GB2356077A

GB2356077A - Sensor for security system eg to detect opening of a door or window

Info

Publication number: GB2356077A
Application number: GB0018603A
Authority: GB
Inventors: Leslie George Briggs
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1999-10-26
Filing date: 2000-07-28
Publication date: 2001-05-09
Also published as: GB0018603D0; GB9925240D0

Abstract

A sensor for a security system is preferably fitted integrally with a window or door providing access to a building. In particular the sensor may include a part (30) fitted in the groove (22) of the moving part of double glazed windows or doors having a Eurogroove. The sensor part (30 ) may comprise a reed switch that is kept closed by a magnetic strip (34) fitted to the fixed frame, and may include a battery and a wireless transmitter. The sensor part (30 ) may have a housing with a sliding cover, the housing being secured in the groove. Alternatively the sensor may be fitted in the space between the panes of the double glazing and may include a heat sensor, or may comprise a mercury tilt switch or a photodiode arrangement with a Doppler detector.

Description

1 2356077 SENSOR FOR SECURITY SYSTEM The present invention relates to

security systems, and particularly to sensors in access areas to buildings such as window fi-ames and door frames. The invention is particularly but not exclusively concerned with such sensors in association with uPVC double-glazed fittings.

The area of building security for homes and for business and other premises is a rapidly developing one. Improved security is constantly being sought. However at the same time people, particularly in domestic environments, do not wish for there homes to have unsightly security systems with visibly obvious security sensors or sensing devices connected by visibly obvious wiring.

There is therefore a constant drive to producing more effective and reliable security systems that are not obtrusive when installed.

At the same time people, especially in domestic environments, do not want the installation of a security system to involve the alteration or damage of any decoration in the building.

It is an aim of the present invention to provide an improved sensor for a security system. It is a further aim of the present invention to provide an improved security system. It is a still ftirther aim of the present invention to provide an improved method of operating a security system.

According to one aspect of the present invention there is provided a frame, for mounting in the opening of a building, including a moving part for providing means for access into the building, wherein the frame is fitted with a sensing device for detecting movement of the moving part, which sensing device includes a wireless transmitter for communicating the state of the sensing device.

The sensing device may have a first state in which the moving par-t is closed relative to the frame, and a second state in which the moving part is open relative to the frame.

The sensing device may indicate the first state by not transmitting, and the sensing device may indicate the second state by transmitting.

The sensing device is preferably attached to the moving part.

2 The sensing device may comprise two complimentary parts, a first part attached to the moving part and a second part attached to the frame itself Only one of the first and second parts may be energised. Only the first part may be energised.

The first part may include the wireless transmitter.

The second part may comprise a magnetic strip, and the first part may comprise a magnetic reed switch.

The first part may be energised only when the second part is separated from the first part.

lo The two parts of the sensing device may be positioned such that with the moving part in a closed position relative to the frame they are in contact, and otherwise they are separated.

The sensor may be energised by a battery. The sensor may be energised by a solar cell. The battery may be rechargeable. The battery may be rechargeable by a solar cell. Only one part of the sensing device may be energised.

The frame may be a door frame, the moving part comprising a door. The frame may be a window frame, the moving part comprising a window. The frame may be the frame of a double-glazed installation. The double-glazed installation may be of the type having a Euro-groove in the frame. The sensing device may be mounted in the Euro-groove.

The first part of the sensing device may be mounted in the Euro-groove.

The moving part may be in the open position across a range of movement of the moving part.

According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a frame, for mounting in the opening of a building, the frame including a double-glazed fitting, wherein the frame is fitted with a sensing device for detecting movement proximate to the building.

According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a frame, for mounting in the opening of a building, the ftame including a double- glazed fitting, wherein the frame is fitted with a sensing device for detecting heat proximate to the building.

The sensing device may include a wireless transmitter for communicating the state of the sensing device. The sensing device may be fitted in the air interface of the double- 3 glazed fitting between the glass panes. The sensing device may be battery powered. The battery may be re-chargeable. The battery may be re- chargeable by a solar cell associated with the frame.

According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a sensor for a double-glazed fitting having a frame for mounting in a building and a moving part comprising a door or window, the moving part having a so-called Euro- groove, the Euro-groove having an opening facing a surface of the frame, wherein the sensor includes a magnetic reed switch for mounting in the Euro-groove for interaction with a complimentary part comprising a magnetic strip for mounting on the surface of the io frame, wherein in a closed position of the moving part the magnetic reed switch is in contact with the magnetic strip part, and in an open position of the moving part the magnetic reed switch is separated from the magnetic strip, the sensor including a wireless transmitter which is energised responsive to the reed switch being separated from the magnetic strip.

According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of tracking access to a building, the building having at least one means of access comprising a frame for mounting in the opening of the building having a moving part for providing means for the access, wherein the frame is fitted with a sensing device for detecting movement of the moving part, which sensing device is associated with a wireless transmitter for communicating with a remote controller, wherein the moving part has a first position in which it is closed, wherein the method comprises receiving a signal at a control means from the sensing device responsive to the moving part being moved to or from its first position.

According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of tracking access to a building, the building having a frame for mounting in the opening of a building, the frame including a double-glazed fitting, wherein the frame is fitted with a sensing device for detecting movement proximate to the building, wherein the method comprises receiving a signal at a control means from the sensing device responsive to detection of movement proximate the building.

According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a method of tracking access to a building, the building having a frame, for mounting in the opening of a building, the frame including a doubleglazed fitting, wherein the frame is fitted with a sensing device for detecting heat proximate to the building wherein the 4 method comprises receiving a signal at a control means from the sensing device responsive to detection of heat proximate the building.

In a monitor mode of operation the control means may monitor and records signals from the sensing means. In an alarm mode of operation the control means may monitor and record signals from the sensing means and triggers an appropriate alarm. The appropriate alarm may be an audible signal, a visible signal, or a notification to a control center.

A security system may include a control unit for remote communication with the wireless transmitter.

i o According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a sensing device for fitting in a frame for mounting in the opening of a closed environment, the frame including a moving part for providing means for access into the closed environment, wherein the sensing device is for fitting in the moving part for detecting movement of the moving part. The sensing device may include a wireless transmitter for communicating the state of the sensing device.

In another aspect of the present invention there is provided a sensing device for fitting in a frame for mounting in the opening of a closed environment, the frame including a moving part for providing means for access into the closed environinent, wherein the sensing device is for detecting movement of the moving part, which sensing device is associated with a wireless transmitter for communicating the state of the sensing device. The sensing device may be for attaching to the frame or the moving part.

The sensing device may have a first state in which the moving part is closed relative to the frame, and a second state in which the moving part is open relative to the frame. The first state may be indicated by not transmitting, and the second state may be indicated by transmitting. The sensing device is preferably attached to the moving part.

The sensing device may comprise two complimentary parts, a first part attached to the moving part and a second part attached to the frame itself Only one of the first and second parts may be energised. Only the first part may be 30 energised. The first part may include a wireless transmitter.

The two parts of the sensing device may be positioned such that with the moving part in a closed position relative to the frame they are in contact, and otherwise they are separated.

The sensor may be energised by a battery. The sensor may be energised by a solar cell. The battery may be rechargeable. The battery may be rechargeable by a solar cell.

According to another aspect of the invention there is provided a sensor for a double lo glazed fitting having a frame for mounting in a building and a moving part, the moving part having a so-called Euro-groove having an opening facing a surface of the frame, wherein the sensor is secured in the Euro-groove, the sensor providing a means for detecting movement of the moving part.

The sensor may be mounted in a housing for securing in a Euro-groove.

The Euro-groove may carry protrusions on the longitudinal sides thereof, the housing being provided with means on the longitudinal sides thereof for engaging such protrusions and thereby securing the housing in the Euro-groove.

The means for engaging may comprise complimentary protrusions. The means for engaging may comprise resilient means.

The housing may be secured in the Euro-groove by mechanical means. The mechanical means may comprise at least one screw. The housing may be secured in the Euro-groove by glue. The housing may have a clip-on lid providing a means for accessing the sensor. The housing may have a slideon lid providing a means for accessing the sensor.

The housing may have both a clip-on lid and a slide-on lid, for providing means of access to different parts of the housing.

The slide-on lid may provide access to a battery for powering the sensor.

The slide-on lid may provide access to control fimetions associated with the sensor. The lid of the housing may be accessible with the housing fixed in the Euro-groove.

The housing of any one of claims 87 to 91 wherein the lid of the housing is accessible only with the moving part in an open position.

According to another aspect of the present invention there is provided a double-glazed fitting having a frame for mounting in a building and a moving part comprising a door or a window, the moving part having a socalled Euro-groove, the Euro-groove 6 having an opening facing a surface of the frame, wherein a sensor including a magnetic reed switch is mounted in the Euro-groove for interaction with a complimentary part comprising a magnetic strip on the surface of the frame, wherein in a closed position of the moving part the magnetic reed switch is in contact with the magnetic strip part, and in an open position of the moving part the magnetic reed switch is separated from the magnetic strip, the sensor including a wireless transmitter which is energised responsive to the reed switch being separated from the magnetic strip.

The provision of a sensor or sensing device in a hidden location has two clear io advantages. Firstly, it is not unsightly which is an important factor in installing a security system in the home. Secondly it cannot be located and tampered with or disabled by an intruder.

The provision or a sensor with a wireless transmitter has two similar advantages. It does not require any unsightly wiring, and there is no wiring for an intruder to follow to locate the sensor and attempt to disable it.

The invention will now be described by way of example to preferred embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

Figure I illustrates a first view of an exemplary window structure in which one 20 embodiment of a sensing device may be installed; Figure 2 illustrates a second view of the exemplary window structure of Figure 1, including a close-up view of part of the sensing device shown in Figure 1; Figure 3 illustrates an exemplary embodiment of a housing for the sensing device; Figures 4(a) to 4(e) offer alternate views of the exemplary housing of Figure 3; Figures 5(a) to 5(c) illustrate the positioning, in an exemplary embodiment, of the housing of Figure 3) in a so-called Euro-groove; Figure 6 illustrates a block diagram of an example security system; Figures 7(a) to 7(c) illustrate the positioning, in an exemplary embodiment, of a sensing device in a window; and Figures 8(a) to 8(c) illustrate the positioning, in an exemplary embodiment, of a sensing device in a door.

The present invention may be implemented and utilised in a wide range of scenarios, as will be apparent to one skilled in the art from reading the following description.

7 However, in the following description the invention is described by way of example to a specific embodiment. The description of the invention in relation to this embodiment is in no way limiting in relation to the general applicability of the invention.

In particular, in the following description reference is made to a window frame having, as a moving part, a window, and a door frame having, as a moving part, a door. However in general one aspect of the invention may be applied to any frame for mounting or fixing in a building, which frame has a moving part, wherein the moving part provides a means of access to a closed environment. The access to the closed io environment provided by the moving part may be any type of access which constitutes a security risk or is unwanted, and is not limited to access which provides entry to an individual. The closed environment may preferably be a building, but is not so limited.

One of the most common construction of windows and doors for buildings at the moment is uPVC double-glazing. One specific type of uPVC double-glazing has a so called Euro-groove. This particular type of uPVC double-glazing lends itself most advantageously to an implementation of the present invention, and thus an embodiment of the present invention will be described in relation to this particular type of uPVC double-glazing.

Referring to Figures I and 2(a) there is shown the structure of a section of a uPVC window including a so-called Euro-groove. Figure'l shows a section of the moving part of the window attached to the frame and in a closed position. Figure 2(a) shows only a section, from a different viewing point, of a portion of the moving part.

The moving part has a solid section, for interfacing with the frame, having a front portion 2 and a rear portion 4. In general the front portion will face outwards away from a building and the rear portion will face inwards inside the building. End portions 8 and 10 of the solid section are referenced in Figures I and 2(a) so as the reader can appreciate the relative perspective from which each Figure is shown.

The moving part preferably carries a double-glazed window, a section of which is shown in Figure I and designated by reference numeral 12. An air interface 14 exists between the two panes of the window 12, and a gel 16 is provided at the base of the window. Such a double-glazed structure is well-known. The solid section of the moving part is hinged with the frame in an area generally designated by reference numeral 10. A catch 18 on the solid portion of the moving part interfaces with a 8 connector 20 in the frame to lock the moving part in place. The moving part may be moved by moving the window about the hinged area generally designated by 10, thereby opening the window.

The above description describes the construction of the double-glazed window in sufficient detail for the purposes of illustrating the present invention. The invention is not, however, concerned with the structure of the window itself The window shown in Figures I and 2(a) is commonly known in the trade and its construction will be well-understood by one familiar in the art. The invention may be advantageously implemented in such a structure, but is not limited in its implementation to such a structure.

Referring once again to Figures I and 2(a), reference numeral 22 generally designates a so-called Euro-groove forming a groove in the moving part in a surface facing the frame. Thus the Euro-groove provides an opening or recess in the moving part which faces a surface of the window frame.

In accordance with one embodiment of the present invention, a first part of a sensor shown in Figure 2(b) and generally designated by reference numeral 30 is located in the Euro-groove. As is clearly visible from Figure 2(b), which shows the sensor located outside the Euro-groove, the shape of the sensor is preferably complimentary to that of the Euro-groove, such that it fits into the Euro-groove. A particularly advantageous technique for securing the sensor in the Euro-groove will be discussed further hereinbelow.

A second part of the sensor is generally designated by reference numeral 34, and is shown in Figure 1 positioned on the surface of the frame opposite the Euro-groove.

In this preferred embodiment the second part 34 of the sensor is positioned such that with the moving part in the closed position, as shown in Figure 1, the second part of the sensor makes contact with the first part of the sensor. The two parts of the sensor are not shown in contact in Figure 1 for the purpose of clarity.

The first part 3) 0 of the sensor preferably includes a magnetic reed switch, and the second part 34 of the sensor preferably comprises a magnetic strip. With the moving part in the closed position the magnetic reed switch of the first part rests against the magnetic strip of the second part, The first part 30 of the sensor is preferably energised or powered by a battery. The first part is only energised, however, when it is separated from the second part. Thus 9 in the closed state the first part of the sensor draws no power. The second part 34 of the sensor requires no power as it is preferably only a magnetic strip.

The first part 30 of the sensor preferably includes an integral wireless transmitter for communicating the state of the sensor. The wireless transmitter only transmits when the first part is energised. As will be described further hereinbelow, the vAreless transmitter preferably transmits to a central controller in the building or environment in which the frame is fitted.

Thus the wireless transmitter preferably transmits the state of the sensor when the two-parts are separated. Thus if the transmitter is not transmitting it is assumed the io moving part is in the closed position, and if it is transmitting the moving part is in the open position.

In the preferred implementation, when the first part of the sensor comprises a magnetic reed switch and the second part of the sensor comprises a magnetic strip, the sensing arrangement may be further modified. In the above example with the moving part in the closed position the magnetic reed switch contacts the magnetic strip. The magnetic reed switch is not energised, and no alarm condition is transmitted to the central controller. When the moving part is opened, the magnetic reed switch is moved from the magnetic strip and is energised, triggering an alarm condition to the controller. However, in a further embodiment, the sensing arrangement is modified such that the magnetic reed switch is energised only after the moving part has been opened a certain amount. That is, the sensing arrangement allows for the window to be opened a certain amount without an alarm condition being triggered. In this particular embodiment, the magnetic reed switch will be designed such that it is energised to transmit an alarm condition response to the window being moved ftirther than a certain distance from the closed position. This embodiment allows a window, for example, to be left open a certain amount to provide ventilation without comprising the integrity of the security system.

In alternative arrangements the wireless transmitter may be provided in the Eurogroove but separate to the first part of the sensor and being electrically connected thereto.

The first and second parts of the sensor can easily be fitted after the frame has been installed in a building. With the moving part in the open position the first part of the sensor can be slotted into the Euro-groove without the need for any special tools, and the magnetic strip located in place on the frame. The sensor can thus easily be fitted without any special skill or training. Alternatively one or both parts of the sensor may be fitted in the factory before the frame is installed.

Once installed, however, the sensor is tamper-proof The sensor is primed to detect movement of the moving part from a position in which the two parts of the sensor are in contact, i.e. when the moving part such as a window is closed. It will be apparent from Figure I that with the moving part closed both parts of the sensor are completely inaccessible. Opening the moving part to locate and tamper with the sensor will trigger the sensor to transmit to a control unit.

The first part of the sensor, and where applicable the associated wireless transmitter, i o is preferably powered by a battery. The battery is preferably re- chargeable. In the arrangement shown in Figures I and 2(a) when the moving part is in the open position the first part of the sensor can be removed and the battery replaced when necessary. In a further preferable arrangement, the frame or moving part is fitted with a solar cell connected to the battery for re-charging the battery. Alternatively such a solar cell may power the sensor.

In an alternative arrangement the sensor may comprise a photodiode arrangement for detecting the movement of the moving part relative to the frame. In a further alternative arrangement the sensor may be a one-part arrangement. The one-part sensing device may be fitted in the moving part. The one-part sensing device is preferably fitted such that it faces a surface of the frame. The one- part sensing device then detects movement in the moving part. Such one-part sensing device may be a Doppler detector, or other detector to sense displacement of the sensor in the moving part from the closed position by detecting rela tive movement. Other one-part sensing arrangements for detecting the movement of the moving part relative to the frame will be apparent to one skilled in the art. One other example may comprise a motion detector such as a mercury tilt switch. Such a motion detector may, of course, detect vibration of the moving part.

In the described embodiment the main part of the sensing device, including the preferable wireless transmitter, is located in the so- called Euro-Groove of a particular type of uPVC window. It will be apparent to one skilled in the art that the two-part sensing arrangement may be utilised in any other similar environment in which a recess is provided in the moving part opposite a surface of the frame. Conversely it will also be appreciated that the two- part sensing arrangement may be utilised in any other environment in which a recess is provided in the frame opposite the surface of the moving part.

Where no recess is provided in either the moving part or the frame, a recess may be made.

In further alternative arrangements, particularly advantageously applicable in a double-glazed arrangement, the window or door frame may be provided with other types of sensor either in addition to or in place of the above-described sensors. For example the window or door frame may be provided with a motion or heat sensor which is capable of operating through the glazing. Referring to Figure 1, such a sensor i o may be securely fitted during manufacture in the air interface 14 between the glazing 12 in a region proximate to the gel 16 such that the sensor does not in any way block the glass or look unsightly. Such sensor may then be orientated to detect motion or heat on either one side or both sides of the glazing. For example where the frame is a window frame the sensor may be able to detect motion or heat in the inside of a building or within a particular range on the outside of the building, and thereby detect an intruder or potential intruder. In such an arrangement the window or door frame may have no moving parts.

Preferably such a sensor will include an integral wireless transmitter for comi-nunicating with a central security controller. Alternatively the sensor may be wired within the frame such that a connector is provided on an external portion of the frame for a wired connection to a transmitter or a wired security system.

Any of the sensors described hereinabove may be battery powered. Preferably any battery or batteries providing such battery power is rechargeable. In an alternative arrangement the sensor may be powered by a solar cell. The sensor may be provided with a rechargeable battery and a solar cell for recharging the battery.

It will be appreciated that any of the above sensors which rely upon detection of movement of the moving part may be used in an embodiment, as described hereinabove, wherein the window may be opened a certain distance without an alarm condition being triggered. For example, in a photodiode arrangement the alarm condition may be triggered only if the movement distance exceeds a threshold.

A particularly advantageous implementation of a housing for the sensor structure will now be described further with reference to Figures 3 and 4.

The preferable embodiment for the sensor housing, suitable for installation in the socalled Euro-groove, is generally designated by reference numeral 300. As will be 12 fin-ther described, the housing 300 effectively comprises three separable parts. The first part of the housing 300 is the main body of the housing, generally designated by reference numeral 302, and having a longitudinal base and four walls comprising a pair of parallel longitudinal walls and a pair of end walls. The main body 302 thus has one open surface opposite the longitudinal base.

In this preferable embodiment, detachably mountable on the open surface of the main body 302 are two separate covers. A first cover 304 covers a first portion of the open surface of the housing, and a second cover 306 covers a second portion of the open surface of the housing, such that the open surface is fully coverable by the first and second covers.

Figure 4(a) illustrates a longitudinal section through the housing. Figure 4(b) illustrates a plan view of the sensor housing, and Figure 4(c) illustrates an elevated view of the sensor housing.

In the preferable embodiment shown in Figures 3 and 4, the main body of the housing is provided with a rim or protrusion generally designated by reference numerals 308 running along the two parallel longitudinal sides of the main body of the housing at an edge of the open surface thereof. The first cover part is provided, along two parallel longitudinal sides thereof, with an engagement means complimentary to the rim on the main body 302. As such, when the first cover 304 is closed on the main body, the engagement means 3 10 engages the rim 3 08 to secure the first coveron the main body 3 02. In this way the first cover may be clipped onto'the main body.

The design of the rim or protrusion 308 on the main body is such that it also provides a groove along which the second cover may slide. The second cover 306 is provided with corresponding engagement means 312 which engage the rims 308 to slide into a closed position.

In the arrangement shown in Figures 3 and 4, the respective engagement means 3 10 and 312 on the first and second covers is identical. The first cover is prevented from sliding by a stop 314 at one end of the main body 302, and a stop 316 on each of the rims 308 of the main body adjacent the location where the edge of the first cover rests in the closed position. In this way no sliding movement of the second cover is allowable.

In this arrangement the first cover is slidably mounted on the main body and retained in place by a tongue or protrusion 318 which engages under the edge of the first cover 13 as indicated by a slight indentation provided under the edge of the first cover represented by reference numeral 320.

The main body is preferably additionally provided with a plurality of protrusions, generally designated by reference numerals 322, along both longitudinal sides thereof In Figure 3 the protrusions along one side only are shown, but it will be appreciated that both sides carry such protrusions. The function and structure of such protrusions will be described further hereinbelow. In a preferable embodiment each side of the housing has four such protrusions.

Once the sensing device for detecting motion of the moving part is located in the io housing and the housing placed in the window frame or other frame, it will not normally be necessary for the sensor to be further accessed. For this reason in the preferable implementation the sensor or sensing device is housed in the housing in the portion covered by the first cover. The clip-on cover is then placed over the sensing device. In the event that it is necessary to access the sensor after placement in the housing, the clip-on cover can be readily lifted from the housing using, for example, a screwdriver or other prising means.

If the sensor is powered by a battery, then ready access to the battery in the housing of the sensor needs to be provided for replacing the battery when necessary. For this reason the battery is located in the part of the housing covered by the second cover.

When necessary, the cover can be slid off to access the battery.

Referring to Figure 4(b), there is shown a plan view of the housing 314, with both the first and second covers removed. The sensor itself is generally designated by reference numeral 324. The battery is generally designated by reference numeral 328. The stops 316 mark the portions of the housing covered by the first and second covers. The area to the left of the stops 316 is covered by the first, clip-on cover. The area to the right is covered by the second, slide-on cover. Also preferably housed in the area of the housing to the right of the stops 316, and hence covered by the slide-on cover, is a control block 328. The control block may allow for the sensor to be programmed. For example the control block may include a DIP switch to enable the sensor to be coded to operate in compatibility with a particular central control system. Such a control block may need to be accessed after the housing has been located in the window or other moving part.

14 A switch, such as a DIP switch, may also be provided in the portion covered by the second cover such that the distance by which the moving part may be moved without triggering the alarm condition may be set and/or varied.

Thus, advantageously, all those elements of the sensor which may be expected to be accessed are located in the part of the housing accessible via the sliding cover.

In an alternative arrangement the open side of the housing may have a single cover, which is a clip-on cover, slide-on cover or otherwise. The advantage of the present arrangement shown in the Figures is that only those elements of the sensor that need to be accessed are readily accessible. The- fact that the elements of the sensor which do not need to be accessed are not accessed when, for example, the battery is replaced make it less likely that the sensor will suffer unnecessary damage, but still allowing access to the sensor when necessary. Of course, in alternative arrangements the two covers may both be slide-on or both clip-on. Other possibilities for securing the cover or covers to the housing will also be apparent.

As is visible in Figure 3, the clip-on cover 304 is provided in the preferable embodiment with an opening 303. Such an opening may be provided to allow for communication between the sensing device in the housing and a co- operative means fitted to another part of the window frame. In the one implementation, the opening may provide access for the magnetic reed switch located in the housing. In other embodiments the opening may be provided for operation of a sensor which detects movement of a moving part, as discussed elsewhere herein.

In the preferred implementation in which the sensing device in the housing is a magnetic reed switch, the necessary contact with the magiietic strip can be established through the plastic cover. In such an arrangement, the opening 303 may be fitted with an LED to provide visual evidence, when a moving part is opened with the alarm system disabled, that the battery is still charged and the sensing device is operational.

Figure 4(d) shows a cross-section through A-A of the section of Figure 4(a), with the clip-on cover 304 clipped on the housing. Figure 4(e) shows a cross- section through B-B of the section of Figure 4(a), without the slide-on cover 306 in place, The housing shown in Figures 3 and 4 is advantageously designed to be readily fitted into the so-called Euro-groove once assembled. This advantageous design will be described further with reference to Figure 5. Figure 5 shows a cross- section of the housing 300, such as shown in Figure 4(d), and a corresponding crosssection illustrating the shape of the Euro-groove.

Referring to Figures 5(a) and 5(b), and as will be understood from Figure 2(a), the Euro-groove effectively comprises an elongated slot having a base designated generally by reference numeral 508, and two parallel walls generally designated by reference numeral 5 10. The top edge 506 of each wall 5 10 define an opening to the elongated Euro-groove slot. The Euro-groove is additionally provided with an elongated protrusion 502 on each of the elongated walls 510. The effect of the protrusions 502 is to define in the Euro-groove opening a first wide opening at the base thereof extending in regions 504 under the protrusions, a second narrower opening between the protrusions 502, and a third wider opening corresponding to the io wider opening at the base at the top opening of the Euro-groove above the protrusions 502. The cross-sectional profile of the Euro-groove can be readily understood with reference to Figure 5(a) in particular.

The profile of the cross-section of the housing 300 for the sensor is such that it must enable the housing to fit into the Euro-groove. Referring to Figure 5(a), the Euro- groove dictates that the width of the housing must be narrower than the width provided between the protrusions 502, in order for the housing to fit into the Eurogroove. In accordance with a preferable implementation, however, the dimensions of the housing are not so limited.

As can be seen from Figures 5(a) and 5(b), the plurality of protrusions 322 on the housing 302 extend beyond the outer limits of the main housing. With the sensor housing located in the Euro-groove, as shown in Figure 5(b), protrusions 322 extend into the openings 504 beneath the protrusions 502 thereby preventing the sensor housing from being removed from the Euro-groove. When necessary, by the application off some leverage force the sensor housing may be prised from the Euro- groove. The protrusions 322 are therefore preferably made from a resilient or other material which enables them to pass through the gap defined by the protrusions 502.

Thus the housing may be placed into the Euro-groove by application of a small amount of pressure to force the protrusions 322 past the protrusions 502. Thereafter the housing can only be removed from the Euro- groove with the application of some leverage force, thus securing the housing in the Euro-groove. The protrusions 322 thus cooperate with the protrusions 502 to secure the housing in the Euro-groove.

WI-fflst the Figures represent a preferable arrangement for installing the sensor housing in the Euro-groove, it will be appreciated that the sensor housing may be 16 fitted utilising other means. The housing for example may be fitted using glue. The housing may be mechanically secured in position using, for example, screws.

The housing may also be fitted into the Euro-groove using an arrangement as shown in Figures 5(a) and 5(b) but without the protrusions or spigots 322. In this arrangement, the material of the sensor housing may have a certain amount of resilience such that it can be merely pushed into the Euro-groove.

Figure 5(c) illustrates, as Figure 5(b), the cross-sectional profile of the Euro-groove with the housing secured in place. In addition, Figure 5(c) shows a cross-section through the portion of the housing containing a battery. As can be seen, a battery of a 1 Omm diameter fits into the housing which in turn fits into the Euro- groove. In Figures 5(b) and 5(c) the preferable dimensions of the housing are illustrated.

Referring to Figure 6 there is illustrated a typical domestic building environment incorporating examples of security elements as described hereinabove. The building environment includes three window frames 100, 102, and 104, each having an associated moving part 122, 124, and 126. The building also includes a door frame 106 having an associated moving part 107. Each of the window frames is fitted with a two-part contact including a wireless transmitter as described hereinabove with reference to Figures I and 2(a), as represented generally, for the purposes of this description, by the blocks designated by reference numerals 108, 110, and 112.

Similarly the door is fitted with such a sensor with a wireless transmitter as designated by reference numeral 114. Each of the transmitters transmit the state of their associated sensor, as indicated by arrows 116, 118, 120 and 121.

The signals transmitted by the individual transmitters are each received by an antenna 130 of a control unit 128. The security system will additionally include other elements. For example the building may be fitted with passive infra-red detectors (PIRs) and floor pressure pads. Each of these other sensors may be connected to the control unit 128 by a wireless transmitter or by direct wiring, as represented generally by the signals 132 forming an input to the control unit. In addition other windows in the building may be fitted with other types of sensor, such as the motion or heat sensor described hereinabove.

The control unit will be responsive to the signals transmitted by the various sensors in the building to trigger alarms. The signals 134 forming an output of the control unit represent generally outputs to drive alarms. The alarm is triggered responsive to a signal from one of the sensors. The alarm may be an audible siren or bell. The alarm 17 may be a light. The light may be a light on the outside of the premises. The alarm may be an automated telephone call to the police or security services.

Signals from different sensors may trigger different types of alarm. For example if a sensor such as that for detecting motion or heat such as that described hereinabove detects motion or heat on the outside of the building, an appropriate signal to the control unit 128 may cause the control unit merely to switch on an external floodlight.

In a preferable implementation the alarm system has three modes of operation. In a first mode, which may be called an inactive mode, the whole system is deactivated, and the control unit 128 is inoperable responsive to any signal from a sensor. In such an inactive mode the control unit 128 will typically be powered down. A second mode of operation may be called a monitor mode, and is described further hereinbelow. A third mode of operation, called an alarm mode, is the mode in which the alarm system is fully active and the control unit 128 is responsive to signals from the various sensors. The alarm mode may, however, allow the system user to de- activate only certain sensors or sensors in certain areas of the building.

In the monitor mode, the alarm system is not active. That is, no alarms are triggered responsive to signals from the sensors. However, the sensors still transmit signals indicative of their state, and these signals are received and registered by the control unit. For example the two-part sensor described hereinabove will transmit a signal indicative of its state. Such a sensor fitted to one of the windows 100 to 104 will indicate whether the window is open or closed. The control unit can thus log the times at which the window is opened and closed and keep an audit trail for such activity. In the same way information from other sensors can be logged and maintained in an audit trail.

In an arrangement where the sensing device allows for a moving part to be opened partly without triggering an alarm condition, the sensing device may be configured to trigger one of these condition signals representing one of these respective states:

closed; partly open; and open.

This audit trail may be particularly advantageous in buildings where there is public access or access by large numbers. For example if a door such as the door 106 was fitted with a keypad or other security means for allowing selective entry into a room, then the audit trail can monitor the identity of the individual entering or leaving as well as the time the room was accessed.

18 A two-part sensor fitted as described above when fitted to one of the windows 100 to 104 may trigger a close circuit television system (CCTV) to film a person entering through a door window. In such a case the filming may only commence when the sensor indicates that a door or window has been opened, thus not requiring for a CCTV system to constantly monitor an access area.

In this way a computer connected to the control unit 128 can also check to see if any windows or doors remain open at a time when the security system is to be placed in alarm mode, and give information to an operator as to which window or door remains open and needs to be closed.

The control unit may also advise an operator of any doors or windows which are partly open", and verify that it is desired for the alarm system to be set with these moving parts in this condition.

In such systems a computer may be connected to the control unit 128 either directly or via remote means to retrieve the audit information.

It will be appreciated by one skilled in the art that any one of the sensors described hereinabove may be utilised alone or in combination with another in a security system.

The wireless transmitters associated with the various sensors described hereinabove may preferably operate at 418 Hz. This frequency of operation is preferably a narrowband frequency.

Figures 7 and 8 illustrate an implementation of the exemplary embodiment of the e present invention, in which the sensor comprises a housing including a magn tic re d switch located in a moving part, and a complimentary magnetic strip mounted to the non-moving part.

Referring to Figures 7(a) to 7(c) there is illustrated generally a window frame comprising a frame 202 and a moving part comprising a window 200. The moving part 200 includes a Euro-groove 216 into which the sensing device 204 is fitted as described hereinabove. The sensing device 204 includes a lid 208 for removal, for replacing a battery for example. An LED 206 is provided on the surface of the sensing device. A magnetic strip 212 is attached to the frame 202, such that with the window or moving part 200 in the closed position the magnetic strip faces, and is in contact with, the surface of the sensing device 204 in the Euro-Groove 206, As can be seen from Figures 7(b) and 7(c), to assist in the installation of the sensing device, a marking line 210 is provided on the sensing device 204 and a marking line 214 19 provided on the magnetic strip 212. The marking lines 210 and 214 are used such that the sensor housing 204 and magnetic strip 212 are positioned with the respective lines aligned, thereby to ensure that the magnetic strip is in the correct location to interact with the magnetic reed switch in the housing 204. Figure 7(b) also generally illustrates a hinge 218 which is used for mounting the moving part 200 onto the frame 202.

For completeness, referring to Figures 8(a) to 8(c) there is shown a similar implementation of the sensor of the exemplary implementation mounted in a door.

Reference numerals in Figure 8 refer to elements which are the same as elements i o shown in Figure 7. Thus referring to Figure 8(a), there is illustrated a door frame 242 to which a door 240 comprising a moving part is hinged. In the same way as discussed hereinabove with reference to Figures 7(b) and 7(c), the sensing device and the magnetic strip are mounted to the Euro-groove of the door and the frame of the doorframe, as shown in Figures 8(b) and 8(c).

Claims

1. A sensing device for fitting in a frame for mounting in the opening of a closed environment, the frame including a moving part for providing means for access into the closed environment, wherein the sensing device is for fitting in the moving part for detecting movement of the moving part.

2. The sensing device of claim 2 further including a wireless transmitter for communicating the state of the sensing device.

3. The sensing device of claim I or claim 2 having a first state in which the moving part is closed relative to the frame, and a second state in which the moving part is open relative to the frame.

4. The sensing device of any one of claims I to 3 wherein the first state is indicated by not transmitting, and the second state is indicated by transmitting.

5. The sensing device of any one of claims I to 4 in which the sensing device is attached to the moving part.

6. The sensing device of any one of claims I to 5 comprising two complimentary parts, a first part attached to the moving part and a second part attached to the frame itself

7. The sensing device of claim 6 in which only one of the first and second parts is energised.

8. The sensing device of claim 7 in which only the first part is energised.

9. The sensing device of any one of claims 6 to 8 in which the first part includes the wireless transmitter.

10. The sensing device of any one of claims 6 to 9 in which the second part comprises a magnetic strip, and the first part comprises a magnetic reed switch.

11. The sensing device of claim 10 in which the first part is energised only when the second part is separated from the first part.

12. The sensing device of any one of claims 3 to I I wherein the two parts of the sensing device are positioned such that with the moving part in a closed position relative to the frame they are in contact, and otherwise they are separated.

13. The sensing device of any one of claims I to 12 wherein the sensor is energised by a battery

14. The sensing device of any one of claims 1 to 12 wherein the sensor is energised by a solar cell.

21

15. The sensing device of claim 13 wherein the battery is rechargeable.

16. The sensing device of claim 15 wherein the battery is rechargeable by a solar cell.

17. The sensing device of any one of claims 13 to 16 when dependent upon claim 6 wherein only one part of the sensing device is energised.

18. The sensing device of any one of claims I to 17 in which the frame is a door frame, the moving part comprising a door.

19. The sensing device of any one of claims I to 18 in which the frame is a window frame, the moving part comprising a window.

20. The sensing device of any one of claims I to 49 in which the frame is the frame of a double-glazed installation.

21. The sensing device of claim 20 in which the double-glazed installation is of the type having a Euro-groove in the frame.

22. The sensing device of claim 21 in which the sensing device is mounted in the Euro-groove.

23. The sensing device of claim 20 or claim 21 when dependent on claim 51 wherein the first part of the sensing device is mounted in the Euro-groove.

24. The sensing device of any one of claims 3 to 23 wherein the moving part is in the open position across a range of movement of the moving part.

25. A sensor for a double-glazed fitting having a frame for mounting in a building and a moving part, the moving part having a so-called Euro-groove having an opening facing a surface of the frame, wherein the sensor is secured in the Euro- groove, the sensor providing a means for detecting movement of the moving part.

26. The sensor of claim 25, wherein the sensor is mounted in a housing for securing in the Euro-groove.

-groove carries protrusions on the

27. The sensor of claim 26 wherein the Euro longitudinal sides thereof, the housing being provided with means on the longitudinal sides thereof for engaging such protrusions and thereby securing the housing in the Euro-groove.

28. The sensor of claim 27 wherein the means for engaging comprise complimentary protrusions.

29. The sensor of claim 27 or 28 wherein the means for engaging comprise resilient means.

30. The sensor of claim 25 or 26, wherein the housing is secured in the Euro-groove by mechanical means.

31. The sensor of claim 30, wherein the mechanical means comprise at least one screw.

32. The sensor of claim 25 or 26 wherein the housing is secured in the Euro-groove by glue.

33. The sensor of any one of claims 26 to 32 wherein the housing has a clip-on lid providing a means for accessing the sensor.

34. The sensor of any one of claims 26 to 32, wherein the housing has a slide-on lid providing a means for accessing the sensor.

35. The sensor of any one of claims 26 to 32, wherein the housing has both a clip-on lid and a slide-on lid, for providing means of access to different parts of the housing.

36. The sensor of claim 35, wherein the slide-on lid provides access to a battery for powering the sensor.

37. The sensor of claim 35, wherein the slide-on lid provides access to control functions associated with the sensor.

38. The sensor of any one of claims 33 to 37 wherein the lid of the housing is accessible with the housing fixed in the Euro-groove.

39. The sensor of claim 38 wherein the lid of the housing is accessible only with the moving part in an open position.

40. The sensor of any one of claims 25 to 39 wherein the sensor comprises a sensing device according to any one of claims I to 24. -

41. The sensing device of any one of claims I to 24 wherein the sensing device is mounted in a housing for securing in the frame.

42. The housing of claim 41 having a clip-on lid providing a means for accessing the sensor.

43. The housing of claim 41 having a slide-on lid providing a means for accessing the sensor.

44. The housing of claim 41 having both a clip-on lid and a slide-on lid, for providing means of access to different parts of the housing.

45. The housing of claim 44, wherein the slide-on lid provides access to a battery for powering the sensor.

46. The housing of claim 44, wherein the slide-on lid provides access to control functions associated with the sensor.

23

47. The housing of any one of claims 42 to 46 wherein the lid of the housing is accessible with the housing fixed in position.

48. The housing of any one of claims 42 to 46 wherein the lid of the housing is accessible only with the moving part in an open position.

49. A double-glazed fitting having a frame for mounting in a building and a moving part comprising a door or a window, the moving part having a socalled Eurogroove, the Euro-groove having an opening facing a surface of the frame, wherein a sensor including a magnetic reed switch is mounted in the Euro-groove for interaction with a complimentary part comprising a magnetic strip on the surface of the frame, wherein in a closed position of the moving part the magnetic reed switch is in contact with the magnetic strip part, and in an open position of the moving part the magnetic reed switch is separated from the magnetic strip, the sensor including a wireless transmitter which is energised responsive to the reed switch being separated ftom the magnetic strip.

50. A security system including a sensing device according to any one of claims 1 to 24, a sensor according to any one of claims 25 to 40, or a housing according to any one of claims 41 to 48.

1. A frame, for mounting in the opening of a building, including a moving part for providing means for access into the building, wherein the frame is fitted with a sensing device for detecting movement of the moving part, which sensing device includes a wireless transmitter for communicating the state of the sensing device.

52. The frame of claim 51 wherein the sensing device has a first state in which the moving part is closed relative to the frame, and a'second state in which the moving part is open relative to the frame.

53. The frame of claim 51 or claim 52 wherein the sensing device indicates the first state by not transmitting, and the sensing device indicates the second state by transmitting.

54. The frame of any one of claims 51 to 53 in which the sensing device is attached to the moving part.

55. The frame of any one of claims 51 to 54 in which the sensing device comprises two complimentary parts, a first part attached to the moving part and a second part attached to the frame itself

56. The frame of claim 55 in which only one of the first and second parts is energised.

57. The frame of claim 56 in which only the first part is energised.

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58. The frame of any one of claims 55 to 57 in which the first part includes the wireless transmitter.

59. The frame of any one of claims 55 to 58 in which the second part comprises a magnetic strip, and the first part comprises a magnetic reed switch.

60. The frame of claim 59 in which the first part is energised only when the second part is separated from the first part.

61. The frame of any one of claims 52 to 60 wherein the two parts of the sensing device are positioned such that with the moving part in a closed position relative to the frame they are in contact, and otherwise they are separated.

62. The frame of any one of claims 51 to 61 wherein the sensor is energised by a battery.

63. The frame of any one of claims 51 to 62 wherein the sensor is energised by a solar cell.

64. The frame of claim 62 wherein the battery is rechargeable.

65. The frame of claim 64 wherein the battery is rechargeable by a solar cell.

66. The frame of any one of claims 62 to 65 when dependent upon claim 55 wherein only one part of the sensing device is energised.

67. The frame of any one of claims 51 to 66 in which the frame is a door frame, the moving part comprising a door.

68. The frame of any one of claims 51 to 67 in which the frame is a window frame, the moving part comprising a window.

69. The frame of any one of claims 51 to 68 in which the frame is the frame of a double-glazed installation.

70. The frame of claim 69 in which the double-glazed installation is of the type having a Euro-groove in the frame.

71. The frame of claim 70 in which the sensing device is mounted in the Euro-groove.

72. The frame of claim 70 or claim 71 when dependent on claim 55 wherein the first part of the sensing device is mounted in the Euro-groove.

73. The frame of any one of claims 52 to 72 wherein the moving part is in the open position across a range of movement of the moving part.

74. A frame, for mounting in the opening of a building, the frame including a double glazed fitting, wherein the frame is fitted with a sensing device for detecting movement proximate to the building.

75. A frame, for mounting in the opening of a building, the frame including a double glazed fitting, wherein the frame is fitted with a sensing device for detecting heat proximate to the building.

76. The frame of claim 74 or 75 in which the sensing device includes a wireless transmitter for communicating the state of the sensing device.

77. The frame of any one of claims 75 to 76 wherein the sensing device is fitted in the air interface of the double-glazed fitting between the glass panes.

78. The frame of any one of claims 74 to 77 in which the sensing device is battery powered.

io

79. The frame of claim 78 in which said battery is re-chargeable.

80. The frame of claim 79 in which the battery is re-chargeable by a solar cell associated with the frame.

8 1. A sensor for a double-glazed fitting having a frame for mounting in a building and a moving part comprising a door or window, the moving part having a so- called Euro-groove, the Euro-groove having an opening facing a surface of the frame, wherein the sensor includes a magnetic reed switch for mounting in the Euro groove for interaction with a complimentary part comprising a magnetic strip for mounting on the surface of the frame, wherein in a closed position of the moving part the magnetic reed switch is in contact with the magnetic strip part, and in an open position of the moving part the magnetic reed switch is separated from the magnetic strip, the sensor including a wireless transmitter which is energised responsive to the reed switch being separated from the magnetic strip.

82. The sensor of claim 81 wherein the wireless transmitter is energised by a battery.

83. The sensor of claim 81 wherein the wireless transmitter is energised by a solar cell.

84. The sensor of claim 83 wherein the solar-cell is integral to the sensing device.

85. The sensor of claim 82 wherein the battery is re-chargeable.

86. The sensor of claim 85 wherein the battery is re-chargeable by an integral solar cell.

87. A method of tracking access to a building, the building having at least one means of access comprising a frame for mounting in the opening of the building having a moving part for providing means for the access, wherein the frame is fitted with a sensing device for detecting movement of the moving part, which sensing device is associated with a wireless transmitter for communicating with a remote 26 controller, wherein the moving part has a first position in which it is closed, wherein the method comprises receiving a signal at a control means from the sensing device responsive to the moving part being moved to or from its first position.

88. A method of tracking access to a building, the building having a frame for mounting in the opening of a building, the frame including a doubleglazed fitting, wherein the frame is fitted with a sensing device for detecting movement proximate to the building, wherein the method comprises receiving a signal at a control means from the sensing device responsive to detection of movement proximate the building.

89. A method of tracking access to a building, the building having a frame, for mounting in the opening of a building, the frame including a double- glazed fitting, wherein the frame is fitted with a sensing device for detecting heat proximate to the building wherein the method comprises receiving a signal at a control means from the sensing device responsive to detection of heat proximate the building.

90. The method of claim 88 or 89 in which the sensing device is associated with a wireless transmitter.

9 1. The method of any one of claims 8 7 to 90 wherein in a monitor mode of operation the control means monitors and records signals from the sensing means.

92. The method of any one of claims 87 to 90 wherein in an alarm mode of operation the control means monitors and records signals from the sensing means and triggers an appropriate alarm.

93. The method of claim 91 wherein the appropriate alarm'-may be an audible signal, a visible signal, or a notification to a control center.

94. A building including a frame according to any one of claims 51 to 80.

95. A security system for a building including a frame according to any one of claims 51 to 80.

96. A security system for a building including a frame according to any one of claims 51 to 73 or 76 to 80, in which the security system includes a control unit for remote communication with the wireless transmitter.

97. A sensor or sensing device substantially as described herein.

98. A sensor or sensing device substantially as described herein with reference to or as shown in any one of the Figures.

99, A frame substantially as described herein.

27

100. A frame substantially as described herein with reference to or as shown in any one of the Figures.

101, A security system substantially as described herein.

102. A security system substantially as described herein with reference to or as shown in any one of the Figures.

103. A method for operating a security system substantially as described herein.

104. A method for operating a security system substantially as described herein with reference to or as shown in any one of the Figures.

105. A sensing device for fitting in a frame for mounting in the opening of a closed environment, the frame including a moving part for providing means for access into the closed environment, wherein the sensing device is for detecting movement of the moving part, which sensing device is associated with a wireless transmitter for communicating the state of the sensing device.

106. The sensing device of claim 105 wherein the sensing device has a first state in which the moving part is closed relative to the frame, and a second state in which the moving part is open relative to the frame.

107. The sensing device of claim 105 or claim 106 wherein the sensing device indicates the first state by not transmitting, and the sensing device indicates the second state by transmitting.

108. The sensing device of any one of claim 105 to 107 in which the sensing device is attached to the moving part.

109. The sensing device of any one of claims 105 to 108 in which the sensing device comprises two complimentary parts, a first part attached to the moving part and a second part attached to the frame itself

110. The sensing device of claim 109 in which only one of the first and second parts is energised.

111. The sensing device of claim 111 in which only the first part is energised.

112. The sensing device of any one of claims 109 to 111 in which the first part includes the wireless transmitter.

113. The sensing device of any one of claims 109 to 112 in which the second part comprises a magnetic strip, and the first part comprises a magnetic reed switch.

114. The sensing device of claim 113 in which the first part is energised only when the second part is separated from the first part.

28

115. The sensing device of any one of claims 106 to 114 wherein the two parts of the sensing device are positioned such that with the moving part in a closed position relative to the frame they are in contact, and otherwise they are separated.

116. The sensing device of any one of claims 105 to 115 wherein the sensor is energised by a battery.

117. The sensing device of any one of claims 105 to 115 wherein the sensor is energised by a solar cell.

118. The sensing device of claim 116 wherein the battery is rechargeable.

io

119. The sensing device of claim 118 wherein the battery is rechargeable by a solar cell.

120. The sensing device of any one of claims 116 to 119 when dependent upon claim 109 wherein only one part of the sensing device is energised.

121. The sensing device of any one of claims 105 to 12 in which the frame is a door frame, the moving part comprising a door.

122. The sensing device of any one of claims 105 to 121 in which the frame is a window frame, the moving part comprising a window.

123. The sensing device of any one of claims 105 to 122 in which the frame is the frame of a double-glazed installation.

124. The sensing device of claim 123 in which the double-glazed installation is of the type having a Euro-groove in the frame. -

125. The sensing device of claim 12 in which the sensing device is mounted in the Euro-groove.

126. The sensing device of claim 124 or claim 125 when dependent on claim 109 wherein the first part of the sensing device is mounted in the Eurogroove.

127. The sensing device of any one of claims 106 to 126 wherein the moving part is in the open position across a range of movement of the moving part.