JP2001258355A - Harvester for head-forming vegetable - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a head-forming vegetable harvester which can carry harvested head-forming vegetables to a receiving facility without dropping the head-forming vegetables. SOLUTION: This head-forming vegetable harvester having a formed head portion-carrying device for pulling out head-forming vegetables planted in a field, cutting the stem root portions, and nipping and carrying the formed head portions in the rearward and upward inclined direction, while traveling, characterized by disposing transfer supports for supporting the bottoms of the formed head portions and transferring the head portions below the formed head portion- carrying device.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a head vegetable harvester, such as cabbage, having a relatively thick and long stem root below a head part.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Recently, harvesters for harvesting various kinds of vegetables have been put into practical use, and head vegetables are no exception. In addition to cabbage, cabbage includes cabbage, lettuce, etc., and head cabbage has relatively thick and long roots buried under the head in the ground. .
Therefore, when the head portion is pulled out by grasping the head portion, the head portion may be damaged due to pull-out resistance.

[0003] For this reason, there has been proposed a method of pulling out such a strong stem root by pinching or clamping (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 8-3).
No. 7879, JP-A-9-74865). That is, while pulling out the shoot root by the shoot root pulling and conveying device, maintaining the state and conveying it diagonally upward, in the process of this conveyance, the root of the shoot root is cut by the cutting device, and the cut head portion is cut into the head portion. It is transported to the storage facility by being pinched by the transport device.

[0004]

In this case, since there is considerable resistance in cutting the shoot root, at the time of cutting,
In addition to pinching of the stem root by the stem root pulling and conveying device, the head is also pinched by the head transporting device, and the stability of the posture is maintained by pinching and pinching the two. Therefore, the cutting device
The head portion, which is provided below the head transporting device and has its stem roots cut off, is conveyed in a state where it is considerably viewed below the head transporting device. For this reason, the posture becomes unstable, and there is a possibility of falling during transportation. Furthermore,
There is also a risk of falling due to differences in pinching force due to variations in the size of the head.

[0005] In addition, the clamping of the head portion by the head transport device cannot be performed so strongly because of damage or deformation, thereby increasing the risk of this. The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and aims to stabilize the posture by supporting the bottom of the head portion and prevent the head from dropping during transportation while holding the head portion.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION In view of the above-mentioned problems, the present invention provides a method for pulling out a headed vegetable planted in a field while traveling, cutting a stem and root, holding the head, and transporting the head obliquely upward. A head vegetable harvesting machine having a head transporting device, wherein a moving support for supporting and moving the bottom of the head is provided below the head transporting device.

According to the present invention, when the head is transported by the head transporting device, the head is supported by the movable support, so that the posture can be stabilized by these two parts, and the situation of falling can be prevented. This eliminates the need for the head-portion conveying device to pinch the head-portion so much, which contributes to the prevention of scratching and deformation. In addition, the head portion whose stem root has been cut is to be shipped as it is, but in this case, if the speed of the moving support is synchronized with the speed of the head transferring device, there is no space between the moving support and the head portion. There is no slip and no scratches.

There are various structures of the above-mentioned moving support and the head transporting device, and if they are constituted by a pair of moving bodies, both of which oppose each other in the upwardly inclined plane and whose opposite sides rotate backward. The structure is simplified, and in this case, both drive shafts can be used.

Although various types of moving bodies can be considered as the moving support, a moving body composed of a soft round belt having a circular cross section is suitable. This is because if the ball is soft and round, there is little risk of damaging the head portion.
In addition, if it is such a thing, it is troublesome that the head portion cannot be sufficiently supported due to hanging down, but in that case, if the supporting portion (opposite side) is supported by a rail,
There is no danger.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a side view of a head vegetable harvester (hereinafter, a harvester) showing an example of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a partial plan view of a pull-out transport portion, and FIG. 3 is a partial plan view of a main portion of the pull-out transport portion. However, this harvester has one side of one side of the self-propelled body 2 equipped with the crawler device 1 (in this example, the left side in the traveling direction).
In addition, a pedicle root pulling and conveying device 3, a lower pedicle root pulling and conveying device 4 and a head portion conveying device 5 are provided.

The root extraction device 3 is used to pinch and pull out the root portion 6a of the head vegetable 6 planted in the field, and to convey the root portion 6a obliquely upward and rearward. And a pair of moving bodies 7 whose opposite sides rotate backward. The moving body 7 of this example shows a chain 7 having small projections protruding on the opposite side, and is hung around front and rear sprockets 8 and 9 to be rotated (the rear sprocket 9 is the driving side). The front sprocket 8 has
On its upper and lower surfaces, a star wheel 10 and a cup body 11 whose diameter is slightly smaller than that of the lower surface are spherical.

The above-described sprocket 8 (star wheel 10)
And the cup body 11) are attached to the frame 14 by arms 12 and 13, respectively. One arm 12 (left side in the traveling direction) can rotate around a pin 15 provided on the frame 14. And is always urged by a spring 16 toward the other party. In the case where a large object is bitten, it is possible to escape to the outside and pass by.

Further, the chain 7 on one side (also on the left side)
It can escape to the outside for the same purpose. That is, the chain 7 is provided with a chain tension 17 for tensioning the opposite side (inner side) to the other party (a similar chain tension 18 is also provided to the other party), but the chain tension 17 on this side is provided. Can be made to advance and retreat, and it is urged to the other party by the spring 19. In order to maintain the tension of any of the chains 7, the opposite outer portions are chained 45, 46.
However, when the arm 12 escapes or the inner chain tensioners 17 and 18 retract, the tension naturally changes. For this reason, these chain tensions 45 and 46
The position can be changed by being urged freely.

Above the chain 7, there is provided a rubbing guide 20 which guides the stem root portion 6a of the bulbous vegetable 6 therethrough and rubs the bottom of the bulbous portion 6b.
The rubbing guide 20 of the present example starts from around the rear end of the star wheel 10 and continues to the vicinity of the end of the chain 7. Is what it is. Further, it is preferable that the rubbing guide 20 has its front end lowered so as to be sunk under the star wheel 10 and is opened in an octagonal shape for taking in and guiding the root portion 6a.

Below the shoot root extraction / transport device 3, a lower shoot root extraction / transport device 4 is provided. The lower shoot root extraction / transportation device 4 includes a shoot root portion 6 pinched by the shoot root extraction / transportation device 3.
The lower part a is struck further below, and is composed of a moving body 21 that moves rearward and rises on an inclined surface in the same manner as the pedicle root pulling and conveying device 3. In the moving body 21 of this example, only one (right side) is a chain 21 with a projection, and the other is a bar 22 that presses against this.
It is composed of

The chain 21 with projections is also wrapped around the front and rear sprockets.
Is also used for the chain 7 on the right side of the root extraction pulling and conveying device 3 (therefore, this is the driving side), and a dedicated sprocket 23 is provided only at the front. On the other hand, the bar 22 is elastically urged by the spring 24 to the protruding chain 21 so as to tightly clamp the stem root portion 6a therebetween, but can be tilted back and forth in plan view. . This is for enabling smooth passage of the root part 6a.

In the present embodiment, the inclination of the lower root extraction and transportation device 4 is set to be smaller than the inclination of the root extraction and transportation device 3. Although the degree cannot be limited, the difference between the start end and the end is set to be different by about 5 to 50 mm. Further, the pinching force in the lower root extraction and transfer device 4 is made stronger than the pinching force in the root extraction and transfer device 3, and the root 6a that is conveyed while being pinched and transported by both of them is caused by the difference in the inclination described above. It is configured so that it can be slid down from the upper shoot root extraction and transfer device 3.

This is to ensure that the head 6 is lowered before leaving the stem root pulling and conveying device 3 so that the bottom of the head 6b always hits the rubbing guide 20. This is for stabilizing the posture of the rhizome 6b and unifying the cutting position of the rhizome 6a described later. Further, the speed of the lower root extract pulling and conveying device 4 is set to be higher than the speed of the root shoot pulling and conveying device 3, and the speed difference allows the rhizome 6a erected and buried upright in the ground to be pulled upward as it is. The falling posture of the pedicle root pulling and conveying device 3 based on the conveying plane is corrected so as to be close to a right angle. This is for improving the transportability and the cutting property.

In the vicinity of the rear end of the root extraction device 3, the root 6 a which is conveyed by being pinched and transported by the root extraction device 3 and the lower root extraction device 4 as described above.
Is provided with a cutting device 25 that cuts the sheet. The cutting device 25 of the present example is composed of two disks, a disk cutter 26 that is forcibly driven and a disk blade 27 that is rotatably provided side by side with the disk cutter 26. The base and the demon leaves 6c hanging around the bulbous portion 6b are cut off. The plane of rotation of the disk cutter 26 is set substantially parallel to the plane of rotation of the pedicle root pulling and conveying device 3 (the lower pedicle root pulling and conveying device 4 is also substantially the same).

A head transporting device 5 is provided above the stem root pulling and transporting device 3, from around the rear of the star wheel 10 to the rear of the body 2. The head transporter 5 includes a head 6b of the head vegetable 6 pulled out by the root puller 3
And conveys it to the rear of the body 2 from a pair of moving bodies 28 that oppose each other in a rearwardly inclined plane that is substantially parallel to the pedicle root pull-out and conveying device 3 and whose opposite sides rotate backward. Become.

The moving body 28 of this embodiment comprises a belt 28 made of an elastic material which does not damage the bulb portion 6b. The moving body 28 is wound around the front and rear rollers 29 and 30 (the rear roller 30 is on the driving side) and rotates. ing. In addition, both belts 28 are in rolling contact with a number of rollers 31 for direction control and tension. In this case, the opposite side (inside) of one (left) belt 28 is outward. I am running away. This is to provide a strong pinching force regardless of the size of the head portion 6b.

Specifically, a specific roller 31 is connected to the arm 3
2 and a pin 3 provided on the frame 14
3, which is stretched by a spring 34. The start end and the rear end of the belt 28 both have an open-ended octagonal shape in plan view, so that the head portion 6b can be taken in and out smoothly. However, before reaching the cutting device 25 described above, this figure-of-eight is already closed, and the head transporting device 5 holds the head 6b.

On the other hand, in the present embodiment, the pedicle portion 6a and the demon leaf 6 are located directly below the belt 28 constituting the head transporting device 5.
A moving support 35 is provided to support the c while moving the bottom of the cut head portion 6b. This is for stabilizing the posture of the head portion 6b which is conveyed while being held by the belt 28. The moving support 35 of the present embodiment is constituted by a round belt 35 of a soft elastic body having a circular cross section, and is hung around the front and rear rollers 36 and 37 to rotate in the same direction as the belt 28. However, it is preferable that both speeds are the same. The opposite side of each of the round belts 35 is adapted to move on a rail 38 to prevent the round belt 35 from hanging down.

In both round belts 35, the rear roller 37 is connected below the roller 30 of the head transport device 5, and only the front roller 36 is provided for exclusive use. Further, rollers 39 for direction control and tension are provided as appropriate. The round belt 35 extends from around the rear of the cutting device 25 to near the rear end of the head transport device 5.

The round belts 35 are arranged at intervals so that the remaining stem roots 6a can be inserted therebetween.
For this reason, the one (right) round belt 35 is inserted between the belts 28 of the head transporting device 5, while the other (left) round belt 35 is inserted between the belts 28.
Round belt 35 is inserted at a position retracted from the running surface of belt 25 on this side. As described above, when the head portion 6a passes, the belt 28 on this side retreats. At this time, the round belt 35 is exposed between the belts 28 and supports the head portion 6b. The supporting point is set at a position substantially symmetrical to the left and right of the stem root 6a, depending on the size of the bulbous portion 6b.

In addition, below the rear end of the head transport device 5, there is provided a vertical transport device 40 comprising a belt conveyor for receiving the head portion 6b dropped from the head and sending it to the rear of the machine body 2.
On the right side of the vertical transport device 40, there is provided a horizontal transport device 41 composed of a belt conveyor that also feeds the right side.
Further, a transfer device 42 composed of a belt with projections for transferring the head portion 6b sent by the vertical transfer device 40 between the transfer devices 40 and 41 to the horizontal transfer device 41 is also provided.
Then, the head portion 6b sent by the horizontal transport device 41 is stored in a container (not shown) loaded on the right side of the body 2 (this work is usually performed by an assistant walking with the harvester. Do).

On the other hand, with respect to the drive system, a first drive shaft 43 driven by an engine is provided substantially at the center of the body 2, from which the roller 30 on the drive side of the head transporting device 5, the pedicle pulling-out transporting device 3, It is distributed to the sprocket 9 on the drive side of the lower shoot root extraction / conveyance device 4, the disk cutter 26 of the cutting device 25, the vertical conveyance device 40, the horizontal conveyance device 41 or the transfer device 42 via a chain, a belt, and a rod. However, at this time, a bevel gear mechanism or the like is appropriately used if a direction change or the like is necessary.

Next, a method of harvesting the head vegetables 6 by the harvester having the above configuration will be described. FIG. 4 is a partial side view showing the relationship between the head vegetables 6 and the root extraction and transport device 3.
Generally, the head vegetables 6 are row-planted in a field with ridges (a is the ridgeline). Therefore, the star wheel 10 and the cup body 11 of the root-peel pull-out / transport device 3 act on the middle of the ridges. (B is its line of action). In this state, the harvester approaches the head vegetables 6 and takes in the shoot roots 6 a between the two star wheels 10. At this time, since the star wheel 10 needs to act below the head portion 6b, the height is adjusted by a gauge wheel 44 provided to be vertically adjustable.

In the star wheel 10, the peaks and valleys mesh with each other and the opposite side is forcibly driven backward.
The captured root portion 6a is smoothly sent out rearward, and is pinched by the chain 7 of the root portion pulling and conveying device 3. At this time, the cup body 11 prevents the tip of the shoot root extraction and transfer device 3 from sticking into the soil, and assists the feeding by the star wheel 10 except for the soil around the shoot root 6a. By the way, the pinching of the shoot root 6a by the shoot root pulling and conveying device 3 is due to the two chains 7,
Although it is sure and strong, the head portion 6a standing upright in the ground is struck in the same posture, so that the head portion 6b is inclined ahead of the rotation plane of the chain 7. It is in a state (FIG. 1).

The stem root 6a caught by the chain 7 is conveyed rearward in that position, but is further caught below by the chain 21 with a projection and the bar 22 of the lower rhizome extracting device 4 from the middle thereof, and cut. It is sent to the device 25 and the root of the stem root part 6a and the demon leaf 6c are cut. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the stem root extracting / conveying device 3 and the like showing the relationship with the heading vegetables 6. At this time, the inclination angle between the stem root extracting / conveying device 3 and the lower rhizome extracting device 4 is the latter. And the pinching force is set stronger in the latter, so that the root 6a slides down the root extraction and transport device 3 as it is transported.

However, since the above-mentioned rubbing guide 20 is provided above the root-of-stalk pull-out / transport device 3, the head portion 6b hits the rubbing guide 20 and does not go down any further, so that the cutting position is unified. You. For this purpose, the shoot root 6a must be able to slide down between the chains 7 of the shoot root pulling and conveying apparatus 3, but as described above, the chain 7 should have a small projection. Thus, the stem root portion 6a is pinched between the projections, and this becomes possible.

As described above, the rubbing guide 20 has a shape in which the upper portion is convexly curved. In this case, the rubbing guide 20 preferably has a relatively large radius and is wide. The material is not limited, but a material having a smooth surface is suitable. With the transport, the bottom of the head portion 6b
Since it is strongly pressed against the upper surface of the rubbing guide 20, the head portion 6b
This is because there is little damage, the transport resistance is small, and the posture is stable.

Further, the speed of the lower rhizome pulling device 4 is set to be higher than the speed of the rhizome pulling and conveying device 3.
When the rhizome 6a is applied to the cutting device 25 due to this speed difference, the oblique one is straightened, the cutting is made at right angles to the root 6a, and the cut surface becomes clean (the disc cutter 26). Is parallel to the rotation surface of the lower rhizome extraction device 4), thereby preventing cutting unnecessarily high points to lower the yield.

When the root portion 6a is cut by the cutting device 25, the root portion 6a is pinched by the root pulling and pulling device 3 and the lower root portion pulling device 4, and the head portion 6b is pinched by the head portion transferring device 5. It is in a state of being done, and the posture is very stable. Therefore, it does not move at the time of cutting, and there is no need to cut unnecessarily high portions and discard useful portions, and it is possible to stably cut fixed portions. The stem root 6a and the demon leaf 6c cut in this manner are discarded as they are, and only the bulbous portion 6b is nipped by the belt 28 of the bulbous portion transport device 5 and transported rearward.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the head transporting device 5 showing the state of transport of the head 6b. At this time, two moving supports (round belts) 35 hit the bottom of the head 6b and firmly contact the bottom. (Because the rail 38 does not hang down itself), there is no slippage or loss of posture, and therefore, it is smoothly transported to the end. Since the head portion 6b becomes a product as it is, care must be taken not to damage the head portion. However, since the round belt 35 is moving, there is little slippage between the head portion 6b and the head portion 6b. No scratches. At this time, if the speed of the round belt 35 is synchronized with the speed of the head transporting device 5, there is no slip at all. The head portion 6b transported by the head transport device 5 is sent to the side of the body 2 by the vertical transport device 40 and the horizontal transport device 41 and stored in a container or the like.

[0036]

As described above, the present invention has a head transporting device for pulling out a headed vegetable planted in a field while traveling, holding the head after cutting the stem root, and transporting the head diagonally upward. In the head cropping machine, a moving support that supports and moves the bottom of the head is provided below the head transporting device, so that the head is pinched or supported by both the head transporting device and the moving support. The posture is stabilized and the situation such as dropping can be prevented. This eliminates the need for the head-portion conveying device to pinch the head-portion so much, which contributes to the prevention of scratching and deformation. In addition, the head part with the stem root cut is shipped as it is, but at this time, if the moving support and the head part conveying device are moved in synchronization, no slippage occurs between them, There is no abrasion.

In addition, according to the above-described soft round belt having a circular cross section as the movement support, the damage of the head portion is further suppressed. In addition, it is considered that if this is the case, the head portion may not be sufficiently supported due to hanging down, but in such a case, if the supporting portion (opposite side) is supported by a rail, there is a possibility that this may occur. Nor.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a side view of a head vegetable harvester showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a plan view of a head and vegetables harvesting machine showing the example of the present invention around the conveyance thereof.

FIG. 3 is a plan view of a main portion around the conveyance of the head vegetable harvesting machine showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a partial side view of a distal end portion of the root extraction and transfer device of the head cropping machine showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a stem root pulling and conveying device of a head vegetable harvesting machine showing an example of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of the head transporting device of the head vegetable harvesting machine showing an example of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 5 Head Transporter 6 Head Vegetables 6a 根 Rhizome 6b 結 Head 6c 鬼 Demon leaves of ２５ 25 Cutting device 35 Movement support 38 Rail

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Hiroshi Tobe 428 Enami, Onami, Okayama Pref.Seirei Industry Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Shinki 428 Enami, Okayama Pref. ) Inventor Kazuyuki Watanabe 428 Enami, Onami, Okayama, Japan (72) Inventor Terumasa Miki 428 Enami, Okayama, Okayama, Japan F-term (reference) 2B075 AA10 GA01 GA06

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A head-cropping vegetable harvesting machine having a head-crop-portion-harvesting device that pulls a head vegetable that is planted in a field while traveling, cuts a stem-root portion, sandwiches the head, and conveys the head diagonally upward. A head vegetable harvesting machine, wherein a moving support that supports and moves a bottom of a head part is provided below a transport device. 2. The head cropping machine according to claim 1, wherein the moving support moves in synchronization with the head transporting device. 3. The moving support according to claim 1, wherein the moving support comprises a pair of moving bodies which are opposed to each other in a rearwardly rising inclined plane and whose opposite sides are rotated rearward, similarly to the head transporting device.
Head vegetable harvester. 4. The head vegetable harvester according to claim 3, wherein the drive shaft of the moving support is also used as the drive shaft of the head transport device. 5. The moving body constituting the moving support is a soft round belt having a circular cross section.
Any of the four head vegetable harvesters. 6. The head vegetable harvester according to claim 5, wherein the opposite side of the round belt is supported by rails and does not hang down.