DE102011054287B4 - Method and device for producing plastic molded parts - Google Patents
Method and device for producing plastic molded parts Download PDFInfo
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- DE102011054287B4 DE102011054287B4 DE102011054287.6A DE102011054287A DE102011054287B4 DE 102011054287 B4 DE102011054287 B4 DE 102011054287B4 DE 102011054287 A DE102011054287 A DE 102011054287A DE 102011054287 B4 DE102011054287 B4 DE 102011054287B4
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 39
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 239000011265 semifinished product Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 91
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 70
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 239000002482 conductive additive Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000002861 polymer material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000010137 moulding (plastic) Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000001746 injection moulding Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000000295 complement effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001169 thermoplastic Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 229920000049 Carbon (fiber) Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000004917 carbon fiber Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004918 carbon fiber reinforced polymer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002991 molded plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000000275 quality assurance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004416 thermosoftening plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004642 Polyimide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 210000001015 abdomen Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001940 conductive polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010292 electrical insulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012777 electrically insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000010354 integration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000000962 organic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000002161 passivation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001721 polyimide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000012805 post-processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036316 preload Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001303 quality assessment method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007493 shaping process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000013517 stratification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001187 thermosetting polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000001960 triggered effect Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
- B29B13/00—Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped
- B29B13/02—Conditioning or physical treatment of the material to be shaped by heating
- B29B13/023—Half-products, e.g. films, plates
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
- B29C35/0272—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould using lost heating elements, i.e. heating means incorporated and remaining in the formed article
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C35/00—Heating, cooling or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanising; Apparatus therefor
- B29C35/02—Heating or curing, e.g. crosslinking or vulcanizing during moulding, e.g. in a mould
- B29C35/12—Dielectric heating
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
- B29C51/08—Deep drawing or matched-mould forming, i.e. using mechanical means only
- B29C51/082—Deep drawing or matched-mould forming, i.e. using mechanical means only by shaping between complementary mould parts
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/32—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C43/34—Feeding the material to the mould or the compression means
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C43/00—Compression moulding, i.e. applying external pressure to flow the moulding material; Apparatus therefor
- B29C43/32—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C43/52—Heating or cooling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
- B29C45/14336—Coating a portion of the article, e.g. the edge of the article
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
- B29C45/14—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles
- B29C45/14778—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. injection moulding around inserts or for coating articles the article consisting of a material with particular properties, e.g. porous, brittle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
- B29C51/26—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C51/261—Handling means, e.g. transfer means, feeding means
- B29C51/262—Clamping means for the sheets, e.g. clamping frames
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C51/00—Shaping by thermoforming, i.e. shaping sheets or sheet like preforms after heating, e.g. shaping sheets in matched moulds or by deep-drawing; Apparatus therefor
- B29C51/26—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
- B29C51/42—Heating or cooling
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery (AREA)
- Casting Or Compression Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kunststoffformteils (19) aus einem flächigen Halbzeug (2) mittels eines Warmumformverfahrens, bei dem das Halbzeug (2) mittels eines Greifers (26) von einer Bevorratungsstelle (27) in ein Presswerkzeug (3) mit eine Form des Kunststoffformteils (19) bildenden Presswerkzeugteilen (4, 5) transportiert, an dem Presswerkzeug (3) fixiert und unter Erwärmung durch einen Pressvorgang des Presswerkzeugs (3) in Form gebracht wird, wobei das Halbzeug (2) während dessen Herstellung als Polymerwerkstoff mit elektrisch leitfähigen Zusatzstoffen versehen und vor dem Pressvorgang durch Widerstandsheizung der elektrisch leitfähigen Zusatzstoffe auf eine vorgebbare Temperatur geregelt wird, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Widerstandsheizung während des Transports des Halbzeugs (2) von der Bevorratungsstelle (27) in das Presswerkzeug (3) betrieben wird.Method for producing a plastic molded part (19) from a flat semifinished product (2) by means of a hot forming method, in which the semifinished product (2) is moved by means of a gripper (26) from a storage point (27) into a pressing tool (3) having a shape of the plastic molded part (3). 19) forming pressing tool parts (4, 5), fixed to the pressing tool (3) and brought under heating by a pressing operation of the pressing tool (3) in the form, the semifinished product (2) provided during its preparation as a polymer material with electrically conductive additives and before the pressing operation is controlled by resistance heating of the electrically conductive additives to a predeterminable temperature, characterized in that the resistance heating during the transport of the semifinished product (2) from the storage location (27) in the pressing tool (3) is operated.
Description
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines Kunststoffformteils aus einem flächigen Halbzeug mittels eines Warmumformverfahrens, bei dem das Halbzeug mittels eines Greifers von einer Bevorratungsstelle in ein Presswerkzeug mit eine Form des Kunststoffformteils bildenden Presswerkzeugteilen transportiert, an dem Presswerkzeug fixiert und unter Erwärmung durch einen Pressvorgang des Presswerkzeugs in Form gebracht wird.The invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a plastic molded part from a flat semifinished product by means of a hot forming process, in which the semifinished transported by a gripper from a storage location in a pressing tool with a shape of the plastic molding forming pressing tool parts, fixed to the pressing tool and under heating by a pressing operation of the pressing tool is brought into shape.
Insbesondere im Kraftfahrzeug werden infolge ihres geringen Gewichts zunehmend dreidimensional geformte Kunststoffformteile eingesetzt, die aus planen, flächigen Halbzeugen, sogenannten Organoblechen hergestellt sind. Die Formgebung erfolgt dabei in beispielsweise in zwei Hälften teilbaren Presswerkzeugen mit komplementären Innenflächen, in die das Halbzeug eingelegt und unter plastischer Verformung in die gewünschte Form gebracht wird. Das Halbzeug wird dabei in einer Wärmekammer beispielsweise mittels Strahlungswärme wie Infrarotstrahlung oder Umlufterwärmung, Kontaktheizung oder dergleichen auf eine Temperatur, bei der eine plastische Warmumformung möglich ist, beispielsweise über Glastemperatur erhitzt und von einem Greifer in das Presswerkzeug eingelegt. Hierbei werden nicht nur das Halbzeug sondern auch entsprechende Aufnahmerahmen, Teile des Greifers und dergleichen erwärmt, so dass dieser Prozess energieaufwendig ist. Infolge einer Abkühlung des Halbzeugs während des Transports muss eine höhere, der Qualität des Halbzeugs abträgliche Temperatur vorgesehen werden. Weiterhin ist die Integration einer Wärmekammer in den Produktionsablauf zeit- und kostentaufwendig und erfordert einen höheren Bereitstellungsraum der Produktionsanlage.In particular, in the motor vehicle due to their low weight increasingly three-dimensionally shaped plastic moldings are used, which are made of flat, flat semi-finished products, so-called organo sheets. The shaping takes place in, for example, divisible in two halves pressing tools with complementary inner surfaces, in which the semi-finished inserted and brought under plastic deformation in the desired shape. The semifinished product is heated in a heat chamber, for example by means of radiant heat such as infrared radiation or recirculation heating, contact heating or the like to a temperature at which a plastic hot forming is possible, for example, heated over glass temperature and inserted by a gripper in the pressing tool. In this case, not only the semifinished product but also corresponding receiving frame, parts of the gripper and the like are heated, so that this process is energy consuming. As a result of cooling of the semi-finished product during transport, a higher, the quality of the semi-finished product temperature must be provided. Furthermore, the integration of a heat chamber in the production process is time-consuming and expensive and requires a higher staging area of the production plant.
In der
Aus der
Aufgabe der Erfindung ist daher, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung vorzuschlagen, bei dem aus Halbzeug gefertigte Kunststoffformteile energiesparend, schnell und mit geringem Produktionsraumbedarf hergestellt werden können.The object of the invention is therefore to propose a method and a device in which made of semi-finished plastic moldings can be produced energy-saving, fast and with low production space requirements.
Die Aufgabe wird durch die Merkmale des Verfahrens gemäß Anspruch 1 und den Gegenstand des Verfahrens gemäß Anspruch 8 gelöst. Die von diesen abhängigen Unteransprüche geben vorteilhafte Ausführungsbeispiele wieder.The object is achieved by the features of the method according to claim 1 and the subject matter of the method according to
Durch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Kunststoffformteils aus einem flächigen Halbzeug mittels eines Warmumformverfahrens, bei dem das Halbzeug mittels eines Greifers von einer Bevorratungsstelle in ein Presswerkzeug mit eine Form des Kunststoffformteils bildenden Presswerkzeugteilen transportiert, an dem Presswerkzeug fixiert und unter Erwärmung durch einen Pressvorgang des Presswerkzeugs in Form gebracht wird, wird das Halbzeug während dessen Herstellung als Polymerwerkstoff mit elektrisch leitfähigen Zusatzstoffen, beispielsweise unter Ausbildung eines Faserverbundwerkstoffs, versehen und vor dem Pressvorgang durch Widerstandsheizung der elektrisch leitfähigen Zusatzstoffe auf eine vorgebbare Temperatur geregelt. Die entsprechende Vorrichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens weist eine Stromerzeugungseinrichtung unter Verzicht auf eine Wärmekammer zur Widerstandsheizung des Halbzeugs auf.By a method for producing a plastic molded part from a flat semi-finished by means of a hot forming process in which the semi-finished transported by a gripper from a storage location in a pressing tool with a shape of the plastic molding forming pressing tool parts, fixed to the pressing tool and under heating by a pressing operation of the pressing tool in Mold is brought, the semifinished product during its production as a polymer material with electrically conductive additives, for example, to form a fiber composite material, provided and regulated by the pressing process by resistance heating of the electrically conductive additives to a predetermined temperature. The corresponding device for carrying out the method has a power generating device waiving a heat chamber for resistance heating of the semifinished product.
Durch die Einsparung einer Wärmekammer kann der gesamte Produktionsprozess vereinfacht und gestrafft werden. Die in das Halbzeug integrierten elektrisch leitfähigen Zusatzstoffe bilden durch ihren Innenwiderstand die Heizquelle. Es hat sich als vorteilhaft gezeigt, wenn diese Zusatzstoffe das verwendete Kunststoffmaterial, beispielsweise ein Thermoplast, mechanisch verstärken. Hierzu können beispielsweise Kohlenstoffpartikel wie Kohlenstofffasern verwendet werden. Als besonders vorteilhaft haben sich Faserverbundwerkstoffe, beispielsweise sogenannte endloskohlenstofffaserverstärkte, thermoplastische Halbzeuge (continous carbonfibre reinforced plastics, CFRP) erwiesen. Alternativ können insbesondere für geringere mechanische Belastung intrinsisch elektrisch leitfähige Polymere wie Polyimide vorgesehen werden. Im Weiteren können die Kunststoffformteile einschichtig oder als Sandwich-Bauteile mit zumindest einer Schicht mit elektrisch leitfähigen Zusatzstoffen ausgebildet sein. Es versteht sich, dass zur Erzielung einer elektrischen Widerstandsheizung die Halbzeuge mit entsprechend hohen Strömen und Spannungen der Stromversorgungseinrichtung belastbar ausgelegt sind. Durch die Widerstandsheizung wird im Wesentlichen selektiv und ausschließlich das Halbzeug auf die nötige Umformtemperatur erwärmt, so dass eine energieeffiziente Erwärmung erzielt wird. Durch die geringe Wärmeabstrahlung der Halbzeuge bleibt diese bis zum Pressvorgang gering.By saving a heat chamber, the entire production process can be simplified and streamlined. The electrically conductive additives integrated into the semifinished product form the heat source through their internal resistance. It has proven to be advantageous if these additives mechanically reinforce the plastic material used, for example a thermoplastic. For example, carbon particles such as carbon fibers can be used for this purpose. Fiber composite materials, for example so-called continuous carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic semi-finished products (CFRP) have proved to be particularly advantageous. Alternatively, intrinsically electrically conductive polymers such as polyimides can be provided, in particular for lower mechanical stress. In addition, the plastic molded parts can be formed as single-layered or as sandwich components with at least one layer with electrically conductive additives. It is understood that in order to achieve an electrical resistance heating, the semi-finished products are designed to be resilient with correspondingly high currents and voltages of the power supply device. The resistance heating essentially selectively and exclusively heats the semifinished product to the required forming temperature, so that energy-efficient heating is achieved. Due to the low heat radiation of the semi-finished products, this remains low until the pressing process.
Unter Warmumformverfahren ist ein Verfahren zu verstehen, bei dem die Halbzeuge nach oder bei entsprechender Erwärmung auf eine durch die Widerstandsheizung eingeregelte, vorgebbare Temperatur, in der plastische Verformung möglich ist, beispielsweise bei oder über der Glastemperatur, Erweichungstemperatur und dergleichen des einschichtigen Halbzeugs oder aller Schichten eines mehrschichtigen Halbzeugs in einem mehrteiligen bevorzugt zweiteiligen Presswerkzeug von der flächigen Form in eine dreidimensionale Form gebracht werden. Hierbei bilden die aufeinander zubewegten, mit komplementären Flächenanteilen versehenen Presswerkzeugteile im geschlossenen Zustand das begrenzende Volumen für das zu formende Kunststoffformteil. Nach dem Pressvorgang kann das ausgelöste Kunststoffformteil durch Nachbearbeitung, beispielsweise Abtrennen überschüssiger Ränder, Oberflächenbearbeitung und dergleichen in Endform gebracht werden. Das Presswerkzeug ist in vorteilhafter Weise mit einer geringeren elektrischen Leitfähigkeit also mit einem höheren elektrischen Widerstand als das Halbzeug ausgebildet, so dass keine weiteren Maßnahmen der elektrischen Isolierung des Presswerkzeugs gegenüber dem Halbzeug getroffen werden müssen. Hierzu können die Flächen der Presswerkzeugteile beispielsweise gefettet, beschichtet oder in anderer Weise behandelt sein, so dass die Auswahl für das Material des Presswerkzeugs im Wesentlichen unabhängig von dessen elektrischer Leitfähigkeit an die Vorgaben des Pressvorgangs angepasst werden kann. Hot forging process is to be understood as meaning a process in which the semifinished products, after or with appropriate heating, are capable of being given a predetermined temperature, plastic deformation, for example at or above the glass transition temperature, softening temperature and the like of the single-layer semifinished product or of all layers a multi-layer semifinished product in a multi-part, preferably two-part pressing tool can be brought from the sheet shape into a three-dimensional shape. In this case, the pressing tool parts, which are moved toward one another and are provided with complementary surface portions, in the closed state form the limiting volume for the plastic molded part to be molded. After the pressing process, the triggered plastic molded part can be brought into final form by post-processing, for example, removal of excess edges, surface treatment and the like. The pressing tool is advantageously formed with a lower electrical conductivity so with a higher electrical resistance than the semifinished product, so that no further measures of electrical insulation of the pressing tool must be made against the semifinished product. For this purpose, the surfaces of the pressing tool parts, for example, greased, coated or treated in any other way, so that the selection of the material of the pressing tool can be adapted to the specifications of the pressing process substantially independent of its electrical conductivity.
Unter Greifer ist eine Einrichtung zu verstehen, welche pro Presswerkzeug zyklisch ein planes Teil des Halbzeugs an der Bevorratungseinrichtung, beispielsweise einer vertikalen oder horizontalen Schichtung von Halbzeugteilen, einem Zuführband und oder dergleichen aufnimmt und in bevorzugter Weise das geformte Kunststoffteil wieder in einer Ablageeinrichtung oder einem Transportband oder dergleichen ablegt. Das Halbzeug in Form entsprechend vorkonfektionierter flächiger Platten kann in Rahmen, beispielsweise aus Keramik oder anderen über dem Erweichungspunkt des Halbzeugs temperaturbeständigen Materialien untergebracht sein, die über entsprechende Fixierpunkte verfügen, an denen das Halbzeug positioniert an Gegenpunkten wie Stiften im Presswerkzeug aufgenommen wird. Alternativ kann das Halbzeug selbst über entsprechende Fixierpunkte wie Öffnungen verfügen.A gripper is to be understood to mean a device which receives cyclically a planar part of the semifinished product on the storage device, for example a vertical or horizontal stratification of semifinished parts, a feed belt and the like, and preferably the molded plastic part again in a depositing device or a conveyor belt or the like deposits. The semifinished product in the form of prefabricated flat sheets may be accommodated in frames, for example made of ceramic or other temperature-resistant materials above the softening point of the semifinished product, which have corresponding fixing points at which the semifinished product is positioned at counter points such as pins in the pressing tool. Alternatively, the semifinished product itself can have corresponding fixing points such as openings.
Die Stromerzeugungseinrichtung kann als Transformator mit einer Strom-, Spannungs- oder Leistungsregelungseinrichtung vorgesehen sein, der bevorzugt elektrische Energie bevorzugt als Hochstrom und Niederspannung bereitstellt. Hierbei kann empirisch und/oder per Simulation ein Zusammenhang zwischen der aufzuwendenden elektrischen Energie und der Temperatur des Halbzeugs ermittelt und die Zufuhr der elektrischen Energie entsprechend gesteuert werden. Die Stromversorgungseinrichtung kann ortsfest angeordnet sein, wobei die Energiezufuhr in das Halbzeug nach dessen Einlegen in das Presswerkzeug erfolgen kann. Alternativ oder zusätzlich kann die Stromversorgungseinrichtung beziehungsweise zumindest deren die elektrische Energie in das Halbzeug eintragenden Elektroden am Greifer oder den besagten Rahmen vorgesehen sein, so dass die elektrische Energie bereits beim Aufnehmen des Halbzeugs durch den Greifer eingeleitet und dadurch die Taktrate erhöht werden kann. Hierbei kann der Greifer während des Pressvorgangs am Presswerkzeug verbleiben und die Widerstandsheizung während des Pressvorgangs zumindest zeitweise aufrechterhalten.The power generating device may be provided as a transformer with a current, voltage or power control device which preferably provides electrical energy as high current and low voltage. Here, empirically and / or by simulation, a relationship between the electrical energy to be expended and the temperature of the semifinished product can be determined and the supply of electrical energy can be controlled accordingly. The power supply device can be arranged stationary, wherein the energy supply can be made in the semi-finished product after its insertion into the pressing tool. Alternatively or additionally, the power supply device or at least its the electrical energy in the semifinished product electrodes may be provided on the gripper or the said frame, so that the electrical energy already initiated when receiving the semifinished product by the gripper and thereby the clock rate can be increased. In this case, the gripper can remain on the pressing tool during the pressing process and at least temporarily maintain the resistance heating during the pressing process.
In einer vorteilhaften Ausbildung des Verfahrens kann das Halbzeug vor Erreichen eines plastischen Zustands bereits elastisch durch das Presswerkzeug verformt werden, so dass die Taktraten zusätzlich verringert werden können. Dabei kann das Zufahren des Presswerkzeugs abhängig von der mittels der an der Stromversorgungseinrichtung anliegenden Größen wie Spannung, Leistung, Strom oder einem mittels dieser Größen oder einem in anderer Weise ermittelten Widerstand des Halbzeugs bestimmten Temperatur erfolgen. Die Temperatur des Halbzeugs kann in verbesserter Weise über das gesamte Halbzeug vorgebbar verteilt werden, indem mehr als zwei die elektrische Energie einspeisende Kontaktelektroden vorgesehen werden. Je nach lateraler Form, auszuformenden Bäuchen und dergleichen können die Kontaktelektroden über den Umfang des Halbzeugs so verteilt werden, dass insbesondere während des Pressvorgangs über die Fläche des Halbzeugs beziehungsweise das sich bildende Kunststoffformteil im Wesentlichen gleiche Temperaturen ansteuerbar sind. Hierzu können die Kontaktelektroden lateral und/oder an der Stirnseite des Halbzeugs angeordnet und beispielsweise mittels Druckgebern gegenüber diesem vorgespannt sein. Die Stromübertragung von den Kontaktelektroden auf das Halbzeug kann unter anderem durch deren Fläche und deren Anpressdruck gesteuert werden. Die Kontaktelektroden können hierzu von den Druckgebern entsprechend druckbeaufschlagt werden.In an advantageous embodiment of the method, the semifinished product can already be elastically deformed by the pressing tool before reaching a plastic state, so that the cycle rates can be additionally reduced. In this case, the closing of the pressing tool can be effected as a function of the variables applied to the power supply device such as voltage, power, current or a temperature determined by means of these variables or a resistance of the semi-finished product determined in another way. The temperature of the semifinished product can be predefinably distributed in an improved manner over the entire semifinished product by providing more than two contact electrodes which feed the electrical energy. Depending on the lateral shape, bellies and the like to be shaped, the contact electrodes can be distributed over the circumference of the semifinished product, so that essentially the same temperatures can be controlled in particular during the pressing process over the surface of the semifinished product or the forming plastic molded part. For this purpose, the contact electrodes can be arranged laterally and / or on the front side of the semifinished product and be biased for example by means of pressure sensors with respect to this. The current transmission from the contact electrodes to the semifinished product can be controlled inter alia by their area and their contact pressure. The contact electrodes can be pressurized accordingly by the pressure transmitters.
Im Weiteren kann die Erfassung des Widerstands der Qualitätssicherung des Halbzeugs und/oder des Kunststoffformteils dienen. Beispielsweise können die Widerstandsmessungen insbesondere über mehrere Kontaktelektroden zur Qualitätssicherung beispielsweise der mechanischen Festigkeit des Kunststoffformteils herangezogen werden. Hierzu können beispielsweise während des Aufheiz-, Press- und/oder Abwärmprozesses die eingeleitete elektrische Energie, der Widerstand im stromlosen Zustand oder ähnliche elektrische Messverfahren die Verteilung der eine Verstärkung des Halbzeugs und/oder des Kunststoffformteils bereitstellenden, elektrisch leitenden Verteilung, die auf das Kunststoffformteil einwirkende Temperatur und andere qualitätsrelevante Parameter von der Aufnahme des Halbzeugs bis zur Ablage des fertigen Kunststoffformteils ermittelt, ausgewertet und archiviert werden, so dass jederzeit und für jedes Individuum eine Qualitätseinschätzung erbracht werden kann.Furthermore, the detection of the resistance of the quality assurance of the semifinished product and / or the plastic molded part can serve. For example, the resistance measurements, in particular via a plurality of contact electrodes for quality assurance, for example, the mechanical strength of the plastic molded part can be used. For this purpose, for example, during the heating, pressing and / or Abwärmprozesses the introduced electrical energy, the resistance in the de-energized state or similar electrical measuring method, the distribution of a gain of the semifinished product and / or the plastic molding providing, electrically conductive distribution, the temperature acting on the plastic molding and other quality parameters determined by the recording of the semifinished product to the storage of the finished plastic molding, evaluated and archived, so that at any time and for each individual a quality assessment can be provided.
Das Verfahren eignet sich zudem für zusätzlich an das Kunststoffformteil anzubringende Kunststoffkomponenten, welche beispielsweise während eines Aufenthalts des Halbzeugs in dem Presswerkzeug mittels eines Spritzgusswerkzeugs an das Halbzeug beziehungsweise an das fertiggepresste, bevorzugt noch bestromte Kunststoffformteil angespritzt wird. Auf diese Weise können Kunststoffformteile als Verbundteile aus unterschiedlichen Materialien vorgesehen werden. Beispielsweise kann in einem Spritzgießverfahren ein weiterer, verstärkter oder unverstärkter Thermoplast oder in einem entsprechend modifizierten Spritzgießverfahren ein Duroplast angespritzt werden. Mittels der Widerstandsheizung können dabei gegebenenfalls selektiv an der Stelle der anzuspritzenden Kunststoffkomponenten entsprechend gegenüber dem Rest geänderte Temperaturen des Halbzeugs beziehungsweise im Entstehen befindlichen Kunststoffformteils vorgesehen werden.The method is also suitable for additionally to the plastic molded part to be attached plastic components, which is molded, for example, during a residence of the semifinished product in the pressing tool by means of an injection molding tool to the semifinished product or to the finished pressed, preferably still energized plastic molding. In this way, plastic moldings can be provided as composite parts of different materials. For example, in an injection molding process, a further, reinforced or unreinforced thermoplastic or in a correspondingly modified injection molding a thermoset can be molded. By means of the resistance heating, it is possible, if appropriate, to provide selectively at the location of the plastic components to be sprayed, temperatures of the semifinished product or of the plastic molded part which are changed as a function of the remainder.
Die Erfindung wird anhand der in den
Die in
Das Halbzeug
Die Zufuhr der elektrischen Energie wird mittels der Steuereinrichtung der Größe und der Zeit nach so geregelt, dass das Halbzeug
Wie gezeigt können die Kontaktelektroden
Zur Einsparung der Produktionszeit beziehungsweise einer Erhöhung der Taktrate kann das Halbzeug
Zusätzlich zur Warmumformung des Halbzeugs
BezugszeichenlisteLIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS
- 11
- Vorrichtungcontraption
- 22
- HalbzeugWorkpiece
- 33
- Presswerkzeugpress tool
- 44
- PresswerkzeugteilPressing tool part
- 55
- PresswerkzeugteilPressing tool part
- 66
- Oberflächesurface
- 77
- Oberflächesurface
- 88th
- StromversorgungseinrichtungPower supply means
- 99
- Stromquellepower source
- 1010
- Kontaktelektrodecontact electrode
- 10a10a
- Kontaktelektrodecontact electrode
- 10b10b
- Kontaktelektrodecontact electrode
- 1111
- Kontaktelektrodecontact electrode
- 11b11b
- Kontaktelektrodecontact electrode
- 1212
- Steuereinheitcontrol unit
- 1313
- Druckgeberthruster
- 13a13a
- Druckgeberthruster
- 13b13b
- Druckgeberthruster
- 13c13c
- Druckgeberthruster
- 1414
- Druckgeberthruster
- 1515
- Rahmenframe
- 15a15a
- Rahmenframe
- 15b15b
- Rahmenframe
- 1616
- Spritzgießaggregatinjection molding unit
- 1717
- KunststoffkomponentePlastic component
- 1818
- Spritzgießforminjection mold
- 1919
- KunststoffformteilPlastics molding
- 2020
- Elektrodeelectrode
- 2121
- Elektrodeelectrode
- 2222
- Elektrodeelectrode
- 2323
- Stromanschlusspower connection
- 2424
- Stromanschlusspower connection
- 2525
- Stromanschlusspower connection
- 2626
- Greifergrab
- 2727
- Bevorratungsstellestockholding entity
- 2828
- Zuleitungsupply
- 2929
- Zuleitungsupply
Claims (12)
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102011054287.6A DE102011054287B4 (en) | 2011-10-07 | 2011-10-07 | Method and device for producing plastic molded parts |
| PCT/DE2012/100282 WO2013050026A1 (en) | 2011-10-07 | 2012-09-14 | Method and device for producing plastic moulded parts |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102011054287.6A DE102011054287B4 (en) | 2011-10-07 | 2011-10-07 | Method and device for producing plastic molded parts |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| DE102011054287A1 DE102011054287A1 (en) | 2013-04-11 |
| DE102011054287B4 true DE102011054287B4 (en) | 2018-04-05 |
Family
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102011054287.6A Expired - Fee Related DE102011054287B4 (en) | 2011-10-07 | 2011-10-07 | Method and device for producing plastic molded parts |
Country Status (2)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| DE (1) | DE102011054287B4 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2013050026A1 (en) |
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| DE102012019915B4 (en) * | 2012-10-11 | 2016-02-25 | Premium Aerotec Gmbh | Method for providing a fiber preform for producing a fiber composite component, and transport device for a fiber material blank |
| DE102012111087B3 (en) * | 2012-11-19 | 2013-10-24 | Universität Stuttgart | Method for manufacturing three dimensional plastic components, involves partially heating semi-finished product inside surface area of semi-finished product by contact strip |
| DE102013107105B4 (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2020-07-02 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Fiber preform temperature control device |
| DE102013107102B4 (en) * | 2013-07-05 | 2017-06-29 | Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt e.V. | Semi-finished fiber-tempering |
| JP6107569B2 (en) * | 2013-09-25 | 2017-04-05 | トヨタ紡織株式会社 | Manufacturing method of resin molding |
| DE102014014743A1 (en) * | 2014-10-09 | 2016-04-14 | Premium Aerotec Gmbh | Mold shell for a tool for producing a fiber composite component and use of such a mold shell |
| DE102014118747A1 (en) * | 2014-12-16 | 2016-06-16 | Universität Stuttgart | Method and device for connecting fiber materials to metal materials |
| DE102014018801B4 (en) * | 2014-12-19 | 2019-06-19 | Airbus Defence and Space GmbH | Method and device for producing a fiber preform |
| CN104760269A (en) * | 2015-03-28 | 2015-07-08 | 合肥汇通控股股份有限公司 | Heat bend molding technology of plastic nameplate |
| DE102015005974A1 (en) | 2015-05-08 | 2016-11-10 | Audi Ag | Method and tool for producing a two-dimensional fiber-reinforced plastic composite component using a hybrid yarn textile |
| DE102015012537B3 (en) * | 2015-09-24 | 2017-03-23 | Audi Ag | Process for producing continuous fiber-reinforced plastics and a corresponding device |
| DE102016120703A1 (en) | 2016-10-28 | 2018-05-03 | Fraunhofer-Gesellschaft zur Förderung der angewandten Forschung e.V. | Method and device for producing three-dimensional molded parts from a fiber-reinforced thermoplastic strip |
| DE102018216207A1 (en) * | 2018-09-24 | 2020-03-26 | Bayerische Motoren Werke Aktiengesellschaft | Method and heating device for heating a rod |
| WO2021074004A1 (en) | 2019-10-15 | 2021-04-22 | Covestro Intellectual Property Gmbh & Co. Kg | Method for producing a composite component with a flawless surface |
| CN113547683B (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2023-03-24 | 广州聚仕达橡胶机械技术有限公司 | Automatic hot-press forming production equipment and method for rubber |
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| DE3942891A1 (en) | 1989-12-23 | 1991-06-27 | Bayer Ag | METHOD FOR THERMOPLASTIC SHAPING OF PLASTICS |
| US20030173715A1 (en) | 2002-03-13 | 2003-09-18 | Grutta James T. | Resistive-heated composite structural members and methods and apparatus for making the same |
| DE10351178A1 (en) | 2003-11-03 | 2005-06-02 | Ralf Schneeberger | Carbon fiber reinforced thermoplastic composite part molding process involves heating thermoplastic matrix by passing current through the carbon fibers and applying pressure |
| US20050236098A1 (en) | 2004-04-26 | 2005-10-27 | Richard Blackmore | Engineered resistive heated complex shape molded composite |
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| DE102011054287A1 (en) | 2013-04-11 |
| WO2013050026A1 (en) | 2013-04-11 |
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