HK1182836B - Power distribution system - Google Patents

Description

Field of the Patent Application

The present invention relates to a distribution system.

Background

Power distribution unit (PDU) is a power supply distribution electrical interface product solely for use in cabinets that is designed for providing power distribution to electrical equipments for use in various information networking systems such as mainframe computers, controllers, servers, routers etc. PDU is widely used in the monitoring of computer rooms in various industries and is used in researches by most of the system integrators and automation companies. PDU is a power distributing equipment for the networking cabinets that provides high cost-performance ratio, stability and reliability. A PDU provides suitable rack mounted power distribution solutions according to different power demands.

Document US 2007/276548 A1 discloses a power distribution unit having a plurality of outlets controlled by a processor. Document US 7 522 036 B1 discloses a plurality of power distribution units connected to each other in a daisy-chain. A common interface is provided, which comprises a series of Web pages for displaying power consumption characteristics and environmental characteristics comprising temperature and humidity values. A corresponding power distribution system having a central display device is disclosed in US 2009/234512 A1 . Document US 2007/184721 A1 discloses a power distribution module having a display.

As computer networking technology develops, and the demand of critical electrical equipments such as the server, exchanger, etc.. increases. The relevant businesses become ever more important as well as the requirements of the installation environment of the equipments (such as computer rooms, cabinets etc). All the facilities that involve in the critical equipment operations must be highly reliable and usable. Through the use of PDU, the level of safety regarding the power sources of network products can be raised, and the demand of power input of critical equipments can be satisfied. PDU serves as the last juncture for power to be utilized by the equipments. If the PDU is not sufficiently stable and lacks sufficient protection, expensive equipments may be damaged and a collapse of the whole system may be resulted. Therefore, the safety and stability level of PDU is one of the sound guarantees for the economic value of equipments and business system. Performing effective monitoring and controlling of the PDU is an indispensable necessity.

Summary

There is provided a power distribution system having the features according to claim 1. Preferred embodiments are defined in dependent claims.

In an embodiment of the power distribution system, the sensor module comprises an alarm instruction unit, for sending out alarming instruction when the environmental parameters have been detected as having reached a pre-set alarming value.

In another embodiment of the power distribution system, it further comprises a power adaptor for providing DC power supply to other modules.

In one embodiment, a detachable communication device is coupled with the power distribution unit through a connection cable for use with hot-plugging connection and comprises an encryption dongle for achieving software and/or hardware protection; and a wired network port for communicating with a network computer via wire, and/or a wireless network port for communicating wirelessly with the network computer.

In an embodiment of the detachable communication device, a plurality of said detachable communication devices share one network computer, wherein said network computer is capable of managing more than 65536 said detachable devices.

In another embodiment the power distribution unit further comprises an internal management module that connects to the master management module for managing the power parameter of the power distribution unit, wherein the internal management module is monitored and controlled by the master management module.

In another embodiment the internal management module comprises at least one of a power input management module,, a power phase management module and a power supply management module; wherein the master management module is connected to the power input management module, power phase management module and the power supply management module, respectively, for managing the power input through the power input management module, the power phase through the power phase management module and the power supply through the power supply management module.

In another embodiment the sensor module comprises at least one of door open/close state sensor, smoke sensor, vibration sensor, flood sensor, and sensor that detect the contact state with other equipments.

In another embodiment the sensor module further comprises an alarm instruction unit for sending out alarming instruction when the environmental parameter has been detected as having reached a pre-set alarming value.

In another embodiment the master management module comprises at least one environmental sensing connection port for sensing the surrounding environment parameters, wherein the said sensing connection port connects to a set of sensors.

In another embodiment the power distribution unit further comprises a power adaptor for providing DC power supply to other modules.

In another embodiment the number of cascades exceeds 255.

In another embodiment the detachable communication device further comprises an encryption dongle for achieving software and/or hardware protection.

In another embodiment the detachable communication device further comprises a wired network port for communicating with a network computer via wire, and/or a wireless network port for communicating wirelessly with the network computer.

In another embodiment the wired network port is a RJ45 interface.

In another embodiment a plurality of detachable communication devices share one network computer, wherein said network computer is capable of managing more than 65536 said detachable devices.

The power distribution unit of the present application can effectively manage the power output status of the power distribution unit by using the master management module. The master management module also provides an incoming and an outgoing port that connect to the external device for conveniently communicating with, for example, the communication device and for cascading with other master management modules. This way, the power distribution unit not only can effectively monitor and control the power parameters and also can conveniently perform intelligent remote monitoring of the power distribution unit.

Brief Description of the Drawings

• Figure 1 shows a perspective view of a power distribution unit of a system according to one embodiment of the present application;
• Figure 2 shows a block diagram of the system;
• Figure 3 shows a status view of the power distribution unit and the communication device before assembled;
• Figure 4 shows a status view of the power distribution unit and the communication device after assembled.

Detailed Description

The power distribution unit of a system according to one embodiment of the present application, in general term, includes a housing of the power distribution unit, a power input component inside the housing, a set of power output components on the housing. At least one of the power output components can connect to one or multiple external loads.

The power distribution unit also includes a power management module. The power management module is a field replaceable module, which can be used to monitor the power output status or control the switching state of the power output, such as on, off and power-cycling. The power management module can also connect to one or multiple sensors used for detecting the surrounding environment for the purpose of monitoring and controlling the surrounding environment of the power distribution unit.

The power distribution unit cascades through the power management module to interconnect with multiple power distribution units. The power management module provides power for data interface at the same time provides power to the connected external device and performs data communication. For each of the power management module of the power distribution units that cascades, only one power management module needs to be directly connected to the external device for the purpose of transmitting the data of other power management modules to the power management module that is directly connected to the external device so that the data can be sent to that external device. This external device may include a network interface for coupling to the exterior network. During network transmission, standard network protocols, such as the TCP/IP Protocol and Simple Network Management Protocol, may be used.

As illustrated in Figure 1, a power distribution unit of the system according to one embodiment of the present application includes a power distribution unit housing 100 and a power input cord 201. The power input cord 201 includes a power socket 202 which can receive AC/DC power.

The power distribution unit is provided with a socket management module 211. The socket management module 211 manages one or more power sockets that are used to connect to the load and are located on the power distribution unit housing 100. The power related information of each power socket can be calculated and recorded.

The power distribution unit is provided with a master management module 331 (equivalent to power management module), being the core management module in the power distribution unit. The master management module 331 can perform all-round management of the power distribution unit, i.e., to manage the power parameters within the power distribution unit. An internal management module can be provided to manage the power parameter inside the power distribution unit and the master management module 331 can manage the internal management module. Figure 1 illustrates the internal management module which includes the power input management module 334, the power phase management module 333, the power supply management module 332. Clarification should be made in that, the types and numbers of the internal management modules in the drawing are merely non-limiting examples and do not impose any limitation on the types and number of modules used. Power input management module 334, power phase management module 333 and power supply management module 332 can all be provided as one or many types of internal management modules and it is not limited to the above-mentioned.

The master management module 331 monitors the status and use of the power and also controls power output. For non-limiting example, the management of the parameters of the power input of the power distribution unit, the power phase, the cycle, the voltage and current of each of the power supply in the power distribution unit, which includes calculation, monitoring and control etc. can be performed through the power input management module 334, the power phase management module 333, the power supply management module 332 and the master management module 331.

Furthermore, the master management module 331 also connects to one or more socket management modules 211 and manages of each of the socket management modules 211. For non-limiting example, a control relay can be used to independently control and switch between the on and off states of each socket for the purpose to control each socket to provide or deter the supply of power to the electric load which is connected to the socket respectively. All the power sockets can be turned on through buttons.

The master management module 331 may also include an LCD monitor, for monitoring and displaying various required information such as the condition of usage of energy of each socket.

As illustrated in Figure 1, the power distribution unit is also provided with a sensor module 311. The sensor module 311 includes one or more interfaces for providing power and communicates with the external sensors of various types. These sensors detect various kinds of parameters in the surrounding environment, including immediate temperature or humidity values, by using a temperature sensor or humidity sensor, respectively. Further sensors may be used, such as a door open/close state sensor, smoke sensor, vibration sensor, air flow sensor, dew point sensor, flood sensor and one or more types of sensors that detect the contact state with other equipments, detect the surrounding parameters in relation to temperature, humidity, vibration, smoke, flood, open/close state of doors of rack/cabinet that the power distribution unit is placed, the status of contact between the power distribution unit and other equipments respectively.

The sensor module 311 records the status of each sensor. By using the temperature or humidity sensors the temperature or humidity level of the surrounding area of the power distribution unit can be detected. The detected temperature value or humidity value is recorded by the sensor module 311. The sensor module 311 also includes an alarming instruction unit wherein an alarming value as pre-set by the user is stored. When the detected temperature or humidity degree has exceeded the pre-set alarming value, an alarming instruction will be sent out. The sensor module 311 can be managed by the master management module 331. The master management module 331 connects to the sensor module 311 and obtains the immediate temperature or humidity values that are gathered by the sensor module 311 which can be immediately displayed on the LCD monitor.

Furthermore, at least one environmental sensing connection port can be provided on the master management module. The environmental sensing connection port can be connected to one set of sensors that senses the parameters of the surrounding environment, such as the temperature sensor and the humidity sensor. The power distribution unit is also provided with a power adaptor 351. The power adaptor 351 process the external adapted current by AC-DC/DC-DC conversion for providing suitable DC power source for each module within the power distribution unit housing 100. These modules include master management module 331, socket management module 211, power input management module 334, power phase management module 333, power supply module 332 and sensor module 311, etc.

In Figure 2, the solid lines represent wired connection achieved by using cables such as the CAT-5 or CAT-6 cables, etc.; the dash lines represent wireless connection; the dot-and-dash lines represent connection lines.

As illustrated in Figure 2, the master management module 331 includes a incoming port 431. Through a connection line, the incoming port 431 of the master management module 331 can be detachably connected to a communication device 361 such that data communication can be carried out with this detachable communication device 361 and DC power can be provided thereto. Along the connection, encryption dongle can be set up to achieve software or hardware protection. Connection lines can be provided with the detachable communication device 361 and can be hot-plugged into the incoming port 431 of the master management module 331 or unplugged from the incoming port 431 (during hot plugging, interrupting and restarting of electricity are not required).

The master management module 331 also includes an outgoing port 432. The outgoing port 432 of a master management module 331 connects to an incoming port 431 of another master management module 331. Based on this form of connection, multiple master management modules 331 can be connected together and form a cascading chain (daisy-chain). By serial or controller area network BUS (CAN-BUS) technology, the number of master management modules chained together can exceed 255.

The master management module chain merely requires the connection between one of the master management modules 331 and the previously mentioned detachable communication device 361 (through the incoming port 431 of this master management module 331). This master management module 331 is known as the core master management module 331. Emphasis should be made that this terminology is merely for descriptive convenience for illustrating the direct connection method between the core master management module and the detachable communication device 361. This aims to distinguish the indirect connection method formed by the connection of other master management modules 331 with the detachable communication device 361 connected through the core master management module 331. However, this does not imply that the core master management module is not functionally different from the other master management modules.

The above master management module chain merely requires a direct connection between the communication device 361 and the incoming port 431 of the core master management module 331 so that only one IP address is required. By utilizing the connection between the communication device 361 and the computer, intelligent remote monitoring and controlling of the master management modules 331 can be achieved.

Each master management module 331 is able to collect information of all modules which it manages respectively, including the data and/or status of the sensor module 311, socket management module 211, etc. For the core master management module 331, besides the data and/or status of all the modules which it manages, the data of other master management modules 331are also transmitted to this core master management modules 331.

The data transmitted by the core master management module 331 can be forwarded to its connected detachable communication device 361. The detachable communication device 361 includes wireless port 461 (wireless communication port) and/or LAN port 462 (wire communication port), which couples the data transmitted by the core master management module 331 to the wired or wireless network and forward the same to the network management PC at the other end of the network (a computer installed with management software). When wired connection is established with the network management PC, the wired communication port can be, for non-limiting example, an RJ45 interface. When a wireless connection is established with the network management PC, data can be transmitted to the network management PC through the antenna of the wireless transmitter. Transmission of data may utilize standard network protocols such as the TCP/IP protocol, SNMP protocol, etc. The detachable communication device 361 can be set up with an encryption dongle to achieve software and hardware protection.

The network management PC manages one or more detachable communication device 361 that is connected through wired or wireless network. The number of manageable detachable communication devices 361 can exceed 65536. That is, the network management PC can achieve monitoring and controlling of over 16711680 (255^∗65536) master management modules 331.

As illustrated in Figure 3, the detachable communication device 361 may be directly placed on and interlocked with the platform 101 of the power distribution unit housing 100. The coupling with other installation components is not necessary. The platform 101 includes an edge suitable for interlocking with the detachable communication device 361. Before the detachable communication device 361 and the power distribution unit are coupled and installed, the detachable communication device 361 and the power distribution unit are in separated status, which means that the detachable communication device 361 can be detached from the power distribution unit. The statuses of the detachable communication device 361 and the power distribution unit after coupled and installed are illustrated in Figure 4.

The present application realizes intelligent remote monitoring and controlling of one or more types of internal parameters, i.e., power input, output, phase, cycle etc., of the power distribution unit and the surrounding environmental parameters of the power distribution unit. The power distribution unit can achieve cascading exceeding 255. The above illustrated cascading chain of the power distribution unit uses merely a detachable communication device and an IP address. By the above means, relatively less power and fewer network equipments are required, including hubs, routers and cables, etc. As a result, remote monitoring and controlling of the power distribution unit can be effectively achieved.

Claims (12)

1. A power distribution system comprising:

   a plurality of power distribution units each having a field replaceable master management module (331); and

   each of the power distribution units further having at least one set of socket management modules (211) configured to manage a power output,

   wherein the master management module (331) connects to each of the corresponding socket

   management modules (211) for monitoring a power output state of each of the

   socket management modules (211), and for controlling a switching state of the

   power output of each of the socket management modules (211); wherein the master

   management module (331) of each of the power distribution units further comprises an incoming port (431) for connecting

   to an external device or cascading a first other power distribution unit and an outgoing port (432) for cascading a second other power distribution unit;

   each power distribution unit further comprising a sensor module (311) that connects

   to the master management module (331) of the corresponding power distribution unit for obtaining surrounding environmental

   parameters of the power distribution unit including temperature or

   humidity values;

   wherein the plurality of power distribution units is cascaded by serial and /or controller area network BUS, CAN-BUS, the cascading of the plurality of power

   distribution units through individual master management modules (331) being in the

   form of a daisy-chain; wherein only one master management module (331) is directly

   connected to said external device; and the system is configured such that data of other master management modules are

   transmitted to the master management module (331) that is directly connected to said external device so that the data is sent to said external device; and

   wherein each of the master management modules (331) includes a LCD monitor for displaying the temperature or humidity values gathered by said sensor module (311).
2. The power distribution system according to claim 1, each power distribution unit further comprising an internal management module that connects to the master management module (331), wherein the internal management module comprising at least one of a power input management modules (334), a power phase management modules (333) and a power supply management modules (332); wherein the master management module (331) is connected to the power input management module (334), power phase management module (333) and the power supply management module (332), respectively, for managing the power input through the power input management module (334), the power phase through the power phase management module (333) and the power supply through the power supply management module (332).
3. The power distribution system according to claim 1, wherein the sensor module (311) further comprises a door open/close state sensor, smoke sensor, vibration sensor, air flow sensor, dew point sensor, flood sensor, and sensor that detects the contact state with other equipments.
4. The power distribution system according to claim 1, wherein the sensor module (311) comprises an alarm instruction unit, for sending out alarming instruction when the environmental parameter has been detected as having reached a pre-set alarming value.
5. The power distribution system according to claim 1, wherein the master management module (331) comprises at least one environmental sensing connection port for sensing the surrounding environment parameters, wherein the sensing connection port connects to a set of sensors.
6. The power distribution system according to claim 1, each power distribution unit further comprising a power adaptor (351) for providing DC power supply to other modules.
7. The power distribution system according to claim 1, wherein the number of cascades exceeds 255.
8. The power distribution system according to claim 1, wherein said external device is a detachable communication device (361) comprising a connection cable for use with hot-plugging connection with the power distribution unit.
9. The power distribution system according to claim 1, wherein said external device is a detachable communication device (361) comprising an encryption dongle for achieving software and/or hardware protection.
10. The power distribution system according to claim 1, wherein said external device is a detachable communication device (361) comprising a wired network port (462) for communicating with a network computer via wire, and/or a wireless network port (461) for communicating wirelessly with the network computer.
11. The power distribution system according to claim 10, wherein the wired network port (462) is a RJ45 interface.
12. The power distribution system according to claim 10, wherein a plurality of detachable communication devices (361) share one network computer, and the network computer is capable of managing more than 65536 detachable devices.