HK1084230B - Magnetic actuator - Google Patents

Description

Electromagnetic operating device

The present application is a divisional application of the application entitled electromagnetic operating device having an application date of 27/8/2003 and an application number of 03155074.6.

Technical Field

The present invention relates to an operating device for driving a switch used in an electric power transmission and distribution system, and more particularly to an electromagnetic operating device having a permanent magnet and an electromagnetic coil.

Background

Fig. 19 is a diagram showing a main configuration of a conventional switchgear 500 (see, for example, patent document 1).

In the figure, 100 denotes an electromagnetic operation device, and 200 denotes a switch which is directly connected to the electromagnetic operation device 100 and performs on/off of an electric circuit. 300. Reference numeral 301 denotes a spring, which is provided at two positions on the upper and lower portions of the solenoid-operated device 100, and assists the switch 200 when the switch is driven by the solenoid-operated device 100.

As shown in fig. 18, the main structure of the electromagnetic operation device 100 is composed of: a yoke 250 formed by laminating magnetic steel sheets, which are punched integrally with the left side yoke 201, the right side yoke 202, the upper yoke 203, and the lower yoke 204; a permanent magnet 205 mounted by solid inner yokes 201b, 202b provided on the rod portion 201a of the left yoke and the rod portion 202a of the right yoke, respectively; a mover 206 movable by a given stroke within the yoke 250; first and second coils 207, 208. It is noted that the first and second coils 207, 208 are arranged to have equal magnetic fluxes (AT). The mover 206 is provided with a rod 209 that penetrates the upper and lower yokes 203, 204 and is connected to the switch 200. Note that a gap g is provided between the permanent magnet 205 and the mover 206. Fig. 18 shows an example in which the switch 200 is provided at the upper part of the drawing, and the mounting position is different from that of fig. 19.

The mover 206 is held at the first portion 203a of the yoke 203 by a magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 205. Then, the second coil 208 and the permanent magnet are made to have the same polarity by excitation, the mover 206 held by the upper yoke 203 is moved to the lower yoke 204 side by a predetermined stroke while canceling the holding force, and reaches the lower yoke 204, and if excitation of the second coil 208 is stopped, the second portion 204a of the lower yoke 204 is held by the magnetic field generated by the permanent magnet 205. The given stroke length is a necessary value to open the contact 210 of the switch 200. In the example shown in fig. 18, the mover 206 is held at the second portion 204a of the lower yoke 204, and a gap G corresponding to the stroke exists between the mover and the upper yoke 203. Note that, as shown in fig. 19, when the spring 301 excites the second coil 208 and starts moving the mover 206, the rod 209 assists the opening driving of the contact of the switch 200, and when the contact is closed from the state shown in fig. 18, the upper spring 300 assists.

Next, if the first coil 207 is similarly excited, the mover 206 moves to the upper yoke 203 side shown in fig. 18, closes the contact 210 of the switch 200, and is held at the first portion 203a of the upper yoke 203.

Next, the operation principle of the mover 206 will be described with reference to fig. 17(a) to (c). Fig. 17 shows an example in which a switch 200 is provided at an upper portion of the drawing, and is different from the position shown in fig. 19.

(1) In fig. 17(a), the contact 210 is in a closed state, the mover 206 is held at the first portion 203a of the upper yoke 203, and the first and second coils 207 and 208 are not excited. Here, N in the drawing indicates the polarity of the permanent magnet generated on the surface of the mover 206, and S indicates the polarity of the permanent magnet generated on the surfaces of the levers 201a and 202a shown in fig. 18. In this state, the permanent magnet 205 forms two magnetic paths L₁And L₂Generate respective magnetic fluxes *_PM1And *_PM2。*_PM1Via (L)₁) Upper reluctance is low, so *_PM1＞＞*_PM2. Accordingly, an attractive force is generated between the mover 206 and the upper yoke 203. Here, the attractive force is represented by F- *²/S/μ₀＝Bg²/S/μ₀It is shown that Bg is the magnetic flux density of the gap, and S is the contact area of the mover 206 and the upper yoke 203.

(2) Next, if the second coil 208 is excited, as shown in fig. 17(b), a magnetic flux * is generated_coil2-1And *_coil2-2. Magnetic flux * generated by the resultant permanent magnet 205_PM1And *_PM2If *_PM2+*_coil2-1＞*_PM1-*_coil2-2The mover 206 is pulled in the direction of the lower yoke 204The force of (c).

(3) * if mover 206 leaves upper yoke 203_PM2+*_coil2-1＞＞*_PM1-*_coil2-2Therefore, as shown in fig. 17(c), the mover 206 moves by a predetermined stroke to reach the second portion 204a of the lower yoke 204.

(4) Here, if the excitation of the second coil 208 is stopped, it becomes *_PM1＜＜*_PM2As also shown in fig. 17(c), the mover 206 is held at the second portion 204a of the lower yoke 204.

As described above, the mover 206 moves in the yoke 250 by a predetermined stroke, and the contact 210 of the switch 200 attached to the rod 209 directly connected to the mover 206 is opened, thereby interrupting the current of the power transmission and distribution system.

Note that, in order to change from the open state of the contact 210 shown in fig. 17(c) to the closed state of the contact 210 shown in fig. 17(a), the first coil 207 is excited, and the mover 206 moves in the direction of the upper yoke 203 by the same principle as described above, the excitation of the first coil 207 is stopped, and the magnetic flux * of the permanent magnet 205 passes through_PM1The mover 206 is held at the first portion 203a of the upper yoke 203, and the contact 210 of the switch 200 is closed to input a current.

Patent document 1 refers to EP 0721650B 1.

In this way, in the electromagnetic operating device 100 used in the conventional switch device 500, since the permanent magnet 205 for holding the mover 206 at the first or second position is attached to the rods 201a and 202a via the strong internal yokes 201b and 202b, and exists on the magnetic path generated by the coils 207 and 208 for driving the mover 206, the permanent magnet 205 and the internal yokes 201b and 202b generate eddy currents by turning on and off the excitation power supply, which is not shown.

This eddy current not only impairs the response characteristics of the electromagnetic operating device 200, but also has the problem of increasing the size and cost of the excitation power supply.

Disclosure of Invention

In view of the above problems, the main object of the present invention is to: the generation of eddy current is reduced by providing a permanent magnet on a magnetic path different from a magnetic path for driving the mover.

Specifically, an electromagnetic operating device having a small-sized low-cost power supply, in which a magnetic circuit for driving a mover excited by a coil is shared by a first yoke and a magnetic circuit for holding the mover by a permanent magnet is shared by a second yoke, thereby improving response characteristics, is provided. Yet another object of the present invention is to: when the contact of the switch device is opened and closed, the magnetic gap between the yoke and the mover is different from the magnetic gap between the yoke and the mover on the side opposite to the side where the mover provided in the yoke is held by the yoke, so that the control characteristic of the electromagnetic operation device is improved.

Further, the present invention is directed to: the sectional area of the lower yoke is made smaller than that of the upper yoke, and the magnetomotive force of the coil is made different, thereby achieving weight reduction and cost reduction.

To achieve the above-described primary object, the present invention provides an electromagnetic operating device, comprising: a first yoke comprising an assembly of laminated metal sheets; a second yoke attached to a surface perpendicular to a stacking direction of the thin metal plates of the first yoke; a permanent magnet attached to the second yoke; a mover located in the first yoke and reciprocally movable in a first direction in a stroke between a first location and a second location on the first yoke; and at least one coil, wherein a magnetic flux generated by the at least one coil passes through a first magnetic circuit including the mover and the first yoke, thereby moving the mover toward one of the first and second locations, and a magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet passes through a second magnetic circuit including the permanent magnet, the first yoke, the second yoke, and the mover, thereby holding the mover at one of the first and second locations.

An electromagnetic operation device of the present invention includes a mover disposed in a first yoke and reciprocating in a first direction, and a second yoke mounted with a permanent magnet and attached to the first yoke;

the first yoke has first and second portions that contact the mover, and first and second coils are provided, and the mover forms a first magnetic path with the first yoke by being excited by the first or second coil, and reciprocally moves toward the first or second portion of the first yoke with a given stroke;

the permanent magnet is provided on a second magnetic path formed by the first yoke, the second yoke, and the mover, and a drive mechanism is provided for driving the mover in the first direction while the mover is held by the first or second portion of the first yoke by the magnetic flux.

Drawings

The drawings are briefly described as follows.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing main components of an operation device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing an operation device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a yoke and a mover of the operating device according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view showing a mover according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the mover according to embodiment 1 of the present invention and an operation device according to embodiment 2.

Fig. 6 is a diagram showing another embodiment of the mover according to embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a view showing an operation device according to embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory view of the operation principle of the operation device according to embodiments 1 to 6 of the present invention.

FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing an operation device according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is a schematic view showing a second yoke according to embodiment 3 of the present invention.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram showing main components of an operation device according to embodiment 4 of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a schematic view showing an operation device according to embodiment 4 of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing an operation device in embodiment 5 of the present invention.

FIG. 14 is a schematic view showing an operating apparatus according to embodiment 6 of the present invention.

Fig. 15 is a conceptual diagram illustrating a yoke and a mover of an operating device according to embodiment 6 of the present invention.

Fig. 16 is an explanatory diagram of the operation principle of the operation device of embodiment 6 of the present invention.

Fig. 17 is an explanatory diagram of an operation principle of the conventional operation device.

Fig. 18 is a diagram showing a conventional operation device.

Fig. 19 is a diagram showing a conventional switchgear.

Description of symbols:

1-a yoke; 1 a-upper yoke; 1 b-lower yoke; 1 c-side yoke; 1 d-a recess; 1 e-a convex part; 2. 2 c-a mover; 2 a-mover general section; 2 b-mover end faces; 2 d-a laminate; 2 e-a recess; 2 f-a lamination section; 2 g-end face of laminated part; 3-a first coil; 3 a-a coil; 4. 4 a-a second coil; 5. 5a, 5b, 5 c-a second yoke; 6. 6a, 6b, 6 c-permanent magnets; 7-a rod; 8-first site; 9-second site; 10. 10 a-an end plate; 10 b-an opening; 10 c-end plate end face; 11-a fastening bolt; 12-a spring; 13-a gasket; 15-adjusting the bolt; 16-a movable core; 100-an operating device; 200-a switch; 201-contact; 209-movable shaft; 500-a switching device; g-voids; g1 — first void; g2 — second void; w₁Upper yoke thicknessDegree; w₂-lower yoke thickness.

Detailed Description

(example 1)

Next, an electromagnetic operation device 100 according to embodiment 1 of the present invention will be described with reference to fig. 1 to 6 and 8.

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram showing main constituent parts of an electromagnetic operation device 100, and fig. 2 is a schematic diagram after installation. Fig. 3 is a conceptual diagram illustrating the yoke and the mover as viewed from the direction of arrow a in fig. 1.

In the figure, 1 is a first yoke, 1a is an upper yoke, 1b is a lower yoke, 1c is a side yoke, 2 is a mover, 3 is a first coil, 4 is a second coil, 5 is a second yoke, 6 is a permanent magnet, 7 is a rod, 8 is a first portion, and 9 is a second portion. Reference numeral 209 denotes a rod, which penetrates the upper and lower yokes 1a and 1b, is connected to the mover 2, and is connected to a contact 210 of the switch 200.

The first yoke 1 is formed by laminating electromagnetic thin steel plates in which an upper yoke 1a, a lower yoke 1b, a side yoke 1c, and a rod 7 are integrally punched. The upper yoke 1a has a first portion 8 for holding the mover 2 in contact therewith, and the lower yoke 1b also has a second portion 9.

The first yoke 1 is provided with a mover 2, first and second coils 3 and 4, which are reciprocally movable by a predetermined stroke in a first direction corresponding to the vertical direction of fig. 1. In a second direction orthogonal to the first direction, a pair of second yokes 5 are provided with the side yokes 1c interposed therebetween.

The mover 2 is an electromagnetic thin steel plate or a laminated structure of thin steel plates, and is provided with a rod 209 connected to the switch 200. It is noted that there is a gap g between the mover 2 and the rod 7. The pair of second yokes 5 are made of solid steel plate, have a rectangular configuration, and are mounted on the side yokes 1c by bolts or fastening members, not shown. The permanent magnet 6 is provided at a longitudinal center portion of the second yoke 5, and is disposed to face the mover 2 with a gap g therebetween in an assembled state.

Here, fig. 3(a) shows a state in which the mover 2 contacts the first portion 8 of the upper yoke 1a and the mover 2 is held by the permanent magnet 6 provided on the second yoke 5.

In addition, this state is a state in which the contact 210 of the switch 200 is closed. Fig. 3(b) shows a state where the mover 2 is held in contact with the second portion 9 of the lower yoke 1b, and the contact 210 of the switch 200 is opened. As shown in fig. (a) and (b), a first gap G1 is provided between the end surface of the mover 2 and the first portion 8 of the upper yoke 1a, and a second gap G2 is provided between the end surface of the mover 2 and the second portion 9 of the lower yoke 1 b.

Next, a magnetic circuit constituted by the first yoke 1 and the second yoke 5 is described. In the first yoke 1, a magnetic flux of a first magnetic path generated by excitation of the first coil 3 or the second coil 4 by an excitation power supply of a coil, not shown, passes through the yoke 1 and the mover 2. It corresponds to * shown in FIG. 17(b) and FIG. 8(b) described later in the prior art_coil2-1And *_coil2-2。

The mover 2 is reciprocated by the magnetic flux of the first magnetic circuit in the first direction of the yoke 1 by a stroke G1 and a stroke G2-t. When the switch 200 is operated from the closed state of the contact 210 in fig. 3(a) to the open state of the contact 210 in fig. 3(b), * is generated by exciting the second coil 4 as shown in fig. 8(b)_coil2-1And *_coil2-2The mover 2 is driven from the first portion 8 of the upper yoke 1a to the second portion 9 of the lower yoke 1b by a distance corresponding to a predetermined stroke G2-t.

In addition, the first coil 3 is excited to drive the mover 2 from the open state of the contact 210 in fig. 3(b) to the closed state in fig. 3 (a). Thus, the yoke 1 includes: a function of forming a magnetic circuit through which a magnetic flux of the first magnetic circuit generated by excitation of the first coil 3 or the second coil 4 passes. Therefore, in order to reduce the eddy current generated in the yoke 1 in accordance with the excitation of the coil, the yoke 1 has a laminated structure of electromagnetic thin steel plates.

The mover 2 is also constructed by laminating electromagnetic thin steel plates for the same reason, and is constructed by fastening bolts 11 to end plates 10 made of steel plate as shown in fig. 4.

Here, the first and second coils 3 and 4 may be formed of coils each including a plurality of coils, and as described above, the coils necessary for driving the mover 2 are not particularly limited to the first and second coils, and a plurality of such coils may be provided in accordance with the control characteristics of the electromagnetic operating device 100. Further, the third coil may be provided at a position where the second coil 4 is provided to realize the function of the first coil.

As shown in fig. 1, the second yoke 5 is attached in a second direction orthogonal to the first direction, and the magnetic flux path of the second magnetic path by the permanent magnet 6 is the second yoke 5 → the side yoke 1c → the upper yoke 1a or the lower yoke 1b → the mover 2 → the permanent magnet 6 → the second yoke 5.

That is, the second yoke 5 of embodiment 1 of the present invention has a function of serving as a magnetic path through which the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 6 passes, and does not have a function of serving as a first magnetic path through which the magnetic flux generated by the first or second coil passes, including all embodiments 2 to 6 described later. That is, as shown in fig. 1 or fig. 9 and 10 described later, the permanent magnet is provided on a second magnetic path composed of a first yoke, a second yoke, and a mover excluding the first magnetic path. Therefore, the second yoke 5 is made of a solid steel plate, but this structure is not necessarily required, and an electromagnetic thin steel plate or a laminated structure of thin steel plates may be used as shown in fig. 1(b) in consideration of a manufacturing method, cost, and the like. The first yoke 1 and the mover 2 are laminated of electromagnetic thin steel plates, but may be laminated of thin steel plates. The second yoke 5 is a pair of yokes, but is not necessarily a pair, and may be provided on one side of the first yoke 1.

The structure of the mover 2 is described below. As shown in fig. 4, both end surfaces 2b of the mover 2 in the first direction, that is, end surfaces that contact the first portion 8 or the second portion 9 of the first yoke 1, are trapezoidal. In other words, the cross-sectional area of the end face 2b through which the magnetic flux passes is smaller than the cross-sectional area of the general portion 2a (an arbitrary cross-section of the mover 2 parallel to the end face 2 b) other than the end face 2b through which the magnetic flux passes. With such a configuration, the magnetic attraction force generated by the coil can be optimized between the mover 2 and the first or second portion 8, 9 of the yoke 1, and the control characteristics of the electromagnetic operation device 100 can be improved. Note that, in fig. 4, both end faces 2b are shown as trapezoidal, but the present invention is not limited to this, and may be concave, convex, or the like, and if the end face 2b of the mover 2 has a smaller magnetic flux than the general portion 2a, the magnetic flux may be small.

As shown in fig. 4, the end plates 10 made of steel plate are provided at both ends, but may be provided at 3 of both ends and the center portion.

Next, another embodiment of the mover 2 will be described.

As shown in fig. 5(a), the end plate 10a is provided with an opening 10b in which a part thereof is cut out. It is to be noted that the details of the electromagnetically operated device 100 of fig. 5 are explained by embodiment 2. The reason why the opening 10b is provided is that when the mover 2c is held at the second portion 9 (in the off state), the holding force is small as described above, and therefore, when the mover 2c is held at the second portion 9, the gap between the permanent magnet 6 and the mover 2c is increased, the magnetic flux from the permanent magnet 6 to the mover 2c is reduced, and the control characteristics of the electromagnetic operation device 100 are improved. Therefore, when the mover 2c is positioned at the second portion 9, the opening 10b has a size corresponding to the size of the permanent magnet 6 or a size corresponding thereto at a position facing the permanent magnet 6.

The structural details of the mover 2c are described below with reference to fig. 6.

Fig. 6(a) is a sectional side view of the mover 2c, and fig. 6(b) is a section a-a of fig. 6 (a). Fig. 6(c) is a diagram showing a state of overlapping with a concave portion 2e provided in a laminated plate 2d described later.

The mover 2c includes a rectangular parallelepiped movable core 16 screwed and fixed to the movable shaft 209, a laminated portion 2f in which a laminated plate 2d made of an ㄈ -type thin plate fixed to the movable core 16 is laminated, and an end plate 10a to which the laminated portion 2f is fastened. The laminated plate 2d is provided with the recesses 2e, and when laminated, the recesses 2e are overlapped with each other, so that not only is the lamination dimensional accuracy ensured, but also sliding is prevented against a mechanical external force acting on the laminated plate 2 d.

The end plate 10a is provided with an end plate end face 10c at a position of the laminated portion 2f apart from the end face 2 g. By providing the end plate end face 10c, the profit of the end portion generated in the laminated plate 2d can be mitigated.

The operation of the electromagnetic operation device 100 is different from that of the device shown in the related art, and will be described again with reference to fig. 8(a) to 8 (c).

(1) In fig. 8(a), the contact 210 of the switch 200 is in a closed state, the mover 2 is held at the first portion 8 of the first yoke 1, and the first and second coils 3 and 4 are not excited. In this state, the permanent magnet 6 forms two magnetic paths L₁And L₂Generate respective magnetic fluxes *_PM1And *_PM2. In the magnetic circuit L₂In (A), since there is a gap G1 as shown in FIG. 3(a), *_PM1Line ratio of *_PM2Low magnetic resistance of *_PM1＞＞*_PM2An attractive force is generated between the mover 2 and the yoke 1. The attraction force is expressed by an expression of the past example.

(2) If the second coil 4 is excited so as to become the same polarity as the permanent magnet 6, a magnetic flux * is generated as shown in fig. 8(b)_coil2-1And *_coil2-2. Magnetic flux * generated by the synthetic permanent magnet 6_PM1And *_PM2If *_PM2+*_coil2-1＞*_PM1-*_coil2-2A force is generated to pull the mover 2 in the direction of the second portion 9 of the yoke 1.

(3) * if the mover 2 is separated from the first portion 8 of the upper yoke 1_PM2+*_coil2-1＞＞*_PM1-*_coil2-2Therefore, as shown in fig. 8(c), the mover 2 moves by a predetermined stroke to reach the second portion 9 of the yoke 1.

(4) Here, if the excitation of the second coil 4 is stopped, the mover 2 is held at the second portion 9 of the yoke 1 as shown in fig. 8 (c).

(5) Next, when the mover 2 is driven from the state of fig. 8(c) to the state of fig. 8(a), the first coil 3 is excited, and the mover 2 is moved by a predetermined stroke according to the same principle as described above.

As described above, the mover 2 moves in the yoke 1, and the contact 210 of the switch 200 connected to the mover 2 is opened and closed, thereby interrupting and inputting the current of the power transmission and distribution system.

Note that, here, the first gap G1 and the second gap G2 of the present embodiment 1 are described.

The first gap G1 shown in fig. 3 is a gap between the mover 2 and the first portion 8 of the upper yoke 1a, and the second gap G2 is a gap between the mover 2 and the second portion of the lower yoke 1 b. As shown in fig. 3(a) and (b), the gap G2-t is a gap between the spacer 13 made of a nonmagnetic material such as alumina, SUS, or copper and the mover 2, which is provided in the lower yoke 1 b.

The first gap G1 and the second gap G2 are collectively referred to herein as a magnetic gap, and the gap G2-t is referred to herein as a mechanical gap. The magnetic gaps G1 and G2 have different values, G1 < G2, and G2 ═ G1+ t. The stroke of the mover 2 is G2-t and G1.

It is to be noted that, as shown in fig. 5 described later, when the magnetic flux can be leaked from outside the contact surface of the mover to reduce the opening holding force, or the thickness W of the upper yoke 1a₁Thickness W of lower yoke 1b₂When the disconnection holding force can be reduced, G1 ═ G2 may be used.

Thus, the reason why the first gap G1 ≠ the second gap G2 is adopted is: the holding force of the mover 2 can be significantly reduced when the switch device 500 is in the open state as compared with the closed state, and the holding force of the mover 2 is different when the contact 200 is held closed, that is, when the mover 2 is held at the first portion 8 (upper) (closed state), and when the contact 200 is held open, that is, when the mover 2 is held at the second portion 9 (lower) (open state). In the open state, the mover 2 does not have to move unpreparedly toward the closed state due to an earthquake or the like, so that the holding force can be greatly reduced from that in the closed state.

Therefore, by setting the gap G1 or G2 corresponding to the switching state of the electromagnetic operation device 100 with respect to the holding force of the mover 2 based on the magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet 6, the holding force can be optimized, and the control characteristics of the electromagnetic operation device 100 can be improved.

Note that, in this example, G2 > G1, but the present example is not limited thereto, and the nonmagnetic spacer 13 may be provided on the upper yoke 1a in accordance with the positional relationship between the switch 200 and the electromagnetic operating device 100.

Note that, as shown in fig. 5 described later, when the open holding force can be reduced by leaking the magnetic flux from outside the contact surface of the mover 2, or when the open holding force can be reduced by making G1 > G2, W may be used₁＝W₂。

(example 2)

Next, an electromagnetically operated device 100 according to embodiment 2 will be described with reference to fig. 5 and 7.

Fig. 5(a) is a front view of the electromagnetic operation device 100, and fig. 5(b) is a side view. Note that, in fig. 5(a), the recording of the second yoke 5 is partially omitted.

In fig. 5(a), 1a is an upper yoke of a first yoke, 1b is a lower yoke, 2c is a mover, 3a is a first coil, 4a is a second coil, 10a is an end plate of the mover 2c, 10b is an opening provided in the end plate 10a, 12 is a spring provided between the upper yoke 1a and the mover 2c, 15 is an adjusting bolt provided in the second yoke 5, and W is₁Is the thickness of the upper yoke 1a in the first direction, W₂Is the thickness of the lower yoke in the first direction.

As described above, the holding force required for the open state of the contact 210 of the switch 200 is significantly reduced compared to the closed state. Therefore, when the mover 2c is positioned at the second portion 9 of the lower yoke 1b, the magnetic flux density of the yoke 1b is smaller than that when it is positioned at the first portion 8 of the upper yoke 1 a. I.e., the thickness W of the lower yoke 1b of the first yoke 1 in the first direction₂May be larger than the thickness W of the upper yoke 1a₁Is small.

In this way, by reducing the thickness of the lower yoke 1b, the holding force can be adjusted, and the weight of the electromagnetic operating device 100 can be reduced.

Further, when the mover 2c moves from the first portion 8 to the second portion 9, the spring 12 provided between the upper yoke 1a and the mover 2c assists the movement, so that the magnetomotive force (AT) of the second coil 4a can be smaller than that of the first coil 3a, and therefore the cross-sectional area of the second coil 4a can be made small, and the electromagnetic operation device 100 can be made small in size, light in weight, and small in capacity of the power supply.

As shown in fig. 7(a), the holding force can be adjusted by providing the concave portions 1d at the first and second portions 8 and 9 of the upper yoke 1a and the lower yoke 1b and adjusting the areas of the mover 2c that face the upper and lower yokes 1a and 1b in contact therewith. As shown in fig. 7(b), even if the convex portion 1e is provided, the holding force can be adjusted similarly.

As shown in fig. 5(b), an adjusting bolt 15 is provided on the second yoke 5, and a gap is generated between the first yoke 1 and the second yoke 5 by operating the adjusting bolt 15. That is, the gap between the permanent magnet 6 provided in the second yoke 5 and the mover 2c can be increased. In this way, a steel sheet such as a steel sheet or an electromagnetic steel sheet, not shown, can be inserted into the gap formed between the first yoke 1 and the second yoke 5.

With this configuration, the gap between the permanent magnet 6 and the mover 2c can be changed, and the holding force can be adjusted.

(example 3)

Although examples 1 and 2 show the second yoke 5 having a rectangular shape, example 3 shows the second yoke 5a having an E-shape as shown in fig. 9. The permanent magnet 6a is provided in the center convex portion of the E-shape, and faces the mover 2 through the gap g when attached to the side yoke 1 c.

The 1 pair of yokes 5a are attached to the side yokes 1c by bolts or fastening members, not shown. Note that the second yoke 5a may be of a laminated structure of a solid steel plate or an electromagnetic thin steel plate.

The permanent magnet 6a may be disposed on the second yoke 5a in a positional relationship as shown in fig. 10(a), or the permanent magnet 6a may be disposed on the end surface of the first yoke 1, not shown, which is in contact with the both-end convex portions of the second yoke 5a, or on the root portions of the both-end convex portions as shown in fig. 10(b), or on the root portion of the central convex portion as shown in fig. 10 (c). As shown in fig. 10(d) and (f), the above-described synthesis or the arrangement shown in fig. 10(e) described later may be employed. That is, the end faces of the members constituting the magnetic path of the second yoke 5a, the middle of the magnetic path, and the members constituting the second yoke 5a may be disposed so as to be sandwiched therebetween.

That is, the first magnetic path formed by the first yoke 1 and the mover 2 by exciting the first and second coils 3 and 4 may be eliminated, and the permanent magnet 6a may be provided in the second magnetic path formed by the first yoke 1, the second yoke 5, and the mover 2.

(example 4)

In embodiments 1 to 3, the electromagnetic operating device 100 having the configuration in which the second yokes 5 and 5a are arranged in the second direction is shown, but in embodiment 3, as shown in fig. 11 and 12, the E-shaped second yoke 5b is arranged in the first direction, and is attached to the upper yoke 1a or the lower yoke 1b by bolts or fastening members, not shown.

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram showing main constituent parts, and fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the electromagnetic operating device 100 after mounting. The permanent magnet 6b is provided in the central convex portion of the E-shape of the E-shaped second yoke 5b, and faces the mover 2 with the gap g therebetween when attached to the yoke 1, but may be arranged in the above-described arrangements (a) to (d) and (f) of fig. 10. Note that the second yoke 5b of embodiment 4 may be any one of a laminated structure of a solid steel plate and an electromagnetic thin steel plate. The second yokes 5b are a pair, but the pair is not necessarily a pair, and may be provided on one side of the first yoke 1.

(example 5)

Embodiment 5 shows a structure in which the second yoke 5C is C-shaped and is arranged in the first direction, as shown in the schematic view of fig. 13.

As shown in fig. 13, the yoke 5C is disposed so as to sandwich the first coil 3 in the C-shaped concave portion, and the convex portion of the upper portion of the yoke 5C is attached to the upper yoke 1a by a bolt or a fastening member, which is not shown. The permanent magnet 6c is provided on the other convex portion (in fig. 13, the convex portion at the lower portion) and faces the mover 2, but the arrangement shown in fig. 10(e) may be used.

The second yoke 5c may have a laminated structure of a solid steel plate or an electromagnetic thin steel plate, as described above. Although fig. 13 shows an example in which the second yoke 5c is attached to the upper yoke 1a, it may be attached to the lower yoke 1 b. The second yoke 5c is a pair of yokes, but it is not necessarily a pair, and may be provided on one side of the first yoke 1.

(example 6)

In embodiment 6, as shown in the schematic diagram of fig. 14, the number of the excitation coils is 1, the coil 3a is provided in the yoke 1, and as shown in fig. 15, the electromagnetic operating device 100 is configured such that the spring 12 is provided between the first portion 8 of the upper yoke 1a and the mover 2.

Next, the operation of the electromagnetic operation device 100 having this configuration will be described with reference to fig. 16. Fig. 15 corresponds to fig. 16(c), which shows the contact 210 in the open state. In this state, the magnetic flux * of the permanent magnet 6c shown in FIG. 16 is generated_PM2The mover 2 is held at the second portion 9. When the contact 210 is closed, the coil 3a is excited in reverse, and a magnetic path in the opposite direction to that shown in fig. 16(b) is formed. Accordingly, the magnetic flux * of the coil 3a_coil1-2Flux * of permanent magnet_PM2The resulting magnetic attraction force is reduced and the mover 2 is driven from the second location 9 to the first location 8 with a given stroke. When the mover 2 is moved from the contact 210 closed state shown in fig. 16(a) to the open state shown in fig. 16(c), the coil 3a is excited to *_coil1-1And (4) generating. The *_coil1-1May cancel out the magnetic flux * passing through the permanent magnet 6c_PM1The first portion 8 of the upper yoke 1a holds magnetic flux of a degree of attraction of the mover 2. If the attractive force is cancelled, the mover 2 moves toward the second portion of the lower yoke 1b due to the spring 12 provided between the mover 2 and the upper yoke 1aBit 9 is shifted.

With such a configuration, the magnetomotive force of the coil 3a can be reduced, and the coil power supply is also reduced in addition to the compact electromagnetic operation device 100.

The second yoke 5c is attached to the upper yoke 1a, but is not limited to this example and may be attached to the lower yoke 1b, and the spring 12 may be provided between the lower yoke 1b and the mover 2 because of the balance with the springs of the auxiliary springs 300 and 301 of the switching device 500 shown in the related art in fig. 19. In addition, the spring 12 is not limited to the upper yoke 1a and the lower yoke 1b, and may be provided outside the first yoke 1, if it is a driving structure for driving the mover 3 in the first direction. Further, although the spring 12 is provided, the spring is not limited to the spring 12, and may be a mechanism using hydraulic pressure or air pressure, or another elastic body such as rubber. The second yoke 5C is C-shaped and attached to the first direction, but is not limited thereto, and may be rectangular or E-shaped and attached to the second direction.

In addition, although an example in which one coil 3a is provided is shown, the coil may be a plurality of coils, and as shown in embodiment 1, a first coil and a second coil may be provided.

Further, although the example in which the solenoid-operated device 100 is used for opening and closing the switch 200 of the circuit opening and closing device 500 is shown, the present invention is not limited to this, and can be applied to a device that reciprocates, such as opening and closing a valve in a gas and liquid transfer line, opening and closing a door, and the like. In this case, the springs 300 and 301 shown in fig. 19 in the conventional example are not necessary, and the switch device 500 can be downsized.

In summary, the structure of the present invention is: the first yoke shares a mover driving magnetic path by coil excitation, and the permanent magnet provided on the second yoke shares a mover holding magnetic path. The present invention has an effect of providing an electromagnetically operated device with improved response characteristics.

Claims (17)

1. An electromagnetically operated device, comprising:

a first yoke comprising an assembly of laminated metal sheets;

a second yoke attached to a surface perpendicular to a stacking direction of the thin metal plates of the first yoke;

a permanent magnet attached to the second yoke;

a mover located in the first yoke and reciprocally movable in a first direction in a stroke between a first location and a second location on the first yoke; and

at least one coil of the plurality of coils,

wherein magnetic flux generated by the at least one coil passes through a first magnetic circuit including the mover and the first yoke, thereby moving the mover toward one of the first and second locations, and,

a magnetic flux generated by the permanent magnet passes through a second magnetic circuit including the permanent magnet, the first yoke, the second yoke, and the mover, thereby holding the mover at one of the first and second portions.

2. The electromagnetic operating device according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the permanent magnet is located between the first yoke and the second yoke or at an end surface of the second yoke opposite to the mover.

3. The electromagnetic operating device according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising:

a second magnetic gap between the second portion and an end surface of the mover opposite to the second portion when the mover is held at the first portion; and

a first magnetic gap different from the second magnetic gap between the first portion and an end surface of the mover opposed to the first portion when the mover is held at the second portion.

4. The electromagnetic operating device according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the second yoke is oriented in the first direction.

5. The electromagnetic operating device according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the second yoke is oriented in a second direction perpendicular to the first direction.

6. The electromagnetic operating device according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the second yoke comprises an assembly of laminated metal sheets.

7. The electromagnetic operating device according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the second portion of the first yoke has a cross-sectional area that is less than a cross-sectional area of the first portion of the first yoke.

8. The electromagnetic operating device according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the first yoke has a stepped surface that forms a partial gap between the first yoke and the mover when the mover is held at any one of the first and second locations.

9. The electromagnetic operating device according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising:

and an adjusting bolt provided on the second yoke, wherein the permanent magnet is attached to the second yoke, and a gap between the mover and the permanent magnet is variable by operating the adjusting bolt, so that a thin metal plate may be inserted between the second yoke and the first yoke.

10. The electromagnetic operating device according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the at least one coil includes a plurality of coils.

11. The electromagnetic operating device according to claim 1, characterized in that:

an area of a cross section perpendicular to the first direction through which the magnetic flux passes at an end of the mover is smaller than other portions of the mover.

12. The electromagnetic operating device according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the mover includes an assembly of stacked metal sheets.

13. The electromagnetic operating device according to claim 12, characterized in that:

the laminated metal sheets of the mover are fastened together at both ends of the assembly of laminated metal sheets of the mover by means of strong end plates.

14. The electromagnetic operating device according to claim 13, characterized in that:

the outer surface of each of the end plates is located in an end face of an assembly of stacked metal sheets of the mover.

15. The electromagnetic operating device according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the permanent magnet is located between elements of the second yoke.

16. The electromagnetic operating device according to claim 1, characterized by further comprising:

and a driving mechanism for moving the mover in a first direction.

17. The electromagnetic operating device according to claim 1, characterized in that:

the permanent magnet is located in the second magnetic circuit different from the first magnetic circuit.