JP2002281667A - Power-supplying system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent a shortage of power of a customer who utilizes a private electric generator, without practically purchasing power from an electric power company. SOLUTION: Two groups A, B, which comprise respectively a plurality of private electric generators composed of power-generating installations which also supply heat together, are provided. When generated electric energy of each installation 1 is insufficient for electric energy of load power, an overall supervising apparatus 20 connected through an individual monitor 10 attached to each installation 1, attempts to solve the power shortage by self consignment of power in each group A, B. If the power shortage is not solved by the self consignment of power, the overall apparatus 20 attempts to solve the power shortage, by performing retail consignment between the different groups A, B. If the power shortage is not solved even by retail consignment, the overall apparatus 20 gives power-generating installations instructions to consign the insufficient component of power.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a power supply system including a private power generation facility.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, a cogeneration system (cogeneration system) that generates electricity using city gas as fuel and uses the exhaust heat for cooling and heating or hot water supply has become widespread as a private power generation facility. Since there is an upper limit to the amount of power generated by the in-house power generation facilities, fluctuations in the amount of load power may cause the load power to exceed the upper limit of the amount of power generated by the in-house power generation facilities. In some cases, the amount of generated power is insufficient for the amount of load power. Further, in this type of in-house power generation equipment, when the operation is performed so that the amount of generated heat is close to the amount of load heat, the amount of generated power may exceed the amount of load power, resulting in excess power.

[0003] Therefore, surplus power generated in the private power generation facility is transmitted to a transmission line owned by the power company to allow the power company to purchase the surplus power. When the shortage occurs, it is possible to purchase the insufficient power from the power company. That is, if the amount of generated power does not match the amount of load power, the excess or deficiency of the amount of generated power is sold to and from the power company.

On the other hand, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 6-327152 discloses that the power generated by a generator is used as a target object supply amount, and the power demand at a consumer is used as a target object consumption amount. This document describes a technique for monitoring power generation and power demand in each region and, if there is an excess or deficiency in power generation in each region, interconnecting power through interconnection lines provided between power systems in each region. In this publication, as an example in which the target object supply amount needs to be predicted, cogeneration power generation in the case of allowing reverse power flow is mentioned.

[0005]

In the technology described in the above publication, if the generator is considered as a private power generation facility, the excess or deficiency of the electric power in the private power generation facility will be compensated between the private power generation facilities. Ideally, the excess or deficiency in the amount of power should be offset, but in reality, the excess or deficiency in the amount of power in one private power generation facility and the excess or deficiency in the amount of power in another private power generation facility Are often not completely offset.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to merely provide power between private power generation facilities when excess or deficiency occurs in the power generated by the private power generation facilities. Insufficient power for all customers who use private power generation facilities by generating power for the shortage using a dedicated power generation facility that is provided separately when power shortages occur only with private power generation facilities It is an object of the present invention to provide a power supply system in which generation of power is prevented.

[0007]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there are provided a plurality of private power generators each comprising a cogeneration system that generates power by receiving fuel and uses generated heat, and each of the private power plants. A plurality of individual monitoring devices that are installed in parallel and detect at least measured values of the amount of power generated by the in-house power generation facility and the amount of load power in the consumer using the in-house power generation facility, and are detected by the individual monitoring devices. A grid interconnection device that determines whether the amount of power generated by the in-house power generation facility is more or less than the amount of load power based on the measured values, and receives the insufficient power from the transmission line owned by the power company when the amount of generated power is insufficient, Data communication is possible with each individual monitoring device, and the measured values from each individual monitoring device are collected. When the shortage of power is not resolved by a comprehensive management device that transfers power from a private power generation facility with sufficient capacity to a customer with insufficient power generated by the private power generation facility, and a power transfer by the private power generation facility And a power generation facility for transferring insufficient power in accordance with an instruction from the integrated management device. Here, the power transfer is
This is a system in which an electric power company receives electricity from an electric power company other than an electric power company that has a transmission line, and supplies the same amount of electricity to customers who are customers of the electric power company. Then, the electric power company can supply the electric power to the consumers simply by paying the electric power company a low fee equivalent to the transmission line usage fee. Therefore, by transferring power from private power generation facilities with sufficient power generation to customers with insufficient power generation by private power generation facilities, excess and deficiency of power generation at each private power generation facility can be minimized. In addition, with respect to the insufficient power, the shortage of the generated power of the private power generation equipment with respect to the load power is resolved by transferring power from a separately provided power generation equipment. In addition, since the integrated management device monitors the amount of generated power and the amount of load power in each private power generation facility, and the integrated management device manages the power transferred from the power generation facility, the power balance is managed collectively only by the integrated management device. It is possible to eliminate the burden of calculating the power balance by the customers using the private power generation equipment.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the private power generation facilities are divided into a plurality of groups, and the integrated management device includes a plurality of private power generation facilities in one group. By performing the self-consignment transfer of electric power between the private power generation facilities in the group, the excess or deficiency of the generated power amount of the private power generation facilities in the group is adjusted. According to this configuration,
Self-consignment compensates for the excess or deficiency in the amount of power generated by the private power generation facilities. Therefore, if a group of multiple customers, such as one organization, whose monetary income and expenditures are bundled together, It is possible to adjust the excess or deficiency of the amount of power generated by the private power generation facilities only by the burden of the usage fee of the transmission line used for the consignment. Also in the present embodiment, if the load power cannot be satisfied only by adjusting the excess or deficiency of the power generated by the in-house power generator in the group, the power is transferred from the power generator as needed.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect of the present invention, the general management device monitors the excess or deficiency of the total amount of generated power of each group, and performs a retail consignment for consigning power between the groups. Is used to adjust the excess or deficiency of the generated power between the groups. According to this configuration, the excess or deficiency of the amount of generated power in one group is mitigated by retail consignment between groups, and by appropriately combining the groups that perform retail consignment, the amount of generated power by the private power generation facility is Shortages can be efficiently alleviated.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the third aspect of the present invention, a time zone in which power is insufficient in one of the groups and a time zone in which the power is excessive in the other group overlap. The group has been selected so that In this configuration, the time zone in which surplus power occurs and the time zone in which insufficient power occurs between different groups are overlapped, so that power can be supplied between the groups without waste, and excess and deficiency in power supply is reduced. Become.

[0011]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS In the present embodiment, it is assumed that there are a plurality of businesses, a plurality of stores belong to each of the businesses, and each store uses a private power generation facility. I do. In addition, private power generation facilities arranged in stores belonging to the same business shall constitute one group. An in-house power generation facility is a co-generation facility that uses a city gas as fuel to generate power and uses heat to cool, heat and supply hot water, as shown in FIG.
The private power generation facility 1 is provided with an individual monitoring device 10 for monitoring the operation status. The individual monitoring device 10 monitors whether there is a failure in the private power generation facility 1 and stores various measured values relating to the private power generation facility 1 as data. The measured values include the amount of generated power and the amount of load power, the amount of generated heat and the amount of load heat in the private power generation facility 1, and various other types of information. In the present embodiment, however, attention is paid to the power balance and the heat balance. Only the generated power and the load power and the generated heat and the load heat are handled. That is, as the measured values, the generated power amount, which is the power generated by the operation of the private power generation facility 1, the load power amount, which is the power amount consumed by the consumer, and the generated and used power by the operation of the private power generator 1 Attention is paid to the generated heat amount, which is a possible heat amount, and the load heat amount, which is the heat amount consumed by the customer.

The individual monitoring device 10 includes an integrated management device 20 provided separately from the private power generation facility 1 and an intranet L1.
Data communication is possible through the
In this example, the operation status and measured values of the private power generation facility 1 collected by the individual monitoring device 10 can be collected. Therefore, the integrated management device 20 can manage the proper operation of the private power generation facility 1 by analyzing the operation status of the private power generation facility 1 and finding a sign of abnormality at an early stage.
Since the amount and frequency of data transmission between the comprehensive management device 20 and the individual monitoring device 10 is relatively small, a telephone line is used as the transmission path of the intranet L1.

A power generation facility 2 capable of adjusting the amount of power generation in response to an instruction from the general management apparatus 20 is provided, and a power generation plan of the power generation facility 2 is managed by the general management apparatus 20. However, the installation location of the power generation equipment 2 is determined by the
Apart from the installation location, some functions of the integrated management device 20 may be managed by a transfer management device (not shown) attached to the power generation facility 2. In this case, the comprehensive management device 20 and the transfer management device are connected via an intranet. The power generation facility 2 is managed by an electric power company (specific scale electric power company) related to a supplier of city gas supplied as fuel to the private power generation equipment 1.

Here, when the output of the private power generation equipment 1 cannot correspond to the load power due to the stoppage of the operation of the private power generation equipment 1, a decrease in the output, an increase in the load power, etc., electricity is received from the power company. The private power generation facility 1 is connected to the transmission line Lp to enable reverse power flow of surplus power generated by the amount of power generated by the private power generation facility 1 exceeding the load power quantity at the customer. Similarly, the power generation facility 2 is connected to a transmission line Lp so that power can be transferred to a customer who uses the private power generation facility 1.

The individual monitoring device 10 is realized by a personal computer, and the comprehensive management device 20 and the transfer management device are realized by using a personal computer or a dedicated computer device.

Hereinafter, each device will be described more specifically. The individual monitoring device 10 monitors the operation status of the private power generation facility 1. In describing the present embodiment, the power generation amount and the generated heat quantity of the private power generation facility 1, the load power quantity and the load heat quantity of the customer are described. Therefore, other data will not be described. Thus, the individual monitoring device 10 includes a generated power monitoring unit 11 that constantly monitors the amount of power generated by the private power generation facility 1 and a load power monitoring unit 1 that constantly monitors the amount of load power at the customer.
2, a generated heat quantity monitoring means 13 for constantly monitoring the generated heat quantity of the private power generation equipment 1, and a load heat quantity monitoring means 14 for constantly monitoring the load heat quantity at the customer. The generated power monitoring means 11, the load power monitoring means 12, the generated heat quantity monitoring means 13 and the load heat quantity monitoring means 14 monitor the instantaneous values, respectively. Is desirably output as a measured value. Also,
The individual monitoring device 10 includes a clock unit 15 that measures the current date and time, and the measured value is stored in the storage unit 16 as a pair with the date and time measured by the clock unit 15. Further, the individual monitoring device 10 is provided with a communication unit 17 that enables data transmission with the comprehensive management device 20, and the data stored in the storage unit 16 is used when a request from the comprehensive management device 20 is issued, or It is periodically transferred to the comprehensive management device 20. further,
The individual monitoring device 10 includes operation control means 18 for controlling the operation status of the private power generation facility 1. The operation control means 18 generates power of the private power generation facility 1 in accordance with an instruction from the comprehensive management device 20 received through the communication means 17. Adjust the volume. The private power generation facility 1 is connected to the power transmission line Lp via a system interconnection device 19, and the system interconnection device 19 has a current waveform such that electricity generated by the private power generation facility 1 can flow backward to the transmission line Lp. And so on.

As described above, the integrated management device 20 has a function of monitoring the private power generation facility 1 for signs of abnormality or the like using the data transferred from the individual monitoring device 10.
In the present embodiment, this function is not a gist and will not be described here. The integrated management device 20 includes a communication unit 21 that enables data transmission to and from the individual monitoring device 10, and further performs a balance between the generated power amount and the load power amount based on the data transferred from the individual monitoring device 10. It is provided with a forwarding calculation means 22 for calculating. Further, the comprehensive management device 20 is provided with control instruction means 23 for instructing the control of the amount of power generated by each private power generation facility 1 or the power generation facility 2 as necessary based on the calculation result of the transfer calculation means 22.

The transfer calculation means 22 calculates the amount of power transferred from the private power generation facility 1 or the power generation facility 2 in accordance with the procedure shown in FIG. In the present embodiment, the amount of load power and the amount of load heat at each customer who owns each private power generation facility 1 during one year are substantially constant, and the storage means 16 of the individual monitoring device 10
Is assumed to store a fluctuation pattern of measured values relating to one year of load power and load heat. Also,
The storage unit 16 also stores the rated value of the amount of power generated by each private power generation facility 1.
Shall be stored in However, the fluctuation pattern and the rated value of the load power amount and the load heat amount of each consumer may be stored in the integrated management device 20. In any case, in the present embodiment, a one-year variation pattern of the load power amount and the load heat amount is known, and the generated power amount of the private power generation facility 1 and the power generation facility 2 is controlled using this variation pattern. And

The feature of the present embodiment is that when the amount of generated power in one private power generation facility 1 is insufficient with respect to the amount of load power, it is first supplemented by the transfer of power from another private power generation facility 1 in the group. If the shortage still occurs, replenishment is performed by transferring power from the private power generation facilities 1 of a different group, and if the shortage occurs, replenishment is performed by transmitting power from the power generation facility 2. In the following, each private power generation facility 1 is represented by X, the generated power amount is represented by G (X), and the load power amount is represented by R (X). In addition, each private power generation facility 1 has two groups A,
B, and each of the groups A and B has three private power generation facilities 1. Thus, the total number of the private power generation facilities 1 is six, and X = A1, A2, A using the groups A and B and the identification numbers 1, 2, and 3 in the groups, respectively.
Each of the private power generation facilities 1 is distinguished as 3, B1, B2, B3. Further, it is assumed that the group A has a larger load power during the day than at night, and the group B has a larger load power at night as compared to the day. Also, the rated value of the amount of power generated by the private power generation facility 1 will be represented in the form of MG (X).

As shown in FIG. 2, in the transfer operation means 22, first, the generated power amount G (X) of each private power generation facility 1 at each time is transferred from the individual monitoring means 10, and
The storage unit 16 stores the load power R (X) corresponding to the time.
, The generated power amount G (X) and the load power amount R
A magnitude relationship with (X) is determined (S1). Generated power G
Private power generation facility 1 in which (X) is equal to or greater than the load power R (X)
Is directly supplied from the private power generation facility 1 (S2).

On the other hand, the generated power G (X) is equal to the load power R
As for the private power generation equipment 1 below (X), it is not possible to cope with the load power R (X) simply by supplying power from the private power generation equipment 1. It is determined whether or not the power can be transferred from the private power generation facility 1 having an allowance for the amount G (X) (S3).
For this determination, the generated power amount G
The magnitude relationship between the rated value MG (X) of the generated power amount G (X) in the private power generation facility 1 having a sufficient (X) and the generated power amount G (X) at that time is used. That is, (Rated value M
G (X) -generated power amount G (X)) is the upper limit power amount that can be consigned from each private power generation facility 1. However, when selecting the in-house power generation facilities 1 to which power is to be transferred, each in-house power generation facility 1
Is compared with the load calorific value, and the power is transferred in ascending order of the ratio of the generated calorie to the load calorie (= generated calorie / load calorie). This is because, in the private power generation facility 1 in which the generated heat amount is smaller than the load heat amount, even if the generated heat amount is increased along with the increase in the generated power amount G (X), the possibility that the heat is wastefully discarded is low. Because. In this way, the generated power amount G (X) 'of each of the private power generation facilities 1 is determined within the range in which the power can be exchanged by the private power generator 1 in the groups A and B, and the power in the groups A and B is determined. ("Self-consignment") is performed (S4).

However, the sum ΣG (X) ′ of the generated power amounts G (X) ′ in the groups A and B is the sum ΣR of the load power amounts R (X) in the groups A and B. (X)
(X)> ΣG (X) ′) (S5) The power generation amount ΔG of the private power generation facility 1 in one group A, B
Since the load power amount 負荷 R (X) exceeds (X) ′, the entire load power amount ΣR (X) of the groups A and B cannot be satisfied only by the self-delivery.

Therefore, it is determined whether or not the generated power amounts ΣG (X) ′ in the other groups A and B have a margin (S).
6). That is, for the groups A and B in which ΣR (X) <ΣG (X) ′ holds, the amount of generated power is ΣMG
Since there is a margin of (X) -ΣG (X) ', the power is transferred to the power-deficient groups A and B in this range (S7). Such transfer of power between the different groups A and B is called "retail transfer". Here, in the present embodiment, the group A is selected such that the daytime load power R (X) is larger than the nighttime, and the group B is selected so that the nighttime load power R (X) is higher than the daytime. , There is surplus power in Group B during the day and Group A during the night
Is considered to have surplus power. Therefore, by appropriately combining the groups A and B, the power is transferred from the group B to the group A during the daytime, and the power is transferred from the group A to the group B at nighttime. Most of the costs incurred by the consignment can be offset.

By the way, even if the electric power is consigned between the different groups A and B as described above, there is a case where the load energy cannot be satisfied in one of the groups A and B (S).
8). In such a case, the power shortage is transferred from the power generation facility 2 (S9). Even if electric power is consigned between different groups A and B, the generated electric energy with respect to the load electric energy R (X) Σ
Even if G (X) ′ is short, the shortage of power is resolved by transferring the power from the power generation equipment 2, so that it is possible to cover the power demand without substantially receiving the power supply from the power company. Will be possible. This means that the burden of capital investment on the electric power company is reduced, and the use of distributed power sources eliminates the need for large-scale power generation facilities and increases the possibility of securing power sources even during disasters.

If the charge is prioritized in the transfer of the electric power, the charge is compared with the self-consigned transfer, the retail consignment, the consignment from the power generation facility 2 and the purchase from the electric power company so that the charge is minimized. It is also possible to control the amount of generated power. In calculating such a charge, the charge of the city gas used as fuel for the private power generation facility 1 and the heat for satisfying the difference between the load calorie and the generated load using a facility different from the private power supply facility 1 are used. It is also necessary to consider the fee for generating the information. Furthermore, the upper limit of the amount of power generated by the private power generation facility 1 may be determined based on not only the charge but also the amount of carbon dioxide emitted and the charge.

In the above-described embodiment, the private power generation equipment 1 and the power generation equipment 2 are controlled based on the one-year fluctuation patterns of the load power and the load heat.
The control may be performed based on a fluctuation pattern of a relatively short time such as a day or an hour. If the control is performed using the fluctuation pattern of such a short time, the fluctuation of the load power amount and the load heat amount is tracked to some extent. Control can be performed, and more accurate management of the transmitted power can be performed.

[0027]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, a plurality of private power generation facilities including a cogeneration facility that receives power from a fuel and generates electric power and uses generated heat are installed in parallel with each private power generation facility. A plurality of individual monitoring devices that detect at least a measured value of the amount of power generated by the in-house power generation facility and the amount of load power in a consumer using the in-house power generation facility; A system interconnection device for judging excess or deficiency of the amount of power generated by the in-house power generation facility with respect to the load power and receiving the insufficient power from the transmission line owned by the power company when the amount of generated power is insufficient, and each individual monitoring device Data can be communicated to and from each individual monitoring device to collect the measured values, and to allow the generated power to be more or less than the load power at each private power generation facility. Ah An integrated management system that transfers power from private power generation facilities to customers who have insufficient power generated by private power generation facilities, and a comprehensive management system that transfers power when private power generation facilities do not solve the power shortage. And a power generation facility for transferring the shortage of electric power in accordance with the instruction of (1), and transfers the power from the private power generation facility with sufficient power generation capacity to the customer with insufficient power generation by the private power generation facility As a result, the excess and deficiency in the amount of power generated by each private power generation facility can be eliminated as much as possible, and for the insufficient power, the power generated by the private power generation facility with respect to the load power can be transferred to a separate power generation facility. The shortage of the electric energy can be solved. In addition, since the integrated management device monitors the amount of generated power and the amount of load power in each private power generation facility, and the integrated management device manages the power transferred from the power generation facility, the power balance is managed collectively only by the integrated management device. It is possible to eliminate the burden of calculating the power balance by the customers using the private power generation equipment.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect of the present invention, the private power generation equipment is divided into a plurality of groups, and the integrated management device includes a plurality of private power generation facilities in one group. This is to adjust the excess or deficiency of the amount of power generated by the private power generation facilities within the group by performing the self-transfer of power between private power generation facilities within the group. In order to make up for the shortage, if a group is made up of a plurality of customers whose financial income and expenditure are bundled together as one organization, the self-consignment within the group will only be charged as much as the usage fee of the transmission line used for consignment This makes it possible to adjust the excess or deficiency of the amount of power generated by the private power generation facility. Also in the present embodiment, if the load power cannot be satisfied only by adjusting the excess or deficiency of the power generated by the in-house power generator in the group, the power is transferred from the power generator as needed.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the second aspect of the present invention, the comprehensive management device monitors the excess or deficiency of the total generated power amount of each group, and performs a retail consignment for consigning power between the groups. Is used to adjust the excess or deficiency in the amount of generated power between groups. The excess or deficiency in the amount of generated power in one group is mitigated by retail consignment between groups, and the groups that perform retail consignment are appropriately combined. This makes it possible to efficiently reduce excess or deficiency of the amount of power generated by the private power generation facility.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the third aspect of the present invention, a time zone in which power is insufficient in one of the groups and a time zone in which the power is excessive in another group overlap. The above-mentioned group is selected so that the time zone in which surplus power is generated and the time zone in which insufficient power is generated between different groups are overlapped with each other, so that power is supplied without waste between groups. And the excess and deficiency of the power supply is reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an operation explanatory view of the above.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 In-house power generation equipment 2 Power generation equipment 10 Individual monitoring device 19 Grid connection device 20 Comprehensive management device A, B group

Claims (4)

[Claims] Claims: 1. A plurality of private power generation facilities including a cogeneration facility that generates power while receiving fuel supply and uses generated heat, and power generated by the private power generation facilities that are juxtaposed to each private power generation facility. A plurality of individual monitoring devices that detect at least a measured value of the amount of electricity and a load power amount at a consumer using the private power generation facility, and a power generation by the private power generation facility based on the measurement value detected by the individual monitoring device. Data communication is performed between the grid interconnection device that determines the excess or deficiency of the power amount with respect to the load power amount, and when the generated power amount is insufficient, the system interconnection device that receives the shortage from the transmission line owned by the power company and each individual monitoring device. It is possible to collect the measured values from each individual monitoring device, and when the generated power exceeds or falls short of the load power at each of the private power generation facilities, Insufficient power generated by home power generation facilities with integrated management system for transferring power to customers who have insufficient power, and in-house power generation facilities with insufficient power due to instructions from general management system when power shortage is not resolved And a power generation facility for transferring the generated power. 2. The private power generation facility is divided into a plurality of groups,
In the comprehensive management device, when a plurality of private power generation facilities are included in one group, power generation between private power generation facilities in the group is performed by performing self-consignment transfer of power between private power generation facilities in the group. 2. The power supply system according to claim 1, wherein an excess or deficiency of the power amount is adjusted. 3. The total management device monitors excess or deficiency of the generated power amount of each group as a whole, and adjusts excess or deficiency of the generated power amount between groups by performing a retail consignment transfer of electric power between the groups. The power supply system according to claim 2, wherein 4. The group is selected such that a time zone in which power is insufficient in one of the groups and a time zone in which power is excessive in another group overlap. The power supply system according to claim 3, wherein: