DE102022202584B3 - Multi-cable load bar hoist - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a load bar hoist, preferably in the form of a machine hoist, with a winch (1) which includes a winch drum (2) and with a plurality of ropes (3), the winch drum (2) being provided and designed, the plurality of Take ropes (3) on the lateral surface (4) of the winch drum (2) winding. The plurality of ropes (3) run up and/or off the winch drum (2) in a bundled manner, essentially without any gaps, during a winding and/or unwinding process.

Description

technical field

The present invention relates to a hoist, particularly a machine hoist, which includes a plurality of cables.

Load rod hoists are technical stage equipment that is used in particular in theaters and opera houses. In this case, load rod hoists, in particular motor-driven machine hoists, form an elementary component of a hoist system for upper machinery in stage technology.

The load bars are attached to ropes which are wound onto a drum, in particular a winch drum. Loads, such as parts of stage decorations, stage lighting and/or gantry bridges, can be attached to the load bars and can be moved/moved in a vertical direction with the help of the load bar hoist. Since these loads can be very heavy and are arranged and moved so that they are suspended above people, there are high safety requirements for load bar hoists. These are recorded, for example, in the regulations and standards applicable to stage technology, such as DIN 17206. One of the requirements is that the deflection angle of the rope must not be greater than four degrees. This results in complex structures being used to guide, bundle and divert the ropes as they are wound on separate drums or sequentially on one drum to raise and lower the battens. In some cases, there is no bundling of the rope at all, which leads to a considerably restricted range of use for the load bar hoist, since the deflection angle can then only be maintained by deflecting it very far away. Since there is often not the necessary amount of space both behind the stage and in a grid arranged above the stage, this leads to considerable restrictions in the design and development of the stage technology.

DE 10 2021 108 837 A1 discloses a method for multi-layer winding of a cable winch and a cable winch with a drum onto which at least one cable can be wound. Furthermore, a hoist with such a cable winch is disclosed.

EP 3 424 871 A2 discloses a cable winch arrangement which comprises at least one cable drum, which is rotatably mounted about a drum axis, for winding and/or unwinding at least one cable and a carrying structure and a spindle drive for displacing the cable drum relative to the carrying structure.

US 2012 / 0 025 157 A1 discloses a lifting installation, a system and a method which can be used in a stage environment, for example.

CN 1 08 100 838 B discloses a spiral wrap winch, system and method for vertically lifting a load.

It is therefore the object of the present invention to provide a load bar which eliminates or at least reduces the disadvantages of the prior art. Specifically, the object of the present invention is to provide a hoist that allows a large number of cables of the hoist to be moved up and down in a small space while complying with the applicable regulations.

The object is achieved by a load bar hoist according to claim 1. Advantageous developments are part of the dependent claims.

Specifically, the object is achieved by the load bar train, which is preferably designed in the form of a machine train with a winch, which includes a winch drum, and with a large number of cables. The winch drum is provided and designed to accommodate the plurality of ropes in a winding manner on a circumference of the winch drum, with the plurality of ropes being bundled, essentially without any gaps, running on and/or off the winch drum during a winding and/or unwinding process. The plurality of ropes form a strand.

In other words, the batten train includes the winch with the winch drum, which has a substantially cylindrical outer geometry, and the plurality of cables. The winch drum includes an outer surface on which the plurality of ropes can be wound in a circumferential direction of the winch drum. The ropes are wound onto the winch drum of the load bar hoist in a substantially ribbon-shaped bundle, with the individual ropes, which are different from one another, being arranged directly next to one another. The band-shaped bundle of ropes runs up and down the winch drum uniformly.

Weight can be saved by such a design of the load bar train. In addition, fewer deflections of the ropes using deflection pulleys between the winch drum and the load bar are required. In addition to the component savings per se, the planning effort is reduced in particular, since calculations for external stops points are omitted. This leads to a cost reduction of the overall product. Furthermore, such a load bar hoist can be installed in different installation positions and can thus also be installed variably in a way that is tailored to the place of use, even when space is tight. With appropriate planning, a winch with the winch drum of the load bar hoist can be placed on site in such a way that all deflection of the ropes (except for the individual cable run-off points to the load bar) can be dispensed with. A start-up time of a load bar combination according to the invention is reduced.

The core of the invention is therefore that the ropes of the load bar hoist run up and down the winch drum in a combined strand.

In a first aspect, the plurality of ropes may be wound in a periodic arrangement parallel to one another on the winch drum.

In other words, the ropes can be wound up in a predetermined arrangement next to one another in a repeating rope sequence. The rope sequence can be repeated over a longitudinal extension of the winch drum. The longitudinal extent of the winch drum is understood to mean an extent in a direction of a central axis of the winch drum.

In a further aspect, the multiplicity of ropes can be wound up and/or unwound from the winch drum simultaneously during the winding and/or unwinding process.

In other words, the length of rope that is wound up from the winch drum by each rope of the plurality of ropes in a defined period of time is identical.

The simultaneous winding and/or unwinding of the ropes can ensure that the ropes are raised and/or lowered to the same extent and load bars attached to the ropes can be moved up and down without unwanted tilting.

In a further aspect, a turn of a first rope in a state wound on the winch drum may be adjacent exclusively to turns of ropes of the plurality of ropes other than the first rope. That is, when wound on the winch drum, a turn of the first rope may be adjacent exclusively to turns of the various other ropes of the plurality of ropes and not to itself.

In other words, the first rope from the plurality of ropes can be wound onto the winch drum in such a way that the first rope does not contact itself at any point on the winch drum in a direction of the longitudinal extent of the winch drum. In still other words, the ropes can be wound onto the winch drum such that each rope section in a direction normal to a center strand of the first rope becomes adjacent only to ropes other than the first rope. Such an arrangement of the ropes allows the ropes to be unwound as evenly as possible.

In a further aspect, cable run-off points of two adjacent cables on the winch drum can be spaced apart from one another by at least the sum of their radii. The distance between two adjacent cable run-off points can be greater than the sum of the radii of the adjacent cables in order to avoid contact or friction between the different cables.

In another aspect, rope payoff points of the first rope on the winch drum may be spaced apart from each other by at least a sum of diameters of the ropes of the plurality of ropes other than the first rope.

In other words, points at which the ropes detach from the outer surface of the winch drum during the winding and/or unwinding process can be referred to as the rope run-off points. The cable run-off points are arranged on a straight line on the lateral surface of the winch drum, with the straight line being oriented parallel to the central axis of the winch drum. The distance between two adjacent rope run-off points is greater than or equal to the added radii of two adjacent ropes from the multiplicity of ropes. In still other words, two different points, each of which is located on the middle fiber of the first rope and which two different points are arranged in a wound state on the straight line parallel to the central axis of the winch drum, at least by the distance "number of Ropes multiplied by the diameter of the ropes” spaced from each other, with the same rope diameter of the different ropes.

In a further aspect, the batten train includes a pulley configured to redirect the plurality of ropes, wherein a central axis of the pulley is oriented normal to the central axis of the winch drum.

In other words, the batten train includes a pulley that pulls the plurality of cords from a direction tangential to the envelope surface of the winch drum deflects in a direction tangential to the lateral surface of the deflection roller. Here, the central axis of the deflection roller is oriented orthogonally to the central axis of the winch drum. The central axis of the deflection roller and the central axis of the winch drum are arranged in relation to one another in such a way that they do not intersect. In other words, the central axis of the deflection roller and the central axis of the winch drum can be formed in planes arranged parallel to one another.

In particular, exactly one deflection pulley can be provided and designed to deflect all cables from the plurality of cables of the load bar hoist. The provision of the deflection pulley means that the direction in which the cables run off is essentially independent of the installation position, and in this way the winch can be installed/positioned more flexibly.

In a further aspect, the deflection roller and the winch drum can be provided and designed to move towards one another in a direction parallel to the central axis of the winch drum.

In other words, the winch drum and/or the deflection roller can be designed to be movable. In particular, the deflection roller and/or the winch drum can be mounted in such a way that they can be moved in relation to one another. The winch drum and/or the deflection roller can preferably be formed on a traversing bolster, in which case the traversing bolster can be mounted on a rail. A direction of travel essentially corresponds to an extension in the direction of the rail, which is oriented in the direction parallel to the central axis of the winch drum. In still other words, both the winch drum and the pulley can move relative to the rail in the direction parallel to the central axis of the winch drum, or only the winch drum can move relative to the rail in the direction parallel to the central axis of the winch drum, or it Only the pulley can move relative to the rail in the direction parallel to the central axis of the winch drum. By moving the deflection roller relative to the winch drum, it can be ensured that a permissible deflection angle is not exceeded. Furthermore, contact or rubbing between the ropes can be prevented in this way, which reduces wear on the ropes and thus increases safety and reduces maintenance costs that arise.

In a further aspect, a maximum travel distance of the deflection roller parallel to the winch drum can correspond to a maximum distance between the rope run-off points of one of the ropes from the plurality of ropes.

In other words, the maximum decay path of the deflection pulley and the winch drum to one another in the direction parallel to the central axis of the winch drum can correspond to a distance between the most widely spaced cable pay-off points of a particular cable, for example the first cable, in the direction parallel to the central axis of the winch drum. By coordinating the travel path in this way to the distance between the cable run-off points, it is possible to prevent the permissible deflection angle from being exceeded.

In another aspect, a first order of arrangement of the plurality of ropes on the winch drum is different than a second order of arrangement of the plurality of ropes on the pulley.

In other words, the ropes from the plurality of ropes are periodically arranged on the winch drum in the defined first arrangement order. The first order of arrangement indicates how the ropes are wound up and arranged adjacent to one another on the winch drum. The second order of arrangement, on the other hand, indicates how the cables run or are arranged adjacent to one another over the deflection pulley. The first arrangement order does not correspond to the second arrangement order. By adapting the order of arrangement in this way, contact or rubbing between the ropes, in particular between the rope run-off point and the deflection pulley, can be prevented, which reduces wear on the ropes and thus increases safety and reduces maintenance costs incurred.

In another aspect, the plurality of ropes can be six and the first order of arrangement can be 1,2,3,4,5,6 and the second order of arrangement can be 3,5,1,6,2,4.

In other words, there can be six ropes that can be wound on the winch drum. If the first arrangement order of the ropes 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6 for the six ropes on the winch drum is specified, in relation to this naming / numbering, the second arrangement order of the six ropes when passing through the deflection pulley can be 3, 5 , 1, 6, 2, 4.

In a further aspect, grooves can be formed on the lateral surface of the winch drum, which are provided and formed to accommodate the plurality of cables.

In another aspect, the grooves may be oriented at an angle to the central axis of the winch drum.

In a further aspect, all cables of the plurality of cables can have a defined, uniform diameter.

In a further aspect, the winch drum and the deflection pulley can be arranged in relation to one another in such a way that the ropes do not contact one another at any point after unwinding or after the rope run-off point.

character list

• 1 shows a winch drum of a machine train with a deflection pulley;
• 2 shows an enlarged view of the winch drum of a machine train with the deflection pulley;
• 3 shows a schematic representation of the winch drum.

Description of the exemplary embodiments

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below based on the accompanying figures.

1 shows a winch 1 of a load bar train, which is designed as a machine train. The winch 1 includes a winch drum 2. The winch drum 2 is essentially cylindrical and includes a lateral surface 4, which forms a peripheral surface of the winch drum 2. The winch drum 2 is rotatably mounted in a carriage 8 relative to a center axis MW of the winch drum 2 . The carriage 8 contains vertical bearing plates 9 and horizontal connecting elements 10. The carriage 8 with the winch drum 2 is designed to be linearly movable along a linear guide with a strut profile 11. In other words, the carriage 8 can move relative to the linear guide with strut profile 11 in a direction parallel to the central axis MW of the winch drum 2 . The carriage 8 and the linear guide with the strut profile 11 are connected to one another in particular in such a way that only movement in the direction parallel to the central axis MW of the winch drum 2 is possible. A vertical end stop 12 is formed at one longitudinal end of the linear guide with strut profile 11 . The vertical end stop 12 is preferably connected to the linear guide with strut profile 11 in a form-fitting and/or material-to-material manner. A spindle 13 extends between the winch drum 2 and the vertical end stop 12. The spindle 13 extends along the center axis MW of the winch drum 2 and is provided and designed to move the carriage 8 together with the winch drum 2 in the direction parallel to the center axis MW to move along the linear guide with strut profile 11. The winch drum 2 is connected to a drive, preferably in the form of an electric motor (not shown). Optionally, a gear can be formed between the winch drum 2 and the drive. The drive is provided and designed to rotate the winch drum 2 about the central axis MW. As a result of the rotation of the winch drum 2, on the one hand a strand of rope 3 is wound onto the lateral surface 4 of the winch drum 2 and on the other hand the winch drum 2 is wound along the longitudinal direction of the spindle 13, which is firmly connected to the end stop 12, by means of a spindle nut 7 which is screwed into the winch drum and which is screwed into the spindle 13 intervenes, moves.

The winch drum 2 is provided and designed to accommodate a multiplicity of ropes that are combined into the rope strand 3 and wound up on the lateral surface 4 . In other words, the large number of cables can be wound parallel to one another around the lateral surface 4 of the winch drum 2 . In the embodiment shown here, the rope strand 3 is discharged in the direction parallel to the center axis MW of the winch drum 2 . In order to enable a discharge in this direction, a deflection roller 6 is fixed with a holder 14 on the linear guide with strut profile 11, preferably with a form fit and/or material connection. The deflection roller 6 is rotatably mounted in relation to a central axis MU of the deflection roller 6 . The central axis MU of the deflection roller 6 is aligned essentially orthogonally to the central axis MW of the winch drum 2 .

2 shows an enlarged view of the winch drum 2 and the deflection pulley 6 in a state in which the rope strand 3 is wound up or unwound on the winch drum 2. During winding or unwinding, the rope strand 3 detaches from the outer surface 4 of the winch drum 2 at a rope run-off point 5 essentially in a tangential direction. In the embodiment shown here, the number of ropes that form the rope strand 3 is six. In a first order of arrangement, in a direction from left to right, in the direction parallel to the central axis MW of the winch drum 2, a first cable 31 is adjacent to a second cable 32, which is adjacent to a third cable 33, which is adjacent to a fourth cable 34, which is arranged next to a fifth rope 35, which is arranged next to a sixth rope 36 on the winch drum 2. In other words, the ropes one to six are wound parallel to one another in a composite around the lateral surface 4 of the winch drum 2 . Here, the ropes one to six form the rope strand 3, in particular as a ribbon-shaped strand, the rope strand 3 being wound around the winch drum 2 in such a way that the first arrangement order of the ropes one to six is obtained for each winding of the rope strand around the winch drum 2 remains. In still other words, the first arrangement order of the ropes is periodic in the direction parallel to the central axis MW of the winch drum 2. The first arrangement order in which the first rope 31 is arranged next to the second rope 32, which is arranged next to the third rope 33, which is arranged next to the fourth rope 34, which is arranged next to the fifth rope 35, which is arranged next to the sixth rope 36 remains constant for each turn of the rope strand around the winch drum 2. Between the cable run-off point 5 and the deflection pulley 6, the order in which the cables are arranged changes from one to six. In other words, there is a second order of arrangement on the deflection roller 6 . In the second order of arrangement, in a left-right direction, in a direction parallel to the central axis MU of the deflection pulley 6, the third cable 33 is next to the fifth cable 35, next to the first cable 31, next to the sixth cable 36 next to the second Cable 32 arranged next to the fourth cable 34. This ensures that ropes one to six do not touch one another between the rope run-off point 5 and the deflection pulley 6 when ropes one to six change their orientation.

Furthermore, the outer surface 4 of the winch drum 2 is formed with grooves 15 . The grooves 15 are provided and designed to receive the cables 3 parallel to each other. The grooves 15 are formed essentially in the circumferential direction of the winch drum 2 , the grooves 15 being formed helically on the lateral surface 4 . Guide grooves 16 are also formed in the deflection roller 6 . The guide grooves 16 are formed essentially in the circumferential direction of the deflection roller 6 .

In 3 a winding or unwinding process of ropes one to six on the winch drum 2 is shown schematically. The grooves 15 formed in the lateral surface 4 are formed at an angle to the direction of the central axis MW. The first to sixth ropes 31 to 36 are wound around the winch drum 2 in the first periodic arrangement order. The first arrangement order of the first to sixth cords 31 to 36 remains constant for each turn. A distance b is the distance between the two cable run-off points 5 that are furthest apart from one another, shown here as an example for the first cable 31 . For better illustration, the first cable 31 is highlighted in dark. The distance b corresponds to a maximum travel distance that the deflection roller 6 has to travel relative to the winch drum 2 in order to be able to reliably pick up and deflect the first to sixth cables 31-36.

In the embodiment shown here, the deflection roller 6 is formed. Of course, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment. If the first to sixth ropes are to be discharged in a direction normal to the central axis MW of the winch drum 2, the deflection pulley 6 can be dispensed with.

In the embodiment shown here, the plurality of cables or the cable strand 3 includes the first to sixth cables 31 to 36. Of course, the present invention is not limited to this embodiment either and there can be more or fewer than six cables. In particular, there must be two or more ropes. The second order of arrangement can be matched to a number of cables.

The principle disclosed in the present invention can also be used in areas of application other than in theaters and opera houses.

Reference List

1

winch

2

winch drum

3

rope strand

31

first rope

32

second rope

33

third rope

34

fourth rope

35

fifth rope

36

sixth rope

4

lateral surface

5

rope release point

6

pulley

7

spindle nut

8th

Sleds

9

bearing plate

10

fastener

11

Linear guide with strut profile

12

vertical end stop

13

spindle

14

holder

15

groove

16

guide groove

MW

Central axis of the winch drum

MU

central axis of the pulley

Claims (8)

Load bar hoist, with a winch (1) which includes a winch drum (2) and with a large number of ropes (3), the winch drum (2) being provided and designed, the large number of ropes (3) on a lateral surface (4) of the to accommodate the winch drum (2) in a winding manner, the plurality of ropes (3) being bundled and running up and/or off the winch drum (2) without contact with one another during a winding and/or unwinding process, characterized in that the load bar train has a deflection roller (6 ) which is provided and designed to deflect the plurality of cables (3), with a central axis (MU) of the deflection pulley (6) being oriented normal to a central axis (MW) of the winch drum (2) and with a first arrangement sequence of the plurality of Ropes (3) on the winch drum (2) is different from a second order of arrangement of the plurality of ropes (3) on the deflection roller (6). load bar pull claim 1 , characterized in that the plurality of ropes (3) is wound in a periodic arrangement parallel to one another on the winch drum (2). load bar pull claim 1 or 2 , characterized in that the plurality of ropes (3) run up and/or run down simultaneously during the winding and/or unwinding process from the winch drum (2). Load bar hoist according to one of Claims 1 until 3 , characterized in that a turn of a first rope (31) in a state wound on the winch drum (2) is adjacent exclusively to turns of ropes other than the first rope (31) among the plurality of ropes (3). load bar pull claim 4 , characterized in that rope run-off points (5) of the first rope (31) on the winch drum (2) are spaced apart by a sum of diameters of the ropes of the plurality of ropes (3) other than the first rope (31). Load bar hoist according to one of Claims 1 until 5 , characterized in that the deflection roller (6) and the winch drum (2) are provided and designed to move towards one another in a direction parallel to the central axis (MW) of the winch drum (2). load bar pull claim 6 , characterized in that a maximum displacement path of the deflection roller (6) parallel to the winch drum (2) corresponds to a maximum distance (b) of the rope run-off points (5) of one of the ropes from the plurality of ropes (3). Load bar hoist according to one of Claims 1 until 7 characterized in that the plurality of cords (3) is six and the first arrangement order is 1,2,3,4,5,6 and the second arrangement order is 3,5,1,6,2,4.

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