JP2001012739A - Combustor for gas turbine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To optimize a mixing ratio of fuel and compressed air in a combustor cylinder and improve exhaust gas components by fixing an inner cylinder disposed in an outer cylinder which is attached to a turbine casing, to the outer cylinder through a flow equalizing member. SOLUTION: An inner cylinder 11 is disposed in an outer cylinder 15 while being integrally fixed to a flow control member consisting of a swirl plate 19 which is fixed to the outer cylinder 15. A fuel injection nozzle 12 and a swirler 13 are fixed to a cover 14 with a bolt at an upper portion of the inner cylinder 11. Compressed air passes from inside a turbine casing 18 through the swirl plate 19 to bring about one directional large swirling flow by the swirl plate 19, and directed to the inner cylinder 11 via air intake ports 11-1 at the upper portion of the inner cylinder and via the swirler 13. The fuel which has been supplied from outside and injected from the fuel injection nozzle 12 is mixed, at an appropriate mixing ratio, with the compressed air which has passed through the air intake ports 11-a and the swirler 13.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an improvement in a gas turbine combustor which optimizes a mixing ratio of fuel and compressed air in a combustor inner cylinder and improves an exhaust gas component.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 6 is a schematic sectional view of a conventional gas turbine combustor. In FIG. 6, a combustor inner cylinder 1 is bolted together with a cover 4 inside the combustor outer cylinder 5 by bolting.
The combustion injection nozzle 2 and the swirler 3 are fixed to the cover 4 with bolts on the upper part of the inner cylinder 1. The outer cylinder 5 is attached to a turbine casing 8 at a lower portion thereof, and a rectifying plate 7 having turning plates 9 arranged radially is arranged between the outer cylinder 5 and the inner cylinder 1 and fixed to the outer cylinder 5 side. Have been. A plurality of air intake ports 1-a are provided on the entire surface of the inner cylinder 1.

[0003] In the combustor having such a structure, the compressed air enters from below the inner cylinder 1 from between the respective swirling plates 9 of the current plate 7. The current plate 7 has a function of providing a large swirling flow in one direction, and compressed air is supplied to the inside of the inner cylinder 1 through an air intake port and a swirler 3 provided in an upper partition of the inner cylinder. On the other hand, fuel is injected from the outside into the inner cylinder 1 by the fuel injection nozzle 2, mixed with compressed air at an appropriate mixing ratio, ignited by the spark of the ignition plug 6 generated inside the inner cylinder, and burned. The combustion gas discharged from the inner cylinder 1 drives a turbine, and thereafter is discharged to the atmosphere.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In an internal combustion engine,
It is essential to improve fuel efficiency and reduce pollution, and therefore, it is important to improve the degree of mixing between fuel and compressed air and the combustion performance. However, in the structure of the conventional combustor shown in FIG. 6, a Karman vortex is generated near the air intake of the upper partition wall of the inner cylinder 5, and an imbalance in clearance between the inner cylinder 1 and the outer cylinder 5 causes Significant pressure loss and reduced swirl flow have occurred, resulting in deterioration of fuel economy, combustion performance and exhaust gas components. An object of the present invention is to improve such a problem, optimize a mixing ratio of fuel and compressed air in a combustor inner cylinder, and improve exhaust gas components.

[0005]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In order to solve the above problems, the present invention provides an outer cylinder mounted on a turbine casing, an inner cylinder disposed inside the outer cylinder, and an end of the outer cylinder. A fuel injection nozzle attached to the covering cover for injecting fuel into the inner cylinder, a spark plug for generating a spark in the inner cylinder, and compressed air formed between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder In a gas turbine combustor provided with a rectifying member provided with a swirl plate for circulating compressed air at an introduction portion of the gas turbine, the inner cylinder is fixed to the outer cylinder via the rectifying member, and the inner cylinder is fixed to the same rectifying member. Characterized by being supported by:

In the apparatus of the present invention, the inner cylinder is fixed to the outer cylinder via the rectifying member, and the inner cylinder is supported by the rectifying member. This eliminates the need for the upper partition of the inner cylinder, thereby improving the vortex flow and pressure loss generated at the upper part of the inner cylinder, and forming a smooth air flow.

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2, an inner cylinder 11 is disposed inside an outer cylinder 15, and the inner cylinder 11 is integrally fixed to a rectifying member including a revolving plate 19 fixed to the outer cylinder 15. A fuel injection nozzle 12 and a swirler 13 are fixed to a cover 14 by bolts at an upper portion of the inner cylinder 11.

In this apparatus, the compressed air passes through the swirl plate 19 from inside the turbine casing 18 and is provided with a large swirl flow in one direction by the swirl plate 19, so that the air intake 11-a and the swirler 13 at the upper part of the inner cylinder are provided. It is further introduced into the inner cylinder 11. On the other hand, fuel supplied from the outside and injected from the fuel injection nozzle 12 is supplied to the air intake port 11-a.
The air is mixed with the compressed air passing through the swirler 13 at an appropriate mixing ratio, and is loaded and burned by the spark of the ignition plug 16 generated inside the inner cylinder.

According to this device, since the lower portion of the inner cylinder 11 is supported by the revolving plate 19, the upper partition wall of the inner cylinder, which has conventionally caused the occurrence of Karman vortex, can be eliminated. The vortex flow and pressure loss generated in the upper part of the cylinder can be improved, and a smooth air flow can be formed. In addition, since the inner cylinder 11 and the swirl plate 19 are integrated, a larger swirl flow can be given to the compressed air than before, whereby the mixing ratio with the fuel in the inner cylinder is improved, and the fuel efficiency and exhaust gas Ingredients are improved.

Next, another embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In FIG. 3, the inner cylinder 11 is
1 and an inner ring 22 to form a double structure. FIG. 3 shows a support structure of the inner cylinder 5. The rectifying member provided between the outer cylinder 15 and the inner cylinder 11 is configured by arranging a plurality of revolving plates 19 at an appropriate angle with respect to the flow of compressed air.
9 is fixed to the outer cylinder 15 and the turbine casing 18 on the one hand by bolting, and is integrated with the outer ring 21 of the inner cylinder 11 by butt welding or brazing. A spring plate 22-a is brazed to and integrated with the inner ring 22 of the inner cylinder 11, and the spring plate 22-a is inserted into the outer ring 21 and supported. The outer ring 21 and the inner ring 22 of the outer cylinder 11 are provided with a plurality of air intake ports 11-a. Other configurations of the present embodiment are the same as those of the embodiment of FIGS.

According to this device, since the lower portion of the inner cylinder 11 is supported by the revolving plate 19, it is possible to eliminate the upper partition wall of the inner cylinder which has conventionally caused a Karman vortex or the like. The vortex flow and pressure loss generated at the upper part of the cylinder can be improved, a smooth air flow can be formed, and the outer ring 21 of the inner cylinder 11 and the revolving plate 19 are integrated, so that compressed air A larger swirl flow can be provided, whereby the mixing ratio with fuel in the inner cylinder is improved, and fuel efficiency and exhaust gas components are improved. Further, since the inner ring 22 of the inner cylinder is inserted into and supported by the outer ring 21 by the spring plate 22-a, the heat elongation can be absorbed, and the assembling and disassembling of the combustor becomes easy, so that there is an advantage that the maintainability is improved. . Outer ring 21 and inner ring 2
By introducing a part of the compressed air as cooling air between the inner ring 22 and the inner ring 22, the inner ring 22 can be cooled effectively.

Next, still another embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. 4 to 6, in the present apparatus, the outer ring 31 of the combustor inner cylinder 11 is fixed by welding or brazing to the rectifying plates 33 radially arranged at a plurality of locations around the entire circumference, and the inner ring 32 is connected to the rectifying plate 33 by the inner ring 32. It is fixed in a state of being inserted into the hole provided in. However, if this state is not maintained, the inner ring 32 is not sufficiently fixed, and vibration occurs during steady combustion. Therefore, as shown in FIG. The inner ring 32 was tightly fitted to the rectifying plate 33 by thermal expansion to prevent rattling. As shown in FIG. 4, a groove 34 is provided on the inner surface of the cover 14 above the rectifying plate 33 so as to be fitted with the tip of the rectifying plate 33. Function. The other structure is the same as that of the embodiment shown in FIG.

In the present apparatus, the inner cylinder 11 extends upward due to thermal expansion during combustion, but extends along a groove 34 provided in the cover 14 and is not restrained by the cover 14. A part of the compressed air passes through the cooling holes 11-a and 11-b provided in the wall surface of the inner cylinder 11 and the gap between the outer ring 31 and the inner ring 32, and is used for cooling the inner ring 32.

According to the present apparatus, since the inner ring 32 of the inner cylinder and the rectifying plate 33 are fixedly inserted and assembled, a stable accuracy can be obtained without taking into account distortion or residual stress due to welding at the time of manufacturing the combustor. Can be manufactured. Further, even when a temperature difference occurs between the inner ring and the outer ring during operation, thermal expansion is allowed, and the inner ring and the outer ring do not deform. Further, the inner ring 32 is firmly supported by the rectifying plate 33 in the steady combustion state, and the gap between the inner ring and the outer ring is kept constant, so that a stable cooling action can be maintained. In addition, since the straightening plate 33 adopts a structure for preventing the inner ring from falling off by the insertion structure and the guide ゛ against the thermal expansion, there is an advantage that the reliability of the combustor is also improved.

[0015]

As described above, according to the present invention, the inner cylinder is fixed to the outer cylinder via the rectifying member and the inner cylinder is supported by the rectifying member. It is possible to eliminate the upper partition wall of the inner cylinder, which has caused the occurrence of the vortex, thereby improving the vortex flow and pressure loss generated at the upper part of the inner cylinder, and forming a smooth air flow. Has significant advantages.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an arrow view along line BB in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a partially enlarged longitudinal sectional view showing another embodiment of the device of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a vertical elevation view showing still another embodiment of the device of the present invention.

5 (a) is a perspective view, FIG. 5 (b) is a cross-sectional view as viewed from above when stationary, and FIG. It is sectional drawing seen from the top.

FIG. 6 is a vertical elevation view showing a conventional gas turbine combustor.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 Inner cylinder 12 Fuel injection nozzle 13 Swirler 14 Cover 15 Outer cylinder 16 Spark plug 19 Revolving plate 21, 31 Outer ring 22, 32 Inner ring 33 Rectifier plate

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. An outer cylinder mounted on a turbine casing, an inner cylinder disposed inside the outer cylinder, and a cover mounted on a cover covering an end of the outer cylinder to inject fuel into the inner cylinder. A rectifier including a fuel injection nozzle, a spark plug that generates a spark inside the inner cylinder, and a swirl plate that swirls the compressed air to a compressed air introduction portion formed between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder. A gas turbine combustor comprising a member, wherein the inner cylinder is fixed to the outer cylinder via the rectifying member, and the inner cylinder is supported by the rectifying member. 2. The inner cylinder has a double structure, an outer wall of the inner cylinder is integrated with the rectifying member, and an inner wall is supported by the outer wall as a plug-in structure using a spring plate. The gas turbine combustor according to claim 1. 3. The inner cylinder has a double structure, a plurality of rectifying plates are disposed circumferentially on an upper end of the inner cylinder, and an outer wall of the inner cylinder is fixed to the rectifying plate. 3. The gas turbine combustor according to claim 2, wherein the rectifying plate is inserted into a hole provided in the inner wall to support the inner wall. 4. The rectifying plate according to claim 3, wherein the thickness of a part of the rectifying plate is changed so that the inner ring moves and is closely fitted to the rectifying plate in a steady combustion state due to thermal expansion of the inner ring. Gas turbine combustor. 5. The gas turbine combustor according to claim 3, wherein a groove is provided on an inner surface of the cover located above the rectifying plate to allow expansion of the inner cylinder due to thermal expansion.