IT202300002904A1 - TRANSMISSION SYSTEM FOR ELECTRIC BICYCLE, EQUIPPED WITH TWO MODES OF USE, PLACED INTERNALLY AND TANGENT TO THE SPOKE-LESS WHEEL ON WHICH IT IS ABLE TO ACT - Google Patents

Description

Description

TRANSMISSION SYSTEM FOR ELECTRIC BICYCLE, EQUIPPED WITH TWO MODES OF USE, PLACED INTERNALLY AND TANGENT TO THE SPOKE-LESS WHEEL ON WHICH IT IS ABLE TO ACT

TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION

[0001] The present invention relates to a system for transmitting driving force for an electric bicycle with assisted pedalling (1) consisting of a group of gears (4), connected to an electric motor (6), combined with a spokeless wheel (5) on which it is able to act and positioned internally and tangent to the internal diameter of said wheel. The system is connected to the entire load-bearing frame of the bicycle (16) by means of a support frame (7) capable of housing and holding together the component parts.

[0002] The transmission system uses the pedal-crank assembly (2) and elements of the crank axle (3) to transmit the driving force supplied by the cyclist to the gear assembly (4) which, thanks to its shape and positioning on the support frame (7) anchored to the bicycle's load-bearing frame (16) by means of the anchors (17) or other connection methods, is able to act directly on the internal toothed or high-grip part (38) of the spokeless wheel (5) on which it is placed and is also equipped, to assist propulsion, with an electric motor (6), connected to a battery (10) via a regulation and control unit (11), which acts directly on the said gear assembly (4).

[0003] The support frame (7) is equipped with an internal sliding element (8) and a stand and coupling/uncoupling lever (9) which allow the connection or disconnection of the gear group (4) from the spokeless wheel (5) in order to allow two different uses of the invention; the first defined as ?road riding mode? which allows the use of the invention as an electric bicycle to allow the cyclist to move from one place to another place, the second defined as ?static training mode? which allows the use of the invention as a static device to carry out training indoors or in confined spaces or in the open air but without moving.

STATE OF THE ART

[0004] The electric bicycles present in the known state of the art are equipped with motion transmission systems which, for their operation, are based on traditional frames which are characterised by a defined geometry, the most common of these is the diamond-shaped one, on which equipment and devices are inserted which allow for assisted pedalling.

[0005] The state of the art implies that:

- [0005.1] the positioning of the pedal/crank/chain gear group traditionally occurs in an external position with respect to the rear wheel equipped with spokes, with an anchorage to a part of the frame intermediate between the two wheels, making the chain or a gear necessary for the transmission of the driving force to the hub of the aforementioned rear wheel. The presence and position of said group entails construction constraints that determine the need to position the other elements constituting the transmission system in different points of the bicycle. For example, in some very common types the electric motor, called roller or clutch, is positioned near the tyre, this can cause problems of adhesion of the device due to dust and therefore limited efficiency; in other cases the motor is placed on the hub of the rear or front wheel and this determines the need to provide adequate electrical connections between said motor, the control unit and the battery along various parts of the bicycle frame.

- [0005.2] the positioning of the pedal/crank/gear crown group, even in the case of non-traditional transmission systems and applied to spokeless wheels, still occurs in an intermediate position between the two wheels, both for practical reasons related to the transmission ratio and for ergonomic and sometimes even aesthetic reasons. In this case, both bicycle frames and spokeless wheels have characteristics of slenderness and ?design? that are poorly suited to the real needs of robustness and stability of a frame or wheels designed for real use. This determines the need to use extremely resistant and high-performance materials and therefore very expensive. Also in this case, the presence and position of the said pedal/crank/gear crown group entails construction constraints that determine the need to position the other elements constituting the transmission system in different points of the bicycle with a consequent increase in complexity;

- [0005.3] the simple positioning of a crown gear inside the wheel without spokes does not allow the correct functioning of the transmission due to an unfavourable transmission ratio and is difficult to position because it requires adequate support to allow a certain and robust connection between the crown gear of the transmission and the wheel.

[0006] In light of the above, it can be highlighted that the mandatory positioning of the aforementioned pedal, crankset and gear ring group in an intermediate position between the two wheels of the bicycle limits the possibility of concentrating the components of the transmission system in a specific area of the bicycle and consequently the possibility of introducing modifications or additional technical and functional solutions to reduce the volumes involved, the number of moving parts, the extension of the electrical connections, the complexity and rigidity of the transmission system. In other words, the possibility of introducing innovations to the geometry of the entire structure of the bicycle is therefore limited. For example, this positioning defines a limit on the height from the ground of the bicycle frame which constitutes another constraint in the aforementioned geometry of the bicycle.

[0007] Furthermore, traditional electric bicycles are not equipped with systems, as an integral part of the entire transmission system, that allow the use of the same bicycle also for static training activities, for example when using an exercise bike inside the home, and such as to allow the recharging of the batteries supplied with the bicycle through the muscular strength of the person training. To allow the aforementioned static training, it is necessary to have additional devices that allow the rotation of the drive wheel or part of it or its gears on the spot with the consequent increase in the overall complexity of using the electric bicycle system. Furthermore, even the numerous concept bicycles present on the net do not have this dual characteristic that can be exercised through the methods described above.

[0008] As regards the prior art within the scope of the subject matter of this application, the references are as follows:

D1) CN102431383A - SPOKE-FREE HOLLOW MIDDLE SHAFT BICYCLE;

D2) CN204452777U - BICYCLE WITH HOLLOW WHEELS (Utility model link to D1);

D3) US38617138 - DIRECT TRANSMISSION SYSTEM FOR BICYCLES;

D4) CN204264374U - NOVEL ELECTRIC BICYCLE (Utility model);

D5) US698732461- ELECTRIC GENERATING CONVERTIBLE BICYCLE;

Although the structural features of the above described devices present, at first glance, similarities with the present invention, they differ in some substantial respects. These differences, which will be described in more detail below, are essential for the effective use of the invention and admit advantages that are not available with the previous devices.

In fact, in general, the references identified above are all related to solutions that foresee the presence of the pedal group, crank, gear crown in an intermediate position between the two wheels, but none focuses on the possibility that this transmission system can instead be placed in the internal part of the wheel without spokes. Furthermore, none of the references cited present measures that also allow a static use for training, indoors or in confined spaces or in the open air, of the electric bicycle without its rear wheel being put into rotation.

[0009] In particular, D1, which could be considered the prior art closest to the subject of the present application, describes a bicycle equipped with spokeless wheels whose operation is linked to its particular shape but the said pedal, crank and gear ring group continues to be positioned in an intermediate position between the two wheels and only thanks to the presence of additional gears connected to it is able to reach the rear wheel in its internal part. This results in the absence of a true and real direct action on the rear wheel and therefore the absence of a real simplification of the transmission system. Furthermore, the declared direct action, without the use of additional devices or gears and without the aid of an electric motor, would result in an excessively unfavourable and therefore decidedly unacceptable transmission ratio. Furthermore, D1 does not allow the possibility of static training.

[0010] D2 constitutes a utility model of D1.

[0011] The D3 identifies a direct transmission system of the driving force by means of a pedal, crankset, gear crown positioned in an intermediate position between the two wheels and which acts on the hub of the rear wheel through a transmission shaft with the difficulties and complexities that such a system entails. Furthermore, D3 does not allow the possibility of static training.

[0012] The D4 defines an electric bicycle equipped with a rear wheel assembly comprising a rear wheel guard and a spokeless rear wheel, arranged on the inside of the aforementioned wheel guard, on which a battery-powered magnetic ring acts to determine the movement. Also in this case the pedal, crank and gear ring assembly is positioned in an intermediate position between the two wheels. Furthermore, D4 does not allow for training.

[0013] The D5 defines a traditional bicycle equipped with a generator whose drive shaft is connected to a roller which is adapted to exert friction with the external surface of the rear tyre of said bicycle. The rotation of the rear wheel is possible thanks to the positioning of the bicycle on a support which allows the wheel to be separated from the ground. The D5 differs from the invention in that in this case too it is a traditional bicycle and the pedal, crank and gear ring assembly is positioned in an intermediate position between the two wheels. Furthermore, the D5 allows the static use of the bicycle only thanks to a support which lifts the rear wheel from the ground allowing it to rotate and which in turn causes the electric generator to rotate; the present invention, however, during its static use does not involve the rotation of the wheel on which the transmission system acts as this is disconnected from it. Therefore, the methods with which direct current is generated for recharging the battery supplied or external users are different. Furthermore, the invention has a level of compactness and concentration of all the component elements in a single device that the D5 does not possess.

TECHNICAL PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED / CONTENTS OF THE INVENTION

[0014] In this context, the technical task underlying the present invention is to propose a transmission system combined with and acting internally to the spokeless wheel on which it acts that overcomes the above-mentioned drawbacks of the known art and that increases the usefulness of this type of bicycle by providing the possibility of having two modes of use, road riding and static training, and to develop further possibilities of use and innovative solutions in the field of mobility on light electric vehicles (LEV) and in the field of exercise bikes combined with electric motors that can also be used as generators of electric energy.

The invention aims, through its conformation and positioning of the equipment, to concentrate the essential elements of the transmission system for electric bicycles in a specific area inside the spokeless wheel on which it acts, optimising the number of elements and parts that make up said system, lowering the centre of gravity and making riding the electric bicycle safer and more comfortable, thus making it easier to use. Furthermore, the invention allows, thanks to the possibility of disconnecting the gear group (4) from the spokeless wheel on which it acts (5), use for static training with the possibility of generating electrical energy. In fact, the particular conformation and position of the gear group (4) combined with and acting inside a spokeless wheel (5) together with other functional solutions linked to them such as the conformation of the support frame (7) and the equipment associated with it, in particular the sliding support element (8) and the parking stand and coupling/uncoupling lever (9) used for selecting the mode. of use, give this electric bicycle transmission system an innovative, distinctive and original character compared to the known state of the art.

[0015] The invention was therefore conceived and created to simplify and streamline the transmission system, overcome some positioning constraints of the elements constituting the bicycles linked to the prior art and allow all the essential parts of the transmission system of an electric bicycle to be concentrated in a well-defined area inside the spoke-free wheel on which it acts in order to lower the centre of gravity and free up other areas of the electric bicycle for the positioning of additional technological systems or devices or simply allow the development of new design forms free from traditional geometries. Furthermore, the invention allows the use of the same bicycle to conduct static training activities, indoors or in confined environments or in the open air, with the possibility of charging the battery supplied and/or other batteries or external devices/systems.

[0016] The ?ELECTRIC BICYCLE TRANSMISSION SYSTEM, EQUIPPED WITH TWO MODES OF USE, PLACED INTERNALLY AND TANGENT TO THE SPOKELESS WHEEL ON WHICH IT ACTS? therefore presents a series of advantages compared to the solution proposed in the aforementioned reference publications of the prior art as:

- [0016.1] The epicyclic gearing allows for greater pedaling efficiency.

In fact, the said epicyclic gearing, as an essential element of the gear group (4) as will be described below, is in particular equipped with a crown with locked internal teeth (23), a driving carrier (24) and a driven pinion (26) rotating in the same direction as the carrier, resulting in an increase in the rotation speed of the said output pinion compared to the rotation speed of the input carrier to which the pedals are connected. This configuration produces an increase in the transmission ratio equal to 1 (Nr / Ns), where Nr is the number of teeth of the crown while Ns is the number of teeth of the pinion. Therefore, the application of a force on the pedal translates into an advantageous transmission ratio on the wheel (5) with a consequent greater efficiency of pedalling. Furthermore, thanks to the geometry of the support frame (7), although for reasons of simplicity the drawings only represent one of them, the number of such epicyclic gearings can be be greater than one and in this case the gears can be placed in series with a further efficiency of the pedalling.

- [0016.2] The pedal effort/torque sensor (44), located on the motor (6), connected to the computerized regulation and control unit (11) and both combined with a fixed transmission ratio, are able to determine a modulation of the power delivered by the motor commensurate with the real needs of the cyclist in each phase of the route being undertaken and with the settings entered by the cyclist by means of the regulation controller (13), helping to reduce the number of elements that make up the transmission system, the complexity, the dimensions and the overall weights. In fact, with the effort/torque sensor, which is a device sensitive to the force applied to the pedals by the cyclist, it is sufficient to apply a light pressure on the pedal for the motor (6) to be started, even starting from a standstill. While the control unit (11) balances the insertion of the electric propulsion in a progressive manner, right from the start of pedaling, without the need for further mechanisms that provide for the change of the ratio which in the invention is fixed.

- [0016.3] The concentration of all the main elements composing the transmission system in a specific area of the bicycle allows for freeing up spaces in other areas of the same for better weight balance and a lowering of the center of gravity in order to increase the safety of use of the electric bicycle and to allow the future development of possible innovations and/or modifications to the geometry of the bicycle and/or new forms of design. An example of a possible use of the present invention could be represented by its application on "cargo" bicycles for the transport of materials.

- [0016.4] The possibility of coupling/uncoupling the gear group (4) from the spokeless wheel on which it acts (5) through an action exerted by the cyclist on the parking stand and coupling/uncoupling lever (9) allows, in addition to use in road riding mode, the static use of the same electric bicycle also for static training activities indoors or in confined open spaces or in the open air, making it possible at the same time to recharge the batteries supplied with the bicycle, or another additional battery or connectable electrical device, using the cyclist's muscular strength. The percentage of recharging of the battery or other device will obviously depend on how intense and long-lasting the training has been but is in any case able to contribute to overall energy savings also in terms of environmental sustainability. This feature of coupling and uncoupling the gear group from the wheel on which it is able to act concentrated in a single device gives a further marked element of uniqueness to the invention in question. - [0016.5] The use of the parking stand and coupling/uncoupling lever (9) allows the possibility of static use of the bicycle without the need for further external equipment. Although any external equipment could increase the stabilization of the invention in the static use mode, the equipment already present on it makes their presence not obligatory. This favors the overall simplification of the system and a saving in terms of elements that compose it.

[0017] The specified technical task and the specified purposes are substantially achieved by the "DRIVE SYSTEM FOR ELECTRIC BICYCLE, EQUIPPED WITH TWO MODES OF USE, PLACED INTERNALLY AND TANGENT TO THE SPOKELESS WHEEL ON WHICH IT ACTS" comprising the technical characteristics set out in one or more of the attached claims.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Further features and advantages of the present invention will appear clearer from the indicative, and therefore non-limiting, description of a preferred but non-exclusive embodiment of the "DRIVE SYSTEM FOR ELECTRIC BICYCLE, EQUIPPED WITH TWO MODES OF USE, PLACED INTERNALLY AND TANGENT TO THE SPOKELESS WHEEL ON WHICH IT ACTS", as illustrated in the attached drawings from figure 1 to figure 17.

- Fig.1 illustrates the side view according to the longitudinal section of the invention;

- Fig.2 illustrates the cross-section of the invention, in particular the most significant portion of section A-A indicated in fig.1;

- Fig.3 illustrates the side view of the main elements composing the invention excluding the wheel;

- Fig. 4 shows the exploded and enlarged perspective view of the main elements making up the gear group and the electric motor;

- Fig. 5 illustrates the perspective view of the main elements making up the sliding support element with particular reference to the anchoring elements of the latter to the gear group;

- Fig.6 illustrates the exploded perspective view of the main components of the gear group, the electric motor and the sliding support element that contains them;

- Fig.7 illustrates the assembled perspective view of the main components of the gear group, the electric motor and the sliding support element that contains them; - Fig.8 illustrates the exploded perspective view of the main components of the support frame, the coupling/uncoupling lever and parking stand, the sliding support element and the spokeless wheel;

- Fig. 9 illustrates the exploded perspective view detail (right side elements) of the support frame in the area where it joins the sliding support element and the coupling/uncoupling lever and parking stand;

- Fig. 10 illustrates the exploded perspective view detail (left side elements) of the support frame in the area where it joins the sliding support element and the coupling/uncoupling lever and parking stand;

- Fig. 11 illustrates the exploded perspective view detail (left and right side elements) of the coupling/uncoupling lever and parking stand;

- Fig. 12 illustrates the side view (right side) and the rear view of the invention when assembled in the road driving configuration;

- Fig.13 illustrates the side view according to a significant longitudinal section of the invention which highlights the position of the sliding support element and the gear group in proximity to the spokeless wheel in the road driving configuration;

- Fig. 14 illustrates the side view (right side) of the device when assembled in the static training use configuration;

- Fig.15 illustrates the side view according to a significant longitudinal section of the invention which highlights the position of the sliding support element and the gear group in proximity to the effort adjustment pad, at the same time spaced from the spokeless wheel, in the static training use configuration;

- Fig. 16 illustrates the perspective view of the assembled invention in the road driving configuration;

- Fig.17 block diagram illustrating the operation.

[0019] With reference to the drawings, they represent only one possible form of representation of the invention with the aim of illustrating and clarifying better, in combination with the description, the inventive principles underlying the invention itself.

[0020] LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS: (1). Electric bicycle transmission system placed internally and tangent to the spokeless wheel on which it is able to act; (2). Pedals-Cranks; (3). Elements of the crank axle; (4). Gear group;

(5). Spokeless wheel; (6). Electric motor; (7). Transmission system support frame; (8). Internal sliding support element; (9). Parking stand and Lever for coupling/uncoupling the gear set to/from the spokeless wheel; (10). Internal battery; (11). Control unit for regulating the transmitted power and controlling various functions; (12). Brakes; (13). Wireless controller-display or mobile phone, on which a specific software application has been installed, capable of allowing the selection of the regulation settings to be implemented and the control of the reference parameters connected wirelessly to the regulation and control unit 11; (14). Inverter for converting the electrical energy from direct current produced in static training mode into alternating electrical energy for powering and/or charging external devices; (15). Diverter for the electrical energy into direct current produced by the motor in static training mode. static training to power the internal battery or any external battery or to power the inverter, which in turn will power any external users, and vice versa;

(16). Bicycle carrier frame; (17). Anchors to the carrier frame capable of being moved to adjust the position of the transmission system 1 in relation to the bicycle carrier frame 16; (18). External connection hub; (19). External bearing;

(20). Toothed V-belt; (21). Freewheel bearing; (22). Gear locking discs; (23). Locked internal toothed crown; (24). Driving rotating planet carrier; (25). Planet gears; (26). Driven central sun pinion, (27). Freewheel bearing; (28). Sealed bearings; (29). End bearings; (30). Pedal distribution shaft/gear; (31). Trapezoidal groove pedal distribution hub; (32). Anchoring elements of gear group 4 to internal sliding support element 8; (33). Anchoring elements of crown 23 to sliding support element 8; (34). Semicircular anchoring and supporting element of toothed wheel gear 35 to sliding support element 8. This circular element is equipped with a special bearing to allow the rotation of the gear wheel 35;

(35). Toothed wheel gear or contact with adhesion; (36). Anchoring projection of the bearing 34; (37). Protective membrane of the gear unit and motor; (38). Toothed internal part or contact with adhesion of the spokeless wheel; (39). Double-T profiled rim of the spokeless wheel; (40). Groove of the rim suitable for accommodating a tire/tyre on the spokeless wheel; (41). Tire/tyre of the spokeless wheel; (42). Container element of the brushless electric motor consisting of stator and rotor; (43). Toothed wheel or contact with adhesion keyed to the distribution shaft of the motor; (44). Stress or pressure sensor; (45). Oblong central slot; (46). Curvilinear projection for the rotation of the spokeless wheel; (47). Initial roller of the projection; (48). Anchoring slots for the curved projection to the support frame; (49). Support roller and vertical support; (50). Guide roller and horizontal spacer; (51). Internal fin for distributing the weight of the bicycle; (52). Extendable external fin for distributing the weight of the bicycle and facilitating the movement of the stand with the foot; (53). Locking rod for the gear coupling/uncoupling lever, acting on the radial slots made on the circular projection 67. The rod is equipped with a connection fin 54; (54). Connection fin with its counterpart on the opposite side in order to synchronise the sliding of the two rods 53; (55). Prominence with recess of the locking rod 53; (56). Spring-loaded release button for the gear coupling/uncoupling lever 9; (57). Slot for prominence with recess 55 obtained on the lever 9; (58). Rod thrust spring 53; (59). Thrust spring locking lug 58; (60). Access slot to the worm screw 71 for adjustment by means of the external knob 74; (61). Access slot to the worm screw 71 for adjustment by means of the external knob 74; (62). Sliding track of the internal sliding support element on the support frame along the y-axis; (63). Sliding slot of the movement pin 66; (64). Sliding track/guide of the movement pin 66;

(65). Sliding projection inside the sliding track 62. Said projection is located on the external lateral part of the sliding support element 8; (66). Movement pin anchored on the sliding projection 65; (67). Circular rotation projection of the parking stand and the coupling/uncoupling lever 9, equipped with radial slots for anchoring the rod 53. Said projection is located on the external lateral part of the support frame 7; (68). Circular track for circular rotation projection 67 and arched track for sliding the rod 53; (69). Shoe for adjusting the effort during static operation of the bicycle; (70). Element in sliding contact of the shoe with the toothed wheel gear 35; (71). Worm screw for the bidirectional movement of the adjustment pads along the z-axis, and on which the knob 74 is anchored; (72). Support and rotation bearing of the worm screw 71; (73). Transverse sliding rod of the adjustment pads with respect to the main direction of the worm screw along the z-axis; (74). Removable adjustment knob, passing through the slots 60 and 61; (75). Connection systems or slots for connection pins of the two parts making up the support frame, of the two parts making up the internal sliding support element and of the two parts making up the parking stand and coupling/uncoupling lever, as well as of the two parts making up the connection fin of the rod 53. These systems or slots are housed along the external perimeters of the above-mentioned elements; (76). Power supply and/or external battery charging socket located on the support frame 7; (77). Wheel rotation speed detection sensor; (78). Ground inclination sensor; (79). Power and/or charging socket for external devices located on the support frame 7; (x). Horizontal longitudinal oblique axis; (y). Vertical longitudinal oblique axis with radial direction with respect to the spokeless wheel and the support frame; (z). Main horizontal transverse axis relating to the gear group 4; (z1) Secondary horizontal transverse axis, parallel to the z-axis, relating to the movement pin 66 anchored on the sliding projection 65 of the sliding support element 8; (z2) Secondary horizontal transverse axis, parallel to the z-axis, relating to the worm screw 71 for the bidirectional movement of the adjustment pads along the z-axis; (z3) Horizontal transverse secondary axis, parallel to the z-axis, relative to the raised projection 55 of the locking rod 53 and to the spring-loaded release button 56 of the parking stand and gear coupling/uncoupling lever 9;

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF A PREFERRED EMBODIMENT

[0021] The invention (1) is essentially constituted, according to an indicative description, by the following main mechanical elements, equipment, parts and components:

a. [0021.1] GEAR GROUP indicated by (4) (Fig. 4, 1, 2, 3) essentially consisting of an epicyclic gear train which receives the driving force through the pedal-crank assembly (2) / crankshaft element (3) which is connected to the external connecting hub (18) of the gear group connected in turn to the internal sliding support element (8) through the external bearing (19) and the anchoring elements (33) and (34). The said external connecting hub (18) is keyed onto a freewheel bearing (21) which is in turn connected to the driving rotating carrier or satellite carrier (24) which is able to set in motion the satellite gears (25) interposed between the locked internal toothed crown (23) and the driven central sun gear (26), rotating in the same direction as the carrier, on which it is mounted. keyed to the interlocking and tightening of a toothed wheel gear or adhesion contact (35) which acts on the teeth or adhesion contact placed in correspondence with the internal diameter (38) of the spokeless wheel (5). The said epicyclic gearing is hermetically confined and kept in an oil bath by means of the closing discs (22) anchored to the crown (23) and equipped with hermetic bearings (28). Furthermore, in order to allow the correct classic alternate and opposite pedalling, the external connection hub (18) on the right side of the transmission system is connected to the external connection hub (18) on the left side by means of toothed V-belts (20) tensioned and wrapped around the trapezoidal groove obtained on said hub (18) and on the trapezoidal grooved pedalling distribution hub (31) keyed and fixed on the pedalling distribution shaft/gear (30), parallel and offset with respect to the main axis (z) of the gear set, the end parts of which are inserted into the end bearings (29) fixed on the sliding element (8) placed inside the support frame (7).

The gear set (4) featuring a single transmission ratio, combined and acting in a specific position inside the spokeless wheel (5) thanks to the sliding support element (8) located on the support frame (7), behaves like a fixed gear transmission towards the electric motor (6), i.e. as if it were equipped with a transmission that does not have a freewheel mechanism, while it behaves like a freewheel bicycle towards the pedals 1, i.e. as if it were equipped with a freewheel or one-way joint which is a mechanism that allows the movement between the pinion and the rear wheel to be decoupled when the rotation speed of the pinion is lower than that of the wheel, thanks to the external connection hub (18). This feature represents one of the novel elements of the present invention since for the first time the concept of the ?direct action of the transmission of motion to the wheel? is introduced and combined in a single device with the concept of ?concentrating? all the elements that make up the transmission system in a specific area of the electric bicycle, where normally they cannot be placed, in order to lower the centre of gravity and concentrate the functions of the transmission system in a single point.

b. [0021.2] SPOKED WHEEL indicated by (5) (Fig.1, 2 and 8) is essentially made up of a profile, metal or plastic or wooden or mixed composite, having a double T cross-section, curved and closed on itself in a circular shape (39), which acts as the rim of the wheel, on the internal diameter of which is integrally placed an internal toothed or adhesion ring gear (38), suitable for engaging with the toothed or adhesion gear (35) on whose axis is keyed the driven pinion (26) of the gear group (4), and on whose external diameter it has a rim groove (40) suitable for housing a tire/tyre (41). The particular shape of the spoked wheel (5) gives it the possibility to be positioned and anchored on the support frame (7) thanks to a pair of opposing curvilinear projections (46), having the same circular curved geometry as the double T-profiled rim (39) and equipped with vertical support and sustaining rollers (49) and horizontal guide and spacer rollers (50), positioned internally with respect to the two lateral grooves of the double T-profiled rim (39) and where the rollers (49) come into contact with the internal parts of the wings of said profiled rim (39) while the rollers (50) come into contact with the core of said profiled rim (39) allowing it to slide without friction and therefore the rotation of the spokeless wheel (5) with respect to the support frame (7).

The spokeless wheel (5), combined with the gear group (4) and placed on the support frame (7), represents another of the novel elements of the present invention since the particular shape of the said spokeless wheel (5) and the presence of a crown with internal teeth or grip contact (38) in the internal diameter of this, which in fact constitutes a further and final gear, allows the direct transmission of the driving force and an optimal functioning of the said transmission system in its entirety.

c. [0021.3] SUPPORT FRAME indicated with (7) (Fig.1, 2, 3, 8, 9 and 10) is essentially made up of two exoskeletons, metal or plastic or wooden or mixed/composite, with opposite union having a semi-circular shape developing along the direction of the longitudinal axis of the electric bicycle and having a semi-circular section enveloping the section of the wheel without spokes (5) which are able to house the parts making up the transmission system and also perform the function of a "case" or casing to support and protect them. The two parts making up the support frame (7), right part and left part, are joined through the slots for connection pins (75). In particular, the support frame (7) envelops and entirely houses the sliding element (8), which in turn internally houses the gear group (4) and the electric motor (6). At the same time, the said support frame (7) partially envelops and houses the spokeless wheel (5) through a pair of opposing curvilinear projections (46), anchored to the said frame (7) through the anchoring slots (48), and having the same circular curved geometry as the double-T profiled rim (39) and also equipped with vertical support and sustaining rollers (49) and horizontal guide and spacer rollers (50), suitable for being positioned internally and in contact with the two lateral grooves of the double-T profiled rim (39). The said rollers (49) and (50) are made of soft plastic material or similar and have an internal honeycomb shape so as to absorb impacts, vibrations and noise resulting from contact with the spokeless wheel (5) during its rotation. Furthermore, the said support frame (7) ? able to internally house the battery (10), the power regulation control unit (11), which can be operated via the regulation display (13) located on the handlebars and the brakes (12) which can be operated via levers positioned on the handlebars.

Furthermore, to allow the static use of the bicycle, the support frame (7) houses externally with respect to its structure the parking stand and the coupling/uncoupling lever (9) of the gear group to/from the spokeless wheel, which allows the stable parking of the electric bicycle in a vertical position and its use for static training activities. The said stand (9) also allows the movement of the sliding element (8), along the oblique vertical axis (y) (Fig.9 and 10), by means of the grooves (45) and (63), of the internal sliding tracks (62) and of the external circular projection (67), all present on the support frame (7). Finally, the support frame (7) houses the system for regulating the effort during the static operation of the bicycle which is consisting of two opposing movement adjustment pads (69) which slide on the worm screw (71), equipped with opposing threads, anchored to the support frame (7) through the support and rotation bearings (72) and whose position can be adjusted through the removable knob (74) which can be introduced from the outside through the access slot (60), obtained on the stand/lever (9), when this is aligned with the access slot (61) to the worm screw obtained on the support frame (7). The bidirectional translation of the pads (69) along the rotation axis (z<2>) of the worm screw (71) is permitted by the presence of two transverse sliding rods (73) parallel to said worm screw and anchored at the ends to the support frame (7) so as to avoid the rotation of the elements (69). d. [0021.4] SLIDING SUPPORT ELEMENT indicated with (7.a) (Fig.5, 6, 7, 9 and 10) is essentially made up of two hollow elements, metal or plastic or wooden or mixed/composite, with opposite union having a semicircular lateral shape with a part protruding along the direction of the longitudinal axis of the electric bicycle. The two elements are joined by means of slots for connection pins (75) obtained along the lateral perimeter. The sliding element has the singular characteristic of being movable along the oblique vertical axis (y) by means of the parking stand and coupling/uncoupling lever (9) of the gear group to/from the spokeless wheel. In fact, each hollow element has two projections (65) on the external lateral faces, for sliding inside the track (62) obtained on the internal surface of the support frame (7), and on one of these projections ? anchored a movement pin (66). In the convex internal part, suitable for housing the gear group (4) and the motor (6), the two parts making up the said sliding element (8) have two different types of anchors. The right element has the anchors (33) which constitute the support for the crown (23), while the left element has a semicircular anchor (34), which constitutes the support for the bearing of the toothed wheel gear (35) present on its left side, and offers the anchoring wall for the support (42) which contains the motor (6). Furthermore, each hollow element has a circular slot on the side suitable for housing the external bearing (19) of the gear group. Finally, when the two hollow elements are joined, the lateral recessed shape of the upper part of these allows the toothed wheel (35) to be visible but contained within the circular geometry of the element, while in the lower part the arched geometry of the element allows said toothed wheel (35) to partially emerge outside of it by means of an elastic protective membrane (37) in sliding contact with said toothed wheel. e. [0021.5] COUPLING/UNCOUPLING STAND AND LEVER indicated with (9) (Fig.11, 8, 9, 10 and 11) is essentially made up of two opposing hollow elements, metallic or plastic or wooden or mixed/composite, having a circular lateral shape with a longitudinal protruding part. The two elements are joined by means of slots for connection pins (75) placed in correspondence with the rear part and the opposite front area, near the protruding part, of the lateral perimeter so as to externally wrap part of the support frame (7) in correspondence with the area in which the sliding element (8) is contained. Said hollow elements are anchored, by means of the circular track (68) with which they are equipped in the convex internal part, to the circular projection (67) present externally on the support frame (7) allowing in any case, after pressing the release button (56) of the coupling/uncoupling lever (9), semi-rotation around the transverse axis (z) for a defined angular opening which allows the extreme part of the protruding part constituted by the internal and external fins for distributing the weight on the ground (51) and (52) to pass from the position in contact with the support frame (7) to the position in contact with the ground and vice versa. The movement and final positions of said stand and coupling/uncoupling lever (9) interact with the regulation and control unit (11) to enable functions and activities related to the way in which the electric bicycle is used. Furthermore, the rotation around the transverse axis (z) (Fig. 9 and 10) of said parking stand and coupling/uncoupling lever (9) involves the simultaneous controlled movement by dragging of the sliding support element (8) equipped with a guide (65) that slides inside the sliding track (62) along the direction of the oblique vertical axis (y). In particular, the rotation of said lever (9) involves the relative translation of the oblong slot (64) that houses the terminal part of the projection (66) integral with the sliding element (8) and passing through the fixed slot (63) obtained on the support frame (7).

At the end of the uncoupling manoeuvre, the end parts (51) and (52) of the lever (9) are in contact with the ground, while the toothed wheel gear (35) is in a position close to the effort adjustment system during static operation of the bicycle.

f. [0021.6] ELECTRIC MOTOR indicated with (6) (Fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4) is essentially made up of a brushless direct current electric motor (42), with a power equal to or greater than 250W, equipped with an electronic speed control device and operating sensors which constantly communicates with the regulation and control unit (11) and acts directly on the transmission system of the electric bicycle through the coupling of the toothed wheel or adhesion contact (43) of the motor with the toothed wheel or adhesion contact gear (35) of the gear unit (4) with which it maintains a fixed transmission ratio. The motor (6) is therefore placed, in a manner integral with the gear unit (4), on the sliding element (8) which can be operated and moved by means of the coupling/uncoupling lever (9) of the gear unit (4) with the spokeless wheel (5). In normal mode road riding, the engine (6) through the effort or pressure sensors (44) located on the engine and in the control and regulation unit (11), connected to the wireless regulation display (13) located on the handlebars, allows the thrust or level of electric propulsion to be modulated during riding in accordance with the thrust exerted by the cyclist's legs, thus obviating the presence of the fixed transmission ratio but contributing, at the same time, to simplifying the number of parts making up the transmission system and increasing its overall robustness and simplicity. Furthermore, the engine, in compliance with the national regulations and/or European directive in force and thanks to the connection to the said control and regulation unit (11) and effort or pressure sensors (44), activates automatically only if you are pedalling at the same time, and deactivates immediately when you stop pedalling. Furthermore, the engine also deactivates automatically when the speed limit defined by the said national and/or European regulations is reached. These modes may be deactivated or modified in compliance with the national regulations and/or European directive in force and thanks to the connection to the said control and regulation unit (11) and effort or pressure sensors (44), activates automatically only if you are pedalling at the same time, and deactivates immediately when you stop pedalling. to the evolution of current regulations or directives by replacing the parameters and software data of the control unit (11) and the possibility of modifying the settings that can be operated through the control controller-display (13).

Finally, the engine (6), thanks to the control device with which it is equipped and to the said regulation and control unit (11), when it absorbs mechanical energy becomes a generator of electrical energy and can supply it according to the possible activations deriving from the way in which the invention is used at the specific moment.

During road use, the control unit (11), by means of the effort (44), speed (77) and inclination (78) sensors, is able to automatically interpret braking or travelling down a slope as situations and time periods in which to use the engine (6) as a current generator to recharge the battery (10) or any external battery and then immediately return to normal use as an engine.

During use for static training, the preparatory positioning of the coupling/uncoupling lever (9) in the position in contact with the ground simultaneously communicates to the regulation and control unit (11) that the invention has modified its mode of use, allowing the engine to function as a current generator. Therefore, the cyclist's muscular power exerted on the said electric engine can be used, through the selection on the electric energy switch (15), to recharge the battery (10) or another external battery through the socket (76) or, still in this mode, to charge external devices directly or through the socket (79) connected to the inverter (14).

g. [0021.7] BATTERY indicated with (10) (Fig. 2 and 3) is made up of a 36V rechargeable battery, as an indicative parameter, and at least 500W of power that is not subject to the memory effect. The battery (10) is connected to and powers the motor (6) through the regulation operated by the regulation and control unit (11). The said battery is housed in the support frame (7) in a position such that it can be easily recharged from the outside, by means of the socket (76) housed on the said frame (7) and emerging from it, but not easily removable. To remove the battery (10) it will be necessary to dismantle the support frame (7). The socket (76) can also be used to connect a further external battery to integrate and add to the battery (10) in order to extend its duration or power. Furthermore, the battery (10) is housed in the support frame (7). potentially capable of receiving recharging energy from the engine (6) in both of the two modes of use of the invention; when the invention is in static training mode, by means of the coupling/uncoupling lever (9) which activates the control unit (11), or when the invention is in road riding mode, by means of the regulation control unit which automatically identifies the occurrence of certain situations or choices made by the cyclist;

h. [0021.8] CONTROL AND REGULATION UNIT indicated by (11) ? consists of a computerized electronic device capable of regulating and controlling the operation of the invention through the continuous management of the engine, the power supply, the various sensors and the various devices possibly present on the invention but not forming part of it. The said control unit is housed in the support frame (7) while the manual regulation and selection of the operating parameters can be carried out via a wireless controller-display device or a specific application that can be run via a mobile phone, generally defined as a regulation controller (13). The said regulation and control unit (11) depending on the position of the stand and the coupling/uncoupling lever (9) activates and enables some functions of the regulation controller (13), relating to the selected mode, making them accessible and visible to the cyclist who can thus make choices between the available settings.

i. [0021.9] INVERTER indicated with (14) (Fig.1 and 3) is made up of a small-sized inverter device for converting the direct current produced by the electric motor (6), during the static use mode of the invention in question or when particular and temporary conditions occur during its use on the road, into alternating current in order to be able to power external loads commensurate with the current and power that can be supplied. Said inverter is housed in the support frame (7) in such a position as to be able to make available towards the outside, by means of the socket (79) housed on said frame (7) and emerging from it, the electrical energy generated by the motor (6) used as a generator.

[0022] While the invention has been explained in relation to the preferred embodiments thereof as mentioned above, it is to be understood that many other possible modifications and variations may be made without departing from the scope of the present invention. It is therefore considered that the appended claims cover such modifications and variations as fall within the true scope of the invention.

[0023] For the above reasons, the present invention solves the proposed technical problem.

Claims (10)

Claims 1. Transmission system for electric bicycle (1), equipped with two modes of use, placed internally and tangent to the spokeless wheel on which it is able to act, composed of the following elements: - GEAR GROUP (4) consisting of one or more epicyclic gears arranged in series in which the first input element is constituted by the external connection hub (18), which is connected to the pedal-crank assembly (2) and elements of the crank axle (3), while the last output element is constituted by the toothed wheel or wheel equipped with a surface suitable for improving grip (35), which is tangent and in mesh with the internal circumference of the spokeless wheel (5), and which, thanks to the support frame (7) and the sliding support element (8), which contains it, is able to be positioned internally with respect to the spokeless wheel (5) on which it is able to act by means of said toothed wheel or wheel equipped with a surface suitable for improving grip (35); - SPOKED WHEEL (5) consisting of a rim (39) in the shape of a circular crown, without spokes and the central hub axis of a traditional wheel, where on the external circumference there is a double opposing groove (40) suitable for housing a tyre (41) while on the internal circumference there is placed, in a manner integral with the rim, a crown with internal teeth or a surface suitable for improving grip (38) facing towards the central axis of the wheel and which is suitable for ensuring the transmission of the torque transmitted by the gear group (4), through the contact and the gear on the toothed wheel or a wheel equipped with a surface suitable for improving grip (35) tangent to it; - SUPPORT FRAME (7) consisting of two exoskeletons with opposing union having a semi-circular shape developing along the direction of the longitudinal axis of the electric bicycle and having a semi-circular cross-section suitable for housing and enveloping the section of the wheel without spokes (5) and suitable for being joined together, by means of connection systems or slots for connection pins (75), and joined to the entire load-bearing frame of the bicycle by means of movable anchors (17); said exoskeletons, in the internal part, are both equipped with a curvilinear projection (46), on which are placed support and vertical support rollers (49) and horizontal guide and spacer rollers (50), suitable for allowing the movement of the wheel (5) inside them; furthermore, said exoskeletons, in the internal part, are able to house the sliding support element (8), the power regulation control unit (11), the battery (10), the inverter (14) and the brakes (12) while in the external part they are able to house the parking stand and the coupling/uncoupling lever (9), the external power and/or charging sockets (76) and (79) and the energy diverter (15); - SLIDING SUPPORT ELEMENT (8) consisting of two hollow elements with opposite union, of semicircular shape with a longitudinal protruding part, suitable to be joined, by means of connection systems or slots for connection pins (75), to slide along the oblique vertical axis (y) by means of the external sliding projections (65), inside the tracks (62) placed inside the support frame (7) and to contain and house inside them the gear group (4), anchored to the internal walls of said element by means of the supports (33) and (34), and the motor (6), anchored through the support (42) to an internal wall of said element; - PARKING STAND AND COUPLING/UNCOUPLING LEVER (9) consisting of two hollow elements with opposite union, of circular shape with a longitudinal protruding part, suitable to be joined by means of connection systems or slots for connection pins (75) and to externally wrap part of the support frame (7), in correspondence with the area in which it is located. contained in the sliding support element (8), and which are suitable for being connected, by means of the circular tracks (68) with which they are equipped on the internal part, to the circular projections (67) present externally on said support frame (7) and, by means of the sliding track/guide (64) with which they are equipped on the internal part, to the movement pins (66) present on the sliding support element (8), allowing in any case, after pressing the release button (56) of the parking stand and coupling/uncoupling lever (9), semi-rotation around the transverse horizontal axis (z) for a defined angular opening which allows the terminal point of said protruding part, equipped with the internal and external fins for distributing the weight on the ground (51) and (52), to pass from the position in contact with the support frame (7) to the position in contact with the ground and vice versa; - ELECTRIC MOTOR (6) consisting of a brushless electric motor made up of a stator and rotor, housed in a container element (42), powered by the battery (10) and connected through the toothed wheel keyed onto the engine distribution shaft (43) to the toothed wheel or wheel equipped with a surface designed to improve the grip (35) of the gear group (4); said electric motor is also able to function alternatively as a current generator and is also equipped with a stress sensor (44) which transmits the information to a regulation and control unit (11); - BATTERY (10) for powering the electric motor (6) located inside the support frame (7) and suitable for also powering the sensors, the lighting system and any other devices present on the bicycle; said battery is also equipped with a power socket (76) suitable for receiving, even without removing it from its housing in the support frame (7), recharging from the external electrical network or for connecting to an external auxiliary battery; said battery (10) can also be charged by the motor (6) when this is used as a current generator. - CONTROL AND REGULATION UNIT (11) consisting of an electronic device capable of regulating and controlling the power transmitted by the electric motor (6) to the gear set (4) or, when said electric motor functions as a generator, the use of the energy produced and which receives and implements the settings selected by the cyclist through the regulation controller-display (13) normally located on the handlebars; said control unit (11), positioned inside the support frame (7), is also equipped with a sensor for detecting the rotation speed of the wheel (77), a sensor for the inclination of the bicycle with respect to the ground (78) and receives information from the effort sensor (44) of the electric motor (6); - INVERTER (14) consisting of an inverter device for converting the direct current produced by the electric motor (6), when used as a generator, into alternating current in order to power an external battery or additional external loads; said inverter (14) is positioned in the support frame (7) in such a position as to be able to make the electrical energy generated by the motor (6) used as a generator available to the outside, by means of the socket (79) housed on said frame (7) and emerging from it. characterized by the fact that: - the position of the gear group (4), of the electric motor (6) and of the pedal-crank group (2) and elements of the crank axle (3), thanks to the shape and structure of the support frame (7) which is able to house and hold together the component parts of the transmission system, is within the area of the circle delimited by the internal diameter of the circular crown made up of the spokeless wheel (5) on which the said transmission system is able to act; - the said transmission system (1) has two modes of use, a "road driving mode" and a "motorcycle mode". of static training use?, selectable by the cyclist by means of an action on the release button (56) of the stand and coupling/uncoupling lever (9) which, by releasing its movement, allows its semi-rotation around the transverse horizontal axis (z), for a given angular opening, with respect to the support frame (7) and which also involves, thanks to the presence on said parking stand and coupling/uncoupling lever (9) of the sliding rail/guide (64) and the sliding slot (63) on the support frame (7), the dragging of the through movement pin (66) anchored to the sliding element (8) and the consequent controlled translation of the latter along the direction of the vertical oblique axis (y), in both directions, inside the support frame (7); - each of the two modes the use of the transmission system (1) corresponds to a specific position, around the transverse axis (z), of the stand and coupling/uncoupling lever (9) which is associated with a consequent position, along the direction of the vertical oblique axis (y), of the sliding support element (8) which contains the gear group (4) and the electric motor (6) inside it; - when the transmission system is in ?road driving mode? the toothed wheel or wheel equipped with a surface designed to improve the grip (35) of the gear set (4), which in said mode is in a tangent position with respect to the spokeless wheel (5) thanks to the position of the sliding support element (8) which contains it, engages directly with the internal toothing or internal grip contact (38) located in correspondence with the internal diameter of the spokeless wheel (5) on which it acts; - when the transmission system is in the ?static training use mode? the toothed wheel or wheel equipped with a surface designed to improve the grip (35) of the gear group (4), which in said mode is located near the effort adjustment pads (69) placed in a diametrically opposite position to the internal toothing or internal grip contact (38) thanks to the movement along the vertical oblique axis (y) of the sliding element (8) which contains it, assumes a position such as to allow an adjustable opposing friction action on the lateral faces of the latter by adjusting the position of said pads (69), on which the sliding contact elements (70) are housed, which can be exercised through an external action of the cyclist on the removable adjustment knob (74) which, via the access slot (61), can act on the worm screw (71) whose longitudinal axis (z2) is parallel to the transverse horizontal axis (z) and whose ends are placed in the support bearings (72) anchored on the support frame (7); 2. Transmission system for electric bicycle (1), equipped with two modes of use, placed internally and tangent to the spokeless wheel on which it is able to act, according to claim 1, characterised in that said gear group (4) is made up of at least one epicyclic gear train which has, at the input on the right side, an external connection hub (18) which is connected to the element of the crank axle (3), from which it receives the propulsive force of the cyclist, and which at the same time is keyed onto a freewheel bearing (21) which is in turn connected to the rotating driving train carrier (24) which is capable of acting and rotating the meshing satellite gears (25) placed between the internal toothed crown (23), blocked and anchored by means of the anchors (33) and (34) inside the sliding support element (8) placed inside the support frame (7), and the driven central pinion (26), capable of rotating in the same direction as the train carrier, keyed by means of the freewheel bearing (27) on the axis (z) of the toothed wheel or a wheel equipped with a surface suitable for improving grip (35); furthermore, the said epicyclic gearing is hermetically confined and kept in an oil bath by means of the closing discs (22) anchored to the internal toothed crown (23) and equipped with hermetic bearings (28); 3. Transmission system for electric bicycle (1), equipped with two modes of use, placed internally and tangent to the spokeless wheel on which it is able to act, according to claims 1 and 2, characterised in that the gear group (4) is equipped with an external connection hub (18) on the right side of the transmission system which is coaxial and connected to the external connection hub (18) on the left side not directly, due to the presence of the said gear trains in between, but through two toothed V-belts (20) each tensioned and wrapped around the toothed trapezoidal groove obtained on the said hubs (18) and on the trapezoidal-groove pedalling distribution hub (31) keyed and fixed on the pedalling distribution shaft (30), placed in a parallel position with respect to the horizontal transverse axis (z) of the gear group (4), the end parts of which are inserted into the end bearings (29) also fixed inside the sliding support element (8); 4. Transmission system for electric bicycle (1), equipped with two modes of use, positioned internally and tangent to the spokeless wheel on which it is able to act, according to claim 1, characterised in that the spokeless wheel (5) is made up of a rim (39) having the shape of a circular crown with a double T cross-section which, thanks to its conformation, can be confined within the support frame (7) by means of the two internal curvilinear projections (46) positioned in an opposite manner and which partially follow its circular shape, penetrating the space between the wings and the core of said double T section and ensuring its correct and stable positioning with respect to said support frame (7). 5. Transmission system for electric bicycle (1), equipped with two modes of use, placed internally and tangent to the spokeless wheel on which it is able to act, according to claim 1, characterised in that each of the two exoskeletons that make up the support frame (7) has, in correspondence with the area that houses the sliding support element (8) and the parking stand and coupling / uncoupling lever (9), the following elements: - an oblong central slot (45) suitable for allowing the movement of the external connection hub (18) of the gear group (4) along the direction of the vertical oblique axis (y); - a sliding slot (63), having a rectilinear path, designed to allow the movement inside it of the through movement pin (66), anchored to the sliding support element (8), along the direction of the vertical oblique axis (y); - an access slot (61) to the worm screw (71) to allow the insertion of the removable adjustment knob (74). - a circular projection (67) placed on the external side and designed to connect with the circular track (68) placed on the internal side of the parking stand and coupling/uncoupling lever (9) to allow the semi-rotation of the latter for a defined angular amplitude; - two sliding tracks (62), one of which is placed astride the sliding slot (63), placed on the internal side and suitable for connecting to the sliding projection (65) of the sliding support element (8); 6. Transmission system for electric bicycle (1), equipped with two modes of use, placed internally and tangent to the spokeless wheel on which it is mounted. capable of acting, according to claims 1 and 4, characterised in that each of the two exoskeletons that make up the support frame (7) has, in correspondence with the part that envelops and partially houses the spokeless wheel (5), a projection (46), anchored internally to said exoskeleton by means of the anchoring slots (48) and having the same circular curved geometry as the double-T profiled rim (39) and also equipped with vertical support and sustaining rollers (49), arranged for contact with the wings of said profile, and with horizontal guide and spacer rollers (50), arranged for contact with the core of said profile, capable of positioning itself internally with respect to each of the two lateral grooves of the double-T profiled rim (39) and in contact with the wings and core of this when said support frame (7) is assembled; in particular, the said rollers (49) and (50) are made of soft plastic or similar material and have an internal honeycomb or similar shape; 7. Transmission system for electric bicycle (1), equipped with two modes of use, placed internally and tangent to the spokeless wheel on which it is able to act, according to claim 1, characterised in that each of the two opposing hollow elements constituting the sliding support element (8) is also equipped with: - on the external side, of two sliding projections (65) parallel to the vertical oblique axis (y) on one of which is anchored a movement pin (66) which, passing through the sliding slot (63) obtained on the support frame (7), is placed inside the sliding guide (64) present on the internal side of each of the opposing hollow elements constituting the parking stand and coupling/uncoupling lever (9) thus creating a connection between the latter and said sliding support element (8); said connection is designed to allow the movement of the sliding element (8) with respect to the support element (7) by means of external actions exerted on the coupling/uncoupling lever (9); - on the lower part, of a protective membrane (37) of the gear group and the motor which allows only that part of the toothed wheel gear or wheel equipped with a surface suitable for improving grip (35) to come out which comes into contact with the internal toothed part or grip contact (38) of the spokeless wheel (5); 8. Transmission system for electric bicycle (1), equipped with two modes of use, placed internally and tangent to the spokeless wheel on which it is able to act, according to claim 1, characterised in that the parking stand and coupling/uncoupling lever (9) is equipped with: - a spring-loaded release button (56), which can be operated by external pressure from the cyclist, designed to drag the locking rod (53) which, by sliding inside the part of the track (68) which extends internally along the protruding part of said stand, allows it to come out from one of the radial anchoring slots present in at least two possible specific positions of the circular projection (67), present on the support frame (7) and which houses the circular part of said track (68), thus carrying out the release and the consequent possibility of rotation of said stand (9) around the transverse horizontal axis (z) to reach one of the two distinct positions available associated with said radial anchoring slots, one linked to the "road riding mode" and the other linked to the "static training mode", where the locking rod (53) can return to anchoring itself again thanks to the push spring (58); - a sliding guide (64) obtained on the internal side of each of the opposing hollow elements which is able to house inside it, but without permanently blocking it, the terminal part of the movement pin (66) obtained on the sliding support element (8) which, passing through the rectilinear groove (63) obtained on the support frame (7), is able to drag the sliding element (8) along the vertical oblique axis (y) when the said stand (9) is affected by a rotation for a given angular amplitude around the axis (z); - an access slot (60) which, when aligned with the other access slot (61), obtained on the support frame (7), allows the removable adjustment knob (74) to be inserted from the outside for connection to the worm screw (71) used to move the effort adjustment pads (69) acting on the toothed wheel gear or contact grip (35). 9. Transmission system for electric bicycle (1), equipped with two modes of use, placed internally and tangent to the spokeless wheel on which it is able to act, according to claim 1, characterised in that the electric motor (6), through the toothed or grip contact wheel (43) keyed to the engine distribution shaft, is always in direct contact with the toothed or grip contact wheel (35) of the gear group (4) and its operation is implemented and regulated by means of the power regulation control unit (11) suitable for detecting the data coming from the effort or pressure sensor (44), from the wheel rotation speed detection sensor (77) and from the inclination sensor with respect to the ground (78), according to the settings chosen by the cyclist by means of the controller-display (13) placed near the handlebars of the bicycle and connected to it by means of wired electric cables or wireless systems; 10. Transmission system for electric bicycle (1), equipped with two modes of use, placed internally and tangent to the spokeless wheel on which it is able to act, according to claim 1, characterised in that the electric motor (6) is in particular equipped with a polarity inversion system, which can be activated by means of the parking stand and coupling/uncoupling lever (9) when it is positioned in the "static training use mode", capable of allowing the use of said motor as a direct current generator for recharging the battery (10) supplied with the bicycle itself, or another external battery and/or possible external user, using the cyclist's muscular strength; said polarity inversion can be activated by the regulation and control unit (11) even when the parking stand and coupling/uncoupling lever (9) is positioned in the "road riding use mode" by braking action on the brakes (12) or downhill by means of the inclination sensor (78) or based on the cyclist's selection on the controller-display (13).