and the trimming trajectory in a longitudinal edge section. In the connecting section, the trimming trajectory and thus also a course of the edge can be curved. Such a curved section can in particular be a circular arc-shaped section. This circular arc-shaped section can have a predetermined radius, in particular a radius in the range from 1 mm to 5 mm, preferably in a range from 2.5 mm to 4 mm.

It is important that, for the purposes of this invention, a section of the transverse edge and a section of the longitudinal edge do not comprise the connecting section. In particular, the connecting section is not part of a section of a transverse edge or a longitudinal edge.

Furthermore, the trimming produces an uneven and/or bevelled course of at least one section of a longitudinal edge and/or an uneven and/or bevelled course of at least one section of the transverse edge. The course can in particular refer to a course of a surface of the edge or a course of points along this surface.

Of course, an uneven and/or bevelled course can also be produced in several different or spaced sections of the longitudinal edge and/or the transverse edge.

An edge of the security document may have a predetermined height, the height being detected, for example, in a direction perpendicular to a front or back of the security document.

Reference is made below to the following coordinate system. A vertical axis of the security document may be oriented perpendicular to the front and/or back of the security document. A longitudinal axis may extend parallel to a longitudinal edge. A transverse axis may extend parallel to a transverse edge. However, this does not necessarily mean that the longitudinal axis is parallel to every section of the longitudinal edge and/or the transverse axis is parallel to every section of the transverse edge.

In the case of an uneven and/or bevelled section of the longitudinal edge, a normal vector that is oriented perpendicular to a tangential plane at this point can enclose an angle with the transverse axis that is not equal to zero at at least one point of the section. Thus, the normal vector is not parallel to the transverse axis at this point. In the case of an uneven and/or bevelled section of the longitudinal edge, the normal vector can also enclose an angle with the transverse axis that is not equal to zero at all points of this section. However, a value of the angle or the value of directional components of the normal vector can change in this case.

1. a) einen Richtungsanteil, der parallel zur Längsachse orientiert ist,
2. b) einen Richtungsanteil, der parallel zur Vertikalachse orientiert ist.

The normal vector can contain exactly one or more of the following directional components:

1. a) a directional component that is oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis,
2. b) a directional component that is oriented parallel to the vertical axis.

In both cases it is possible, but not mandatory, that the normal vector also includes a directional component that is oriented parallel to the transverse axis. It is also conceivable that the normal vector is oriented completely parallel to the longitudinal axis or completely parallel to the vertical axis.

Of course, an uneven and/or bevelled section of the longitudinal edge comprise several subsections in which points have equally oriented normal vectors.

Thus, for a straight and non-bevelled section of the longitudinal edge, a normal vector of a tangential plane at points of the section can be oriented parallel to the transverse axis.

In the case of an uneven and/or bevelled section of the transverse edge, a normal vector that is oriented perpendicular to a tangential plane at this point can enclose an angle with the longitudinal axis that is not equal to zero at at least one point of the section. Thus, the normal vector is not parallel to the longitudinal axis at this point. In the case of an uneven and/or bevelled section of the transverse edge, the normal vector can also enclose an angle with the longitudinal axis that is not equal to zero at all points of this section. However, a value of the angle or the value of directional components of the normal vector can change in this case.

1. a) einen Richtungsanteil, der parallel zur Querachse orientiert ist,
2. b) einen Richtungsanteil, der parallel zur Vertikalachse orientiert ist,

The normal vector can include exactly one or more of the following directional components:

1. a) a directional component that is oriented parallel to the transverse axis,
2. b) a directional component that is oriented parallel to the vertical axis,

In both cases it is possible, but not mandatory, that the normal vector also includes a directional component that is oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis. It is also conceivable that the normal vector is oriented completely parallel to the transverse axis or completely parallel to the vertical axis.

Of course, an odd and/or beveled section of the transverse edge can comprise several subsections in which points have equally oriented normal vectors.

Thus, for a straight and non-bevelled section of the transverse edge, a normal vector of a tangential plane at points of the section can be oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis.

In a section with an uneven course, a curved course can be formed in particular. A curved course can have a fixed radius of curvature. A radius of curvature and/or a direction of curvature can also change along the edge.

In a section with a bevelled course, an inclined, but flat, surface can also be formed.

It is important that the section according to the invention with the uneven and/or bevelled course does not designate a connecting section between a transverse edge and a longitudinal edge.

By providing an edge section with an uneven and/or bevelled course, an additional security feature can be provided. For example, when checking the authenticity of the security document, it can be checked whether the security document has an edge section with the uneven and/or bevelled course explained. If this is the case and if other security features can be verified, the authenticity of the security document can be verified. If this is not the case, the authenticity cannot be verified.

In a further embodiment, at least one elevation and/or at least one recess and/or at least one rounding and/or at least one bevel of the edge is produced or formed by the uneven and/or beveled course.

For example, a dot pattern can be created or formed by the uneven and/or beveled course in one or more sections, with dots being formed as elevations. The elevations can be detected tactilely, in particular by fingertips.

The dot pattern can in particular form an element or part of an element of a Braille script, in particular Braille. An element can be, for example, a letter or a symbol of Braille.

The edge can also be made to have a wavy shape in the section. Alternatively, a jagged shape, e.g. a zigzag shape, can be made. An edge with grooves or notches can also be made.

This advantageously results in an easily identifiable edge profile, which in turn enables an easy-to-implement, fast and reliable authenticity check.

In a further embodiment, the course encodes information. For example, the course or at least one property of the course can be detected, in particular optically, haptically or by other suitable detection methods. It is possible, for example, that a two- or three-dimensional image of the edge is generated. Depending on the detected course, the Information can be decoded. Of course, there can be a clear association between the history, in particular one or more properties of the history, and the information. The information can in particular be document-specific or individual information.

If a dot pattern is created or formed by the odd and/or slanted course in one or more sections, this dot pattern can form the desired information or part of it in Braille. For example, a serial number can be represented in Braille by the odd and/or slanted course.

The authenticity check explained above can then be carried out depending on the information. For example, when checking the authenticity of the security document, it can be checked whether the coded information corresponds to a specified piece of information. The specified information can be stored, for example, in particular in a database or a corresponding storage device. If this is the case and if other security features can be verified, the authenticity of the security document can be verified. If this is not the case, the authenticity cannot be verified.

This advantageously results in a further improvement in security against counterfeiting.

In a further embodiment, the history encodes information already present in the security document. For example, the history can encode a serial number of the security document or a part thereof, a name of a person authorized to keep the security document or a part thereof, or other information of the security document. In this case, the history of the section can be different for each security document.

This advantageously results in a further improvement in the security against forgery. For example, when checking the authenticity of the security document, it can be checked whether the coded information corresponds to a, particularly specified, piece of information in the security document. For this purpose, the additional information can also be recorded or determined. If this is the case and if additional security features can be verified, the authenticity of the security document can be verified. If this is not the case, the authenticity cannot be verified.

In a further embodiment, the history is a document-specific history. This can mean that a specific history exists for each security document, although of course the histories of different security documents can differ from one another. In particular, the history can be an individualized history. This can mean that the history encodes an identity of a person authorized to keep the security document.

The authenticity check explained above can then be carried out depending on the information. For example, when checking the authenticity of the security document, it can be checked whether the history corresponds to a document-specific history or an individualized history. This can be done, for example, by comparing at least one property. If this is the case and if other security features can be verified, the authenticity of the security document can be verified. If this is not the case, the authenticity cannot be verified.

For example, the security document or the person authorized to maintain the security document can be identified. The document-specific or individualized history or at least one property can, for example, be stored, in particular in a database or a corresponding storage device, and retrieved depending on the identified security document or the identified authorized person.

In a further embodiment, the uneven and/or beveled section is a section of a transverse edge, wherein a center point of the section is arranged closer to a spine edge than to a longitudinal edge that is opposite the spine edge. In this case, the security document can in particular be a book-like security document. This advantageously results in a user being less irritated by the uneven and/or beveled section when handling the security document, since manual handling usually takes place in the region of the longitudinal edge that is opposite the spine edge.

According to the invention, the section with the uneven and/or bevelled course extends only over a part of the height of the edge. For example, the section can only be produced in an area of the edge of the front of a book-like security document, but not in the area of an edge of the back. For example, the section can only be produced in an area of an edge of a front cover part of a book-like security document, but not in the area of an edge of a back cover part.

This additional feature can advantageously further increase security against counterfeiting; in particular, such gradients cannot be produced using known punching processes.

In a further embodiment, the trimming is carried out continuously in time and space along the trimming trajectory. This can mean that the trimming is carried out continuously in time and space along the trimming trajectory. At a first point in time, the trimming can be carried out at a first point or section of the trimming trajectory, and at a point in time, in particular immediately following, the trimming is carried out at a point or section of the trimming trajectory that is spatially, in particular immediately adjacent. The trimming that is carried out continuously in time and space along the trimming trajectory can be carried out, for example, by moving at least one cutting device and/or the security document in such a way that the cutting device is moved along the trimming trajectory, in particular continuously. The security document in the oversize format and the cutting device can thus carry out a relative movement, in particular a continuous movement, to one another in such a way that the trimming takes place along the trimming trajectory.

The oversized security document can in particular have a rectangular cross-section. The trimmed security document can also have a substantially rectangular cross-section, i.e. apart from the uneven and/or bevelled sections.

As explained in more detail below, trimming that runs temporally and spatially along the trimming trajectory, in particular continuous trimming, enables increased flexibility when trimming the security document in the oversize format. In particular, the trimming trajectory can be selected and the trimming can thus be carried out in such a way that an uneven and/or beveled section can be produced or formed in an edge region.

Furthermore, a trimming can be carried out for each edge area that is independent of the other edge areas. For example, a dimension of the section (i.e. the cut-off part) in an edge area can be selected independently of the dimension of the section in the remaining edge areas, in contrast to the known three-side trimming. This also applies, for example, to the orientation of a straight-line trimming trajectory.

In a further embodiment, the trimming is carried out by milling. For this purpose, the cutting device can be designed as a milling device. This advantageously enables easy maintenance or easy replacement of the cutting device, since, for example, only one milling head needs to be replaced. The replacement can be carried out automatically.

Alternatively, trimming is done by grinding. For this purpose, trimming can be carried out by a grinding device. For this purpose, the cutting device can be designed as a grinding device.

As an alternative, the trimming can be carried out by fluid jet cutting, in particular water jet cutting. In this case, the trimming can be carried out by a fluid jet cutting device. This can comprise at least one nozzle head and fluid technology connecting elements. This device can also comprise a pressure generating device that provides a desired fluid pressure in order to press the fluid out of the nozzle and provide the corresponding cutting jet. The pressure generating device can of course supply several nozzle heads.

Alternatively, the circumcision can be carried out using a cutting knife or a graver knife. These can be moved accordingly to carry out the circumcision.

Alternatively, circumcision can be done by laser cutting.

Overall, the result is a cutting device that saves installation space and is easy to maintain.

It is possible that the cutting device can be moved by a corresponding positioning device, for example a so-called XY actuator or an XYZ actuator. In this case, the security document in the oversize format, i.e. the material to be cut, can be arranged in a stationary manner. Alternatively, the at least one cutting device can be arranged in a stationary manner, whereby the security document in the oversize format can be moved by a corresponding positioning device. Alternatively, both the security document in the oversize format and the at least one cutting device can be arranged in a stationary manner. deinrichtung can be moved by appropriate positioning devices.

The at least one positioning device can therefore move the cutting device and/or the security document in the oversize format, in particular with a translational movement. Alternatively or cumulatively, a rotational movement may also be possible.

Furthermore, a spatial position of the clipping trajectory can be determined. The spatial position can be given in particular in a document-fixed coordinate system. The spatial position can designate a position and/or orientation of the clipping trajectory. The spatial position of the clipping trajectory can be given, for example, by the position of a point or selected points or all points of the clipping trajectory. An orientation of straight sections of the clipping trajectory can also be set. The orientation can also be given in the document-fixed coordinate system.

Furthermore, alternatively or cumulatively, a form of the clipping trajectory can be determined. The form can in particular be set such that the clipping trajectory has a desired course.

In a book-type security document, the trimming trajectory preferably comprises three substantially straight edge portions and two connecting portions, wherein a connecting portion connects two of the straight portions. One or more uneven and/or beveled portions may be provided in an edge portion.

In this case, the position and orientation can be determined for each section. The shape of the clipping trajectory can also be determined for each section.

Preferably, the spatial position and/or shape can be determined independently of one another for several sections of the clipping trajectory. This means that the spatial position and/or shape of one section has no effect on the spatial position and/or shape of another section. Furthermore, the clipping can be carried out for each section independently of the other sections.

The spatial position and/or the shape of the trimming trajectory or its sections can be set for each document on a document-specific basis. This means that the trimming trajectory can be set independently for each document, especially for security documents that follow one another in the production process and are to be trimmed.

Another advantage is that a trim and a contour of the edge can be set for each section of the security document to be trimmed, section-specifically. Process steps preceding trimming during the production of the security document can result in undesirable deviations in the relative positions and/or orientations of features or components of the security document to one another. These undesirable deviations can vary from security document to security document. For example, in a first security document, a graphic element arranged on the front, for example an embossing, may not be arranged at the desired distance from the edges, in particular off-center. In another security document, the graphic element on the front can be arranged at the desired distance from the edges, for example in the middle, but another feature has an undesirable deviation from a target position. For example, a graphic element on an inside page, in particular a passport card, can have an undesirable distance from the edges of this inside page. The document-specific determination of the trimming trajectory, in particular of sections of the trimming trajectory, enables trimming to be carried out in both cases in such a way that a desired position of the features or graphic elements can be ensured in each case. This advantageously reduces the amount of waste.

Furthermore, the security document and/or the at least one cutting device can be moved to carry out the circumcision. This can be done by one or more positioning devices. This was explained previously. This advantageously results in reliable and precise execution of the circumcision in time and space along the circumcision trajectory.

Furthermore, at least one image of the security document, in particular of the security document in oversize format, can be generated. The image can be generated by an image generation device, in particular a camera.

Furthermore, a document-related spatial position of at least one document feature can be determined on an image-based basis, whereby the cropping trajectory depends on the document-related spatial location of at least one document feature is determined.

Furthermore, the trimming trajectory can be determined such that a trimmed format does not deviate from a desired format by more than a predetermined amount. This can mean that a length and/or width and/or height of the trimmed security document does not deviate from a desired length or desired width or desired height by more than a predetermined amount. This can therefore be a first format criterion.

Alternatively or cumulatively, the clipping trajectory can be determined such that a document-related spatial position of a document feature in the clipped state of the security document does not deviate from a desired spatial position by more than a predetermined amount. In particular, the clipping trajectory can be determined such that a document-related spatial position of an imageable or non-imageable document feature in the clipped state of the security document does not deviate from a desired spatial position by more than a predetermined amount.

However, the clipping trajectory can be determined such that the security document has the desired contour.

Furthermore, the security document can be provided with at least one overhang layer. An edge region of the overhang layer can have at least one optical landmark. The overhang layer can in particular be part of the book block part explained above. The overhang layer can in particular be provided by at least one side of the book block part. Pages of the book block part can be used, for example, to enter a visa. The overhang layer is preferably provided by a passport card page of the book block part. Such a passport card page is generally not used to enter a visa. Pages of the book block part can be made of paper, plastic or a composite material, for example. In other words, the overhang layer has at least one section that protrudes beyond at least part of at least one side edge of the security document in the oversize format. This section can also be referred to as the overhang section. For example, the overhang section can protrude 3 mm to 6 mm beyond the side edge.

The overhanging section can extend along the entire side edge. In this case, the overhanging section can be strip-shaped. The overhanging section can also extend along only part of the side edge. The overhanging section can also comprise several sections, each of which extends along part of the side edge.

Furthermore, an image of at least the overhanging section of the overhanging layer is generated. Preferably, an image of the security document in the oversize format with the overhanging section is generated.

In a first alternative, a document-related spatial position of the overhang section is determined based on the image. A document-related spatial position can refer to a spatial position in a document-fixed coordinate system of the untrimmed security document, i.e. the security document in the oversize format.

The spatial position of the overhang section can be determined, for example, as the spatial position of a document feature of the overhang section, a reference point or a reference line of the overhang section or a coordinate system fixed to the overhang section. For example, an origin of this coordinate system can be located at a corner or in a geometric center of the overhang section. Furthermore, axes can be oriented parallel to edges of the overhang section.

The document-related spatial position can also refer to a spatial position of the overhanging section relative to a document feature, in particular an imaged document feature of the untrimmed security document. This can also be referred to as a relative spatial position. For example, the relative spatial position can be a distance of the section from a document feature, for example an edge of the document.

The spatial location of an image feature or document feature can refer to a position and/or orientation of the feature in or relative to the corresponding coordinate system.

Furthermore, depending on the document-related spatial position of the overhanging section, a document-related spatial position of at least one non-illustrated document feature of the security document is determined.

The spatial position of a non-imaged document feature relative to the overhang section can be known in advance. In particular, the spatial position of a non-imaged document feature in the overhang section-fixed coordinate system can be known in advance. Since the document-related spatial position of the overhang section, in particular of a coordinate system of the overhang section is known, the document-related spatial position of the non-imaged document feature can also be determined.

The non-imaged document feature refers to a document feature that cannot be imaged in the image using the image generation device and is therefore also not detectable in the image. A non-imageable document feature can therefore also be referred to as an invisible or hidden document feature, in particular a document feature that is not visible or hidden when the security document is closed.

A non-illustrated document feature can in particular be a feature that is arranged in or on a side of the book block part. Preferably, the non-illustrated document feature is a document feature that is arranged in or on the overhang layer, but not in the area of the overhang section.

Furthermore, a clipping trajectory is determined depending on the document-related spatial position of the non-imaged document feature of the security document.

In a second alternative, a document-related spatial position of an imaged document feature of the overhang section and a clipping trajectory depending on the document-related spatial position of the imaged document feature of the overhang section are determined on an image-based basis.

Furthermore, a trimming trajectory is determined depending on the spatial position of at least one imaged document feature of the overhanging section in the document-fixed coordinate system of the untrimmed security document.

In the second alternative, the image-based determination of the document-related spatial position of the overhang section is not absolutely necessary. However, in the second alternative, a document-related spatial position of the overhang section can also be determined image-based, whereby a document-related spatial position of at least one imaged document feature of the overhang section and a clipping trajectory are determined depending on the document-related spatial position of the imaged document feature of the overhang section.

For example, the document-related spatial position of the overhanging section and/or the document-related spatial position of the at least one non-imaged document feature of the security document can be determined depending on at least one imageable feature of the overhanging position. The imageable feature can in particular be arranged on the overhanging section.

In particular, the overhang section of the overhang layer can have at least one optical landmark, the optical landmark forming the imageable feature. An optical landmark can be a sign that can be easily, quickly and reliably detected in an image. For example, an optical landmark can be or include a registration mark, a line, a square, a circular element, a 2D or 3D barcode, a target element, two squares adjacent to one another at a corner or a punch. The optical landmark can be lasered, printed or punched.

The protruding section of the protruding layer can also have an identification feature that enables identification of the security document. Such an identification feature can be in the form of a barcode, for example. The identification feature can also form an optical landmark.

The at least one optical landmark and/or the identification feature can, for example, be arranged on, in or at the overhang layer during production of the overhang layer.

A relative position and/or orientation of non-imaged document features to the at least one optical landmark can be known in advance. In particular, the overhang position can have been produced in such a way that the relative positions and/or orientation lie in a predetermined range.

Since the non-imageable document features, in particular document features of the overhanging position, cannot be optically detected, in particular by camera, in a closed state of the book-like security document, the optical detection of the at least one optical landmark thus makes it possible to determine the document-related spatial position of the non-imaged feature.

For example, a non-imageable document feature can be a signature area. A spatial position of the signature area relative to the imageable feature of the overhang position can be known in advance. The document-related spatial position of the signature area can then be determined by optically detecting this feature. even if the signature area cannot be directly visually detected.

In the case explained above, the trimming trajectory can then be determined such that the signature area arranged, for example, inside the security document has a desired distance from the edge of the trimmed security document.

Of course, the method can also be used for non-book-like security documents, for example security documents in card format. In this case, the overhang layer can be an inner layer of the card body, for example a hologram layer and/or a so-called inlay layer and/or a personalized lamination layer.

In a further embodiment, the trimming trajectory has at least one part-circular section. This has already been explained above. This advantageously allows requirements for producing the security document to be met.

Furthermore, the security document can be provided as a book-like security document. In particular, the book-like security document can be provided in an oversized format in a closed state.

A security document, in particular a book-like security document, is also proposed. The security document has at least one longitudinal edge and at least one transverse edge.

Furthermore, at least one section of the longitudinal edge and/or at least one section of the transverse edge has an uneven and/or bevelled profile. The security document can in particular be produced by a method according to one of the embodiments described in this disclosure.

In particular, the uneven and/or beveled course can produce at least one elevation and/or at least one recess and/or at least one rounding and/or at least one bevel of the edge. Furthermore, the course can encode information. Furthermore, the course can encode information that is already present in the security document. Furthermore, the course can be a document-specific course. Furthermore, the section can be a section of a transverse edge, with a center point of the section being arranged closer to a spine edge than to a longitudinal edge that is opposite the spine edge. Furthermore, the section with the uneven and/or beveled course can only extend over part of the height of the edge. This and corresponding advantages have already been explained above.

A device for producing a security document is also proposed. A method for producing the security document according to one of the embodiments described in this disclosure can be carried out by means of the device. The proposed device is thus designed such that such a method can be carried out by means of the device.

The device comprises at least one cutting device and at least one holding device for the security document. The security document can be arranged on, at or in the holding device. The cutting device is also movable. Alternatively or cumulatively, the at least one holding device is movable. The device can comprise corresponding positioning devices for this purpose.

Furthermore, the security document can be trimmed in at least one edge region by means of the cutting device, wherein the trimming takes place along a trimming trajectory.

Furthermore, the trimming can produce an uneven and/or beveled course of at least one section of a longitudinal edge and/or at least one section of a transverse edge of the security document. This and the corresponding advantages were explained above.

Furthermore, the trimming can be carried out continuously in time and space, in particular continuously, along the trimming trajectory. This can mean that the trimming can be carried out by moving the at least one cutting device, in particular continuously, along the trimming trajectory. This in turn includes the case that the cutting device and the holding device carry out a relative movement to one another in such a way that the at least one cutting device is moved along the trimming trajectory.

Furthermore, the device can comprise at least one control device for controlling the movement of the cutting device and/or the holding device.

This advantageously results in a device for document-specific and flexible trimming of a security document in oversize format, whereby the amount of waste during the production of security documents can be reduced.

Furthermore, the device can comprise at least one device for image capture and at least one evaluation device. The device for image capture and the at least one evaluation device can be connected by signal and/or data technology. Furthermore, an image of the security document can be generated by means of the device for image capture. Furthermore, a document-related spatial position of at least one document feature can be determined by means of the evaluation device, wherein the clipping trajectory can be determined depending on the document-related spatial position of the at least one document feature.

For example, an image-based evaluation of a format criterion can be carried out using the evaluation device and a trimming trajectory can be determined depending on the evaluation. This was explained previously. Depending on the trimming trajectory determined in this way, the control device explained above can then control the positioning device(s) of the cutting device and/or the holding device in such a way that the cutting device is moved along the trimming trajectory.

Furthermore, the holding device for the security document can comprise a first and a further holding plate, wherein the security document can be arranged between the first and the further holding plate. In particular, the security document can be clamped between the first and the further holding plate.

Furthermore, the first and/or the further holding plate has a trimming slot. The trimming slot can designate a through-opening, in particular an elongated one, in the respective holding plate. A dimension of the trimming slot can in particular be selected such that trimming trajectories with a number of different spatial positions and/or different shapes can be used for trimming.

Alternatively, the first and/or the further holding plate has an undersize format. This means that the first and the further holding plate are smaller in at least one, two or all dimensions than the corresponding dimension of the security document in the trimmed state or in the oversize format.

This advantageously results in a stable arrangement of the security document during the trimming process, wherein either a cutting device or the holding plates or both the cutting device and the holding plates can be moved during the trimming process.

Furthermore, the holding plates can also exert a pressing force on the security document. The holding plates can also be used to fix the security document in place.

• 1 eine schematische Draufsicht auf ein Sicherheitsdokument,
• 2 ein schematisches Blockschaltbild einer erfindungsgemäßen Vorrichtung
• 3 ein schematisches Flussdiagramm eines erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens,
• 4 eine schematische Draufsicht auf einen Teilbereich eines Sicherheitsdokuments und
• 5 einen schematischen Längsschnitt durch ein Sicherheitsdokument.

The invention is explained in more detail using an embodiment. The figures show:

• 1 a schematic plan view of a security document,
• 2 a schematic block diagram of a device according to the invention
• 3 a schematic flow diagram of a method according to the invention,
• 4 a schematic plan view of a portion of a security document and
• 5 a schematic longitudinal section through a security document.

In the following, the same reference symbols designate elements with the same or similar technical features.

1 shows a schematic top view of a security document 1, which can be a book-like security document 1. The security document 1 has an oversized format. The untrimmed security document 1 in the oversized format is shown in solid lines. The security document 1 to be produced in the trimmed format, which can be an ID3 format, for example, is shown by a dashed line.

The security document 1 in the oversized format has a first longitudinal edge 2a, which forms a book spine. The security document 1 is shown in the closed state. The security document 1 in the oversized format also has a further longitudinal edge 2b, a first transverse edge 3a and a further transverse edge 3b. The distance between the edges 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b and the corresponding edges in the final format can also be referred to as the overhang or bleed of the security document 1 in the oversized format.

Also shown are a first longitudinal edge 18a, a further longitudinal edge 18b, a first transverse edge 19a and a further transverse edge 19b of the security document 1 in the final format. Also shown is a section 20 of the first transverse edge 19a, which has an uneven and/or beveled course, in particular a wavy course. Also shown is a section 21 of the further transverse edge 19b, which also has an uneven and/or beveled course, in particular a wavy course.

It is further shown that the security document 1 has on a front side 4 a graphic Element 5, which can be designed as a gold embossing, for example.

It is further shown that the security document 1 in the oversize format has an overhang layer 6, wherein an edge region 7 of the overhang layer 6 has optically detectable landmarks 8. This edge region 7 can also be referred to as an overhang section. The overhang layer 6 here refers to a page or double page of a book block (not shown) which is enclosed by the book cover when closed. The edge region 7 of the overhang layer 6 protrudes in the closed state over a side edge, in this case over the first transverse edge 3a, of the security document 1 in the oversize format or the cover part in the oversize format. Thus, the optically detectable landmarks 8 are in the closed state of the security document 1 in the oversize format by an image capture device 9 (see 2 ) can be detected.

In 1 It is shown that the optically detectable landmarks have two squares of the same size and with edges running parallel to one another, with the squares intersecting at exactly one corner, whereby this point can be referred to as the reference point of the optical landmark 8. The optically detectable landmarks 8 have a predetermined distance and a predetermined orientation (relative) to further features (not shown) of the overhang layer 6.

The overhang layer 6 can be designed, for example, as a laminated passport card made of plastic, which, in addition to the optically detectable landmarks 8, has a passport photo that cannot be optically detected when closed, a signature field that cannot be optically detected, and other (graphic) elements and security features. These (security) features can have a predetermined distance and a predetermined orientation (to) the optically detectable landmarks 8 or a connecting line between the reference points of the optical landmarks 8.

Also shown is an exemplary document-specific coordinate system with a longitudinal axis x and a transverse axis y, with arrows symbolizing a longitudinal direction and a transverse direction. The document-specific coordinate system can have an origin that is arranged in a geometric center of the security document 1 in the oversize format. Thus, a position and orientation of the optically detectable landmarks 8 can be determined in the document-specific coordinate system. The orientation can be determined, for example, as the orientation of a connecting line of the reference points of the optically detectable landmarks 8. This in turn makes it possible to determine a position and orientation of the explained further features and security features of the overhang layer 6, which cannot be optically detected in the closed state, in the document-specific coordinate system.

Furthermore, a position and orientation of the graphic element 5 in the document-fixed coordinate system can also be determined. A position can be, for example, a geometric center of the graphic element 5 or a point with predetermined properties. An orientation can be, for example, an orientation between two characteristic points of the graphic element 5 or an orientation of a side edge of the graphic element 5.

Furthermore, the position and orientation of the page margins 2a, 2b, 3a, 3b of the security document in the oversized format can be determined in the document-fixed coordinate system.

The 1 The security document 1 shown can be scanned by means of an image capture device 9 (see 2 ) are optically recorded. A control and evaluation device 10 (see 2 ) can then carry out an image-based evaluation of format criteria. Depending on the result of the evaluation, a trimming trajectory 11 can then be determined, wherein the trimming trajectory 11 determines a course or a contour of the edges 18a, 18b, 19a, 19b of the trimmed security document 1, in particular also a course of the sections 20, 21.

The clipping trajectory 11 can in particular comprise three sections 12a, 12b, 12c, wherein a first section 12a and a second section 12b are connected by a first connecting section 13a. The second section 12b and a third section 12c are connected by a second connecting section 13b. The connecting sections 13a, 13b can have a predetermined radius.

In this case, the first section 12a defines a contour of the first transverse edge 19a of the trimmed security document 1. Furthermore, the second section 12b defines a contour of the further longitudinal edge 18b of the trimmed security document 1. Furthermore, the third section 12c defines a contour of the second transverse edge 19b of the trimmed security document 1. In particular, the trimming trajectory 11 can also define the contour of the wave-shaped sections 20, 21.

The clipping trajectory 11 refers to a trajectory along which the security safety document 1 and a cutting device 11 are moved relative to each other to carry out the circumcision.

1. a) ein Abschnitt 20 eines Quer- oder Längsrandes 18a, 18b, 19a, 19b einen ungeraden und/oder abgeschrägten Verlauf aufweist,
2. b) ein Format des beschnittenen Sicherheitsdokuments 1 einem gewünschten End-Format entspricht oder nicht mehr als ein zulässiges Maß von diesem End-Format abweicht,
3. c) eine relative Lage und eine relative Orientierung des grafischen Elements 5 zu den Seitenrändern des beschnittenen Sicherheitsdokuments 1 einer gewünschten relativen Lage bzw. einer gewünschten relativen Orientierung entspricht oder nicht mehr als ein vorbestimmtes gewünschtes Maß davon abweicht,
4. d) eine relative Lage und relative Orientierung von mindestens einem nicht optisch erfassbaren Merkmal der Überstandslage 6 zu den Seitenrändern des beschnittenen Sicherheitsdokuments 1 einer gewünschten relativen Lage bzw. relativen Orientierung entspricht oder nicht mehr als ein vorbestimmtes Maß davon abweicht.

The clipping trajectory 11 can be determined in such a way that one, several or all of the following format criteria are met. In particular, a spatial position and shape of the clipping trajectory 11 in the document-fixed coordinate system can be selected in such a way that

1. a) a section 20 of a transverse or longitudinal edge 18a, 18b, 19a, 19b has an uneven and/or bevelled course,
2. (b) a format of the trimmed security document 1 corresponds to a desired final format or does not deviate from that final format by more than a permissible amount,
3. c) a relative position and a relative orientation of the graphic element 5 to the side edges of the trimmed security document 1 corresponds to a desired relative position or a desired relative orientation or does not deviate therefrom by more than a predetermined desired amount,
4. d) a relative position and relative orientation of at least one non-optically detectable feature of the overhang layer 6 to the side edges of the trimmed security document 1 corresponds to a desired relative position or relative orientation or does not deviate therefrom by more than a predetermined amount.

If all format criteria b) to d) cannot be fully met, the format criteria can be weighted. For example, fulfillment of format criterion b) can be weighted more highly than fulfillment of format criterion d). However, it must be ensured that all format criteria are partially met while adhering to permissible tolerances.

A spatial position of the clipping trajectory 11 can be determined in the document-fixed coordinate system. The spatial position can in particular designate a spatial position of the sections 12a, 12b, 12c, 13a, 13b.

In 1a a top view of a trimmed security document is shown. Shown in particular are the wave-shaped sections 20, 21 in the area of the transverse edges 19a, 19b of the trimmed security document 1. Here, it is shown that a center of the wave-shaped sections 20, 21 is arranged closer to the first longitudinal edge 18a, which forms a spine side of the security document 1, than to the further longitudinal edge 18b. The wave-shaped course encodes document-specific information, which is also information present in the security document 1, in particular a serial number of the security document 1. The information can be encoded in particular by properties of the wave-shaped course, e.g. a number of wave crests and wave troughs, a height of a wave crest and a wave trough, a width of a wave trough or a wave crest and other conceivable properties.

In 2 is a schematic block diagram of a device 14 according to the invention for producing a security document 1. The device 14 comprises an image capture device 9, a control and evaluation device 10 and a cutting device 11. The device 14 also comprises a holding device 15 for the security document 1. In 2 it is shown that the holding device 15 comprises a first holding plate 16a and a further holding plate 16b, which have a smaller format compared to the security document 1, wherein the security document 1 is clamped between the first and the further holding plate 16a, 16b.

Before the trimming, an image of the security document 1 in the closed state is generated by means of the image capture device 9. For this purpose, the security document 1 can be arranged in a capture area 17 of the image capture device 9. This can be done by means of a transport device (not shown). The security document 1 can also be transported from the capture area to the holding device 15 by means of this transport device.

By means of the image capture device 9, an image of the security document 1 is thus generated, which is then evaluated by means of the control and evaluation device 10. In particular, the format criteria explained above can be evaluated, whereby a spatial position and a form of a trimming trajectory 11 are determined depending on the result of this evaluation. Depending on the trimming trajectory 11 or the properties of the trimming trajectory 11, the control and evaluation device 10 can control the cutting device 11. In the 2 In the embodiment shown, the cutting device 11 is movable, for example along three spatial directions of a Cartesian coordinate system. The security document 1 is arranged in a stationary manner during the trimming process.

The cutting device 11 can be moved in such a way that it is moved along the trimming trajectory 11. The trimming is carried out by the at least one Cutting device 11 is moved along the complete trimming trajectory 11. The trimming is carried out continuously in time and space along this trimming trajectory 11.

The cutting device 11 can be designed, for example, as a water jet cutting device or a laser beam cutting device. Alternatively, the cutting device 11 can be designed as a milling or grinding device.

3 shows a schematic flow diagram of a method according to the invention. In a first step S1, a security document 1 in oversize format and with an overhang layer 6 is provided (see 1 ).

In a second step S2, the security document 1 in oversize format is placed in a detection area 17 of an image capture device 9 (see 2 ). An image, in particular a two-dimensional image, of the security document 1 is generated in the oversized format.

In a third step S3, an image-based evaluation of one or more format criteria is carried out, wherein a clipping trajectory 11 is determined depending on a result. In particular, a spatial position and shape of the clipping trajectory 11 are determined.

In a fourth step S4, the security document 1 is transferred to a holding device 15 (see 2 ) and fixed in place by means of the holding device 15.

In a fifth step S5, the trimming is carried out continuously in time and space along the trimming trajectory by a cutting device 11. The cutting device 11 is guided spatially along the entire trimming trajectory.

In 4 a schematic plan view of a portion of a security document 1 is shown.

In particular, a normal vector 22 is shown at a point of an uneven section 20 of a transverse edge 19a, wherein the normal vector 22 is oriented perpendicular to a tangential plane at the point of the section 20. It can be seen that this normal vector 22 encloses an angle with a longitudinal axis x of the security document 1 that is not equal to zero. In particular, the normal vector 22 comprises a directional component that is oriented parallel to a transverse axis y. The normal vector 22 can also comprise a directional component that is parallel to a vertical axis z (see e.g. 5 ) oriented. However, this is in 4 not shown.

5 shows a schematic longitudinal section through a security document 1. In particular, a normal vector 23 is shown at a point of a beveled section 20 of a transverse edge 19a, which is oriented perpendicular to a tangential plane at the point of the section 20. It can be seen that this normal vector 23 encloses an angle with a longitudinal axis x of the security document 1 that is not equal to zero. In particular, the normal vector 23 comprises a directional component that is oriented parallel to a vertical axis z. The normal vector 23 can also comprise a directional component that is parallel to a transverse axis y (see e.g. 4 ) oriented. However, this is in 5 not shown.

List of reference symbols

1

Security document

2a

first longitudinal edge

2b

second longitudinal edge

3a

first transverse edge

3b

second transverse edge

4

front

5

graphic element

6

Overhang position

7

Edge area of the overhang layer

8

optically detectable feature

9

Image capture device

10

Control and evaluation device

11

Cutting device

12a

straight section

12b

second straight section

12c

third straight section

13a

first curved section

13b

second curved section

14

device

15

Holding device

16a

first retaining plate

16b

second retaining plate

17

Detection range

18a

first longitudinal edge

18b

further longitudinal edge

19a

first transverse edge

19b

further transverse edge

20

Section

21

Section

22

Orientation arrow

S1

first step

S2

second step

S3

third step

S4

fourth step

S5

fifth step

Claims (10)

Method for producing a security document (1), wherein the security document (1) is provided in an oversize format, wherein the security document (1) is trimmed in at least one edge region, wherein the trimming produces an uneven and/or bevelled course of at least one section of a longitudinal edge (18a, 18b) and/or at least one section (20, 21) of a transverse edge (19a, 19b) of the security document (1), characterized in that the section (20, 21) with the uneven and/or bevelled course extends only over part of the height of the edge (18a, 18b, 19a, 19b). Procedure according to Claim 1 , characterized in that the uneven and/or bevelled course produces at least one elevation and/or at least one recess and/or at least one rounding and/or at least one bevel of the edge (18a, 18b, 19a, 19b). Procedure according to Claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the course encodes information. Procedure according to Claim 3 , characterized in that the history encodes information already present in the security document (1). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the history is a document-specific history. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the section (20, 21) is a section (20, 21) of a transverse edge (19a, 19b), wherein a center point of the section (20, 21) is arranged closer to a spine edge than to a longitudinal edge (18b) which is opposite the spine edge. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the trimming takes place along a trimming trajectory (11), the trimming is carried out continuously in time and space along the trimming trajectory (11). Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the trimming is carried out by milling, grinding, a cutting knife, a stylus knife or fluid jet cutting or laser beam cutting. Security document, in particular a book-like security document, wherein the security document (1) has at least one longitudinal edge (18a, 18b) and at least one transverse edge (19a, 19b), wherein at least one section of the longitudinal edge (18a, 18b) and/or at least one section (20, 21) of the transverse edge (19a, 19b) has an uneven and/or bevelled course, characterized in that the section (20, 21) with the uneven and/or bevelled course extends only over part of the height of the edge (18a, 18b, 19a, 19b). Device for producing a security document, wherein the device (14) comprises at least one cutting device (11) and at least one holding device (15) for the security document (1), wherein the cutting device (18) and/or the at least one holding device (15) is movable, wherein the security document (1) can be trimmed in at least one edge region, wherein the trimming takes place along a trimming trajectory (11), wherein an uneven and/or bevelled course of at least one section of a longitudinal edge (18a, 18b) and/or at least one section (20, 21) of a transverse edge (19a, 19b) of the security document (1) can be produced by the trimming, characterized in that the section (20, 21) with the uneven and/or bevelled course extends only over part of the height of the edge (18a, 18b, 19a, 19b).

Images