DE102023002304A1 - Fusion nozzle for producing a synthetic composite thread - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a fusion nozzle (70) of a spinneret plate (20) for producing a synthetic composite thread which has at least a first polymer melt (51) and a second polymer melt (52, 54), wherein the fusion nozzle (70) has at least one first sinking channel (40) for supplying the first polymer melt and a second sinking channel (41, 42) and/or third sinking channel for supplying the second polymer melt for each polymer melt (51, 52, 54), and each sinking channel has a capillary channel for extruding the polymer melt at a melt collection point (80) on the melt spinning surface (88) of the spinneret plate. The capillary channel is inclined relative to the sinking channel towards a melt collection point (80). The invention further relates to a melt spinning device (1) for producing a synthetic composite thread with the fusion nozzle (70).

Description

The invention relates to a fusing nozzle for producing a synthetic composite thread comprising at least a first polymer melt and a second polymer melt.

Fusion nozzles for producing synthetic composite threads are known from the general state of the art.

DE 26 236 72 A1 describes a melt nozzle for the production of an antistatic synthetic textile thread, in which the capillaries of the melt nozzle are combined in a capillary channel in the melt nozzle plate for each bicomposite thread.

DE 5 365 74 C describes a spinneret with continuous nozzle holes arranged in groups for producing a synthetic thread, in which the plastic melt can be melted into a thread shortly after it emerges from the holes.

EP 1 048 760 A1 describes a process for a multi-segmented thread, in which nozzle outlets arranged in groups in the spinneret are involved, which allow the filaments formed in the nozzle outlets to be combined to form a thread by means of a bulge formation at the nozzle outlet.

A disadvantage of the above-mentioned devices and methods for forming a multiple thread is that the combined plastic melts at the nozzle outlet often do not produce a consistent combination and consolidation of the plastic filaments formed in each case and an intentional or unintentional separation of the filament thread sections can occur in the further processing process.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a fusion nozzle for producing a synthetic composite thread, which allows a secure and permanent connection and fusion of the polymer melts brought together via the fusion nozzle.

Furthermore, it is an object of the invention to provide a melt spinning device which has a fusion nozzle with which the above-mentioned disadvantages can be avoided or reduced.

With regard to the fusion nozzle, the object is achieved according to the invention with a fusion nozzle having the features of claim 1.

According to one aspect of the invention, there is provided a fusion nozzle of a spinneret plate for producing a synthetic composite thread comprising at least a first polymer melt and a second polymer melt, wherein the fusion nozzle has for each polymer melt at least a first sink channel for supplying the first polymer melt and a second sink channel and/or a third sink channel for supplying the second polymer melt and each sink channel has a capillary channel for extruding the polymer melt at a melt collection point on the melt spinning surface of the spinneret plate. The capillary channel is inclined relative to the sink channel towards the melt collection point.

A sinking channel is understood here in particular to mean a bore in the spinneret plate which allows a predetermined amount of polymer melt to be guided to the capillary channel which is connected to the sinking channel in a fluid-tight connection.

The sink channel may preferably have a larger diameter than the capillary channel, which simplifies the manufacture of the sink channel.

The capillary channel is inclined relative to the countersink channel at a predetermined angle. The predetermined inclination of the capillary channel relative to the countersink channel is difficult to produce, particularly with certain materials of the spinneret plate, especially when a plurality of capillary channels are to be produced at a predetermined angle relative to the countersink channel.

The different inclinations of the sinking channel to the capillary channel allow for simpler production, which is more cost-effective and leads to a better quality result.

Furthermore, the different inclination of the capillary channel relative to the sink channel allows a denser arrangement of the melt nozzle in the spinneret plate, so that a larger number of composite threads can be produced with the same spinneret plate.

According to a special design of the fusion nozzle, the mouths of the first, second and/or third capillary outlet are spaced adjacent to one another in such a way that the polymer melts guided in the capillary channels can be arranged laterally next to one another and fused together after exiting the mouths.

The mouths of the capillary outlets of the respective capillary channels are adjacent to each other Preferably, a distance is formed between the orifices. This ensures that the polymer melts only come into contact after exiting the orifices and can nestle securely against one another laterally, so that a secure fusion and connection of the polymer melts to form a composite filament or composite thread is possible.

According to a further embodiment of the fusion nozzle, the cross-sectional shape of the mouths of the first and second capillary outlets in the plane of extension of the melt spinning surface is essentially oval-shaped.

An improved fusion and connection of the respective polymer melts at the melt collection point is achieved in that the oval-shaped cross-sectional shapes allow a more precise supply of the polymer melt at specific points, in particular towards the melt collection point, whereby a better fusion and connection of the polymer melts at the melt collection point can be carried out.

According to a further embodiment of the melting nozzle, the sinking channels are arranged substantially parallel to one another and the capillary channels extend from the sinking channel to the melt collection point with a predetermined inclination, wherein the distance of the capillary channels decreases from the sinking channels to the melt collection point.

With this tapered arrangement of the capillary channels from the sink channels to the melt collection point, an improved fusion and bonding of the polymer melts to form a composite filament is also possible.

According to a further embodiment of the fusion nozzle, the extension direction of the capillary channels is inclined relative to the extension direction of the sinking channels at a predetermined angle α in the range of 80 to 160°.

By inclining the capillary channels towards the sinking channels, the polymer melts can be fed closer together at the collection point, but at the same time no space and/or space requirement is lost in the thickness direction of the spinning plate, since the sinking channels can be arranged in a compressed manner to form a predetermined area without the capillary channels losing their advantageous arrangement.

According to a further embodiment of the fusion nozzle, the sinking channel has, on the one hand, a sinking channel inlet and, on the other hand, a base hole, wherein a capillary inlet of the capillary channel is adjacent to the base hole at a predetermined angle.

The polymer melt is fed into the sink channel via the sink channel entrance, collected at the bottom hole and guided via the bottom hole through the angled capillary entrance of the capillary channel to the melt collection point. This allows better utilization of the sink channel, especially if the sink channel is a counterbore, which usually has a bottom hole whose diameter tapers towards the capillary entrance.

According to another design of the fusion nozzle, the sinking channel has a larger diameter than the capillary channel.

The sink channel is provided with a larger diameter than the capillary channel, so that easier manufacturing and better feeding of the channel feed for the polymer melt can be provided.

In addition, drill bits with a larger overall diameter can be used, which in turn makes it easier to create the countersunk hole.

Depending on the required titer of the composite thread, the diameter of the capillary channel is smaller than that of the sinking channel. In addition, a smaller capillary channel diameter allows for better merging and fusing of polymer melts at the melt collection point.

According to a further design of the fusion nozzle, the base hole of the sinking channel is essentially pyramid-shaped.

The pyramid-shaped tapering of the base hole towards the capillary channel allows a more precise and accurate supply of the polymer melt to the capillary channel. This also prevents deposits and blockages in the sink channel. This means that the sink channel is self-cleaning simply by supplying the polymer melt, as there are no areas in which the polymer melt can settle due to different flow rates.

According to a further design of the melting nozzle, the capillary inlet of the capillary channel is connected to the tip of the pyramid-shaped base hole and the capillary outlet is adjacent to the melt collection point of the nozzle plate, so that the guided polymer melt only enters the melt collection point of the spinneret comes into contact with each other.

By spacing the capillary outlets at the melt collection point, a safe, spaced-apart supply of the polymer melt is possible, while also ensuring that the fusion of the polymer melts to one another can be achieved permanently and safely.

The object with regard to a melt spinning device is achieved according to the invention with a melt spinning device having the features according to claim 10.

According to one aspect of the invention, a melt spinning device is provided for producing a synthetic composite thread comprising at least a first polymer melt and a second polymer melt, with a fusing nozzle according to at least one of the preceding embodiments.

The fusion nozzle according to the invention and the associated melt spinning device are explained in more detail below using some embodiments of the fusion nozzle according to the invention and the associated melt spinning device with the fusion nozzle with reference to the attached figures.

• 1 schematisch eine Teilschnittansicht einer Schmelzspinneinrichtung, die eine Pumpeneinrichtung, eine Schmelzezufuhr und ein Spinnpaket mit der erfindungsgemäßen Verschmelzungsdüse aufweist,
• 2 schematisch eine Detailansicht des in 1 gezeigten Spinnpaketes,
• 3 eine Teilschnittansicht der Verschmelzungsdüse gemäß der Schnittführung C-C aus 4,
• 4 eine Draufsicht auf die Verschmelzungsdüse gemäß der Schnittführung A-A aus 3,
• 5 eine Unteransicht der Verschmelzungsdüse gemäß der Sichtführung B-B aus 3, und
• 6 schematische Ansichten der Kompositfaden, die mit der Verschmelzungsdüse ausbildbar sind.

They represent:

• 1 schematically a partial sectional view of a melt spinning device having a pump device, a melt feed and a spinning package with the melting nozzle according to the invention,
• 2 schematically a detailed view of the 1 shown spinning package,
• 3 a partial sectional view of the fusion nozzle according to the section CC from 4 ,
• 4 a top view of the fusion nozzle according to section AA from 3 ,
• 5 a bottom view of the fusion nozzle according to the visual guide BB from 3 , and
• 6 Schematic views of the composite threads that can be formed with the fusion nozzle.

In 1 a reference coordinate system with XYZ direction is specified, where the Z direction indicates the vertical extension of the melt spinning device, the X direction indicates the width direction of the melt spinning device and the Y direction indicates the depth direction of the melt spinning device.

Furthermore, in 1 a melt spinning device 1 is shown, which has a heat transfer medium supply 2, which can supply a heat transfer medium into a heat transfer medium chamber 4.

The heat transfer medium is preferably Diphyl, which allows the polymer melt of a first polymer melt 51 and a second or third polymer melt 52, 54 guided in the melt feed line 9 to be kept at a predetermined temperature. The first and second polymer melts 51, 52 and third polymer melt 53 are melted side-by-side in the melt spinning device 1 to form a composite thread, preferably with a trilobal shape.

The melt spinning device 1 has a heat transfer chamber 4 to which a heat transfer supply 2 is connected. The heat transfer medium, in particular Diphyl, can be supplied via the heat transfer supply 2, for example, which allows heat regulation and maintenance of the thermal state of the components arranged in the heat transfer chamber 4.

The melt spinning device 1 further comprises, as in 1 shown, a spinning beam 14 in which a spinning package 16 is arranged. With the spinning package 16, spinneret plates are arranged, in particular the spinneret plate 20 in which the fusion nozzles 70 according to the invention (see 3 ) are provided.

In the assembled state, the spinneret plates each form a melt distribution line 21, 22, as can be seen in particular from 2 visible.

The first melt distribution line 21 is designed in particular for supplying a second polymer melt 52, while the second melt distribution line 22 is provided in particular for a first polymer melt 51. Alternatively, a third melt distribution line can be provided for a third polymer melt 54.

The first polymer melt 51 advantageously has different properties, in particular a different viscosity, than the second or third polymer melt 52, 54.

A distinction is made here between a first, second and third polymer melt 51, 52, 54 because the fusion nozzle 70 can be used to form composite threads in a particularly trilobal shape.

The trilobal composite thread is in 6 shown schematically, where the respective composite thread sections with a different poly melting point 51, 52, 54 can be supplied and trained.

Advantageously, however, only the second polymer melt 52 will be different from the first and third polymer melts 51, 54.

The first polymer melt 51 and the third polymer melt 54 are advantageously made of the same polymer melt and are fed via the same melt distribution line 22, while the second polymer melt 52 is fed via the first melt distribution line 21, as can be seen from the 1 and 2 can be removed.

Further reference to 1 and 2 .

In order to ensure a constant supply of the first, second and third polymer melts 51, 52, 54 via a melt supply housing 6, to which the first and second melt supply lines 7, 9 are connected, a pump device 12 is provided, which is arranged in a pump housing 8 and is driven by means of a pump drive shaft 10. The pump drive shaft 10 is coupled to a corresponding gear or drive, so that a constant flow of the polymer melts into the spinning beam 14 towards the spinning package 16 can be ensured.

As further from 1 and 2 As can be seen, the spinning pack 16 has a first melt inflow 18 for the second polymer melt 52 and a second melt inflow 19 for the first and third polymer melts 51, 54, respectively, which are formed with the associated melt distribution plates 25, so that a strictly separate supply of the first, second and third polymer melts to the fusing nozzle 70 is possible.

In 2 the exact course of the second polymer melt 52 in the first melt inflow 18 of the spinning pack 16 is indicated. The course of the second polymer melt 52 towards the associated capillary outlets 30 of the fusion nozzle 70 can be clearly seen here.

Furthermore, the second melt inflow 19 is also indicated via the first and third polymer melts 51, 5, which are distributed via the melt distribution plates 25 and fed to the respective capillary outlets 31 and 32, so that the 6 shown trilobal composite thread can be formed.

The different characteristics of the respective polymer sections, as in 6 shown, can be adjusted by the corresponding feed quantity of polymer melt. The optimal proportions of polymer melts 51 and 54, but also 52, are each equal. Depending on the pumping power and the residence time in the corresponding melt lines, differences can occur here.

Preferably, the melt supply lines 7, 9 in the heat transfer chamber 4 and also the melt distribution lines 21, 22 in the spin pack 16 are designed such that the inflow duration and the inflow distance for each polymer melt are always constant and the same.

In 3 The fusion nozzle 70 is shown on an enlarged scale, according to section CC from 4 .

The fusion nozzle 70 has a first, second and third sinking channel 40, 41 and 42.

The sinking channel 40, 41 and 42 can each advantageously be produced by means of a bore. Therefore, the sinking channel 40, 41, 42 each has a pyramid-shaped base hole 44, 47, 48. The associated capillary channel 34, 35, 36 adjoins the base hole 44, 47, 48 in a fluid-tight manner. The sinking channel 40, 41, 42 each has a first, second and third sinking channel inlet 43, 45, 46, via which the associated polymer melt is supplied with polymer melt via the melt inflow 18, 19 formed in the spin pack 16 and the associated spinneret plates 20.

As further from 3 As can be seen, the first, second and third capillary channels 34, 35, 36 have a first, second and third capillary inlet 37, 38, 39, which is connected in a fluid-tight manner to the base hole 44, 47, 48 of the respective sinking channel 40, 41, 42, so that the polymer melt can be brought together at a melt collection point 80 on a melt spinning surface 88 of the spinneret plate 20 or the fusion nozzle 70, so that the in 6 shown trilobal composite thread 50 can be formed.

Furthermore, 3 the in 4 and 5 The top and bottom views shown are displayed in corresponding symbols.

The top view AA is in 4 shown, while the bottom view BB in 5 shown, each from the fusion nozzle 70.

4 shows a top view of the fusing nozzle 70 according to the top view guide AA of 3 It can be seen in particular that the respective countersink channel 40, 41, 42 has a constant diameter, with the exception of the pyramid-shaped base hole 44, 47, 48.

The sinking channels 40, 41, 42 are arranged essentially over the component height of the spinneret plate 20 parallel to one another in their direction of extension, wherein the adjoining capillary channels 34, 35, 36 are each arranged inclined to the sinking channels 40, 41, 42 and extend at a predetermined angle of inclination α relative to the direction of extension of the sinking channels 40, 41, 42, so that the capillary outlets 30, 31, 32 can be arranged closer to one another with respect to the direction of extension of the sinking channels 40, 41, 42 at a melt collection point 80, which improves and ensures the fusion at the melt spinning surface 88 of the fusion nozzle 70.

In a preferred embodiment, as well as in 5 As shown, the capillary outlets 37, 38, 39 are arranged at a predetermined distance A relative to each other, so that the polymer melts do not fuse directly at the melt collection point, but at a predetermined distance A.

In an embodiment not shown, the capillary outlets 37, 38, 39 can have an oval-shaped cross-section due to the inclination α of the capillary channels 34, 35, 36 relative to the direction of extension of the sinking channels 40, 41, 42 or to the melt spinning surface 88, which improves the fusion of the supplied polymer melt.

Further in relation to 4 different embodiments of a trilobal composite thread 50 are shown, wherein the first, second and third polymer melts 51, 52, 54 form the respective trilobal section of the composite thread 50.

Depending on the control of the pump and the inflow quantity, different cross-sectional sections of the respective trilobal sections of the composite thread 50 can be formed from the first, second and/or third polymer melts 51, 52, 54.

list of reference symbols

1

melt spinning device

2

heat transfer medium supply

4

heat transfer chamber

6

first melt feed housing

7

first melt supply line

8

pump housing

9

second melt supply line

10

first pump drive shaft

12

first pumping device

14

spinning beam

16

spinning pack

18

first melt inflow

19

second melt inflow

20

spinneret plate

21

first melt distribution line

22

second melt distribution line

25

melt distribution plate

30, 31, 32

first, second, third capillary exit

34, 35, 36

first, second, third capillary channel,

37, 38, 39

first, second, third capillary entrance

40, 41, 42

first, second, third sink channel

43, 45, 46

first, second, third sink channel entrance

44, 47, 48

first, second, third base hole

50

composite thread

51, 52, 54

first, second, third polymer melt

70

fusion nozzle

80

melt collection point

88

melt spinning surface

QUOTES INCLUDED IN THE DESCRIPTION

This list of documents listed by the applicant was generated automatically and is included solely for the better information of the reader. The list is not part of the German patent or utility model application. The DPMA accepts no liability for any errors or omissions.

Cited patent literature

• DE 26 236 72 A1 [0003]
• DE 5 365 74 C [0004]
• EP 1 048 760 A1 [0005]

Claims (10)

Fusion nozzle (70) of a spinneret plate (20) for producing a synthetic composite thread which has at least a first polymer melt (51) and a second polymer melt (52, 54), wherein the fusion nozzle (70) has for each polymer melt (51, 52, 54) at least a first sinking channel (40) for supplying the first polymer melt and a second sinking channel (41, 42) and/or third sinking channel for supplying the second polymer melt and each sinking channel has a capillary channel for extruding the polymer melt at a melt collection point (80) on the melt spinning surface (88) of the spinneret plate, characterized in that the capillary channel is inclined relative to the sinking channel towards a melt collection point (80). fusion nozzle after claim 1 , characterized in that the mouths of the first, the second and/or the third capillary outlet are spaced adjacent to one another in such a way that the polymer melt guided in the capillary channels can be arranged laterally next to one another and fused together after exiting the mouths. Fusion nozzle (70) according to at least one of the preceding Claims 1 until 2 , characterized in that the cross-sectional shape of the mouths of the first, the second capillary outlet and/or the third capillary outlet in the plane of extension of the melt spinning surface (88) is substantially oval-shaped. Melting nozzle (70) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sinking channels are arranged substantially parallel to one another and the capillary channels extend from the sinking channel towards a melt collection point with a predetermined inclination, wherein the distance of the capillary channels decreases from the sinking channels towards the melt collection point. Fusion nozzle (70) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the extension direction of the capillary channels is inclined relative to the extension direction of the sinking channels at a predetermined angle (α) in the range of 80 to 160°. Fusion nozzle (70) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sinking channel has on the one hand a sinking channel inlet (43, 45, 46) and on the other hand a base hole (44, 47, 48), wherein a capillary inlet of the capillary channel adjoins the base hole at a predetermined angle. Fusion nozzle (70) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the sinking channel has a larger diameter than the capillary channel. Fusion nozzle (70) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the bottom hole of the countersinking channel is substantially pyramid-shaped. Fusion nozzle (70) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the capillary inlet of the capillary channel adjoins the tip of the pyramid-shaped base hole and the capillary outlet adjoins the melt collection point of the spinneret plate (20), so that the guided polymer melts only come into contact with one another at the melt collection point of the spinneret plate 20. Melt spinning device (1) for producing a synthetic composite thread which has at least a first polymer melt (51) and a second polymer melt (52, 54), with a melting nozzle (70) according to at least one of the preceding Claims 1 until 9

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