JP2000316298A - Starter generator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a starter generator which can eliminate a converter circuit to reduce the size, weight and cost, can improve the utilization efficiency of motor coils by always utilizing the coils and can output a stable output voltages of two systems. SOLUTION: A starter generator for a small size universal engine is composed of a part functioning as a starter motor which comprises a motor coil 1, a motor driver 2, a rotor position sensor 3, a voltage control circuit 4 which controls the output voltage generated by utilizing the motor coil 1, etc., and a part functioning as a generator which comprises a generator coil 7, an inverter circuit 8, a field coil 9, a regulator circuit 10 which controls current application to the field coil 9 to control the field, etc. With this constitution, an AC voltage of 100 V which is stabilized by the regulator circuit 10 by utilizing the output of the generator coil 7 can be obtained and a DC voltage of 12 V which is stabilized by the voltage control circuit 4 by utilizing the motor coil 1 as a generating coil can be obtained.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a starting / generator for a small general-purpose engine or the like, and more particularly to an output voltage of a starting generator when two systems of output voltage are simultaneously extracted from a generator having a field coil. The present invention relates to an effective technique applied to a control method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, in many small general-purpose engines, a starter motor for starting the engine and a generator for power generation driven by the engine are often mounted separately. However, despite the fact that the motor and the generator have the same basic configuration, the starter motor is used only at the time of starting, and the magnet generator is used after the starting. Therefore, conventionally, a development of a starting generator in which a rotor and a stator of a generator are used as a field element and an armature of a starter motor has been attempted.

In this case, a so-called outer rotor type in which a rotor having magnetic poles is arranged outside a stator is widely known as a starting generator. When the starting generator is used as a starter motor, when a power from a power supply is supplied to a starting winding and a magnetic field formed by an interaction between a magnetic field formed by a magnetic pole of a rotor and a magnetic field generated by a magnetic pole of a rotor, a rotational force is created, and The shaft is rotated and the engine is started. When the engine is used as a magnet generator after starting, a magnetic flux from a magnetic pole of a rotor rotated by a crankshaft acts on a power generation winding to generate an electromotive force.

[0004]

Meanwhile, among the above-mentioned starting generators, a recent generator of a type called an inverter type, which outputs a sine-wave alternating current, for example, 100 V AC, using an electronic circuit is mainly used. It is. In addition to the AC output, there is a high need for a DC output mainly for the purpose of charging the battery, and both types of engine generators, that is, those that output an AC high voltage (100 V AC) and a DC low voltage (for example, 12 V DC) are proposed. Have been.

[0005] In such a generator, a DC power supply is required for circuit control because the generator output is AC100V using an electronic circuit called an inverter. Also,
It has a field coil for field control, and a DC power supply is also required to energize this field coil. Further, when a starter (motor) function is provided in addition to the power generation function, a DC power supply is required to supplement the battery for driving the motor.

For example, there are field coils and two systems (A
C100V, DC12V) In a starting generator that combines the power generation function for taking out the output voltage and the starter function, for example, as shown in FIG. Is turned off to stop the power generation operation of the motor coil 1, to generate AC 100 V from the electromotive force generated in the generator coil 7 via the inverter circuit 8, and further from the AC 100 V via the converter circuit 12. DC12V.

As described above, in such a starting generator, a DC power supply is produced based on AC100V produced by an inverter. As means therefor, a converter circuit composed of a DC / DC converter, a transformer + rectifier, and the like is required, but all have a problem that they are large in size and cost and weight increase. Further, to have a function of outputting a DC voltage externally (for charging a battery, for example), a larger size is required. In the case of the starter function, the motor coil does not perform any function after the engine is started.

In the starting generator, it is possible to use a motor coil for starting the engine to generate a DC voltage and to use the motor coil to create a DC power supply. In the case of field control using a coil, there is a problem that a stable DC power supply cannot be obtained because the effective magnetic flux changes depending on the value of the field current. Further, it is considered that the fluctuation of the DC power supply affects the AC power supply.

Therefore, an object of the present invention is to focus on the necessity of the converter circuit as described above, the problem of the efficiency of use of the motor coil, the stability of the voltage, and the like. The cost is reduced, and the coil utilization rate is improved by always using the motor coil.
An object of the present invention is to provide a starting generator capable of extracting an output voltage of a system.

[0010]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention comprises a stator on which an armature coil is wound, and a rotor rotatably disposed on the stator, and operates as a starter motor when the engine is started. The present invention is applied to a starting generator that operates as a generator after the engine is started, and has the following features.

That is, the starting motor of the present invention has a field coil as the field means and, when operated as a generator, uses the field coil to make the first voltage of the power generation output constant. First voltage control means for performing control using a field current; and open-type voltage control for operating a generator so that a second voltage of an output voltage different from the first voltage is constant. And a second voltage control means for performing the operation.

[0012] Thus, in the case of taking out outputs of two systems having different voltages by using a generator of the field control system, control using the field current is performed so that the first voltage of one of the main power generation outputs becomes constant. And the control to keep the second output voltage of the other sub-voltage constant can be performed by open-type voltage control.

[0013] In this configuration, the armature coil has the first coil for the generator and the second coil for the starter motor independently, so that when the armature coil is operated as a starter motor, the second coil is used. When operated as a generator, the first voltage can be generated by using the first coil, and the second voltage can be generated by using the second coil as a coil for power generation. Power can be generated.

Further, the first voltage is an AC high voltage, the second voltage is a DC low voltage, and the second voltage control means is PWM.
(Pulse Width Modulation) system or SCR phase control system or the like to control by a chopper system to output an AC high voltage such as AC100V by field control and output a DC low voltage such as DC12V by using an open type regulator. Will be able to

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic functional configuration diagram showing a main circuit portion of a starting generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

First, a schematic functional configuration example of the starting generator according to the present embodiment will be described with reference to FIG.

The starting generator according to the present embodiment has, for example, both a small general-purpose engine starting device and a power generating device, and has an armature coil composed of two types of coils, a motor coil and a generator coil. It has a portion that operates as a starter motor when the engine is started, and a portion that operates as a generator after the engine is started.

The part that operates as a starter motor has three parts.
Motor coil 1 with phase Y connection and motor coil 1
A motor driver 2 for controlling the energization of the motor, a rotor position sensor 3 for detecting the position of the rotor, and a voltage control circuit 4 as second voltage control means for performing output voltage control during power generation operation using the motor coil 1. A diode 5 connected between both terminals of the voltage control circuit 4 and a motor driver 2
And a battery 6 for supplying a voltage to the rotor position sensor 3 and the like.

The motor driver 2 is connected to each phase of the motor coil 1 and has, for example, an FET bridge circuit composed of a plurality of FETs. Is commutated. The FET bridge circuit of the motor driver 2 is connected between the power supply voltage supplied from the battery 6 via the diode 5 and the ground voltage. Further, a rotor position sensor 3 is connected to the motor driver 2, and this detection signal is used to control the commutation of the motor coil 1.

The voltage control circuit 4 is connected to each phase of the motor coil 1 via the motor driver 2 and, for example, a PWM
Circuit or a chopper type control circuit such as the SCR phase control method. The three-phase alternating current is full-wave rectified by the parasitic diode built into the FET of the FET bridge circuit of the motor driver 2, and the control circuit of the voltage control circuit 4 Open control is performed so that the output voltage becomes constant, and a constant DC voltage is output. For example, as a DC voltage, the PWM is controlled so as to maintain a DC low voltage of DC12V.
Alternatively, constant voltage control is performed by switching control of intermittent energization of a chopping method such as SCR phase control.

The parts that operate as a generator include a generator coil 7 with three-phase Y connection, an inverter circuit 8 for converting the power output from the generator coil 7 into an AC output, and a field coil for performing field control. 9 and a regulator circuit 10 as first voltage control means for controlling the energization of the field coil 9 to perform control using the field current.

The inverter circuit 8 is connected to each phase of the generator coil 7 and generates an AC output using the output from the generator coil 7 by this inverter circuit 8, for example, outputs AC high voltage of 100 V AC. .

The regulator circuit 10 is connected to the field coil 9, and the energization of the field coil 9 is controlled by the regulator circuit 10, and the field current is controlled so that the output of the AC voltage from the inverter circuit 8 becomes constant. The used control is performed to output a constant AC voltage. By controlling the energization of the field coil 9, the output potential of the generator is determined.
The AC output is monitored to control the AC output to be always constant.

In the above-described configuration, the armature coil wound around the stator of the brushless motor, in particular, includes a motor coil 1 having both a function of starting the motor and a function of outputting a low DC voltage, and a generator for outputting a high AC voltage. And two types of coils 7 which are independently and separately wound. The winding specification of the motor coil 1 is such that the no-load rotation speed is equal to or less than the rated rotation speed (1
/ 2/3).

Although not shown, the brushless motor is, for example, an outer rotor type, and the above-described two types of armature coils, the motor coil 1 and the generator coil 7, are wound around a stator, and a rotor is provided around the stator. It is arranged rotatably. The brushless motor is directly connected to the crankshaft of the engine.

Next, with respect to the operation of the present embodiment, the respective operations at the time of operating the motor to operate as a starter motor and at the time of generating power to operate as a generator will be described.

First, when the motor is operated to operate as a starter motor when the engine is started, a voltage having a phase corresponding to a drive signal is applied from a motor driver 2 to a motor coil 1 of an armature coil in a brushless motor. The rotor is rotated by the interaction between the rotating magnetic field formed by energizing the motor coil 1 and the magnetic field generated by the magnetic poles of the rotor. The position of this rotating rotor is
It is measured every moment by detecting with the rotor position sensor 3. Then, the measurement information is transmitted to the motor driver 2, and the motor driver 2 continuously and stably rotates the rotor.

Further, when the engine is started, the motor driver 2 automatically stops transmitting the drive signal based on the detection signal from the rotor position sensor 3 and switches from the motor to the generator. Then, during a power generation operation for operating as a generator, the rotor connected to the crankshaft rotates around the stator. For this reason, the magnetic flux from the magnetic poles of the rotor forms a rotating magnetic field to cut off the generator coil 7 and the motor coil 1 of the armature coil, and an electromotive force is generated in the generator coil 7 and the motor coil 1.

For example, the electromotive force generated in the generator coil 7 is converted into an AC output by an inverter circuit 8 connected thereto, taken out as an AC high voltage of 100 V AC, and supplied to a desired load. At this time, the energization of the field coil 9 is controlled by the regulator circuit 10, and the field control using the field coil 9 allows
It is possible to control so that the output of AC100V is always constant even if the load changes.

The electromotive force generated in the motor coil 1 is full-wave rectified by a parasitic diode built in the FET of the FET bridge circuit of the motor driver 2 connected to the motor coil 1, and the output voltage is kept constant by the voltage control circuit 4. Open control is performed so that the DC low voltage DC12
And supplied to a desired load. For example, DC12V is used for supplementary charging of the battery 6.

As described above, according to the starting generator of the present embodiment, the armature coil is composed of the two types of the motor coil 1 and the generator coil 7, and the output voltage control during the power generation operation using the motor coil 1 is performed. And a regulator circuit 10 that controls the energization of the field coil 9 to perform control using the field current, so that when the engine is started, the motor coil 1 is used to operate as a starter motor. After the engine is started, a constant AC high voltage can be generated by using the output from the generator coil 7 and the motor coil 1 can be controlled to be constant by using the motor coil 1 as a generating coil. DC low voltage can be made.

Therefore, two stable output voltages of an AC high voltage and a DC low voltage can be taken out, and this DC voltage does not have to be generated from the AC output from the inverter circuit 8, as in the conventional case. A converter circuit such as a DC / DC converter or a step-down transformer can be omitted or significantly reduced in size, and the output of the inverter circuit 8 can be reduced accordingly, so that the starting generator can be reduced in size, weight and cost. it can. Further, conventionally, the motor coil 1 that has been idle after the engine is started can always be used, so that the effect of using the coil can be improved.

The present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and it goes without saying that various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention. For example, in the above-described embodiment, the starting generator of a small general-purpose engine has been described as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and a plurality of coils are independently wound to generate a plurality of power supply voltages. The present invention can also be applied as a multiple (power) voltage generator.

[0034]

As described above, according to the starting generator of the present invention, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) A first voltage control means having a field coil as field means and performing field control using the field coil, and a second voltage control means performing open type voltage control. By having this, the field control can be performed so that the first voltage becomes constant, and the control that makes the second voltage constant can be performed by open-type voltage control.
It is possible to take out two stable outputs with different voltages.

(2). The armature coil is the first for the generator.
In order to operate as a generator by independently having the coil of the second and the second coil for the starter motor, the first coil
A high voltage of AC can be output by the field control using the coil of (1), and a low DC voltage can be output by the open type regulator by using the second coil as a coil for power generation, so that a DC voltage is generated. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the size, weight, and cost of the starting generator by omitting or downsizing the converter circuit and downsizing the inverter circuit.

(3) By using the second coil for the starter motor as the coil for power generation, the motor coil can be always used even after the engine is started.
It is possible to improve the use effect of the coil.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic functional configuration diagram showing a main circuit portion of a starting generator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic functional configuration diagram showing a main circuit portion of a starting generator as a premise of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Motor coil 2 Motor driver 3 Rotor position sensor 4 Voltage control circuit 5 Diode 6 Battery 7 Generator coil 8 Inverter circuit 9 Field coil 10 Regulator circuit 11 Switch 12 Converter circuit

Continued on the front page F term (reference) 5G060 AA08 AA20 BA02 CA03 CA13 5H590 AA03 AA04 AA10 CA07 CC01 CC18 CC24 CC34 CD01 CD03 CE05 DD23 DD64 EA01 EA10 EA13 EB02 EB12 EB21 FA06 FA08 FB02 FB05 FC14 FC17 GA02 HA02 HA11

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A stator having an armature coil wound thereon and a rotor rotatably disposed with respect to the stator, operating as a starter motor when starting the engine, and generating electric power after starting the engine. A starting generator that operates as a motor, has a field coil as its field means, and when operating as the generator, the first voltage of the power generation output is constant using the field coil. Voltage control means for performing control using a field current as described above, and when operating as the generator, open such that a second voltage of an output voltage different from the first voltage is constant. A second voltage control means for performing mold voltage control. 2. The starting generator according to claim 1, wherein the armature coil has a first coil for the generator and a second coil for the starter motor independently. When operating as the starter motor, the second motor
When using the first coil to control and operate as the generator, the first voltage is generated by using the first coil, and the second voltage is generated by using the second coil as a power generation coil. A starting generator, wherein the starting voltage is controlled to generate a voltage. 3. The starting generator according to claim 2, wherein the first voltage is an AC high voltage, the second voltage is a DC low voltage, and the second voltage control means is a PWM system. A starting generator controlled by a chopper method such as SCR phase control.