HU226222B1 - Articulator and occlusion structure for removable dentures - Google Patents

Abstract

Articulator and occluder device for making removable dentures, which device consists of a fixed part consisting of a bottom plate (40), two rear frames (16) and one or two connectors (9) and a movable part connected to it by a shaft (12), a lower table (20) is connected to the fixed part of the device, while an upper table (7) is connected to the movable part, a ball-joint adjustable device is connected to the upper table (7), the lower and upper plaster models (34) are fixed to the tables (7, 20) by pin fasteners (10) with clamping screws (15), the downward movement of the device is limited in front by a support rod (32) defining a central occlusal plane, which is adjustable and has an adjustable and fixable occlusal pin, the device is characterized in that the upper table (7), together with the ball-joint fastening, is fixed so that it can slide in the vertical and horizontal directions to the moving part of the structure; the lower table (20) is attached to the lower plate (40) of the structure by a lower ball-and-socket mechanism (23); a "U"-shaped clamping arm (18) is attached to the lower table (20) by means of a screw (36) in an adjustable manner, which fixes the lower plaster model (34); a removable occlusion plate (33) is supported on a bite template (44) placed on the lower plaster model (34) and replacing the original teeth, which helps to position the teeth according to the rules.

Description

An articulator and occluder structure for making removable dentures consisting of a fixed part consisting of a lower plate (40), two rear frames (16) and one or two links (9) and a movable part connected to the shaft (12) a fixed table (20) is connected to its fixed part, an upper table (7) is connected to the movable part, a ball joint adjustable structure is connected to the upper table (7), the lower and upper plaster samples (34) are connected to the table (7, 20) 15) fixed by pin clamps (10), the structure is fixed to 226 222 Β1

3 2 27 42 11 15

23 20 27

Figure 1

The length of the description is 12 pages (including 6 pages)

The forward movement towards the front is limited by an adjustable fastening bar (32) defining a central occlusal plane, which has an adjustable and lockable occlusion needle, the structure being characterized by the upper table (7), together with the ball joint, it is fixed to the moving part of the structure in a sliding manner in a vertical and horizontal direction; the lower table (20) being secured to the lower panel (40) of the structure by a lower ball joint (23); the lower table hanger (20) being secured by means of a screw (36), adjustably, by a "U-shaped clamping arm (18) which secures the lower plaster cast (34); a removable occlusion sheet (33) is provided on the lower plaster sample (34) to replace the original teeth, replacing the original teeth (44).

The articulator and occluder structure of the present invention is a device for the removal of dentures (dentures) that can be used by dentists and dental technicians alike, is movable in all directions, is a fixed fixation device and is assisted by auxiliary devices.

Hungarian Patent No. 173,652 discloses an articulator which is primarily an apparatus for teaching jaw movement. The patent claims that the adjustment of the lower and upper jaws to the individual is accomplished by altering and fixing the relative positions of otherwise rigidly connected portions. Adjustment is possible by moving and securing the inclined guide rails relative to each other or by adjusting and securing the top bracket at an angle to the guide rails.

The disadvantage is that the pattern must be plastered onto the device.

The prior art also includes Hungarian Patent No. 224,540, which is a device for fixing dental models for use in a variety of articulators and occluders, having an upper and lower table, optionally having a hinged adjusting structure such that at least three lower and upper plaster samples -There are three clamping screws and needles movable and fixed on the metal bars fixed to the table tops.

The disadvantage is that the upper table is not movable at height and the orientation needle for assisting tooth placement does not provide sufficient assistance to the dental technician.

Also known is International Patent Application WO 00/21458, which discloses a dental anchorage device and a method of fastening that can be used in articulators. The essence of the solution is that the upper and lower tooth samples in the articulator are fixed magnetically and radially to a support plate, which can be adjusted and fixed horizontally, vertically and circularly by means of adjusting screws.

The disadvantage is that precise adjustment of many adjustment screws takes a lot of time.

Also known is U.S. Patent No. 6,210,160, which corresponds to German Patent Publication DE OS 19914705. The essence of the solution is a plaster cast fixation which makes the magnetic fixation to the articulator stable by plaster casting into a mold with radial ribs. The articulator has a swivel hinge at the bottom, top and bottom of the sample receiving table, which can be screwed up and down. The downward movement of the top of the articulator can be limited by a stop screw solution. The top of the articulator can be rotated around an unpaired axis.

The disadvantage is that the plaster pattern is difficult to fix, the vertical adjustment of the upper table is slow and cannot be used as an occluder.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide an articulator that is movable in all directions, screw and magnetic fasteners, which can be used by both dentists and dental technicians, and can be easily and quickly adjusted, while providing an occluder for tooth placement.

An articulator and occluder structure for making removable dentures consisting of a lower plate, two back frames and a fixed part consisting of one or two joints and a movable part connected to the axis thereof, a lower table for the fixed part of the structure and a movable part upper table is connected, upper table is joined by a ball joint adjustable structure, lower and upper gypsum samples are fixed to the table by clamping pin fasteners, the downward movement of the structure is prevented by a support bar defining a central occlusal plane, this adjustable and adjustable a needle, the structure being characterized in that the upper table, together with the ball joint, is fixed to the moving part of the structure in a slidable vertical and horizontal direction; the lower table being secured to the lower face of the structure by a lower ball joint; a lower U-shaped clamping lever is fastened to the lower table top by means of a screw, which secures the lower plaster cast; a removable occlusion sheet is provided on the lower plaster sample, replacing the original teeth, to assist in the correct positioning of the teeth.

The structure is illustrated by way of an example with drawings:

Fig. 4 is a schematic drawing of the articulator and occluder structure of the present invention;

Figure 1 is a plan view of the articulator and occluder structure of the present invention, without the underlying parts;

Figure 2 is a sectional view of the upper articulated structure of the articulator and occluder structure of the present invention;

Figure 3 is a bottom view of the articulator and occluder structure of the present invention, without the underlying parts,

HU 226 222 Β1

Figure 4 is a top view of the lower table of the articulator and occluder structure of the present invention;

Figure 5 is a bottom view of the top table of the articulator and occluder structure of the present invention;

Figure 6 is a top view of the occlusion sheet of the articulator and occluder structure of the present invention,

Figure 7 is a side view of the mounting plate of the articulator and occluder structure of the present invention,

Fig. 8 is a top view of the mounting plate of the articulator and occluder structure of the present invention,

Figure 9 is a plan view of the "U" shaped clamping lever of the articulator and occluder structure of the present invention;

Figure 10 is a side view of an "U" shaped clamping arm of the articulator and occluder structure of the present invention;

Fig. 11 is a top view of a molding pattern of the original teeth replacing the original teeth of the articulator and occluder structure of the present invention;

Fig. 12 is a sectional view of the mold A-A of the bite template replacing the original teeth of the articulator and occluder structure of the present invention.

The invention will be illustrated by way of an example, with the help of drawings.

Figure 1 is a schematic drawing of the invention. The structure consists of two main elements. One is the fixed part and the other is the moving part. The main element of the fixed part is the horizontally arranged lower plate 40, which is fixedly fixed to the connecting element 9 fixed to the upright rear frames 16 preferably by means of screws 37 and pins adjacent thereto.

The rear frames 16 are also held upward by another connecting member 9, preferably in the same way as screws 37 and pins as below. The upper connecting element 9 has a stop bolt 14 which limits the downward movement of the upper part of the structure and rests on the projection of the moving part. Above the upper linking member 9, the rear frame 16 is provided with a shaft 12 for rotating the upper portion. This is an upwardly directed slot, preferably 33 degrees, in which the shaft 12 can be secured by a spring pin 31 and a clamping screw 15. An upper link 11 is attached to the shaft 12. This holds the bars of the upper moving element 42. The rods 42 have two half-slip jaws 2 which are slidable horizontally and secured by fastening screws 28, between which a tube 4 can be slid up and down and secured by a lever arm 27. At the lower end of the tube 4 there is a cup with a hole in the middle, which is part of the upper table 7 and contains a spherical rod 6 holding the upper table 7, which can be clamped by a counter-screw 3 in its manually adjusted position. The magnet 8 is mounted under the head of the spherical rod 6, which holds the fixing plate 21 provided with the bidirectional mandrels 38 in the plaster sample 34. The gypsum pattern 34 can be securely fastened on three sides by slider 13 with a 10-pin fastener. At the ends of the rods 42 there is a locking member, in which the support rod 32 is arranged vertically adjustable. The support bar 32 has an occlusal needle 39 that can be moved and secured vertically. The support bar 32 fits below a conical head support 29. Its head is formed by a cone tapering inwardly at 33 degrees and screwed into the foot 24 through the bottom plate 40.

A lower ball joint 23, which holds the lower table 20, is secured in a through hole formed therein in the middle of the lower panel 40. The lower articulation 23 is shaped similarly to the upper table 7 but is not adjustable in height.

In the bore formed in the lower table top 20, in the bore near the rear frame 16, another multi-element screw nut structure is provided which holds the occlusion plate 33 above. Underneath the occlusion plate 33 is an adjustably fixed "U" shaped clamping arm 18 which engages the lower gypsum pattern 34 with its pins. The lower gypsum sample 34 is provided with a tooth replacement template 44.

The occlusion plate 33 is supported at the front by a support screw 43, adjustable in height, and supported by the template 44. At the back, it is supported by 35 adjusting nuts.

Figure 2 is a plan view of the articulator and occluder structure of the present invention. In the figure, one of the essential elements of the invention is the structural members of the fastening of the upper ball joint. The rods 42 are connected to the rear frame 16 by means of an upper link 11 which is pivotable about the axis 12. On these rods 42, the clamping jaws 2 can be moved. One of these may be secured to the rods 42 in the desired position by means of a retaining screw. The clamping device is used to move and fix the upper ball joint vertically. This structure consists of two tension rods 26, which are preferably screw threaded, which are also preferably screw threaded to the other member of the clamping jaws 2. The pull rods 26 can move freely through one of the holes in the other element of the clamping jaws 2. In the middle of the bridging 41 is a lever arm 27, which screws the clamping jaws 2 and thereby the tube 4 supporting the upper ball joint.

The rods 42 are held together by a locking element 1, into which they are fixed. In this closure 1 there is a guide rod 32 which can be secured by means of the securing screw 30.

The upper connector 11 is held in the middle position by a spacer sleeve 22 between the rear frames 16.

Figure 3 is a sectional view of the upper articulated structure of the articulator and occluder structure of the present invention. This structure ensures that the upper table 7 is spatially movable and lockable in the desired position. In the center of the upper table 7, a spherical rod 6 is arranged in a hollow cup-like hollow section. This rod is preferably provided with a spring in the cup-like hollow portion of the upper table 7

221 tightened or otherwise prevented from turning. The magnet 8 is glued to the cup-like cavity of the upper table 7, which holds the mounting plate 21 molded into the plaster cast. In the threaded end of the spherical rod 6, an elastic screw 3 is engaged, which tensiones the outer, conical or spherical portion of the cup-like cavity of the top table 7 with the washer 5, thereby securing the top table 7.

Figure 4 is a bottom plan view of the structure of the present invention with no underlying parts. This figure shows the construction and fixing of the lower table 20.

The lower table 20 is connected to the rear frame 16 by a connecting element 9, to which two screws 37 are preferably secured. Located at the center of the outer edge of the lower table 20 is a foot 24 supporting the structure of the articulator and occluder, which, together with the rear frame 16, provides a three-point support for the structure.

Figure 5 is a top view of the lower table 20 of the articulator and occluder structure of the present invention. In the center of the lower table 20, a magnet 8 is attracted, preferably glued, into the circular recess, attracting the fixing plate 21 to the lower plaster sample 34. Near the magnet 8, there are two bores in the longitudinal axis which receive the projections of the mounting plate 21 molded into the plaster sample 34. There is another hole at the edge of the lower table 20, to which is attached a screw 36 for securing the occlusion plate 33 and the "U" shaped clamping arm 18.

Fig. 6 is a bottom view of the top table 7 of the articulator and occluder structure of the present invention. In the center of the upper table 7, a magnet 8 is secured, preferably glued, to the lower plaster sample 34 in a circular recess. Near the magnet 8, there are two bores in the longitudinal axis which receive the projections of the mounting plate 21 molded into the plaster sample 34. In the center axis of the upper table 7, on both sides, is a needle structure for fixing the upper plaster sample 34. Sliders 13 are mounted in the upper table 7, on which each holder 25 can move. They can be secured with a clamping screw 15 in the desired position (see Figure 1). The needle retainer 10 can be threaded in the holder 25 and then firmly secures the upper plaster cast 34.

Figure 7 is a plan view of the occlusion sheet 33 of the articulator and occluder structure of the present invention. The occlusion plate 33 is an important aid in adjusting the teeth according to the rules, since the bite is correctly adjusted by the physician in the articulator and occluder structure with the help of this 33 occlusion plate. This occlusion plate 33 is positioned at the intersection of the upper and lower teeth. This is a transparent thin sheet, about 1 mm thick, with various guides. These guides were established on the basis of mouth sizes on a statistical basis. Based on the measurements, I determined three sizes: small, medium and large. The sides of the occlusion plate 33 extend upward and lines parallel to them are the tooth axes of the position of the upper teeth. The outermost (a) outermost (dotted lines), measured at the starting line (b) (underside), shall be 45 mm apart. Medium mouth size has a continuous line c) with a starting distance of 40-45 mm. The starting distance (d) of the innermost line (points-line-points) parallel to them is 35-40 mm.

The position of the canines is facilitated by mustache lines starting from a point on the axis of symmetry. They are also adapted to the size of the mouth. The large mouth has an angle of e) 10 degrees (two dotted lines), medium mouth f) 25 degrees (solid line), small mouth g) 40 degrees (three lines two points). The canines are placed at the intersection of the aforementioned (a, c, d) inclined lines of tangent to the mouth size. The placement of the 6 teeth is facilitated by h) 6 (dashed lines) 25 mm and 28 mm from the front line. The occlusion sheet 33 depicts the so-called Bonwil triangle i) (dashed line). This line indicates the exact adjustment distance in the occlusion plane.

The front of the occlusion plate 33 has a retaining screw 43 for adjusting its height. There are two notches on the top, in fact on the back, of the occlusion plate 33. These fit between the rear frames 16. There is a triangular notch in the middle, which also serves as an anchor. Here, the back of the occlusion plate 33 can be secured when the template 44 replacing the teeth is removed. The desired height can be set using the notched adjusting nut 35 (see Figure 1).

Figures 8 and 9 are side and top views of the mounting plate 21 of the articulator and occluder structure of the present invention. It is a rectangular iron sheet with four corners folded up and molded into plaster 34. In its central plane, one claw is folded down. This fits into the corresponding holes in the upper table 7 and the lower table 20.

Figures 10 and 11 are side elevational views of the "U" shaped clamping arms 18 of the articulator and occluder structure of the present invention. This part serves to secure the lower plaster sample 34. At the ends of the "U" shape are mandrels which, when penetrated into the plaster pattern 34, secures it firmly. The favorable shape allows quick insertion and insertion. It is fastened to the curved washer 19 by means of a nut 17 (see Fig. 1).

Figures 12 and 13 are plan views and A-A sections of a mold 45 of a bite template 44 replacing the original teeth of the articulator and occluder structure of the present invention. This tool is used to quickly create a tooth replacement template 44 (also known as a wax duct). The orifice into which the wax is poured is formed in the arc of the teeth and edged to the extent required by the height of the template 44 replacing the teeth.

A description of how the structure works

The dentist first makes an impression, the dental technician custom spoons and a bite template. Creating a bite template is done as follows: Once the individual models have been cast, the technician draws the edges of the base plate, bypassing the foot brakes. For the bottom 44 templates, you have Stenc or

HU 226 222 Β1

Kerr material or wax can be used. The mold 44 is facilitated by the mold 45. The lower template 44 is preferably provided with a wedge (so-called "wedge") 3 mm deep and 4 mm wide around the mills. The template 44 does not need to be softened, but it is important to lubricate well so that it does not stick to the top wax. The notch helps position the upper wax barrel. The upper wax rope is made by the dentist on a base plate made by a dental technician. It evenly melts, folds and glides the wax plate onto the top plate in the form of horseshoe. Thus, the entire wax cord is equally soft and thus the patient bites into the lower hard template 44. This penetrates into the wedge-shaped notch around the small grinders and, when cooled, forms a locking key.

Another solution is to place preformed, reusable metal chewing teeth around the teeth of the fifth and sixth teeth in the lower template 44. In this case, one template does not slip away from the other and results in a perfect chewing print.

First, the lower model is secured to the articulator and occluder structure by means of a molding plate 21 with needle clamps and a "U" shaped clamping arm 18, together with a tooth replacing template 44 on the lower table 20 of the articulator, using the Bonwill triangle i) shown on the 33 occlusion sheets to obtain a sufficient distance from the Kondilus orbit. Adjust the articulator and occluder structure to spirit level. Similarly, a spirit level is applied to the occlusion sheet 33. When they are in alignment, the adjustment is locked by the lower link articulation 27 with the lever arm 27. Align the occlusion needle 39 with the center indicated on the occlusion sheet 33 and secure it. The notch 35 of the adjustable nut 35 movable on the screw 36 is adjusted to the height of the occlusion plate 33 so that it can be later replaced.

Once the bottom model is fixed, the top model can be easily adjusted. To do this, the upper plaster sample 34 is fastened to the top table 7 with the magnet 8 and the needle clamps 10 into which the fixing plate 21 has been pre-cast. The occlusion plate 33 is then removed and the upper bite is placed over the lower template 44 using a wedge-shaped notch around the mincer. Then the upper part of the articulator and occluder structure is folded over, whereupon the clamping jaws 2 and the ball joints are loosened. The upper metal table 7 is moved back and forth, up and down until it fits perfectly into the lower template 44. The upper table 7 is then secured with all its fasteners. Care must be taken when screwing the 10-pin fixture so that the upper model does not move out of the wedge-shaped notch around the small grinders. When all is well adjusted, the stop bolt 14 is adjusted to the stop by the projection of the moving part so that the support bar 32 can be removed when the artificial teeth are inserted. The correctness of the adjustment can be checked by the dentist and corrected if necessary.

The dental technician uses the guides on the 33 occlusion tabs to determine the size of the mouth (small, medium, or large) and the arc of the teeth. The cross-bite of the teeth can be adjusted with a known gauge called Ghizi. Once the upper teeth are properly positioned, the occlusion plate 33 is removed and the lower teeth are placed.

Once the tooth has been inserted, the clamping screws 15 securing the shaft 12 are loosened and the structure used hitherto as an occluder becomes an articulator, i.e. it is possible to imitate the movement of the jaw (ie, by following the lateral movements as closely as possible) correct tooth alignment.

Models are removed by unlocking the clamps, of course.

Advantageous effects associated with the invention

The structure according to the invention may, in contrast to the prior art solutions, omit solid plaster casting on the frame of the structure and allow for subsequent inspection and correction. With the cooperation of the dentist and the dental technician, the upper and lower dentures are much more perfectly prepared.

Claims (11)

1. An articulator and occluder structure for making removable dentures consisting of a bottom plate, two back frames and a fixed part consisting of one or two joints and a movable part connected to its axis, a lower table for the fixed part of the structure and a movable part an upper table is connected, the upper table is joined by an articulated adjustable structure, the lower and upper plaster samples are fixed to the tables by clamping pin fasteners, the downward movement of the structure is limited by an adjustable and adjustable support bar defining a central occlusal plane a needle, characterized in that the upper table (7), together with the ball joint, is fixed to the moving part of the structure in a slidable vertical and horizontal direction; the lower table (20) being secured to the lower panel (40) of the structure by a lower ball joint (23); a lower U-shaped clamping arm (18) securing the lower plaster sample (34) in an adjustable manner by means of a screw (36) on the lower table top (20); a removable occlusion sheet (33) is provided on the lower plaster sample (34) to replace the original teeth, replacing the original teeth (44). Device according to Claim 1, characterized in that the occlusion plate (33) has guides for adjusting the teeth arch. Device according to Claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the occlusion plate (33) is supported by a height adjusting bolt (43) at the front and an adjusting nut (35) at the rear. 4. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that it is a moving part of the device The downward movement of Β1 is also limited by a stop bolt (14) which leans against the projection of the moving part. 5. A device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the hinged attachment of the upper table (7) is made of a tube (4), a spherical rod (6) fitted to a correspondingly formed part of the upper table (7) and a washer (5). and consists of a counter-nut (3) which clamps them together. Device according to Claim 5, characterized in that the ball joint joint tube (4) is fixed to a moving part of the structure by means of a tension rod (26), a brace (41) and a lever clamp (27) for clamping the clamping jaws (2). 7. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the plaster samples (34) are provided with an iron fixing plate (21) with protruding claws extending on one side to the plaster sample (34) and on the other side to the upper (7) or lower table (20). fit into their holes. Device according to Claim 7, characterized in that the fixing plate (21) of the plaster samples (34) is fixed by a magnet (8) fixed in the lower (20) or upper table (7). 9. Device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the fixed part of the device has a rear frame (16) having a 33-degree slanted fork-shaped aperture in its upper part, in which the axis of the moving part (12) is secured by clamping screws (15). is supported by a spring pin (31). Device according to Claim 9, characterized in that the movable part of the device consists of an upper link 11 fixed to the shaft (12) and two rods (42) connected thereto and held together by a locking element (1) in which the support rod (1). 32) is secured by a retaining screw II (30). Device according to Claim 10, characterized in that the support bar (32) rests on a conical head support (29) and is fixed to the lower plate (40), its cone is inclined 33 degrees towards the center. HU 226 222 Β1 Int Cl .: A61C 11/08 Figure 1 HU 226 222 Β1 Int Cl .: A61C 11/08 Figure 3 HU 226 222 Β1 Int Cl .: A61C 11/08 24 40 23 27 20 8 Figure 5 HU 226 222 Β1 Int Cl .: A61C 11/08 4 --- 11th figure Figure 8 Figure 10 HU 226 222 Β1 Int Cl .: A61C 11/08 Figure 7 HU 226 222 Β1 Int Cl .: A61C 11/08