EP2821142A1 - Use of a push floor and industrial comminutor - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the use of a pusher tray (30) for feeding an industrial crusher (10) and an industrial crusher (10) fed using the pusher tray (30).

Description

The invention relates to the use of a moving floor and an industrial crushing machine using the moving floor.

The term "industrial crusher" refers to plants that are used in the industrial sector to shred general cargo. These include, for example, hammer crushers for the treatment (comminution) of car bodies, scrap and / or other metallic and / or non-metallic recyclable recyclables.

Such a shredder (shredder) describes the EP 0 969 932 B1 ,

The material to be shredded, such as scrap or automobile bodies, is relatively inhomogeneous, both in terms of size and physical properties of the materials.

The functioning of the shredder therefore also depends on how the material is fed into the shredding machine.

From the EP 0 963 252 B1 It is known that to be shredded Alt-Gut supply via a loading chute of the crushing plant, wherein above the loading chute, a driven roller is arranged, which exerts a controllable pressure on the supplied material.

This system has proven itself in principle. A certain disadvantage, however, is that the loading chute must have a relatively large inclination, so that the material reaches the roller and from there into the crushing plant.

Conversely, this means that the recyclables must be placed on the loading chute at a relatively high altitude above the ground. This "loading height" makes charging more difficult. Attempts have been made to solve the problem by transporting the material via a conveyor belt to the feed side end of the loading chute. However, this increases the investment and maintenance costs considerably.

The invention is based on the object to offer a way to simplify the loading of an industrial crushing plant of the type mentioned.

The invention is based on the following basic idea: It must be avoided to first transport the material to be shredded to a certain height in order then to transport it down the chute back into the shredding machine.

This can be achieved relatively simply by constructing the loading chute (material chute) with less inclination (smaller angle to the horizontal). However, this has the consequence that the material can not slip freely into the feed opening of the crushing machine because the static friction is greater than the sliding friction.

Against this background, the invention is based on the further realization of selecting a dynamic feed device instead of a static feed device. The term "dynamic feeder" includes the idea that the material lying on the feeder not only slides on the feeder into the crushing machine by gravity, but is also acted upon by external movement forces and thus transported from outside to the desired position by means of additional energy becomes.

In this context, so-called steel plate belts and sliding floors are known. A push floor, also referred to as push floor (push floor / sliding bottom) characterizes a floor that is driven externally, usually hydraulically and thus moved to transport a material that rests on the floor in a certain direction.

This floor consists of individual strips (slats) which are relatively movable. The juxtaposed strips / lamellae interlock usually without interspaces, that is, they are slidably / slidably guided to each other. Each of these zones / slats is driven separately and shifts the individual zone / slat individually in a predeterminable direction.

• Eine erste Lamelle wird nach vorne verschoben, wobei das auf dem Schubboden aufliegende Material nicht oder nur minimal mitgenommen wird.
• Die zweite Lamelle wird analog nach vorne geschoben, wiederum wird kein oder nur wenig Material und allenfalls über eine Teilstrecke mitgenommen.
• Die dritte Lamelle wird ebenso nachgeführt.
• Alle drei Lamellen werden anschließend in umgekehrter Richtung bewegt und nehmen dabei das Transportgut mit.
• Diese Sequenzen werden so lange wiederholt, bis das Material in der gewünschten Position ist.

For a sliding floor with, for example, three adjacent slats, the following sequence results, for example:

• A first slat is moved forward, with the resting on the moving floor material is not or only minimally taken.
• The second slat is pushed forward analogously, again no or little material and possibly taken over a section.
• The third lamella is also tracked.
• All three slats are then moved in the opposite direction and take with the transported goods.
• These sequences are repeated until the material is in the desired position.

For the scope of the invention, the moving floor can be operated continuously, that is, at one end of the moving floor material is continuously fed, at the other end of the moving floor, this material is continuously transferred to the crushing machine.

From the function and structure of the described sliding floor it follows that this charging system works in any orientation. Thus, as in the prior art, the feed end may be higher than the transfer end (into the crusher); the push floor can also be aligned horizontally, it may even be reversed, the task end slightly below the transfer end (each viewed vertically).

Thus, the invention relates in its most general embodiment, the use of a moving floor for loading an industrial crushing plant with a piece goods to be crushed.

• Der Transport des zu zerkleinernden Gutes auf einer Ladeschurre hängt maßgeblich von der Steigung der Ladeschurre, von der Art des Materials, von der Geometrie des Materials, von der Feuchtigkeit des Materials und anderen Umständen ab. Mit anderen Worten: Die Transportgeschwindigkeit des Aufgabegutes auf der Ladeschurre kann nur willkürlich geregelt werden.

The use of the sliding floor allows over the mechanical loading chute according to the prior art further advantages:

• Transporting the material to be shredded on a loading chute is critically dependent on the pitch of the loading chute, the type of material, the geometry of the material, the moisture of the material, and other circumstances. In other words: The transport speed of the feed material on the loading chute can only be regulated arbitrarily.

In contrast, the transport speed of the material on a moving floor can be regulated by the stroke, the frequency and the speed of movement of the individual slats of the moving floor in a wide range.

In this way, the supply of material into the crushing plant can be much more uniform and homogeneous than in the prior art.

Another advantage is that the material to be shredded no longer has to be transported to relatively high heights in order to transfer it to the feeder. This simplifies the entire system, saves costs for feeder belts etc.

The moving floor can be loaded with a simple crane or wheel bearing.

In the following, further developments of the invention are presented, which can be implemented individually and in combination, provided that these combinations are not tautological or are expressly excluded.

The industrial crushing plant may be a hammer crusher, for example, a hammer crusher according to EP 0 969 932 B1 ,

The sliding floor can be aligned in its operating position at an angle between 3 and 25 ° to the horizontal.

The sliding floor can be aligned in its operating position so that its vertically lower end opens into a feed opening of the crushing plant. This feed opening is often characterized by a so-called anvil. In the prior art, there is sometimes a relatively large distance between the feeder and the anvil edge. This distance can be significantly reduced by the use of a moving floor according to the invention. The orientation of the push floor can be adjusted to the orientation of the anvil, that is, both can be more or less aligned with each other, so that the material transfer is simplified.

For this purpose, the crushing plant, as for example from the EP 0 963 252 B1 is known to be tilted slightly towards the sliding floor, as shown in the following description of the figures. In this way, by analogy, the angle of inclination of the pusher floor can be additionally reduced. This facilitates the feeding of the material to the moving floor.

The sliding floor can be aligned in its functional position so that its vertically lower end connects to a wear-optimized transfer area for the general cargo in the crushing plant. This means that between the sliding floor and the anvil edge (in the case of a hammer mill) additional wear plates are arranged in the area of the comminution system, which are particularly wear-resistant by measures known per se, such as surface compensation.

Some crushing plants of the type mentioned, in particular hammer mills, in particular hammer mills, which are used for scrap processing, are combined with a so-called pre-shredder. In this case, the use of the pusher floor may be such that the pusher floor is placed between and communicates with the industrial crushing plant and the pre-shredding machine.

Also in this case, the advantage for the pre-shredder is that the machine can be placed at a much lower level (a lower height) above the ground thereby reducing the loading height. In addition, the pre-shredder for the operator is then better and easier to see in order to intervene in the event of interference.

Similar to the charging chute according to the prior art, the sliding floor can be combined with at least one drive roller, which is arranged above the moving floor and acts on the piece goods to be shredded.

However, in this combination, the drive roller has the priority task of keeping the material on the moving floor and less active transport task. In that regard, the situation is the reverse of the situation with a purely mechanical loading chute with drive roller.

• Eine Zuführöffnung für ein zu zerkleinerndes Stückgut in einen Zerkleinerungsraum,
• einen von der Zuführöffnung nach außen verlaufenden Schubboden.

The shredder is characterized by the following features:

• A feed opening for a piece goods to be shredded into a crushing space,
• a sliding floor extending outwardly from the feed opening.

The crushing space can be conventionally formed, that is, for example, with a rotor and hammers swinging thereon. Details arise for example from the EP 0 969 932 B1 ,

As stated, the sliding floor may have its vertical lowest point at its end facing the feed opening of the comminutor. In addition, the crushing plant can be combined with a pre-shredding machine, which is then operatively connected to the opposite end of the pusher soil.

For the concrete design of the sliding floor, there are no restrictions, as long as the basic principle of the soil is realized. A sliding floor conveyor results for example from DE 10 2010 060 759 B4 , A suitable carrier profile discloses the DE 10 2009 056 821 A1 ,

Other features of the invention will become apparent from the features of the claims and the other application documents.

The invention will be explained in more detail below with reference to an embodiment.

This shows - in a schematic side view - a hammer crusher with associated push floor in combination with a pre-shredder.

The reference numeral 10 is an industrial crushing plant, namely a hammer mill (a shredder) shown for the treatment of metal scrap. The system 10 essentially corresponds to the system according to 0 969 932 B1 and is therefore not shown here in detail. In particular, it comprises a rotor 12, to which hammers 14 are fastened in a swinging manner, an associated lower grate 16 and an upper grate 18.

A feed opening is indicated at 20. At the lower end of the feed opening 20, an anvil 22 is shown schematically. The shredder 10 is - contrary to the usual practice - tilted by an angle α of about 20 ° (in the figure to the right), whereby the feed opening 20, including the area around the anvil 22 is not only slightly closer to a bottom B. but also the feed opening 20 in the figure to the right is additionally opened.

In this way, a push floor 30 can be arranged at an angle β of only approximately 10 ° between the feed opening 20 and an ejection area 42 of a pre-shredder 40.

The orientation of the sliding floor 30 is such that at the lower (left) end 32 a nearly aligned continuous transport plane results with the adjoining anvil 22 and (in the figure on the left) behind the first section of the sub-grate 16.

In this way, a comminution material (for example a car body) shown schematically with S can be continuously transported on the push floor 30 in a plane from the upper section 34 at the pre-shredder 40 via the feed opening 20 into the shredder 10 (arrow direction T).

The push floor 30 is formed in principle according to the prior art. He has here above the lower end 32 still a rotatably mounted drive roller 24 which acts on the piece goods S.

Due to the use of a sliding floor, the height H at the feed end of the charging system (moving floor 30) can be reduced to a minimum and significantly reduced, in particular, compared to conventional charging chutes according to the prior art, for example from 10 to 2 m.

Claims (10)

Use of a sliding floor (30) for loading an industrial crushing plant (10) with a piece goods (S) to be shredded. Use according to claim 1 with the proviso that the industrial crushing plant (10) is a hammer crusher. Use according to claim 1 with the proviso that the sliding floor (30) is aligned in its operating position at an angle between 3 and 25 ° to the horizontal. Use according to claim 1 with the proviso that the sliding floor (30) is aligned in its operating position so that its vertically lower lying end (32) in a feed opening (20) of the crushing plant (10) opens. Use according to claim 1 with the proviso that the sliding floor (30) is aligned in its functional position so that its vertically lower end (32) to a wear-optimized transfer area (22) for the piece goods (S) in the crushing plant (10). followed. Use according to claim 1, with the proviso that the moving floor (30) is placed between the industrial crushing plant (10) and a pre-shredding machine (40) and is in operative communication with both (10, 40). Use according to claim 1 with the proviso that above the sliding floor (30) at least one drive roller (24) is arranged so that it acts on the piece goods to be crushed (S). An industrial comminution plant (10) having a feed opening (20) for a piece goods (S) to be comminuted in a comminuting space (26) and a feed floor (30) extending outwardly from the feed opening (20). Industrial crushing plant (10) according to claim 8, wherein the sliding floor (30) has its vertical lowest point at its the feed opening (20) of the crushing plant (10) facing the end (32). An industrial crushing plant (10) according to claim 8, wherein one of the
Crushing plant (10) facing away from the end (34) of the sliding floor (30) in functional connection with a pre-shredding machine (40).

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