IL99703A - Method for reduction of pollution from combustion chambers - Google Patents

Description

A METHOD FOR REDUCTION OF POLLUTION FROM COMBUSTION CHAMBERS il ABSTRACT OF THE DISCLOSURE mixture of and rhenium is employed in the combustion of liquid solid fuel in combustion chambers such as diesel and gasoline for reduction of pollution emitted from the combustion The platinum serves as a catalyst with carbon and carbon monoxide to produce carbon the rhodium serves for reducing oxides of nitrogen to nitrogen gas and oxygen and the rhenium serves as a catalytic promoter for the catalytic functions of the platinum and the The rhodium also promotes the catalytic action of the catalytic mixture is introduced into a flame zone of a combustion chamber in any convenient such as by use of an air The composition of the mixture is as milligrams of milligrams and milligrams rhenium for treating 24 kilograms of METHOD FOR REDUCTION OF POLLUTION FROM COMBUSTION CHAMBERS Background of the invention The present nvention relates to e method for of pollution emitted from More specifically the relates to a for reduction of pollution emitted from chambers aa in and gasoline engines in motor vehicles and ohambere in oombuetion of liquid solid fuel takes The reduction of pollution achieved by platinum and rhenium aa cata established that the major pollutants produced by combustion are carbon and oxides of nitrogen hereinafter referred to as In recent years attempts were made to reduce pollution in various ways by using catalysts but the results were only partially In addition rhenium was used in order to increase the octane number in gasoline instead of using It apparent that aa combuetlon temperatures soot and CO decreased but at the same time the latter being an undesirable On the other if the oombuetion temperature is the NO indeed lb but the amount of CO and the efficiency of the fuel utilization Attempts were made to use platinum a oatalyat for oxidizing the undeeired and the CO to C02 oombuation Patent number Thia patent discloses use of the entire Platinum group for oxidation but refers primarily to Over the decade platinum been ueed ae a homogeneous catalyat to oxidize C CO to in both engines and the problem remained aa to how to reduoe the Ν0χ chemically to the and this being an exothermic Summary of the Invention The of the present invention ie to oxidize the oarbon and the oarbon monoxide to C02 and simultaneously to reduce the to and without one prooeaa being at the expenae of the Aocording to the present invention the catalyat mixture ie rhodium and Wherein the platinum serves for oxidizing carbon and CO to the rhodium serves for reducing the to and the rhenium eervee ae a catalytic promoter for the catalysts platinum and The rhodium alao promotes the catalytic of Tho rhenium enables the platinum and rhodium to fulfill their role A defined ratio must be maintained among the catalysts and between the quantities of catalysts and The site at which said simultaneous oxidation and reduction takes place is the combustion chamber to which the catalysts are transported by various See for example Patent and invention relates to a method for reducing the pollution emitted from combustion by the addition of the catalysts rhodium and rhenium to the combustion in proportions and in a specific ratio to the amount of The introduction of the above mixture of catalysts into the combustion chamber leads to a simultaneous oxidation and Oxidation of carbon and CO to and reduction of tho to and According to the present invention the following amounts of catalysts should be rhodium and mg rhenium per kg Optimally the following quantities should bs mg 1 mg and 1 mg rhenium per 240 kg Brief Description the Drawings Drawings serve to illustrate the e ectiveness of the 1 illustrates the CO and A levels prior to and subsequent to the injeotion of the oatalytio mixture to the combustion chamber of motor vehicle diesel engin 2 illustrates the opacity levels prior to and subsequent to the of the catalytio mixture to the oombuation chamber of two motor diesel The opacity level relates to the degree of oarbon in 3 illustrates the d levels of three additional motor f illustrates the NO and opacity levels prior Λ to the injection and subsequent to injection as examined at intervale over t and after a eeoond in Detailed Description The catalysts may be introduced into tho zone of the combustion chamber in any manner such as by transporting the catalysts by air to the combustion chamber es described in the Patent combustion chamber may be of any type Such as 03 2 or The reduction of pollution by simultaneous oxidation reduction can occur only when the proportions among the components of the system are Preparation of the catalyst A mixture of 160 rhodium end 50 rhenium suffices to reduce pollution in 12 liter The mixture prepared as 400 in water 120 in water 50 rhenium in perrhenio acid in a total of 114 liters of order to reduce pollution in engines or furnaces by means of the equipment and method described in the mentioned the catalytic mixture described above divided into 6000 wherein each vial contains 19 ml Each euch vial can reduce the pollution of 2000 liters fuel combustion Up to the for of pollution combustion chambers 500 of has been without any addition of Although the patent 4295816 relates to the metals for the reduotion of does so only with regard to the oxidation process of the oarbon the CO to and does not relate to the rhodium and its function in the reduction of the 1 shows a reduction of the CO and pollution in engines in a motor vehicle Prior of the catalytic the pollution level waa measured as NOv 1000 ppm and CO 350 Subaequent to the injection of the catalytic a eignifloant reduotion waa noted in the level which dropped to 500 ppm and the CO level which dropped to 200 2 shows the in pollution in two motor vehicles as a result of the injection of the oatalysts mixture wherein the pollution with regard to and one vehicle opaoity from to and in the other from to the first vehicle the dropped from 1600 ppm to 300 and in the second vehiole from 2000 ppm to 200 should be noted that in the first vehiole the decrease in pollution was examined after ea after and in the second after 3203 3 shows the decrease pollution thre additional motor The pollution test was in the first vehiole 6538 miles after and in the second vehicle 4923 miles after and in third vehicle 1311 milea after In the first vehiole opaoity decreased from to and the decreased from β 800 ppm to 250 In second vehicle opaoity from to and the from ppm to 100 and in the third vehiole decreased from to and the from Θ0Ο ppm to 300 4 refers to the in pollution examined 66 and 9302 respectively after the and immediately after another After 66 and 6538 the dropped from 800 ppm to 300 ppm and 250 ppm and the opaoity dropped from to and respectivel 9302 miles after injection a dramatic increase in pollution noted due to fact that no more of the catalytic mixture A injection and reexamination indicated immediate and sharp drop in the pollution The dropped from 1200 ppm to 380 ppm and opacity from to 7 insufficientOCRQuality

Claims (7)

9 9 7 Q 3 2 What is claimed is:

1. A method for reducing pollution emitted from combustion chambers during a combustion in air of a carbonaceous fuel, the method comprising a step of introducing a mixture of precious metals including platinum, rhodium and rhenium to the flame zone of combustion chambers homogeneously, wherein said mixture contains not more than 15 mg of said metals per 24 kg of fuel , " said mixture is borne by gases in the flame zone during a combustion of the fuel for simultaneously enhancing oxidation of carbon of the fuel and inhibiting oxidation of nitrogen of the air, and said mixture contains 1 - 9 mg platinum, 0.3 - 3 mg rhodium and 0.3 - 3 mg rhenium.

2. A method according to Claim 1 wherein said mixture contains 3.2 mg platinum, 1 mg rhodium and 1 mg rhenium per 24 - 2400 kg fuel.

3. A method according to Claim 2 wherein said mixture contains 3.2 mg platinum, 1 mg rhodium and 1 mg rhenium per 240 kg fuel.

4. A method according to Claim 1 wherein said mixture is introduced Into the combustion chamber by air flow.

5. A method for reducing pollution emitted from a combustion chamber by introducing rhodium as a reduction catalyst or as an oxidation inhibitor, and introducing rhenium and platinum, via a stream of fluid to the combustion chamber, wherein there are 1 - 9 parts of platinum to 0.3 - 3 parts of rhodium to 0.3 · 4 parts of rhenium by mass, ratio in the chamber during a combusting of fuel in the chamber.

6. A catalytic mixture containing 1 - 9 mg platinum, 0.3 - 3 mg rhodium and 0.3 - 3 mg rhenium, said mixture being employed with 24 - 2400 kg fuel' via a carrying of the mixture by the gases of a combustion process during a combustion of the fuel. 8

7. A method according to Claim 5 wherein said platinum and said rhodium and said rhenium are present in said chamber concurrently with a carbonaceous fuel, there being 1 - 9 mg platinum. 0.3 - 3 mg rhodium and 0.3 - 4 mg rhenium employed with 24 - 2400 kg fuel. ADVOCATE 4 PATENT ATTORNEY Ρι θ; Β·. 32681f mHMlll 9