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EP0546811A1 - Système optique adaptable simple - Google Patents

Système optique adaptable simple Download PDF

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Publication number
EP0546811A1
EP0546811A1 EP92311213A EP92311213A EP0546811A1 EP 0546811 A1 EP0546811 A1 EP 0546811A1 EP 92311213 A EP92311213 A EP 92311213A EP 92311213 A EP92311213 A EP 92311213A EP 0546811 A1 EP0546811 A1 EP 0546811A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wavefront
deformable mirror
optical system
signals
adaptive optical
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP92311213A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
David H. Kittell
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Raytheon Co
Original Assignee
Hughes Aircraft Co
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Hughes Aircraft Co filed Critical Hughes Aircraft Co
Publication of EP0546811A1 publication Critical patent/EP0546811A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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Classifications

    • G—PHYSICS
    • G02—OPTICS
    • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
    • G02B26/00—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements
    • G02B26/06—Optical devices or arrangements for the control of light using movable or deformable optical elements for controlling the phase of light
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01J—MEASUREMENT OF INTENSITY, VELOCITY, SPECTRAL CONTENT, POLARISATION, PHASE OR PULSE CHARACTERISTICS OF INFRARED, VISIBLE OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT; COLORIMETRY; RADIATION PYROMETRY
    • G01J9/00—Measuring optical phase difference; Determining degree of coherence; Measuring optical wavelength

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to apparatus for adaptive optics and, more particularly, to a simple adaptive optical system for correcting wavefront distortions.
  • Wavefront distortion results from imperfect telescope optical quality and atomospheric turbulence.
  • the current method of reducing such distortion is through adaptive optical sensing and correction.
  • a system comprised of a nineteen channel deformable mirror, a thirty channel Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor, a planar two-axis, tip/tilt mirror, and a high-speed computer is used for correcting wavefront nonuniformities.
  • the computer in this system is used to provide real-time feedback from the sensor to the two adjustable mirrors.
  • the present invention provides a simpler and thereby less expensive means of correcting incoming telescopic wavefront distortions than prior art systems.
  • This invention contemplates an adaptive optical control system comprising a lightweight, actuator-deformable mirror which reflects an incoming telescopic wavefront to a modified Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor.
  • the wavefront sensor detects the slope of the incoming wavefront at several different locations across the incident beam and provides a set of analog signals, representing the slope of the wavefront at each of these locations, to a corresponding set of actuator drive circuits.
  • These drive circuits perform both direct and difference amplification on the analog slope signals and subsequently provide excitation signals to a corresponding set of deformable mirror actuators.
  • the excitation signals provided to these actuators serve to shape the surface of the mirror, thereby correcting distortions in the incoming telescopic wavefront as detected by the wavefront sensor.
  • This simple adaptive optical system does not require a costly computer system to provide real-time feedback from the wavefront sensor to the deformable mirror.
  • a system such as the present invention can become more complex as the number of detection sensing and correction channels increase, in its present form it should provide distortion correction through third order aberrations in the incoming telescopic wavefront.
  • a primary objective of the present invention is to provide a means for economically correcting wavefront distortions in telescopic systems.
  • Another objective of the present invention is to provide a means for correcting wavefront distortions through direct analog coupling of a wavefront sensor to an actuator-deformable mirror.
  • Another objective of the present invention is to provide a means for correcting wavefront distortions without the need for costly computer control.
  • Figure 1 is a schematic illustration of a simple, direct coupled, adaptive optical system.
  • Figure 2A is a rear view of an eight channel, actuator deformable mirror.
  • Figure 2B is a cross-sectional view of the mirror of Figure 2A.
  • Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view of an eight channel, actuator-deformable mirror mounted to a voice-coil actuated, tip/tilt mount.
  • Figure 4A is a top view of a modified Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor.
  • Figure 4B is a cross-sectional view of the sensor of Figure 4A.
  • a distorted incoming telescopic wavefront 10 is incident upon an actuator-deformable mirror 11 which is mounted to a two-axis, tip/tilt mount 12 .
  • the reflection of this wavefront 10 by the mirror 11 produces a beam 13 which is incident upon a beamsplitter 14 .
  • the beamsplitter 14 divides this incident beam 13 into two separate beams 15, 20 of predetermined ratio.
  • One portion 20 of the beam is reflected by the beamsplitter 14 and used for purposes such as experimentation and measurement.
  • Another portion 15 of the beam is transmitted by the beamsplitter 14 and is incident upon a modified Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor 16 .
  • the modified Hartmann-Shack sensor 16 detects the slope of the wavefront at several different locations across this incident beam 15 .
  • a set of analog slope signals 17 corresponding to the wavefront slope detected at these locations, is generated by the sensor 16 and provided to a series of operational amplifier actuator drive circuits 18 .
  • These actuator drive circuits 18 perform both direct and difference amplification on the analog slope signals 17 and provide excitation signals 19 to the actuators in the deformable mirror 11 and the two-axis, tip/tilt mount 12 .
  • the application of the excitation signals 19 to the mirror and mount actuators 11 , 12 results in the reformation and the repositioning of the mirror 11 , respectively, with respect to the incoming telescopic wavefront 10 , thereby compensating for distortions in the wavefront as detected by the wavefront sensor 16 .
  • each channel includes either a piezo-electric or electrostrictive actuator 22 , which when excited modifies the curvature of the mirror in the area corresponding to the difference in detected slope.
  • Tensioning rods 24 and springs 26 provide a preload mechanism for the piezo-electric or elecaostrictive actuators 22 due to the inherent unidirectional expansion characteristics of these types of actuators 22 when they are electrically excited.
  • the number of channels, and hence the number of actuators 22 may be more or less than eight depending upon the degree of distortion correction that is required.
  • the eight channel deformable mirror 11 is attached to the two-axis, tip/tilt mount 12 through two, orthogonally-positioned voice-coil actuator sets and a series of elastic flexures 32 .
  • the cross-sectional view shown in Figure 3 reveals only one actuator set 30 .
  • a voice-coil actuator set 30 includes two voice-coil drivers 31 , each of which is positioned along the outside edge of the mirror 11 at opposite ends of its diameter. These voice-coil drivers 31 are shown in cross-section in Figure 3 and are cylindrical in shape.
  • a wire coil 33 is wound about the upper outer periphery of each voice-coil driver 31 .
  • the two voice-coil drivers 31 in each voice-coil actuator set 30 act in unison to provide a one-dimensional tilt of the entire deformable mirror structure 11 about a central axis point 34 .
  • the two voice-coil actuator set arrangement provides two-dimensional first order tilt correction of the reflecting surface 28 as detected by the Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor 16 .
  • FIG. 4A and 4B there is shown a modified Hartmann-Shack wavefront sensor 16 with a single two-dimensional sensor 40 positioned in the center and eight one-dimensional sensors 42 positioned along the periphery.
  • a typical Hartmann-Shack sensor contains only the more complex two-dimensional sensors.
  • the two-dimensional sensor 40 called the central sensor, includes a lens 44 which projects a beam 45 upon a quad detector 48 .
  • the eight one-dimensional sensors 42 called peripheral limb sensors, each include a lens 46 which projects a beam 47 upon a corresponding dual detector 49 . Since the beams 45, 47 produced in each of these sensors 40, 42 are converging, the image produced from these beams 45, 47 upon the surface of the corresponding detectors 48, 49 is a spot. The position of each spot is detected through an electro-optical process which produces an analog signal 17 (see Figure 1) representing the slope of the wavefront 15 incident upon the corresponding sensor lens.
  • the actuator drive circuits 18 which process the analog slope signals 17 are different for each type of mirror actuator 22, 30 .
  • the excitation signals 19 for the two voice-coil actuator sets are derived directly from the slope detected by the central two-dimensional sensor 40 of the modified Hartmann-Shack sensor 16 .
  • the slope detected by the central sensor 40 is amplified and applied to the corresponding voice-coil actuator set 30 , the position of the entire mirror structure 11 is adjusted to reduce any offsets in this detected slope.
  • the excitation signals 19 for the piezo-electric or electrostrictive actuators 22 are derived from the difference in detected slope between the central sensor 40 and the limb sensors 42 . This difference in detected slope is referred to as the curvature error.
  • the curvature error When the curvature error between the central sensor 40 and a particular limb sensor 42 is amplified and applied to the corresponding actuator 22 , the formation of the mirror surface is modified to reduce the curvature error of the deformable mirror 11 in that particular area.
  • the distortions in the beam 13 reflected by the deformable mirror 11 are reduced. This reduction in distortions allows for experimentation and measurement performed on the portion of the beam 20 reflected by the beamsplitter 14 to be accomplished with greater overall accuracy.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Spectroscopy & Molecular Physics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Optics & Photonics (AREA)
  • Mechanical Light Control Or Optical Switches (AREA)
  • Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
  • Telescopes (AREA)
EP92311213A 1991-12-10 1992-12-09 Système optique adaptable simple Withdrawn EP0546811A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US805401 1991-12-10
US07/805,401 US5229889A (en) 1991-12-10 1991-12-10 Simple adaptive optical system

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP0546811A1 true EP0546811A1 (fr) 1993-06-16

Family

ID=25191477

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP92311213A Withdrawn EP0546811A1 (fr) 1991-12-10 1992-12-09 Système optique adaptable simple

Country Status (3)

Country Link
US (1) US5229889A (fr)
EP (1) EP0546811A1 (fr)
JP (1) JPH05323213A (fr)

Cited By (16)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996035973A1 (fr) * 1996-05-06 1996-11-14 Yalestown Corporation N.V. Module optique adaptatif
FR2757277A1 (fr) * 1996-12-16 1998-06-19 Sfim Ind Dispositif pour la commande de la deformation d'un miroir d'un systeme optique
EP0921382A3 (fr) * 1997-12-04 2000-04-05 TRW Inc. Senseur optique de front d'onde du type Hartmann
WO2003083409A1 (fr) * 2002-03-28 2003-10-09 Honeywell International, Inc. Systeme de mesure pour structure de rayonnement magnetique (miroir, optiques adaptatives)
EP1444539A4 (fr) * 2001-10-03 2005-08-17 Continuum Photonics Inc Appareil de commutation optique et d'orientation de faisceau
WO2006032878A1 (fr) * 2004-09-21 2006-03-30 Mbda Uk Limited Procede et appareil a optique adaptative
EP2189769A1 (fr) * 2008-11-19 2010-05-26 BAE Systems PLC Structure de miroir
WO2010058193A3 (fr) * 2008-11-19 2010-09-16 Bae Systems Plc Structure de miroir
EP1907898A4 (fr) * 2005-07-01 2010-11-24 Flir Systems Systeme de stabilisation d'image
CN105223688A (zh) * 2015-11-05 2016-01-06 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 一种激光光束波前校正系统及方法
CN105301759A (zh) * 2015-11-13 2016-02-03 中国人民解放军空军装备研究院雷达与电子对抗研究所 一种基于反射镜阵列的自适应光学补偿装置和补偿方法
US9298014B2 (en) 2005-07-01 2016-03-29 Flir Systems, Inc. Image stabilization system
CN112882224A (zh) * 2021-01-19 2021-06-01 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 一种波前控制方法
WO2023048876A1 (fr) * 2021-09-21 2023-03-30 X Development Llc Terminal de communication optique sans fil intégré sur puce
US11888530B2 (en) 2021-09-21 2024-01-30 X Development Llc Optical tracking module chip for wireless optical communication terminal
US11996886B2 (en) 2021-09-21 2024-05-28 X Development Llc Integrated on-chip wireless optical communication terminal

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US6271914B1 (en) 1996-11-25 2001-08-07 Autonomous Technologies Corporation Objective measurement and correction of optical systems using wavefront analysis
US5777719A (en) * 1996-12-23 1998-07-07 University Of Rochester Method and apparatus for improving vision and the resolution of retinal images
US5905591A (en) * 1997-02-18 1999-05-18 Lockheed Martin Corporation Multi-aperture imaging system
DE19733193B4 (de) * 1997-08-01 2005-09-08 Carl Zeiss Jena Gmbh Mikroskop mit adaptiver Optik
US6007204A (en) * 1998-06-03 1999-12-28 Welch Allyn, Inc. Compact ocular measuring system
DE69902549T2 (de) 1998-08-19 2003-04-17 Alcon, Inc. Gerät und verfahren zur messung von fehlsichtigkeiten eines menschlichen auges
US6598975B2 (en) * 1998-08-19 2003-07-29 Alcon, Inc. Apparatus and method for measuring vision defects of a human eye
US6199986B1 (en) 1999-10-21 2001-03-13 University Of Rochester Rapid, automatic measurement of the eye's wave aberration
US6717661B1 (en) 2000-01-26 2004-04-06 Science & Technology Corporation @ University Of New Mexico Fourier moire wavefront sensor
US6234631B1 (en) 2000-03-09 2001-05-22 Lasersight Technologies, Inc. Combination advanced corneal topography/wave front aberration measurement
US6394999B1 (en) 2000-03-13 2002-05-28 Memphis Eye & Cataract Associates Ambulatory Surgery Center Laser eye surgery system using wavefront sensor analysis to control digital micromirror device (DMD) mirror patterns
AU2001251172A1 (en) 2000-03-30 2001-10-15 Electro Scientific Industries, Inc. Laser system and method for single pass micromachining of multilayer workpieces
CA2376756A1 (fr) 2000-04-19 2001-10-25 Alcon Universal Ltd. Capteur de front d'onde permettant d'effectuer une mesure objective d'un systeme optique, et procedes associes
US6460997B1 (en) 2000-05-08 2002-10-08 Alcon Universal Ltd. Apparatus and method for objective measurements of optical systems using wavefront analysis
US6437321B1 (en) 2000-06-08 2002-08-20 The Boeing Company Method and apparatus to correct for thermally-induced wavefront distortion in crystal rods
US6763196B2 (en) * 2001-02-02 2004-07-13 Trex Enterprises Corporation Laser communication system with source tracking
JP2002277736A (ja) * 2001-03-21 2002-09-25 Olympus Optical Co Ltd 撮像装置
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US6827442B2 (en) * 2001-09-12 2004-12-07 Denwood F. Ross Ophthalmic wavefront measuring devices
EP1429132A1 (fr) * 2001-09-18 2004-06-16 Mitsubishi Denki Kabushiki Kaisha Dispositif et procede d'estimation, dispositif de reglage, et un procede de correction d'un mauvais alignement d'un systeme optique
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CN1831559B (zh) * 2006-04-14 2011-01-12 中国科学院光电技术研究所 基于倾斜校正的卫星激光测距系统
CN100573229C (zh) * 2006-07-17 2009-12-23 中国科学院光电技术研究所 基于共轭成像的组合式波前校正器
US7772531B2 (en) * 2007-10-25 2010-08-10 University Of Victoria Innovation And Development Corporation Adaptive optics based system and method to generate and control multiple optical beams for trapping and manipulating small particles
US8792163B2 (en) * 2008-03-26 2014-07-29 Raytheon Company Low order adaptive optics by translating secondary mirror of off-aperture telescope
JP5146937B2 (ja) * 2008-04-07 2013-02-20 富士通株式会社 光波面制御システムおよび光波面制御方法
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Cited By (23)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO1996035973A1 (fr) * 1996-05-06 1996-11-14 Yalestown Corporation N.V. Module optique adaptatif
EP0779530A4 (fr) * 1996-05-06 1997-06-17 Yalestown Corp Nv Module optique adaptatif
FR2757277A1 (fr) * 1996-12-16 1998-06-19 Sfim Ind Dispositif pour la commande de la deformation d'un miroir d'un systeme optique
EP0921382A3 (fr) * 1997-12-04 2000-04-05 TRW Inc. Senseur optique de front d'onde du type Hartmann
EP1444539A4 (fr) * 2001-10-03 2005-08-17 Continuum Photonics Inc Appareil de commutation optique et d'orientation de faisceau
WO2003083410A1 (fr) * 2002-03-28 2003-10-09 Honeywell International, Inc. Reseau de commande distribue pour forme de structure de rayonnement electromagnetique flexible (miroir, optique adaptive)
US7012271B2 (en) 2002-03-28 2006-03-14 Honeywell International Inc. Electromagnetic radiation structure control system
US7038792B2 (en) 2002-03-28 2006-05-02 Honeywell International Inc. Measurement system for electromagnetic radiation structure
WO2003083409A1 (fr) * 2002-03-28 2003-10-09 Honeywell International, Inc. Systeme de mesure pour structure de rayonnement magnetique (miroir, optiques adaptatives)
WO2006032878A1 (fr) * 2004-09-21 2006-03-30 Mbda Uk Limited Procede et appareil a optique adaptative
US7862188B2 (en) 2005-07-01 2011-01-04 Flir Systems, Inc. Image detection improvement via compensatory high frequency motions of an undedicated mirror
US9298014B2 (en) 2005-07-01 2016-03-29 Flir Systems, Inc. Image stabilization system
EP1907898A4 (fr) * 2005-07-01 2010-11-24 Flir Systems Systeme de stabilisation d'image
EP2189769A1 (fr) * 2008-11-19 2010-05-26 BAE Systems PLC Structure de miroir
US8519315B2 (en) 2008-11-19 2013-08-27 Bae Systems Plc Mirror structure having a fourier lens disposed between a reflective surface and an integrated optical sensor
WO2010058193A3 (fr) * 2008-11-19 2010-09-16 Bae Systems Plc Structure de miroir
CN105223688A (zh) * 2015-11-05 2016-01-06 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 一种激光光束波前校正系统及方法
CN105301759A (zh) * 2015-11-13 2016-02-03 中国人民解放军空军装备研究院雷达与电子对抗研究所 一种基于反射镜阵列的自适应光学补偿装置和补偿方法
CN112882224A (zh) * 2021-01-19 2021-06-01 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 一种波前控制方法
CN112882224B (zh) * 2021-01-19 2021-12-14 中国工程物理研究院激光聚变研究中心 一种波前控制方法
WO2023048876A1 (fr) * 2021-09-21 2023-03-30 X Development Llc Terminal de communication optique sans fil intégré sur puce
US11888530B2 (en) 2021-09-21 2024-01-30 X Development Llc Optical tracking module chip for wireless optical communication terminal
US11996886B2 (en) 2021-09-21 2024-05-28 X Development Llc Integrated on-chip wireless optical communication terminal

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US5229889A (en) 1993-07-20
JPH05323213A (ja) 1993-12-07

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