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EP1753525B1 - Method and device for introducing ultrasound into a flowable medium - Google Patents

Method and device for introducing ultrasound into a flowable medium Download PDF

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Publication number
EP1753525B1
EP1753525B1 EP05750072A EP05750072A EP1753525B1 EP 1753525 B1 EP1753525 B1 EP 1753525B1 EP 05750072 A EP05750072 A EP 05750072A EP 05750072 A EP05750072 A EP 05750072A EP 1753525 B1 EP1753525 B1 EP 1753525B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
sonotrode
foil
film
liquid
medium
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Lifetime
Application number
EP05750072A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP1753525A1 (en
Inventor
Harald Hielscher
Holger Hielscher
Thomas Hielscher
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Dr Hielscher GmbH
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Dr Hielscher GmbH
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Publication of EP1753525A1 publication Critical patent/EP1753525A1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F31/00—Mixers with shaking, oscillating, or vibrating mechanisms
    • B01F31/80—Mixing by means of high-frequency vibrations above one kHz, e.g. ultrasonic vibrations
    • B01F31/84—Mixing by means of high-frequency vibrations above one kHz, e.g. ultrasonic vibrations for material continuously moving through a tube, e.g. by deforming the tube
    • B01F31/841—Mixing by means of high-frequency vibrations above one kHz, e.g. ultrasonic vibrations for material continuously moving through a tube, e.g. by deforming the tube with a vibrating element inside the tube
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F31/00—Mixers with shaking, oscillating, or vibrating mechanisms
    • B01F31/80—Mixing by means of high-frequency vibrations above one kHz, e.g. ultrasonic vibrations
    • B01F31/85—Mixing by means of high-frequency vibrations above one kHz, e.g. ultrasonic vibrations with a vibrating element inside the receptacle
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01F—MIXING, e.g. DISSOLVING, EMULSIFYING OR DISPERSING
    • B01F31/00—Mixers with shaking, oscillating, or vibrating mechanisms
    • B01F31/80—Mixing by means of high-frequency vibrations above one kHz, e.g. ultrasonic vibrations
    • B01F31/86—Mixing by means of high-frequency vibrations above one kHz, e.g. ultrasonic vibrations with vibration of the receptacle or part of it

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and a device for introducing ultrasound into a flowable medium by means of a sonotrode, wherein the flowable medium is not directly in contact with the sonotrode.
  • the WO94 / 04265 discloses a sonotrode protected by a tightly fixed membrane.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a method and an apparatus of the type mentioned, with which the wear on the sonotrode caused by themselves wear can be significantly reduced cost.
  • the contact pressure on the film is, according to a preferred variant of the method, by generating a negative pressure on the side of the film facing the sonotrode with respect to the pressure on the side facing away from the sonotrode or with a curved sonotrode in which the film lies outside over the sonotrode Generating a tensile force applied to the film.
  • the film is wetted on the side facing the sonotrode with a liquid, e.g. with an oil, a synthetic resin or a silicone compound.
  • a liquid e.g. with an oil, a synthetic resin or a silicone compound.
  • the film is moved continuously or discontinuously over the sonotrode during operation of the sonotrode.
  • the method has the advantage that the wear is shifted from the sonotrode to the film. It is suitable for use in food technology, the pharmaceutical and chemical industries, for mixing or emulsifying various liquids, for treating sewage sludge and in other areas where ultrasound is used. When using aggressive media, the advantage is that the film also protects the sonotrode from a chemical reaction.
  • a device suitable for carrying out the method is expediently constructed in such a way that a flexible film is arranged between the sonotrode and the medium so that the film lies directly against the sonotrode or indirectly at a distance of up to 100 .mu.m above the sonotrode the contact force of the film is applied to the film Sonotrode supported during the operation of the device by tightening forces and is always kept so large during operation of the device, that the film always rests directly or indirectly on the sonotrode and follows the strokes.
  • liquid means can be arranged.
  • the contact pressure can be realized simply by maintaining a corresponding static or dynamic pressure in the medium to be sounded, so that the foil is constantly pressed against it even when the sonotrode vibrates.
  • the contact pressure can also be assisted by further means, e.g. by applying a negative pressure to the side of the film facing the sonotrode or - in the case of curved sonotrodes - the film is stretched over the sonotrode by means of a tensioning device, ie a tensile force is applied to the film.
  • the device can be constructed according to the invention preferably so that the film between a device for holding the sonotrode and a flow cell is stretched.
  • It can also be constructed so that the film is stretched over a plate sonotrode, which dips into an open vessel with the liquid to be sonicated.
  • it can also be constructed as an ultrasonic trough, are attached to the outside of the piezoelectric vibrator. The film is then located on the inner wall of the ultrasonic tub and is pressed by vacuum to the vibrating surface.
  • the device For advancing the film, the device is expediently equipped with a transport device with which the film is conveyed continuously or in sections between a supply roll and a take-up roll.
  • the film may be made of metal or plastic and have a thickness between 5 and 200 microns.
  • the film may additionally be wetted on its side facing the sonotrode with a liquid, an oil, a synthetic resin or silicone.
  • FIG. 1 shows a device 1 for ultrasonic treatment of a flowable medium 2.
  • the device 1 is connected to a flow cell 7, wherein between the device 1 and the flow cell 7, a thin film 8, preferably in the range of 5 microns - 200 microns thickness, e.g. 50 microns, is placed so that the film 8 is applied directly to the end face of the sonotrode 4 and seals by means of a seal 9, the space in the device 1 from the flow cell 7 and the flow cell 7 to the outside.
  • a thin film 8 preferably in the range of 5 microns - 200 microns thickness, e.g. 50 microns
  • a medium to be sonicated preferably a liquid, eg water
  • a medium to be sonicated preferably a liquid, eg water
  • the film 8 is pressed against the end face of the sonotrode 4.
  • a negative pressure is generated in the device 1 via a connection 12, which additionally pulls the film 8 against the end face of the sonotrode 4 via a small gap 13 remaining between the sonotrode 4 and the housing of the device 1, for example 0.1 mm.
  • the force that is generated via the negative pressure must be greater than the forces acting on the film 8 acceleration forces at the end face of the Sonotrode 4 to keep the film 8 always in contact with the sonotrode 4. This process can be assisted by applying a liquid or liquid film which is difficult to rupture on the side of the film facing away from the medium 2.
  • FIG. 2 shows a variant of the device 1 with a bending oscillator as the sonotrode 4.
  • FIG. 3 shows an ultrasonic treatment device with an open treatment vessel 15.
  • An ultrasonic transducer 3 causes a sonotrode 4 to vibrate. The vibrations are emitted via the end face of the sonotrode 4 into a liquid medium 2.
  • a thin film 8 is introduced via a transport device 14 so that the medium 2 does not touch the end face of the sonotrode 4.
  • the film 8 preferably has a thickness of 5 .mu.m-200 .mu.m, here for example 50 microns.
  • the Traction over the transport device 14 must in turn be so great that the film 8 is permanently pressed against the end face of the sonotrode 4. During operation, this contact pressure in any case must be greater than the acceleration force acting through the vibrating sonotrode 4 on the film 8.
  • FIG. 4 shows the invention in conjunction with an ultrasonic trough.
  • the structure of an ultrasonic tub is well known and described.
  • the device consists of the actual tub 16, are attached to the piezoelectric vibrator 17 from the outside and acts as a sonotrode.
  • a thin film 18 is introduced into the tub 16.
  • the film 18 preferably has a thickness of 5 .mu.m-200 .mu.m, here e.g. 50 ⁇ m.
  • the film 18 is fixed by a cover 19, which simultaneously closes the space between the film 18 and the tub 16 tightly. Via a connection 20, the film 18 is pulled by generating a negative pressure to the tub 16.
  • FIG. 5 shows the invention in conjunction with a hollow oscillator, again in an open treatment container 15.
  • the lateral surface of an ultrasonic transducer 21 designed as a hollow oscillator is caused to vibrate. The vibrations are released via this lateral surface in the liquid 2.
  • a thin film 8 is introduced via a transport device 14 so that no liquid 2 touches the lateral surface of the ultrasonic transducer 21.
  • the film 8 preferably has a thickness of 5 .mu.m-200 .mu.m, here for example 50 microns.
  • Via a device 22 for pressing the film 8 this is placed around the ultrasonic transducer 21 so that no liquid 2, the lateral surface of the ultrasonic transducer 21, even at the deflection points, can touch.
  • the tensile force on the transport device 14 must be so great that the film 8 is permanently pressed against the lateral surface of the ultrasonic transducer 21. During operation, this contact force must in any case be greater than the acceleration force acting on the film 8 by the oscillating surface of the ultrasonic transducer 21.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
  • Mixers With Rotating Receptacles And Mixers With Vibration Mechanisms (AREA)
  • Lining Or Joining Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Feeding, Discharge, Calcimining, Fusing, And Gas-Generation Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a method and a device for introducing ultrasound into a flowable medium using a sonotrode, wherein the flowable medium is not in direct contact with the sonotrode. Disclosed is a method comprising the following steps: placing a film (8) on the sonotrode (4) in such a way that the contact force by means of which the film (8) is pressed on the sonotrode (4) is always so great that the film (8) follows the lifting motions of the sonotrode (4) in the corresponding frequency and amplitude; applying ultrasound power through the film (8) into the medium (2) and transmitting the wear phenomena onto the film (8).

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung zum Einbringen von Ultraschall in ein fließfähiges Medium mittels einer Sonotrode, wobei das fließfähige Medium nicht direkt mit der Sonotrode in Berührung steht.The invention relates to a method and a device for introducing ultrasound into a flowable medium by means of a sonotrode, wherein the flowable medium is not directly in contact with the sonotrode.

Bei entsprechendem Energieeintrag in ein fließfähiges Medium kommt es im beschallten Bereich zur Kavitation mit lokal konzentrierten extrem hohen Drücken und Temperaturen, was bei direktem Kontakt von Sonotrode und behandeltem Medium zur Ablösung feinster Partikel aus dem Sonotrodenmaterial führt. Die meisten üblichen Sonotroden haben metallische Oberflächen, so dass es zum Eintrag von Feinstpartikeln und Metallionen in das behandelte Material kommt, was für viele ultraschallbehandelte Materialien wie Lebens- oder Arzneimittel höchst unerwünscht ist. Zudem ist der Verschleiß des Sonotrodenmaterials als solcher bereits nachteilig, da dieser zum Rauwerden der Oberfläche und zu anschließender Bildung von Mikrorissen in der Sonotrode führt und die Sonotrode in mehr oder weniger großen Zeitabständen ersetzt werden muss. Nach der DE 102 43 837 A1 wird vorgeschlagen, den Ultraschall auf ein Medium unter Zwischenschalten einer weiteren Flüssigkeit zu übertragen, so dass das fließfähige Medium nicht direkt mit der Sonotrode in Berührung kommt, wobei die Flüssigkeit unter erhöhtem Druck steht und vom zu behandelnden Medium durch eine Wandung getrennt ist. Die Übertragungsflüssigkeit muss dazu in einem Druckgefäß gehalten werden, auf dessen Wandung die Sonotrode einwirkt. Damit können Verschleißpartikel nicht von der Sonotrode in das zu behandelnde Medium gelangen. Kavitation findet in den Flüssigkeiten jedoch nach wie vor statt und führt zum Verschleiß der schwingenden Gefäßwandungen der Durchflusszelle und der Sonotrode.With appropriate energy input into a flowable medium, cavitation takes place in the sonicated area with locally concentrated extremely high pressures and temperatures, which leads to detachment of very fine particles from the sonotrode material upon direct contact of sonotrode and treated medium. Most conventional sonotrodes have metallic surfaces, so that the introduction of fines and metal ions in the treated material, which is highly undesirable for many ultrasonically treated materials such as food or drug. In addition, the wear of the sonotrode material is already disadvantageous as such, since this leads to roughening of the surface and subsequent formation of microcracks in the sonotrode and the sonotrode must be replaced in more or less large time intervals. After DE 102 43 837 A1 It is proposed to transfer the ultrasound to a medium with the interposition of another liquid, so that the flowable medium does not come into direct contact with the sonotrode, wherein the liquid is under elevated pressure and is separated from the medium to be treated by a wall. The transfer liquid must be kept in a pressure vessel, on the Wall the sonotrode acts. Thus wear particles can not get from the sonotrode into the medium to be treated. However, cavitation still takes place in the liquids and leads to the wear of the oscillating vessel walls of the flow cell and the sonotrode.

Durch die DE 40 41 365 A1 wurde auch bereits vorgeschlagen, das schwingende Ende der Sonotrode zur Verringerung des durch Kavitation bedingten Verschleißes mit einer Schutzschicht aus polykristallinem Diamant zu versehen. Die Maßnahme verteuert die Sonotroden jedoch in erheblichem Maße.By the DE 40 41 365 A1 It has also been proposed to provide the vibrating end of the sonotrode with a protective layer of polycrystalline diamond to reduce the cavitation-related wear. However, the measure considerably increases the cost of the sonotrodes.

Die WO94/04265 offenbart eine Sonotrode, die durch eine fest fixierte Membrane geschützt ist.The WO94 / 04265 discloses a sonotrode protected by a tightly fixed membrane.

Der Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art anzugeben, mit denen der an der Sonotrode durch sie selbst verursachte Verschleiß kostengünstig erheblich vermindert werden kann.The invention has for its object to provide a method and an apparatus of the type mentioned, with which the wear on the sonotrode caused by themselves wear can be significantly reduced cost.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe gelöst durch die Merkmale der Ansprüche 1 und 7. Zweckmäßige Ausgestaltungen sind Gegenstand der Unteransprüche.According to the invention the object is achieved by the features of claims 1 and 7. Expedient refinements are the subject of the dependent claims.

Danach sind folgende Verfahrensschritte vorgesehen:

  • Anbringen einer Folie an die Sonotrode derart, dass die Anpresskraft, mit der die Folie an die Sonotrode gepresst wird, immer so groß ist, dass die Folie den Hubbewegungen der Sonotrode in der entsprechenden Frequenz und Amplitude folgt.
  • Einbringen der Ultraschallleistung über die Folie in das Medium und Verlagerung der Verschleißerscheinungen auf die Folie.
Thereafter, the following method steps are provided:
  • Attaching a film to the sonotrode such that the contact pressure with which the film is pressed against the sonotrode is always so large that the film follows the strokes of the sonotrode in the appropriate frequency and amplitude.
  • Introducing the ultrasonic power over the film in the medium and shifting the signs of wear on the film.

Die Anpresskraft auf die Folie wird nach einer bevorzugten Variante des Verfahrens durch Erzeugen eines Unterdrucks auf der der Sonotrode zugewandten Seite der Folie gegenüber dem Druck auf der der Sonotrode abgewandten Seite oder bei einer gekrümmten Sonotrode, bei der die Folie außen über der Sonotrode liegt, durch Erzeugen einer Zugkraft auf die Folie aufgebracht.The contact pressure on the film is, according to a preferred variant of the method, by generating a negative pressure on the side of the film facing the sonotrode with respect to the pressure on the side facing away from the sonotrode or with a curved sonotrode in which the film lies outside over the sonotrode Generating a tensile force applied to the film.

Nach einer bevorzugten Variante des Verfahrens wird die Folie auf der der Sonotrode zugewandten Seite mit einer Flüssigkeit benetzt, z.B. mit einem Öl, einem Kunstharz oder einer Silikonverbindung.According to a preferred variant of the method, the film is wetted on the side facing the sonotrode with a liquid, e.g. with an oil, a synthetic resin or a silicone compound.

Zweckmäßig wird die Folie während des Betriebes der Sonotrode kontinuierlich oder diskontinuierlich über die Sonotrode bewegt.Suitably, the film is moved continuously or discontinuously over the sonotrode during operation of the sonotrode.

Das Verfahren hat den Vorteil, dass der Verschleiß von der Sonotrode auf die Folie verlagert wird. Es ist geeignet zur Anwendung in der Lebensmitteltechnologie, der pharmazeutischen und chemischen Industrie, zur Mischung oder Emulgierung verschiedenartiger Flüssigkeiten, zur Behandlung von Klärschlamm und in anderen Bereichen, in denen Ultraschall eingesetzt wird. Bei Verwendung aggressiver Medien kommt der Vorteil hinzu, dass die Folie die Sonotrode auch vor einer chemischen Reaktion schützt.The method has the advantage that the wear is shifted from the sonotrode to the film. It is suitable for use in food technology, the pharmaceutical and chemical industries, for mixing or emulsifying various liquids, for treating sewage sludge and in other areas where ultrasound is used. When using aggressive media, the advantage is that the film also protects the sonotrode from a chemical reaction.

Eine zur Durchführung des Verfahrens geeignete Vorrichtung ist zweckmäßig so aufgebaut, dass zwischen Sonotrode und Medium eine flexible Folie derart angeordnet ist, dass die Folie an der Sonotrode direkt anliegt oder indirekt in einem Abstand bis 100 µm über der Sonotrode liegt die Anpresskraft der Folie an die Sonotrode während des Betriebes der Vorrichtung durch Anzugskräfte unterstützt und während des Betriebes der Vorrichtung immer so groß gehalten ist, dass die Folie immer an der Sonotrode direkt oder indirekt anliegt und den Hubbewegungen folgt. In dem Abstand bis 100 µm können flüssige Mittel angeordnet sein.A device suitable for carrying out the method is expediently constructed in such a way that a flexible film is arranged between the sonotrode and the medium so that the film lies directly against the sonotrode or indirectly at a distance of up to 100 .mu.m above the sonotrode the contact force of the film is applied to the film Sonotrode supported during the operation of the device by tightening forces and is always kept so large during operation of the device, that the film always rests directly or indirectly on the sonotrode and follows the strokes. In the distance to 100 microns liquid means can be arranged.

Die Anpresskraft kann einfach dadurch realisiert werden, dass in dem zu beschallenden Medium ein entsprechender statischer oder dynamischer Druck aufrechterhalten wird, so dass die Folie auch bei schwingender Sonotrode ständig an diese gedrückt wird. Die Anpresskraft lässt sich aber auch unterstützen durch weitere Mittel, z.B. indem ein Unterdruck auf die der Sonotrode zugewandte Seite der Folie aufgebracht wird oder - bei gekrümmten Sonotroden - die Folie mittels einer Spannvorrichtung über die Sonotrode gespannt wird, also eine Zugkraft auf die Folie aufgebracht wird.The contact pressure can be realized simply by maintaining a corresponding static or dynamic pressure in the medium to be sounded, so that the foil is constantly pressed against it even when the sonotrode vibrates. However, the contact pressure can also be assisted by further means, e.g. by applying a negative pressure to the side of the film facing the sonotrode or - in the case of curved sonotrodes - the film is stretched over the sonotrode by means of a tensioning device, ie a tensile force is applied to the film.

Die Vorrichtung kann in erfindungsgemäß bevorzugter Weise so aufgebaut sein, dass die Folie zwischen einer Einrichtung zur Halterung der Sonotrode und einer Durchflusszelle gespannt ist.The device can be constructed according to the invention preferably so that the film between a device for holding the sonotrode and a flow cell is stretched.

Sie kann auch so aufgebaut sein, dass die Folie über eine Plattensonotrode gespannt ist, die in ein offenes Gefäß mit der zu beschallenden Flüssigkeit taucht.It can also be constructed so that the film is stretched over a plate sonotrode, which dips into an open vessel with the liquid to be sonicated.

Nach einer weiteren Variante kann sie auch als Ultraschallwanne aufgebaut sein, an der Piezoschwinger außen angebracht sind. Die Folie befindet sich dann an der Innenwand der Ultraschallwanne und wird durch Unterdruck an die schwingende Fläche gepresst.According to a further variant, it can also be constructed as an ultrasonic trough, are attached to the outside of the piezoelectric vibrator. The film is then located on the inner wall of the ultrasonic tub and is pressed by vacuum to the vibrating surface.

Zum Weiterbewegen der Folie ist die Vorrichtung zweckmäßig mit einer Transportvorrichtung ausgerüstet, mit der die Folie kontinuierlich oder abschnittsweise zwischen einer Vorratsrolle und einer Aufnahmerolle weiterbefördert wird.For advancing the film, the device is expediently equipped with a transport device with which the film is conveyed continuously or in sections between a supply roll and a take-up roll.

Die Folie kann aus Metall oder Kunststoff bestehen und eine Dicke zwischen 5 und 200 µm aufweisen. Um eine enge Anbindung der Folie an die Sonotrode zu gewährleisten, kann die Folie zusätzlich auf ihrer der Sonotrode zugewandten Seite mit einer Flüssigkeit, einem Öl, einem Kunstharz oder Silikon, benetzt sein.The film may be made of metal or plastic and have a thickness between 5 and 200 microns. In order to ensure a close connection of the film to the sonotrode, the film may additionally be wetted on its side facing the sonotrode with a liquid, an oil, a synthetic resin or silicone.

Die Erfindung soll nachstehend anhand von Ausführungsbeispielen näher erläutert werden. Die aus den zugehörigen Zeichnungen ersichtlichen Anordnungen zeigen in

Figur 1
schematisch eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung mit einer Blocksonotrode,
Figur 2
schematisch eine solche Vorrichtung mit einem Biegeschwinger als Sonotrode,
Figur 3
schematisch eine erfindungsgemäße Vorrichtung mit einem Plattenschwinger als Sonotrode,
Figur 4
schematisch eine Ultraschallwanne mit der erfindungsgemäßen Folie und
Figur 5
schematisch die Erfindung an einer Hohlschwinger-Sonotrode.
The invention will be explained below with reference to exemplary embodiments. The apparent from the accompanying drawings arrangements show in
FIG. 1
1 schematically shows a device according to the invention with a block sonotrode,
FIG. 2
schematically such a device with a bending oscillator as sonotrode,
FIG. 3
1 schematically shows a device according to the invention with a plate oscillator as sonotrode,
FIG. 4
schematically an ultrasonic tub with the film according to the invention and
FIG. 5
schematically the invention of a hollow oscillating sonotrode.

Figur 1 zeigt eine Vorrichtung 1 zur Ultraschallbehandlung eines fließfähigen Mediums 2. Ein Ultraschallwandler 3 mit einer Sonotrode 4, hier ausgeführt als Blocksonotrode, ist mit der Vorrichtung 1 über eine Flanschverbindung 5 fest verbunden und zusätzlich mit einer Dichtung 6 gegen den Innenraum der Vorrichtung 1 abgedichtet. An ihrer Unterseite ist die Vorrichtung 1 mit einer Durchflusszelle 7 verbunden, wobei zwischen der Vorrichtung 1 und der Durchflusszelle 7 eine dünne Folie 8, vorzugsweise im Bereich von 5 µm - 200 µm Dicke z.B. 50 µm, so platziert wird, dass die Folie 8 direkt an der Stirnfläche der Sonotrode 4 anliegt und mit Hilfe einer Dichtung 9 den Raum in der Vorrichtung 1 von der Durchflusszelle 7 und die Durchflusszelle 7 nach außen abdichtet.FIG. 1 shows a device 1 for ultrasonic treatment of a flowable medium 2. An ultrasonic transducer 3 with a sonotrode 4, embodied here as a block sonotrode, is fixedly connected to the device 1 via a flange connection 5 and additionally sealed with a seal 6 against the interior of the device 1 , At its bottom, the device 1 is connected to a flow cell 7, wherein between the device 1 and the flow cell 7, a thin film 8, preferably in the range of 5 microns - 200 microns thickness, e.g. 50 microns, is placed so that the film 8 is applied directly to the end face of the sonotrode 4 and seals by means of a seal 9, the space in the device 1 from the flow cell 7 and the flow cell 7 to the outside.

Über einen Ein- und Auslass 10, 11 wird ein zu beschallendes Medium 2 (vorzugsweise eine Flüssigkeit, z.B. Wasser) durch die Durchflusszelle 7 gepumpt. Durch den sich aufbauenden Druck in der Durchflusszelle 7 wird die Folie 8 an die Stirnfläche der Sonotrode 4 gedrückt. Zusätzlich wird über einen Anschluss 12 ein Unterdruck in der Vorrichtung 1 erzeugt, der zusätzlich die Folie 8 über einen kleinen, zwischen der Sonotrode 4 und dem Gehäuse der Vorrichtung 1 verbleibenden Spalt 13, z.B. 0,1mm, an die Stirnfläche der Sonotrode 4 zieht. Die Kraft, die über den Unterdruck erzeugt wird, muss dabei größer sein als die auf die Folie 8 wirkenden Beschleunigungskräfte an der Stirnfläche der Sonotrode 4, um die Folie 8 immer im Kontakt mit der Sonotrode 4 zu halten. Unterstützt werden kann dieser Vorgang, durch Aufbringen einer schwer aufreißenden Flüssigkeit oder eines Flüssigkeitsfilms auf der dem Medium 2 abgewandten Folienseite.Via an inlet and outlet 10, 11, a medium to be sonicated (preferably a liquid, eg water) 2 is pumped through the flow cell 7. Due to the building up pressure in the flow cell 7, the film 8 is pressed against the end face of the sonotrode 4. In addition, a negative pressure is generated in the device 1 via a connection 12, which additionally pulls the film 8 against the end face of the sonotrode 4 via a small gap 13 remaining between the sonotrode 4 and the housing of the device 1, for example 0.1 mm. The force that is generated via the negative pressure must be greater than the forces acting on the film 8 acceleration forces at the end face of the Sonotrode 4 to keep the film 8 always in contact with the sonotrode 4. This process can be assisted by applying a liquid or liquid film which is difficult to rupture on the side of the film facing away from the medium 2.

Über die Sonotrode 4 und die Folie 8 wird während des Betriebes der Vorrichtung 1 ein Kavitationsfeld in der Durchflusszelle 7 erzeugt. Die durch die Wirkung der Kavitation hervorgerufenen Abnutzungserscheinungen beziehen sich nun ausschließlich auf die Folie 8. Je nach Größe der auftretenden mechanischen Amplitude, hier z.B. 100 µm, und der Eigenschaften der Folie 8, werden Standzeiten der Folie 8 von mehreren Minuten erreicht. Eine Transportvorrichtung 14 für die Folie 8 sorgt dafür, dass die Beschallungszeit der Folie 8 immer kleiner als deren Standzeit gehalten wird.Through the sonotrode 4 and the film 8, a cavitation field is generated in the flow cell 7 during operation of the device 1. The wear phenomena caused by the effect of cavitation now relate exclusively to the film 8. Depending on the magnitude of the mechanical amplitude occurring, here e.g. 100 microns, and the properties of the film 8, life of the film 8 are achieved by several minutes. A transport device 14 for the film 8 ensures that the irradiation time of the film 8 is always kept smaller than its service life.

Figur 2 zeigt eine Variante der Vorrichtung 1 mit einem Biegeschwinger als Sonotrode 4.FIG. 2 shows a variant of the device 1 with a bending oscillator as the sonotrode 4.

Figur 3 zeigt eine Ultraschall-Behandlungseinrichtung mit einem offenen Behandlungsgefäß 15. Durch einen Ultraschallwandler 3 wird eine Sonotrode 4 zum Schwingen gebracht. Die Schwingungen werden über die Stirnfläche der Sonotrode 4 in ein flüssiges Medium 2 abgegeben.FIG. 3 shows an ultrasonic treatment device with an open treatment vessel 15. An ultrasonic transducer 3 causes a sonotrode 4 to vibrate. The vibrations are emitted via the end face of the sonotrode 4 into a liquid medium 2.

Um die durch Kavitation entstehenden Verschleißerscheinungen an der Stirnfläche der Sonotrode 4 zu unterdrücken, wird eine dünne Folie 8 über eine Transportvorrichtung 14 so eingebracht, dass das Medium 2 die Stirnfläche der Sonotrode 4 nicht berührt. Die Folie 8 hat dabei vorzugsweise eine Dicke von 5 µm - 200 µm, hier z.B. 50 µm. Die Zugkraft über die Transportvorrichtung 14 muss dabei wiederum so groß sein, dass die Folie 8 permanent an die Stirnfläche der Sonotrode 4 gepresst wird. Während des Betriebes muss diese Anpresskraft in jedem Fall größer als die Beschleunigungskraft sein, die durch die schwingende Sonotrode 4 auf die Folie 8 wirkt.In order to suppress the wear caused by cavitation on the end face of the sonotrode 4, a thin film 8 is introduced via a transport device 14 so that the medium 2 does not touch the end face of the sonotrode 4. The film 8 preferably has a thickness of 5 .mu.m-200 .mu.m, here for example 50 microns. The Traction over the transport device 14 must in turn be so great that the film 8 is permanently pressed against the end face of the sonotrode 4. During operation, this contact pressure in any case must be greater than the acceleration force acting through the vibrating sonotrode 4 on the film 8.

Figur 4 zeigt die Erfindung in Verbindung mit einer Ultraschallwanne. Der Aufbau einer Ultraschallwanne ist an sich hinlänglich bekannt und beschrieben.FIG. 4 shows the invention in conjunction with an ultrasonic trough. The structure of an ultrasonic tub is well known and described.

Die Vorrichtung besteht aus der eigentlichen Wanne 16, an der Piezoschwinger 17 von außen angebracht sind und die so wie eine Sonotrode wirkt. Um die durch die Kavitation entstehenden Verschleißerscheinungen zu unterdrücken, wird in die Wanne 16 eine dünne Folie 18 eingebracht. Die Folie 18 hat dabei vorzugsweise eine Dicke von 5 µm - 200 µm, hier z.B. 50 µm.The device consists of the actual tub 16, are attached to the piezoelectric vibrator 17 from the outside and acts as a sonotrode. In order to suppress the wear caused by the cavitation, a thin film 18 is introduced into the tub 16. The film 18 preferably has a thickness of 5 .mu.m-200 .mu.m, here e.g. 50 μm.

Die Folie 18 wird durch einen Deckel 19 fixiert, der gleichzeitig den Raum zwischen der Folie 18 und der Wanne 16 dicht abschließt. Über einen Anschluss 20 wird die Folie 18 durch Erzeugung eines Unterdrucks an die Wanne 16 gezogen.The film 18 is fixed by a cover 19, which simultaneously closes the space between the film 18 and the tub 16 tightly. Via a connection 20, the film 18 is pulled by generating a negative pressure to the tub 16.

Figur 5 zeigt die Erfindung in Verbindung mit einem Hohlschwinger, wiederum in einem offenen Behandlungsbehälter 15. Die Mantelfläche eines als Hohlschwinger ausgebildeten Ultraschallwandlers 21 wird zum Schwingen gebracht. Die Schwingungen werden über diese Mantelfläche in die Flüssigkeit 2 abgegeben.FIG. 5 shows the invention in conjunction with a hollow oscillator, again in an open treatment container 15. The lateral surface of an ultrasonic transducer 21 designed as a hollow oscillator is caused to vibrate. The vibrations are released via this lateral surface in the liquid 2.

Um die durch Kavitation entstehenden Verschleißerscheinungen an der Mantelfläche des Ultraschallwandlers 21 zu unterdrücken, wird eine dünne Folie 8 über eine Transportvorrichtung 14 so eingebracht, dass keine Flüssigkeit 2 die Mantelfläche des Ultraschallwandlers 21 berührt. Die Folie 8 hat dabei vorzugsweise eine Dicke von 5 µm - 200 µm, hier z.B. 50 µm. Über eine Vorrichtung 22 zum Andrücken der Folie 8 wird diese so um den Ultraschallwandler 21 gelegt, dass keine Flüssigkeit 2 die Mantelfläche des Ultraschallwandlers 21, auch an den Umlenkpunkten, berühren kann. Die Zugkraft über die Transportvorrichtung 14 muss dabei so groß sein, dass die Folie 8 permanent an die Mantelfläche des Ultraschallwandlers 21 gepresst wird. Während des Betriebes muss diese Anpresskraft in jedem Fall größer als die Beschleunigungskraft sein, die durch die schwingende Mantelfläche des Ultraschallwandlers 21 auf die Folie 8 wirkt.In order to suppress the wear caused by cavitation on the lateral surface of the ultrasonic transducer 21, a thin film 8 is introduced via a transport device 14 so that no liquid 2 touches the lateral surface of the ultrasonic transducer 21. The film 8 preferably has a thickness of 5 .mu.m-200 .mu.m, here for example 50 microns. Via a device 22 for pressing the film 8, this is placed around the ultrasonic transducer 21 so that no liquid 2, the lateral surface of the ultrasonic transducer 21, even at the deflection points, can touch. The tensile force on the transport device 14 must be so great that the film 8 is permanently pressed against the lateral surface of the ultrasonic transducer 21. During operation, this contact force must in any case be greater than the acceleration force acting on the film 8 by the oscillating surface of the ultrasonic transducer 21.

BezugszeichenaufstellungREFERENCE NUMBERS

1.1.
Vorrichtung (zur Aufnahme der Ultraschall-Sonotrode)Device (for receiving the ultrasonic sonotrode)
22
fließfähiges Mediumflowable medium
33
Ultraschallwandlerultrasound transducer
44
Sonotrodesonotrode
55
Flanschverbindungflange
66
Dichtungpoetry
77
DurchflusszelleFlow Cell
88th
Foliefoil
99
Dichtungpoetry
1010
Einlass (des zu beschallenden Mediums)Inlet (of the medium to be sounded)
1111
Auslass (des zu beschallenden Mediums)Outlet (of the medium to be sounded)
1212
Anschluss zur UnterdruckerzeugungConnection for vacuum generation
1313
Spaltgap
1414
Transportvorrichtungtransport device
1515
Behandlungsgefäßtreater
1616
Wannetub
1717
Piezoschwingerpiezoelectric oscillator
1818
Foliefoil
1919
Deckelcover
2020
Anschluss zur UnterdruckerzeugungConnection for vacuum generation
2121
Ultraschallwandlerultrasound transducer
2222
Vorrichtung (zum Andrücken der Folie)Device (for pressing the film)

Claims (21)

  1. Method for introducing ultrasound into a flowable medium via a sonotrode, wherein the flowable medium is not in direct contact with the sonotrode, characterized by the following process steps:
    - applying a foil to the sonotrode such that the pressing force by which the foil is pressed against the sonotrode is always large enough so as to enable the foil to follow the stroke motion of the sonotrode at the corresponding frequency and amplitude,
    - introducing the ultrasonic energy via the foil into the medium and transferring the wear phenomena to the foil.
  2. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressing force of the foil is produced by generating a reduced pressure on the side facing the sonotrode.
  3. Method according to claim 2, characterized in that, in addition, an overpressure is applied on the side of the foil facing away from the sonotrode.
  4. Method according to claim 1, characterized in that the pressing force of the foil is applied by generating a tensile force on the foil.
  5. Method according to one of the claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the side of the foil facing the sonotrode is wetted with a liquid.
  6. Method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the foil is moved continuously or discontinuously over the sonotrode.
  7. Device for introducing ultrasound into a flowable medium (2) via a sonotrode (4; 16; 21), wherein the flowable medium (2) is not in direct contact with the sonotrode (4; 16; 21),
    characterized in that
    for protecting the sonotrode (4; 16; 21) from self-induced wear, a foil (8; 18) is arranged between the sonotrode (4; 16; 21) and the medium (2) in such a way that the foil (8; 18) directly contacts the sonotrode (4; 16; 21) or is located indirectly above the sonotrode (4; 16; 21) with a gap of up to 100 µm, and that the pressing force exerted by the foil (8; 18) on the sonotrode (4; 16; 21) is supported by a tensile force and is always maintained large enough during operation of the device, so that the foil (8; 18) always directly or indirectly contacts the sonotrode (4; 16; 21) and follows the stroke motion.
  8. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the foil (8) is mounted between a device (1) that holds the sonotrode (4), and a flow cell (7).
  9. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the foil (18) is pressed against the inside wall of an ultrasonic tank (16).
  10. Device according to claim 7, characterized in that the foil (8) is placed around the sonotrode (21) and is held by a tensioning device (22).
  11. Device according to one of the claims 7 to 9, characterized in that a reduced pressure is applied to a space formed behind the side of the foil (8; 18) facing the sonotrode (4; 16).
  12. Device according to one of the claims 7 to 11, characterized in that the flowable medium (2) is under overpressure.
  13. Device according to one of the claims 7 to 12, characterized in that the device is equipped with a transport arrangement (14) for continuously or discontinuously advancing the foil (8).
  14. Device according to one of the claims 7 to 13, characterized in that the side of the foil (8; 18) facing the sonotrode (4; 16; 21) is wetted with a liquid.
  15. Device according to claim 14, characterized in that the liquid is an oil.
  16. Device according to claim 14, characterized in that the liquid is an artificial resin.
  17. Device according to claim 15, characterized in that the liquid is a silicone compound.
  18. Device according to one of the claims 7 to 17, characterized in that the foil (8; 18) is a metal foil.
  19. Device according to one of the claims 7 to 17, characterized in that the foil (8; 18) is a plastic foil.
  20. Device according to one of the claims 7 to 19, characterized in that the thickness of the foil (8; 18) is between 5 and 200 µm.
  21. Device according to claim 7,
    characterized in that
    liquid substances are disposed in the gap of up to 100 µm.
EP05750072A 2004-05-24 2005-05-12 Method and device for introducing ultrasound into a flowable medium Expired - Lifetime EP1753525B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102004025836A DE102004025836B3 (en) 2004-05-24 2004-05-24 Method and device for introducing ultrasound into a flowable medium
PCT/EP2005/005324 WO2005115602A1 (en) 2004-05-24 2005-05-12 Method and device for introducing ultrasound into a flowable medium

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EP1753525A1 EP1753525A1 (en) 2007-02-21
EP1753525B1 true EP1753525B1 (en) 2007-08-29

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EP (1) EP1753525B1 (en)
JP (1) JP4578524B2 (en)
CN (1) CN100471549C (en)
AT (1) ATE371489T1 (en)
DE (2) DE102004025836B3 (en)
WO (1) WO2005115602A1 (en)

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Publication number Publication date
EP1753525A1 (en) 2007-02-21
WO2005115602A1 (en) 2005-12-08
CN100471549C (en) 2009-03-25
CN1956771A (en) 2007-05-02
DE102004025836B3 (en) 2005-12-22
US20080192568A1 (en) 2008-08-14
JP4578524B2 (en) 2010-11-10
US8235579B2 (en) 2012-08-07
DE502005001396D1 (en) 2007-10-11
JP2008500160A (en) 2008-01-10
ATE371489T1 (en) 2007-09-15

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