DE102019002495A1 - Ladder holder - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a fastening element for fastening a ladder to an object, for example to a scaffolding, comprising a fastening which is intended to be detachably fastened to an object, a ladder holder which is intended to grip around an element of a ladder or to be detachable to hold, a spacer and at least one joint, wherein the joint has at least one rotational degree of freedom, whereby the ladder holder is pivotable relative to the attachment. The invention further relates to a system for safely reaching people from scaffolding elements arranged above the floor with at least one fastening element and the use of a fastening element for fastening a ladder to an object.

Description

The invention relates to a fastening element for fastening a ladder to an object, for example to a scaffolding, comprising a fastening which is intended to be detachably fastened to an object, a ladder holder which is intended to grip around an element of a ladder or to be detachable to hold, a spacer and at least one joint, wherein the joint has at least one rotational degree of freedom, whereby the ladder holder is pivotable relative to the attachment. The invention further relates to a system for safely reaching people from scaffolding elements arranged above the floor with at least one fastening element and the use of a fastening element for fastening a ladder to an object.

When erecting buildings, ladders are required to enable people to climb and descend to elevated positions where they can work on the building. Scaffolding is often used from which this work is carried out. Ladders are required to reach the upper scaffolding levels. These ladders must be firmly connected to the scaffolding or to elements that belong directly to the building to be erected. Such a fixed connection is necessary to prevent the ladders from falling over or slipping accidentally when people use these ladders. Fastening elements are therefore required to secure the ladders to the scaffolding or building and thus prevent accidents at work. In some applications the ladders run purely vertically, also known as fixed ladders, in other applications the ladders are at an angle to the vertical, which facilitates ascent and descent. Such inclined ladders are also known as leaning ladders.

A very simple solution for connecting ladders to a scaffolding are simple hooks that are attached directly to the ladders and that are hooked onto the scaffolding or building using appropriate elements. However, this simple hook solution is easily detached from the object to which the ladder is to be attached and therefore offers little work safety.

Out GB2394748A and KR200460481Y1 Fastening elements are known which positively encompass the longitudinal spars of a ladder on one side and can be fastened to an object, for example a scaffolding element, on a second side with a screw clamp. These solutions are complex to assemble. In addition, with these solutions the longitudinal bars of the ladder rest directly on the object to which it is to be attached. As a result, a person who uses the ladder is hindered at the fastening point from the object on which the ladder rests when climbing up or down.

Out US2947555A a fastening element is known in which the conductor is frictionally clamped on one side and which can be firmly connected to an object on the other side via a screw clamp. However, this solution is complex to install. In addition, the angle of the ladder to the vertical can no longer be changed after the mounting element has been installed.

JP2011026770A discloses a fastener with which a ladder can be angularly attached to a platform. This solution is complex to assemble and is therefore not suitable for use on a construction site where the ladder has to be quickly assembled and disassembled. In addition, this fastener hinders the person using the ladder at the point of attachment.

It is therefore the object of the invention to propose a solution for the simple and at the same time secure attachment of a ladder that does not hinder people when using the ladder.

• - eine Befestigung, welche dazu vorgesehen ist, an einem Objekt lösbar fest befestigt zu werden,
• - einen Leiterhalter, welcher dazu vorgesehen ist, ein Element einer Leiter zu umgreifen oder lösbar fest zu halten,
• - ein Distanzstück, welches eine Erstreckungsachse aufweist, die sich von einem ersten Ende des Distanzstückes zu dessen zweiten, gegenüberliegenden Ende erstreckt und das Distanzstück zwischen Befestigung und Leiterhalter angeordnet ist,
• - und zumindest ein Gelenk welches zwischen Befestigung und Distanzstück, zwischen Distanzstück und Leiterhalter oder innerhalb des Distanzstückes zwischen zwei Teilen des Distanzstückes angeordnet ist, wobei das Gelenk zumindest einen rotatorischen Freiheitsgrad um eine Achse senkrecht zur Erstreckungsachse hat, wodurch der Leiterhalter relativ zur Befestigung verschwenkbar ist. Ein erfindungsgemäßes Befestigungselement weist im wesentlichen vier Hauptkomponenten auf. Als eine erste Hauptkomponente ist eine Befestigung vorgesehen, um das Befestigungselement lösbar fest mit einem Objekt, beispielsweise einem Gerüst, zu verbinden. Ein erfindungsgemäßes Befestigungselement ist jedoch nicht auf eine Befestigung an einem Gerüst beschränkt, sondern kann auch an anderen Objekten befestigt werden. Als zweite Hauptkomponente ist ein Leiterhalter vorgesehen, der dazu vorgesehen ist, ein Element einer Leiter aufzunehmen und zu halten. Günstiger Weise ist dieses Element einer Leiter einer derer Längsholme. Als dritte Hauptkomponente ist ein Distanzstück vorgesehen, welches zwischen Befestigung und Leiterhalter angeordnet ist. Dieses Distanzstück dient dazu, einen Abstand zwischen dem Objekt und der Leiter zu erzeugen. Schließlich ist als vierte Hauptkomponente ein Gelenk vorgesehen, welches eine Beweglichkeit zwischen Befestigung und Leiterhalter erzeugt. Das Gelenk kann dabei erfindungsgemäß an verschiedenen Positionen angeordnet sein. Eine besonders günstige Position des Gelenkes ist zwischen Distanzstück und Leiterhalter. In dieser Ausführungsform ist das Distanzstück starr mit der Befestigung verbunden. Die Verbindung zwischen Distanzstück und Leiterhalter ist dagegen durch das Gelenk beweglich ausgeführt. Somit kann der Leiterhalter um das Gelenk relativ zur Befestigung bewegt werden. Alternativ kann das Gelenk auch zwischen Befestigung und Distanzstück angeordnet sein, wobei dann die Verbindung von Distanzstück mit dem Leiterhalter starr ausgeführt ist. In einer dritten erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsform ist das Gelenk im Distanzstück, d.h. zwischen zwei Teilstücken des Distanzstückes angeordnet. Somit wird durch ein derart positioniertes Gelenk eine Beweglichkeit innerhalb des Distanzstückes erzeugt. Die beiden vom Gelenk abgewandten Enden des Distanzstückes sind dann jeweils starr mit der Befestigung und dem Leiterhalter verbunden. Das Distanzstück kann in allen Ausführungsformen stabförmig ausgeführt sein, das bedeutet seine Längendimension ist deutlich länger als seine Breiten- und Tiefendimension. Das Distanzstück durchläuft eine Erstreckungsachse, die sich von seinem ersten Ende, welches zur Befestigung weist zu seinem zweiten Ende, welches zum Leiterhalter weist, erstreckt. Das Gelenk weist erfindungsgemäß zumindest einen rotatorischen Freiheitsgrad um eine Achse auf, die senkrecht zur Erstreckungsachse steht. Bei montierten Befestigungselement, in dem Zustand in dem die Befestigung an einem Objekt befestigt ist und im Leiterhalter eine Leiter befestigt ist, kann um das Gelenk die Leiter gegenüber der Vertikalen verschwenkt werden. Durch das Gelenk kann eine eingespannte Leiter somit in ihrem Steigwinkel verändert werden und damit bequem von einer Steigleiter in eine Anlegeleiter und umgekehrt überführt werden. Das Gelenk kann auch weitere Freiheitsgrade aufweisen, essenziell für die

This object of the invention is achieved by a fastening element for fastening a ladder to an object, for example to a framework

• - an attachment which is intended to be releasably fixed to an object,
• - a ladder holder, which is intended to grip an element of a ladder or to hold it releasably,
• - A spacer which has an axis of extension which extends from a first end of the spacer to its second, opposite end and the spacer is arranged between the attachment and the conductor holder,
• - And at least one joint which is arranged between the attachment and the spacer, between the spacer and the conductor holder or within the spacer between two parts of the spacer, the joint having at least one rotational degree of freedom about an axis perpendicular to the axis of extension, whereby the conductor holder can be pivoted relative to the fastening . A fastening element according to the invention has essentially four main components. A fastening is provided as a first main component in order to releasably connect the fastening element to an object, for example a scaffold. However, a fastener according to the invention is not on a Attachment to a scaffold is limited, but can also be attached to other objects. A ladder holder is provided as the second main component, which is provided to receive and hold an element of a ladder. Conveniently, this element of a ladder is one of their longitudinal struts. A spacer is provided as the third main component, which is arranged between the attachment and the conductor holder. This spacer is used to create a distance between the object and the conductor. Finally, a joint is provided as the fourth main component, which creates mobility between the attachment and the ladder holder. According to the invention, the joint can be arranged in different positions. A particularly favorable position of the joint is between the spacer and the ladder holder. In this embodiment, the spacer is rigidly connected to the attachment. The connection between the spacer and the ladder holder is made movable by the joint. Thus, the ladder holder can be moved around the joint relative to the fastening. Alternatively, the joint can also be arranged between the attachment and the spacer, in which case the connection of the spacer to the ladder holder is rigid. In a third embodiment according to the invention, the joint is arranged in the spacer, ie between two sections of the spacer. Thus, a joint positioned in this way creates mobility within the spacer. The two ends of the spacer facing away from the joint are then each rigidly connected to the attachment and the ladder holder. The spacer can be designed rod-shaped in all embodiments, that is, its length dimension is significantly longer than its width and depth dimensions. The spacer passes through an axis of extension which extends from its first end, which faces the fastening, to its second end, which faces the conductor holder. According to the invention, the joint has at least one rotational degree of freedom about an axis which is perpendicular to the axis of extension. When the fastening element is installed, in the state in which the fastening is fastened to an object and a ladder is fastened in the ladder holder, the ladder can be pivoted relative to the vertical about the joint. Through the joint, a clamped ladder can be changed in its climbing angle and thus easily transferred from a fixed ladder to a leaning ladder and vice versa. The joint can also have further degrees of freedom, which is essential for the

However, the invention is the described degree of freedom about an axis perpendicular to the axis of extension. A fastening element according to the invention offers several advantages over the prior art. The fastening element is very flexible, since both the fastening and the ladder holder can be easily adapted to the circumstances on site. A fastening element can thus be adapted for fastening to many different objects, in particular scaffolding components. In addition, many different types of ladders can be held in the ladder holder. The joint, in particular with only one rotational degree of freedom, offers a further advantage over the prior art. The climbing angle of the securely fastened ladder can be adjusted if necessary without loosening the fastening element. However, other movements of the ladder are not possible, so that there is a very high level of work safety. Finally, the spacer creates a distance between the object and the conductor held in the conductor holder. As a result of this distance, a person using the ladder is nowhere hindered by the object, which in the prior art is often very close to the ladder in the vicinity of one or more rungs. By means of a fastening element according to the invention with a spacer, all rungs of the ladder can be stepped on without hindrance, since the ladder runs a bit away from the object. Because the distance is produced by a rod-shaped spacer, the fastening element according to the invention does not have any heavy components and is therefore very light overall. It can thus be easily transported and assembled.

In one embodiment it is provided that the fastening has at least two elements which can be changed in their position relative to one another. More detailed configurations for fastening can be found in the subclaims and in the description below.

In a further embodiment it is provided that the conductor holder has at least two elements which can be changed in their position relative to one another. An element of a ladder is clamped between these two elements.

In a further embodiment it is provided that the spacer is designed in the form of a rod. A rod-shaped spacer has a length that is significantly larger than its width and depth dimensions. This shape is particularly advantageous because the required distance from the ladder to the object is produced by the length dimension and the spacer has little volume and therefore little weight due to the smaller width and depth dimensions. In this Embodiment, the fastening element is particularly light and therefore easy to attach.

In a further embodiment it is provided that all the connection points between the fastening, spacer and conductor holder, except for the connection point formed by the joint, are made rigid. In this embodiment it is ensured that, when the fastening element is mounted, the conductor is guided in one point or movable around an axis relative to the object. This is achieved in that there is only one movable connection point between the attachment and the conductor holder. It is avoided that uncontrolled movements occur simultaneously at several points between the attachment and the ladder holder. Such a targeted guidance of the movement of the ladder relative to the object serves for occupational safety.

Furthermore, the proposal advantageously provides that the joint is a ball joint. In this embodiment, the joint has more than one rotational degree of freedom. This embodiment is particularly advantageous in order to prevent tension that occurs when a ladder is fastened to a rigid object with two fastening elements. A ladder is usually attached to an object with a fastening element on each of its longitudinal struts.

In a preferred embodiment of the proposal it is provided that the fastening has a fastening receptacle and a fastening bolt, the fastening receptacle being provided to enclose an object on at least three sides and the fastening bolt being insertable into the fastening receptacle and the fastening bolt being provided in the in the fastening receptacle inserted state the fastening ( 2 ). In this embodiment, the attachment is particularly easy and quick to attach to an object. For this purpose, a fastening receptacle is provided which is pushed over the object and then encloses it on at least three sides. The object is then completely enclosed by a fastening bar which can be inserted into the fastening receptacle and which surrounds the object in the inserted state on the fourth side. To release the fastening from the object, only the fastening bar has to be pulled out of the fastening receptacle again before the fastening receptacle can be pulled off the object.

Furthermore, it is provided that the fastening receptacle has a base plate, one side of which rests on the object in the mounted state on the object and the spacer is fastened to the opposite side, both sides of the base plate being designed to be flat. In this embodiment, the fastening receptacle has a base plate with two flat surfaces parallel to one another. One of these surfaces rests on the object, the spacer is attached or articulated to the other, opposite surface.

In an advantageous embodiment it is provided that the extension axis of the spacer runs at right angles to the sides of the base plate or runs inclined to a normal to the sides of the base plate by an angle of up to 40 °. In this embodiment, the spacer is rigidly attached to the base plate. In the case of a right-angled arrangement of the axis of extension to the base plate, the spacer points away from this base plate. This ensures that the spacer actually creates the desired distance between the object and the ladder, which is necessary for unobstructed access to the ladder. An arrangement at a slightly inclined angle between the axis of extension and the surface of the base plate is also beneficial for producing the desired spacing.

Cleverly it is provided that the fastening receptacle has a substantially U-shaped cross section and the inner sides of the two legs of the U and the area connecting the two legs of the U are intended to rest on the object and to enclose it on three sides. In this embodiment, the mounting bracket consists of three elements that are connected to one another in the manner of a U. A central area, which is formed by a plate-shaped element, is adjoined on two sides by two further plate-shaped elements, each arranged at right angles to the central area. This U-shape is particularly suitable for enclosing a cuboid element on three sides. The framework elements to which the fastening element is attached are usually designed in such a cuboid shape.

In a further preferred embodiment it is provided that the fastening receptacle has at least two slots into which the fastening bar can be inserted for fixing the object in the fastening receptacle. Since the embodiment described above only encloses the object on three sides, the fourth side of the object must also be enclosed in order to fix the fastening element, in particular the fastening. This fourth side is enclosed by the fastening bar inserted into the fastening receptacle. For secure storage and holding of the fastening bar in the fastening receptacle, it has at least two slots into which the fastening bar is inserted for fixing the fastening to the object. The two slots are included slightly larger than the cross-section of the fastening bar.

Furthermore, it is advantageously provided that the fastening bar is designed in the shape of a wedge. A wedge-shaped fastening bar is particularly favorable. Due to the wedge shape, the fastening bar is clamped into the slots when it is inserted. By applying a force in the longitudinal direction to the fastening bar, it is fixed in one or both slots with a force fit. To release the fastening bar, a light blow of the hammer on its underside is sufficient to release the frictional fixing again. This embodiment can be attached to the object particularly quickly and easily, in particular because no screw connections have to be made. The fastening holder is simply pushed over the object, the fastening bar is inserted into the slots and fixed by a slight normal force. These steps can be carried out quickly and easily.

It is advantageously provided that the base plate forms the area which connects the two legs of the U-shaped fastening receptacle and the slots for receiving the fastening bar are arranged in the limbs of the U of the fastening receptacle. In this embodiment, the fastening bar is arranged in the fastening in such a way that it penetrates the two legs of the fastening receptacle through the slots provided therein. In this embodiment, one of the two legs is pushed over the object, oriented vertically upwards. However, other arrangements are also conceivable, for example an embodiment in which the central area of the U rests on the object, oriented vertically upwards, when used. In this case, the two legs of the U then rest on the side surfaces of the object. The fastening wedge can be aligned both vertically and horizontally in the application.

In a preferred embodiment of the proposal it is provided that the ladder holder has a base part and a holding element, the holding element being releasably connectable to the base part and the holding element in operative connection with the base part being provided to grip around an element of a ladder. In this embodiment, the two elements of the conductor holder which are movable in their position relative to one another are formed by a base part and a holding element. These two elements are intended to hold one element of the ladder.

Furthermore, it is advantageously provided in the proposal that the base part of the ladder holder has at least one at least partially planar bearing surface which, in the neutral position of the joint, runs essentially perpendicular to the axis of extension of the spacer. In this embodiment, the holding element has a flat surface on which a surface of an element of the conductor is placed. This flat contact surface enables an optimal transmission of force between the conductor and the fastening element in the case in which the conductor element that is held also has a flat surface. This is usually the case when the conductor element has a rectangular cross section.

Furthermore, it is provided that a curved recess is provided in a partial area of the support surface. In this embodiment, a curved recess is provided adjacent to or as a part of the previously described flat support surface. This curved recess is used to grip and hold a conductor element which does not have a flat support surface. This is the case when the conductor element has a round or oval cross-section. In this case, the conductor element rests exclusively in the curved recess on the base part. This embodiment is particularly advantageous because it enables both conductor elements with a rectangular cross section and conductor elements with a round or oval cross section to be securely fixed. A single fastening element can thus be used safely for different ladders.

In an advantageous embodiment, it is provided that adjacent to the support surface on two sides each flat side surfaces are arranged at right angles to the support surface. The flat side surfaces described serve in combination with the flat support surface described above to laterally fix conductor elements with a rectangular cross section.

It is cleverly provided that planar bevels are arranged adjacent to the side surfaces on the side facing away from the support surface, which bevels form an angle of less than 90 ° to the side surfaces. These chamfers in turn adjoin the previously described side surfaces and are arranged at an angle to the rear from their surface. These chamfers are intended to hold conductor elements with a round or oval cross-section, either alone or in combination with the curved recess described above. These chamfers also improve the property of the conductor holder or the fastening element of securely holding conductors of different types, in particular with different cross-sections of the conductor elements.

In a further preferred embodiment it is provided that adjacent to the side surfaces on the side facing away from the support surface Side each curved receiving areas are arranged. This alternative embodiment has, instead of the flat bevels described above, curved receiving areas adjoining the side surfaces. These curved receiving areas are also provided to hold conductor elements with a round or oval cross-section.

Furthermore, it is advantageously provided that the holding element has a bearing surface, at least two side surfaces and / or at least two chamfers, these surfaces being designed analogously to the corresponding surfaces on the base part. In general, it is particularly favorable to provide, opposite to the base part, similar receiving surfaces for a conductor element on the holding element cooperating with the base part. A mirrored design is particularly favorable, in which the type and dimensions of the surfaces on the base element correspond to the surfaces on the holding element. This enables the conductor element to be accommodated symmetrically in the conductor holder. The support surface and the other surfaces, which serve to receive and hold a conductor element, are thus designed analogously on the holding element arranged opposite the base part.

Furthermore, it is provided that the at least one screw connection is provided which connects the holding element to the base element and in this connection the contact surface of the base part is arranged opposite the contact surface of the holding element. In this embodiment, the holding elements and the base element are aligned with one another and pulled together, but advantageously by two screw connections. The conductors are fixed by tightening the screw connection (s). The advantage of screw connections is that screws of different lengths can be used and the conductor holder can thus be easily adapted to different dimensions of conductor elements. A disadvantage of screw connections is that the tightening of these connections is more complex than, for example, in an embodiment described below with a differently designed locking mechanism.

It is advantageously provided that the base part and the holding element are designed in the form of a bow and have a central area in which the bearing surfaces are arranged, connecting legs being arranged adjacent to this central area on both sides. In this embodiment, the base part and the holding element are bow-shaped. A central area in which the bearing surfaces are arranged on the inside are adjoined by connecting legs on both sides. These connecting legs also have a flat surface which is used to connect to the respective opposite element. These surfaces of the connecting legs run parallel to the bearing surfaces, but are arranged offset from them due to the bow shape. The bearing surfaces are set back in relation to the surfaces of the connecting legs which are used for the connection. With this arrangement, when the connecting legs of the base part and the holding element are placed on top of one another, a receiving space for a conductor element is created between the set-back support surfaces.

Furthermore, the proposal advantageously provides that the base part and the holding element are movably connected to one another at one of their connecting legs by means of a swivel joint and a locking mechanism is arranged on the opposite connecting legs, by means of which the two connecting legs can be releasably and firmly locked to one another. This embodiment represents an alternative to the previously described embodiment with screw connections between the base part and the holding element. In this embodiment, the base part and the holding element are movably connected on one side via a swivel joint, which enables the holding element to be opened and closed. A locking mechanism is arranged on the side opposite the swivel joint, which is used to fix the holding element in relation to the base part when the conductor is received.

In a preferred embodiment of the proposal it is provided that the locking mechanism comprises a rod-shaped pivot pin which is firmly connected to a pivot axis arranged at right angles to the pivot pin, the pivot axis being rotatably received and supported in a recess of the connecting leg of the base part and the pivot pin at least one pin slot and the connecting leg of the holding part has a locking recess running in the longitudinal direction of the holding part, which is open on the side of the connecting leg facing away from the support surface and the pivot pin can be pivoted into the locking recess and the locking mechanism further comprises a wedge-shaped bolt that can be inserted into the pin slot is. This embodiment represents a particularly easy-to-use solution for receiving and fixing a ladder element in the ladder holder. The last step of fixing the holding element to the base part is successful by introducing a wedge-shaped bolt. This latch is simply inserted into the mortise of a pivot pin. This fixing of the holding element to the base part can be carried out particularly quickly and easily. No tools are required and none are required Screw connections are tightened, which simplifies and accelerates the fixing of the conductor.

Furthermore, it is provided that the locking mechanism can assume an open state and a locked state, wherein in the open state the bolt is removed from the pin slot and the pivot pin is pivoted about the pivot axis on the side of the base part facing away from the pivot joint, so that the The pivot pin is not located in the locking recess, so that the retaining element can be pivoted around the pivot joint away from the base part and in the locked state the connecting legs of the base part and the retaining element rest on one another, the pivot pin is pivoted about the pivot axis into the locking recess and the bolt is inserted into the pin slot so that the bolt presses against the connecting leg and thus locks the retaining element to the base part. The locking mechanism can assume an open and a locked state. The transition from one state to the other is possible with just a few simple steps. As a result, the conductor holder can be quickly and easily connected to a conductor element and also separated from it again. This enables the ladder to be quickly fixed to an object.

In a further preferred embodiment it is provided that the fastening has a fastening base part and a fastening holding element, the fastening holding element being firmly connectable to the fastening base part and the fastening holding element in operative connection with the fastening base part being provided to grip around an object and the fastening at least one, advantageously has two screw connections which connect the fastening retainer element to the fastening base element. In this alternative embodiment, the two elements of the fastening, which can be changed in their position relative to one another, are formed by a fastening base part and a fastening holding element. In this embodiment, the fastening is carried out similarly or analogously to the first described embodiment of the conductor holder. In this embodiment, the object is held between the fastening base part and a fastening holding element. These two elements are connected to one another by two screw connections. The fastening base part and the fastening holding element are shaped in such a way that they together form a receiving space for the object. For this purpose, support surfaces, side surfaces, bevels and curved recesses are provided analogously to the embodiment described above for the conductor holder. To attach the attachment to the object, the attachment base is first placed on the object and then the attachment holder element is connected to the attachment base via the screw connections in such a way that the attachment clamps the object and thus fixes it to it. This embodiment offers the advantage that it can be adapted very easily to different dimensions of objects using different screw lengths. The disadvantage of this embodiment is that the connection by screw connections is more time-consuming than the embodiment described above with a fastening receptacle and a fastening bolt. In general, different embodiments of fastening can be freely combined with different embodiments of conductor holders for a fastening element. All such combinations are considered to be disclosed.

• - zumindest ein Befestigungselement nach einer der zuvor beschriebenen Ausführungsformen,
• - zumindest eine Leiter,
• - ein Gerüst, welches zumindest ein Objekt aufweist, welches zur Verbindung mit der Leiter vorgesehen ist,

wobei die Befestigung des Befestigungselementes mit dem Objekt verbunden ist und der Leiterhalter des Befestigungselementes mit einem Längsholm der Leiter verbunden ist.The object of the invention is also achieved by a system for safely reaching people from scaffolding elements arranged above the floor

• - At least one fastening element according to one of the embodiments described above,
• - at least one ladder,
• - a scaffolding which has at least one object which is intended for connection to the ladder,

wherein the fastening of the fastening element is connected to the object and the ladder holder of the fastening element is connected to a longitudinal spar of the ladder.

A system according to the invention consists of the elements fastening element, ladder and scaffolding. These elements are interconnected so that the ladder is securely attached to the scaffolding. It is particularly advantageous that the ladder can be moved to a limited extent with respect to the object which belongs to the framework and to which the ladder is attached by the fastening element, due to the inherently movable fastening element. This limited mobility makes it possible to transfer the ladder from a purely vertical orientation to an inclined orientation without the system according to the invention having to be dismantled. A system according to the invention is thus flexible, easy to assemble and ensures a high level of work safety.

The object of the invention is finally achieved by the use of a fastening element according to one of the embodiments described above for fastening a ladder to an object, the object being part of a framework. The use according to the invention enables a work ladder to be securely and flexibly attached to an object, for example a scaffolding element. The same advantages apply to the use as previously described for the fastener and the system.

• 1 eine perspektivische Ansicht einer ersten Ausführungsform eines Befestigungselementes,
• 2 eine Seitenansicht einer ersten Ausführungsform eines Befestigungselementes,
• 3 eine Draufsicht auf eine erste Ausführungsform eines Befestigungselementes,
• 4 eine perspektivische Ansicht einer zweiten Ausführungsform eines Befestigungselementes,
• 5 eine Seitenansicht einer zweiten Ausführungsform eines Befestigungselementes,
• 6 eine Draufsicht auf eine zweite Ausführungsforin eines Befestigungselementes,
• 7 eine Draufsicht auf eine zweite Ausführungsform eines Befestigungselementes mit Kennzeichnung der Schnittebene für 8,
• 8 eine geschnittene Seitenansicht einer zweiten Ausführungsform eines Befestigungselementes.

In the figures, embodiments of the invention are shown schematically. Show it

• 1 a perspective view of a first embodiment of a fastening element,
• 2 a side view of a first embodiment of a fastening element,
• 3 a plan view of a first embodiment of a fastening element,
• 4th a perspective view of a second embodiment of a fastening element,
• 5 a side view of a second embodiment of a fastening element,
• 6th a plan view of a second Ausführungsforin a fastening element,
• 7th a plan view of a second embodiment of a fastening element with identification of the cutting plane for 8th ,
• 8th a sectional side view of a second embodiment of a fastening element.

In the figures, the same elements are provided with the same reference symbols. In general, the described properties of an element which are described for one figure also apply to the other figures. Directional indications as above or below relate to the figure described and are to be transferred accordingly to other figures.

1 shows a perspective view of a first embodiment of a fastening element 1 . The fastener 1 comprises two assemblies: the fastening shown at the back 2 , which is intended to be connected to an object to which a ladder is to be attached and a ladder holder shown at the front 3 , which is intended to be permanently connected to a ladder. Of course, you can use a fastener 1 other elements, such as pipelines or the like, can also be connected to an object instead of a ladder. The ladder holder 3 is movable with the attachment 2 connected. This makes it possible with the fastening element installed 1 the ladder holder within certain limits relative to the attachment 2 to pivot. This can adjust the angle of the ladder that is in the ladder holder 3 is attached to the object to be changed.

The fortification 2 has a rigid mounting seat 21st which is guided over the object during assembly. In the embodiment shown, the fastening receptacle is 21st When viewed from the side, it is essentially U-shaped and has a centrally arranged base plate 24 on, on both sides of which legs arranged at right angles are attached. After sliding on the mounting bracket 21st The fastening mount surrounds the object 21st the object from three sides. The are in the direction of the inside of the mounting receptacle 21st facing sides or surfaces of the base plate 24 and the two adjacent legs on the object or are very close to the object. For secure fastening of the attachment 2 is the fastening bar 22nd intended. The fastening bar 22nd is wedge-shaped in the embodiment shown. The fastening bar 22nd is in two slots 211 in the mounting bracket 21st introduced and cooperates with them. When assembling the fastening 2 is first the mounting bracket 21st pushed over the object. Then the fastening bar 22nd in the two slots 211 brought in. This locks the fastening bolt 22nd the object in the fixture 2 . Usually the fastening bar 22nd attached to its upper end with hammer blows. However, the fastening bolt falls 22nd by the force of gravity acting on it by itself into the slots 211 and thereby creates a first fixation of the fastening 2 . The fastener 1 can therefore be fixed to the object with little effort and very easily. The one in the mounting bracket 21st introduced fastening bolts 22nd then includes the object on its fourth side that is not from the fastening receptacle 21st is enclosed. The fortification 2 is simple and robust and can be attached to the object quickly and easily. In contrast to the prior art, when mounting the fastening 2 no screw connections are attached, which significantly speeds up assembly. In the in 1 upwardly facing leg of the fastening receptacle 21st is adjacent to the slot 211 a catch area selected upwards 212 educated. This catch area 212 represents a bulge of the upper leg upwards. The slot 211 penetrates the capture area 212 . At the bottom of the fastening bar 22nd is a safety bolt 221 appropriate. This safety bolt 221 stands in the direction of the thickness over the fastening bar 22nd out. The one in the in 1 The leg of the mounting bracket shown below 21st is at the slot made there 211 a recess 213 arranged, which is provided for pushing through the protruding securing bolt 221 to enable. Starting from the state shown, the fastening bar 22nd lifted upwards, causing the fastening bolt 22nd the lower slot 211 leaves. The safety bolt will pass 221 the recess 213 . Becomes the fastening bar 22nd pulled out further upwards, the safety bolt strikes 221 finally in the catch area 212 on. The fastening bar 22nd can then no longer be moved upwards and is therefore with the mounting bracket 21st connected. This fuse is used to ensure that the fastening bolt 22nd cannot be lost and can fall out during assembly, for example. In the whole moved state of the fastening bar 22nd the securing bolt is located 221 then in the capture area, creating the rearward facing opening of the mounting receptacle 21st is freely accessible and in particular neither the fastening bolt 22nd nor the safety bolt 221 stand in the opening. As a result, the fastening receptacle can be pushed over the object without obstruction. Then the fastening bar 22nd moved down, then penetrates the slot 211 in the lower leg and then secures the mounting bracket 21st on the object. The attachment 2 can instead of the previously described embodiment with the U-shaped mounting receptacle 21st in cooperation with the fastening bar 22nd also be made in two parts, the two parts of the fastening 2 be connected to each other via screw connections. The attachment 2 can therefore also be used in the same way as the ladder holder described below 3 be executed. The provision of screw connections on the fastening 2 has the advantage that screw connections allow objects of different sizes to be accommodated. One embodiment of a fastening 2 analogous to the ladder holder 3 is selected when the objects to be encompassed have different dimensions or the fastening 2 should be suitable for holding various objects.

The attachment 2 is fixed in this embodiment with a spacer 8th connected, which in the illustrated embodiment on the from the fastening bolt 22nd groundbreaking side of the base plate 24 is arranged. The spacer 8th however, it can also be attached to one of the two legs of the U-shaped mounting receptacle 21st be arranged. The spacer 8th serves to hold the ladder holder 3 objected to fixing 2 to arrange. This distance is important so that the ladder holder is 3 attached ladder is at a distance from the object. As a result, a person who uses the ladder is neither affected by the fastener 1 still hindered by the object when climbing the ladder. This represents a significant advantage over the prior art, since all rungs of the ladder can be used without restriction. The spacer 8th is designed as a rod. A rod-shaped design is understood to mean that the length dimension of the spacer 8th is significantly larger than its width and depth dimensions. In the case shown, the spacer is 8th cylindrical. It is of course also possible for the spacer to have an angular cross section. The spacer 8th has an axis of extent 81 on, which in the middle in the direction of the length dimension of the spacer 8th runs. The axis of extension 81 runs between a first end of the spacer 8th , which is firmly attached to the mounting bracket 21st is connected to a second, opposite end of the spacer 8th , which is movable with the ladder holder 3 connected is. The axis of extension 81 is an imaginary axis that serves to increase the mobility of the ladder holder 3 for fixing 2 to describe and the alignment of the spacer is 8 for mounting mount 21st define. In the embodiment shown, the axis of extension runs 81 from the base plate 24 tilted off slightly upwards. The axis of extension 81 thus stands opposite a normal on the base plate 24 inclined at an angle of about 25 °. It is also possible to use the extension axis 81 directly perpendicular to the surface of the base plate 24 to arrange. Because the spacer 8th ensures that in the assembled state of the fastening element 1 All rungs of the attached ladder can be walked on without hindrance, as shown, a slight inclination of the spacer 8 upwards is particularly advantageous. This allows the ladder holder 3 attached ladder can be attached particularly well at an angle slightly inclined with respect to the vertical. Other embodiments are also conceivable in which the spacer 24 not with the central base plate 24 , but with one of the two legs, which are arranged on both sides of the base plate. In addition, the spacer 8th also at a corner between the central base plate 24 and one of the two legs adjacent to it.

On the one from the mounting bracket 21st leading end of the spacer is 8 is a hinge 4th arranged, which in 1 from the ladder holder 3 is covered. This joint 4th is for example in 2 better to recognize and in 8th shown in a sectional view. The joint 4th ensures mobility of the ladder holder 3 opposite the attachment 2 or opposite the spacer 8th . The ladder holder 3 is around the joint 4th pivotable for attachment 2 executed. In an alternative embodiment, the joint 4th also between the spacer 8th and the attachment 2 be arranged. In this alternative embodiment, the spacer is 8th firmly to the ladder holder 3 connected. In this alternative embodiment, there is mobility between the fastening 2 and the rigid with the ladder holder 3 connected spacer 8th . To one in the ladder holder 3 The hinge has the ability to pivot attached conductors from an exactly vertical orientation into an orientation that is inclined with respect to the vertical 4th at least one rotational degree of freedom about an axis perpendicular to that described above Axis of extension 81 stands. The axis around which the ladder holder is usually located 3 is pivotable on the one hand perpendicular to the axis of extension 81 and on the other hand runs in the assembled state of the fastening element 1 horizontal. A mobility around a horizontal axis of the joint 4th enables the above-described adjustment of the angle of the ladder to the vertical. Of course, the joint can 4th also have further degrees of freedom about axes which are also perpendicular to the axis of extension 81 stand. It has been found to be particularly favorable that the joint 4th run as a ball joint, which has several rotational degrees of freedom. There are usually two fasteners per conductor 1 used, one on each longitudinal stile of the ladder. In this case it can happen that due to the overall combination of conductor and two fastening elements 1 no longer all rotational degrees of freedom of a joint designed as a ball joint 4th can be moved freely. For example, there is a rotary movement about the axis of extension 81 then no longer possible because this degree of freedom is blocked by the overall network.

On the fortification 2 opposite side of the joint 4th is the ladder holder 3 arranged the one with the joint 4th connected base part 31 and one on the base 31 releasably firmly connectable retaining element 32 includes. The ladder to be attached is between the base part 31 and holding element 32 attached, in particular clamped. To accommodate the ladder, in particular to accommodate a longitudinal beam of the ladder, have a base part 31 and holding element 32 several contact surfaces that rest on the ladder when the ladder is attached. Centrally arranged in the base part 31 is an at least partially planar support surface 311 . Such a flat support surface 311 is particularly well suited to holding or tensioning a ladder stile with a rectangular cross-section, which also has flat outer surfaces. However, to use the same ladder holder 3 The support surface also has the ability to securely attach ladder rails with a round or oval cross-section 311 a centrally arranged curved recess 312 on. When a ladder stile with a round cross-section is received, it touches a curved recess 312 the ladder stile and holds it tight. On the holding element 32 is opposite to the base part when assembled 31 also a support surface 321 with a corresponding recess 322 intended. This is especially good in the top view 3 to recognize. In the embodiment shown, both the base part 31 as well as holding element 32 Executed bow-shaped. In the area of the contact surfaces 311 and 321 is the central part of the bracket. Adjacent to this central part are connecting legs on two opposite sides 315 or. 325 arranged. The connecting legs 315 or. 325 the embodiment in 1 correspond to the in 4th illustrated embodiment. This connecting leg 315 or. 325 are opposite the support surfaces 311 or. 321 staggered. The connecting legs 315 or. 325 each stand in the direction of the support surfaces 311 or. 321 inside the ladder holder 3 in front. The connecting legs are used to fasten the conductors 315 or. 325 placed on top of one another and connected to one another. Inside the ladder holder 3 This creates a space to accommodate the ladder, which is on opposite sides of the support surfaces 311 or. 321 is limited. The support surfaces 311 or. 321 are thus viewed the other way around compared to the connecting legs 315 or. 325 set back to form a space for the ladder. In the in 1 to 3 illustrated embodiment are base part 31 and holding element 32 by two screw connections 33 connected with each other. These screw connections 33 are through recesses in the connecting legs 315 or. 325 guided. For fastening the ladder in the ladder holder 3 the screw connections 33 tightened, whereby the retaining element 32 to the base part 31 is pulled and thereby the conductor is clamped or enclosed. Of course, the connection of the holding element 32 with base part 31 can also be made by other connection mechanisms, such as in the 4th to 6th is shown. For removing the ladder from the ladder holder 3 then either one or both screw connections 33 released, the holding element 32 relative to the base part 31 pivoted or removed, and the ladder out of the ladder holder 3 taken. The fastening too 2 can in an alternative embodiment analogous to the ladder holder 3 be designed and include two bow-shaped elements that are pulled together with two screw connections. The embodiment with screw connections has both the ladder holder 3 as well as the fastening 2 the advantage that ladder rails or objects with different dimensions can be picked up very easily. Longer screw connections can simply be provided to accommodate ladder stiles or objects with larger dimensions. A ladder holder can thus be used over the length of the screw connections 3 in the illustrated embodiment can be adapted to different embodiments of a ladder.

2 shows a side view of a first embodiment of a fastening element 1 . The attachment is shown on the left 2 fixed to the spacer in the middle 8th connected is. The spacer 8th is about the joint 4th movable with the ladder holder on the right 3 connected. Alternatively, the spacer 8th also firmly with the ladder holder 3 be connected and the joint 4th between the spacer 8th and the attachment 2 be arranged. The joint 4th is designed as a ball joint. A sectional view of such a ball joint is shown in FIG 8th shown and described. The axis of extension is shown in dashed lines 81 that from the first, firmly with the fastening 2 connected end of the spacer 8th to the second end of which the joint runs 4th is arranged. The axis of extension 81 runs parallel to the length dimension 82 of the spacer 8th . in the embodiment shown, this length dimension is 82 60 mm. Of course, other dimensions are also possible for the length dimension 82 belonging to the invention. The length dimension is favorable 82 in the range of 10-100 mm. The joint 4th comprises at least one rotational degree of freedom about an axis that is perpendicular to the axis of extension 82 runs and at the same time, in the embodiment shown, runs into the plane of the drawing. This allows the ladder holder to move 3 in the by the double arrow 83 marked direction allows. This by the double arrow 83 The mobility shown allows an adaptation of the ladder holder 3 clamped ladder opposite the vertical. The ends of spacer 8th and ladder holder 3 that lead to the joint 4th points are accordingly withdrawn at their edges to allow mobility in the direction of the double arrow 83 to enable. In the side view in 2 it is easy to see that the one at the bottom of the fastening bar 22nd arranged securing bolts 221 when the fastening bar is pulled up 22nd in the catch area 212 fits. The department 212 has an upward bulge that is slightly larger than the dimensions of the locking bolt 221 is executed.

3 shows a plan view of a first embodiment of a fastening element 1 . In 3 the areas that come into contact with the ladder when it is fastened are particularly easy to recognize. The arrangement of these surfaces is illustrated using the example of the base part 31 described. On the opposite side on the retaining element 32 Corresponding surfaces are arranged in the same way, for which the same spatial relationships apply to one another as they do for the base part 31 are described. Central, directly adjacent to the attachment of the joint 4th is the at least partially flat support surface 311 to see. In the support surface 311 are centrally curved recesses 312 arranged, which serve to accommodate round or oval conductor elements. Adjacent and arranged at right angles are flat side surfaces on two sides 313 intended. Again adjacent to these side surfaces 313 are both chamfers 314 . The surfaces of these chamfers 314 are opposite the surfaces of the side faces 313 away from the central support surface 311 inclined and typically take an angle of 45 ° to this. Of course, the chamfers 314 also at another angle that is smaller than 90 ° with respect to the side surfaces 313 be inclined. The bevels 314 like the curved recess 312 , the task of accessing or receiving conductor elements with a round or oval cross-section. When fastening a ladder in the ladder holder 3 , which has a rectangular cross-section, the conductor comes into operative connection with the flat contact surfaces 311 or. 321 and the flat side surfaces 313 . When a conductor with a round cross section is received, it comes into operative connection with the curved recesses 312 and the bevels 314 . Due to the selected and shown geometry of the surfaces, it is possible to use a single ladder holder 3 securely attach ladders with a rectangular cross-section as well as with a round or oval cross-section. On the side of the retaining element 32 are analogous to the basic part 31 the tarpaulin support surface 321 , the side faces 323 and the bevels 328 arranged. Also a curved recess 322 is analogous in the support surface 321 arranged. By that the joint 4th is designed as a ball joint, it also has a degree of freedom, which allows mobility of the ladder holder 3 84 is enabled in the direction of the double arrow. This rotational degree of freedom indicated by the double arrow 84 The symbol is always perpendicular to the degree of freedom specified in 2 by the double arrow shown there 83 is symbolized.

4th shows a perspective view of a second embodiment of a fastening element 1 . This second embodiment of a fastening element, too 1 includes an attachment 2 and a ladder holder 3 . The attachment 2 is here identical to that in the 1 to 3 shown and described first embodiment executed. Thus apply to the attachment 2 in 4th the same descriptions and explanations given above for the first embodiment. The connection of the retaining element 32 and base part 31 of the ladder holder 3 is different in the second embodiment from the first embodiment. In the second embodiment, the holding element is 32 movable through the swivel joint 7th with the base part 31 connected. The swivel joint 7th is in the connection legs facing to the right rear 315 and 325 arranged. The connecting legs 315 and 325 are adjacent to the central area of the bow-shaped elements base part 31 and holding element 32 arranged. Similar designed connecting legs 315 and 325 are on the view in 4th forward facing side of base part 31 and holding element 32 arranged.

The holding element 32 is around the swivel 7th pivotable. At the swivel joint 7th oppositely arranged connecting legs 315 and 325 is a locking mechanism 6th appropriate. This locking mechanism 6th includes a trunnion 61 , the fixed with a pivot axis arranged at right angles to it 62 connected is. The pivot axis 62 is rotatable in the connecting leg 315 of the base part 31 stored. This storage allows the pivot pin 61 around the pivot axis 62 pivot. In the trunnion 61 is at that of the pivot axis 62 a tenon slot on the pioneering side 611 intended. This tenon slot 611 provides a continuous recess in the pivot pin 61 further comprises the locking mechanism 6th a latch 63 , which is wedge-shaped here and in the tenon slot 611 can be brought in. In the holding element 32 is on the the locking mechanism 6th facing side a locking recess 326 intended. The width and depth of this locking recess 326 is chosen so that the trunnion 61 into the locking recess 326 can be introduced, in particular pivoted. The locking recess 326 is in the forward facing connecting leg 325 arranged. For fastening the ladder in the ladder holder 3 this is first applied to the support surface 311 of the base part 31 hung up. Then the holding element 32 around the swivel 7th pivoted around the ladder or the ladder element until the connecting leg 325 on the the swivel 7th opposite side on the corresponding connecting leg 315 rests. Then the trunnion 61 around the pivot axis 62 into the locking recess 326 pivoted. For fixing the ladder in the ladder holder 3 eventually becomes the latch 63 into the tenon slot 611 introduced, whereby the retaining element 32 firmly to the base part 31 is connected. To secure the trunnion 61 With a bolt inserted in it 63 are at the forward end of the connecting leg 325 two holding areas 327 arranged, which directly to the locking recess 326 adjoin. The holding areas 327 stand over the surface of the connecting leg facing forward in the illustration 325 in front. This prevents the holding areas 327 that the trunnion 61 with inserted bolt 63 accidentally around the pivot axis 62 is entangled. As can be clearly seen in the state shown, the latch is in place 63 at the stopping areas 327 on. This form-fit allows the pivot pin to pivot 61 no longer possible and the ladder element is securely in the ladder holder 3 clamped.

5 shows a side view of a second embodiment of a fastening element 1 . The representation in 5 essentially corresponds to the representation in 2 so that too 2 Also described for 5 applies. In contrast to the 2 is the ladder holder 3 in 5 accordingly after 4th executed. Also for the in 4th to 6th The illustrated embodiment applies that the spacer 8th alternatively also fixed to the ladder holder 3 can be connected and the joint 4th between the attachment 2 and the spacer 8th can be arranged. Details about the joint 4th are in the sectional view in 8th to recognize.

6th shows a plan view of a second embodiment of a fastening element 1 . For 6th Unless otherwise stated, the description applies 3 . in contrast to the in 3 The embodiment shown in FIG 6th no bevels 314 or. 328 on. In order to accommodate conductor elements that have a round or oval cross-section, in the embodiment in FIG 4th to 6th adjacent to the side surfaces 313 and 323 each curved receiving areas 319 and 329 arranged. These curved receiving areas 319 and 329 serve to hold or clamp conductor elements, in particular conductor rails that are round or oval. Even with the in 4th to 6th illustrated second embodiment, it is possible in the ladder holder 3 both ladder elements with a rectangular cross-section and line elements with a round and oval cross-section to receive and hold. The fastener 1 can therefore also be flexibly connected to different types of conductors in the second embodiment.

7th shows a plan view of a second embodiment of a fastening element 1 with marking of the cutting plane for 8th . 7th . is a simplified representation of 6th . In 7th a section plane AA is shown, which is necessary for the illustration in 8th is used.

8th shows a sectional side view of a second embodiment of a fastening element 1 . In this sectional view are details about the joint 4th to recognize. In the embodiment shown, the joint is 4th between spacer 8th and ladder holder 3 arranged. The spacer 8th here has a bore which extends along the extension axis 81 extends. There is a screw in this hole 41 screwed in, which has a conical head. In the basic part 31 of the ladder holder 3 is a recess 3110 arranged by the base surface, not shown 311 is accessible. For connecting spacers 8th with the ladder holder 3 becomes the screw 41 of the joint 4th through the receiving surface 311 and the recess provided therein 3110 into the hole in the spacer 8th screwed in. The head of the screw 41 is larger than the opening of the recess 3110 , the direction of the spacer 8th shows. This allows the ladder holder 3 with screwed in screw 41 no longer from the spacer 8th be separated. Between screw 41 and ladder holder 3 there is such a form fit, which, however, causes movement of the conductor holder 3 relative to the spacer 8th allows. The joint 4th is thus due to the interaction between the screw 41 and the recess 3110 educated. This interaction forms a ball joint which has several rotational degrees of freedom. The head of the screw 41 can also, instead of the illustrated conical shape, be hemispherical. The mobility of the joint 4th can be adjusted by how far the screw 41 into the hole in the spacer 8th a is turned. To secure the screw 41 in the hole 8th , which has a corresponding internal thread, a screw lock, for example a screw lock that acts like an adhesive, can be provided. One joint 4th can alternatively also be used between the spacer 8th and the attachment 2 be arranged. In this alternative embodiment, a recess is provided in the attachment from which a screw into the hole in the spacer 8th a is turned. In this alternative embodiment, a joint can then also be used 4th as shown, between spacer 8th and ladder holder 3 be provided or the connection between the spacer 8th and ladder holder 3 be rigid. Of course, the joint can 4th can also be formed by further and alternative elements. For example, there are standard parts that are used to connect spacers 8th and ladder holder 3 and / or attachment 2 can be installed. Such standard parts can be different ball joints or also hinges.

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of the documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA assumes no liability for any errors or omissions.

Patent literature cited

• GB 2394748 A [0004]
• KR 200460481 Y1 [0004]
• US 2947555 A [0005]
• JP 2011026770 A [0006]

Claims (24)

Fastening element (1) for fastening a ladder to an object, for example to a scaffolding, comprising - an attachment (2) which is intended to be releasably attached to an object, - A ladder holder (3) which is provided to grip around an element of a ladder or to hold it detachably, - A spacer (8) which has an extension axis (81) which extends from a first end of the spacer (8) to its second, opposite end and the spacer is arranged between the attachment (2) and the ladder holder (3), - And at least one joint (4) which is arranged between the attachment (2) and spacer (8), between spacer (8) and conductor holder (3) or within the spacer (8) between two parts of the spacer (8), the The joint (4) has at least one rotational degree of freedom about an axis perpendicular to the axis of extension (81), as a result of which the conductor holder (3) can be pivoted relative to the fastening (2). Fastening element (1) Claim 1 , characterized in that the fastening (2) has at least two elements which can be changed in their position relative to one another and / or the conductor holder (3) has at least two elements which can be changed in their position relative to one another. Fastening element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the spacer (8) is rod-shaped. Fastening element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that all connection points between fastening (2), spacer (8) and ladder holder (3), except for the connection point formed by the joint (4), are rigid and / or Joint (4) is a ball joint. Fastening element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fastening (2) has a fastening receptacle (21) and a fastening latch (22), the fastening receptacle (21) being provided to enclose an object on at least three sides and the fastening bar (22) can be inserted into the fastening receptacle (21) and the fastening bar (22) is provided to fix the fastening (2) when it is inserted into the fastening receptacle (21). Fastening element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fastening receptacle (21) has a base plate (24), one side of which rests on the object when mounted on the object and the spacer (8) is fastened to the opposite side is, both sides of the base plate (24) are made flat. Fastening element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the axis of extension (81) of the spacer (8) runs at right angles to the sides of the base plate (24) or to a normal to the sides of the base plate (24) at an angle of runs inclined up to 40 °. Fastening element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fastening receptacle (21) has an essentially U-shaped cross section and the inner sides of the two legs of the U and the area connecting the two legs of the U are provided on the object to rest and to enclose it on three sides. Fastening element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fastening receptacle (21) has at least two slots (211) into which the fastening bolt (22) can be inserted for fixing the object in the fastening receptacle (21). Fastening element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fastening bolt (22) is wedge-shaped. Fastening element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base plate (24) forms the area which connects the two legs of the U-shaped fastening receptacle (21) and the slots (211) for receiving the fastening bolt (22) are arranged in the legs of the U of the fastening receptacle (21). Fastening element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the conductor holder (3) has a base part (31) and a holding element (32), the holding element (32) being releasably connectable to the base part (31) and the holding element (32) is provided in operative connection with the base part (31) to encompass an element of a ladder. Fastening element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base part (31) of the ladder holder (3) has at least one at least partially planar support surface (311) which, in the neutral position of the joint (4), is essentially perpendicular to the axis of extension (81) of the spacer (8) runs and / or a curved recess (312) is provided in a partial area of the support surface (311). Fastening element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that adjacent to the support surface (311) on two sides each flat side surfaces (313) are arranged at right angles to the support surface (311). Fastening element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that adjacent to the side surfaces (313) on the side facing away from the support surface (311) each plane bevels (314) are arranged, which to the side surfaces (313) an angle of less as 90 ° and / or adjacent to the side surfaces (313) on the side facing away from the support surface (311) each curved receiving areas (319) are arranged. Fastening element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the holding element (32) has a support surface (321), at least two side surfaces (322) and / or at least two bevels (328), these surfaces being analogous to the corresponding surfaces are carried out on the base part (31). Fastening element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one screw connection (33) is provided which connects the holding element (32) to the base element (31) and, in this connection, the bearing surface (311) of the base part (31) ) is arranged opposite the support surface (321) of the holding element (32). Fastening element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base part (31) and the holding element (32) are bow-shaped and have a central area in which the bearing surfaces (311, 321) are arranged, adjoining them middle area on both sides connecting legs (315, 325) are arranged. Fastening element (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 16 or 18th , characterized in that the base part (31) and the holding element (32) are movably connected to one another at one of their connecting legs (315, 325) by means of a swivel joint (7) and a locking mechanism (6) is provided on the opposite connecting legs (315, 325) ) is arranged through which the two connecting legs (315, 325) can be releasably and firmly locked to one another. Fastening element (1) Claim 19 , characterized in that the locking mechanism (6) comprises a rod-shaped pivot pin (61) which is firmly connected to a pivot axis (62) arranged at right angles to the pivot pin (61), the pivot axis (62) being rotatable in a recess of the connecting leg (315 ) of the base part (31) is received and mounted and the pivot pin (61) has at least one pin slot (611) and the connecting leg (325) of the holding part (32) has a locking recess (326) running in the longitudinal direction of the holding part (32), which on the side of the connecting leg (325) facing away from the support surface (321) is open and the pivot pin (61) can be pivoted into the locking recess (326) and the locking mechanism (6) further comprises a wedge-shaped bolt (63) which is inserted into the Tenon slot (611) can be introduced. Fastening element (1) Claim 20 , characterized in that the locking mechanism (6) can assume an open state and a locked state, wherein in the open state the bolt (63) is removed from the pin slot (611) and the pivot pin (61) about the pivot axis (62) the side of the base part (31) facing away from the swivel joint (7) is pivoted so that the pivot pin (61) is not located in the locking recess (326), so that the retaining element (32) around the swivel joint (7) from the base part (31 ) can be pivoted away and in the locked state the connecting legs (315, 325) of the base part (31) and holding element (32) rest on one another, the pivot pin (61) is pivoted about the pivot axis (62) into the locking recess (326) and the bolt (63) is inserted into the tenon slot (611), so that the bolt (63) presses against the connecting leg (325) and thus locks the retaining element (32) to the base part (31). Fastening element (1) according to one of the Claims 1 , 2 , 3 , 4th or 12 to 21st , characterized in that the fastening (2) has a fastening base part and a fastening holding element, the fastening holding element being firmly connectable to the fastening base part and the fastening holding element in operative connection with the fastening base part being provided to grip around an object and the fastening has at least one screw connection, which connects the fastener retainer to the fastener base member. System for the safe reaching of people from scaffolding elements arranged above the floor, comprising: - At least one fastening element (1) according to one of the preceding claims, - at least one ladder, - a framework which has at least one object which is provided for connection to the ladder, the fastening (2) of the fastening element (1) to the object is connected and the ladder holder (3) of the fastening element (1) is connected to a longitudinal strut of the ladder. Use of a fastening element (1) according to one of the Claims 1 to 22nd for attaching a ladder to an object, the object being part of a scaffold.

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