JP2003048615A - Spiral conveyor and thermal decomposition disposing device using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a spiral conveyor capable of surely conveying a disposal object by rotational driving, stably stirring and conveying the disposal object, further increasing the disposing capacity, and stably and surely heating and thermally decomposing the disposal object. SOLUTION: A core shaft cylinder 51 is surrounded by a driving shaft 53, and is fixed in a free condition only by being inserted into the driving shaft 53 through a seal 55a. The driving shaft 53 is rotatably mounted in a thermal decomposition vessel 21 through a seal 55b, attached to a support by a bearing 54, and driven through a sprocket 56 and a chain 57 mounted on a driving source such as a motor M1 . A clearance 58 is formed on a central part of a spiral rotating body 52. A fireproof heatproof material layer 29a is formed on the inner face side of a hot air jacket 29.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a spiral conveyor for transporting an object to be processed and a thermal decomposition apparatus for heat-treating the object to be processed using the spiral conveyor or thermally decomposing the object to be processed such as waste. It is about.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a method of heating an object to be treated such as waste to perform thermal decomposition, a. A method of filling an object to be processed in a closed container and indirectly heating from the outside; b. A method is known in which the object to be treated is filled in a closed container and heated directly from the inside, but in order to perform a stable thermal decomposition treatment, an indirect heating method is generally adopted. There is.
In this case, a so-called kiln system in which the container is directly rotated to convey and stir the object to be processed, and a means to convey and stir the object in the fixed container (a spiral member, a so-called screw or spiral method) ) Is so-called a so-called screw system is known. (1) Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2000-73069 DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The invention described in this publication is a so-called screw conveyor type carbonization device provided with screw blades around a rotary shaft, and the screw conveyor is configured in an upper and lower multi-stage type to form a screw pipe. And the thermal strain of the screw is taken into consideration. (2) Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2000-1677 The invention described in this publication is a so-called screw conveyor type carbonization device provided with screw blades around the rotary shaft in the same manner as described above, and the waste that is thrown in is a feed pipe. The waste that is decomposed inside by the heat of the first hot stove is sent to the second hot stove by a screw and decomposed. (3) Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H11-293258 The invention described in this publication is a carbonization furnace in which a spiral conveyor is arranged in a rotary cylinder and uses a so-called kiln system. (4) Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 11-335671 The invention described in this publication is a carbonization treatment apparatus in which the stirrer is configured by a screw conveyor system that is rotated around the central axis of the carbonization chamber. (5) Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 10-170151 The invention described in this publication is an apparatus for continuously receiving an object to be treated containing a large amount of water and transferring the inside of the apparatus by a screw conveyor.

[0003]

FIG. 7 (a) shows a schematic configuration diagram of a spiral conveyor system used in a thermal decomposition processing apparatus. In FIG. 7 (a), a cylindrical thermal decomposition container 71 is used. A drive shaft 73 driven by a motor 72 is provided inside. On the drive shaft 73, the spiral rotating body 74
Is provided, and both ends of the drive shaft 73 are supported by bearings 75. With such a configuration, a certain gap is required / also exists between the spiral conveyor and the lower inner wall of the cylindrical container 71, so that the object to be treated may remain in this portion.

Therefore, the objects to be treated are successively decomposed into the thermal decomposition vessel 71.
However, since the temperature of the wall surface of the thermal decomposition container 71 is higher than the temperature inside the thermal decomposition container 71, the thermal decomposition container 7 is heated and conveyed earlier, but the temperature of the wall surface of the thermal decomposition container 71 is higher.
The object to be treated that remains on the inner wall of No. 1 may change in properties due to heating and harden. Then, the cured object to be treated may become a thermal insulator when heated from the outside, causing a problem that the thermal decomposition action is not stable.

Further, in the case of the transfer device according to Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-170151, which is a screw conveyor system shown in FIG. 7B, the screw 76 rotates while contacting the lower wall surface of the thermal decomposition container 71. Problems such as spirals are unlikely to occur. However, since one end (opposite drive source side) of the screw 76 is in a free state, the whole rotation will meander by the drive rotation.
There is a problem that the stirring and conveying are not stable.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and is not coupled to the spiral rotating body, but the core shaft cylinder is disposed through the gap in the central portion of the spiral rotating body so that the spiral rotating body has a cylindrical shape. By supporting it with the inner wall of the pyrolysis container and / or the core shaft cylinder, the object to be processed can be reliably conveyed by rotational driving, and the stirring and conveying can be performed stably, and the processing amount can be increased, and the object to be treated can be increased. An object of the present invention is to provide a spiral conveyor capable of stably and reliably performing heat treatment and thermal decomposition treatment of an object, and a thermal decomposition treatment device using the spiral conveyor.

[0007]

Generally, a heating device for indirectly heating an object to be processed includes a so-called screw conveyor system, a spiral conveyor system, and a rotating machine in which a means for directly conveying and stirring the object to be processed is installed in a fixed container. There is a so-called kiln system in which a means for carrying and stirring is installed in a container. These treatment methods are selected and used according to the properties of the object to be treated.

In view of the above, according to the present invention, the spiral conveyor is rich in sealing effect and is free from the influence of thermal expansion because one end side (the side to which the drive source is not connected) of the spiral rotor is free. Focus on the method,
It is intended to solve the drawbacks of this method.

In other words, the problems of the spiral conveyor system are as follows: (a) In order to ensure flexibility, the width (dimension in the radial direction) of the blade (spiral rotor) cannot be increased beyond a certain level. (B) Since it has flexibility, the free end side is likely to meander and rotate, and there is a problem in stability of stirring and conveying.

Therefore, by disposing the core shaft cylinder in the gap in the central portion of the spiral rotary member without being connected to the spiral rotary member, the spiral rotary member is connected to the inner wall of the cylindrical decomposition container or / and the core shaft cylinder. To be supported by (a)
Even if the size of the spiral rotator in the radial direction is increased, the object to be processed can be reliably driven to be conveyed, and (b) the presence of the core shaft cylinder suppresses the meandering rotation of the free end side, and agitating and conveying. It can be done stably.

By thus providing the means for suppressing the meandering rotation of the spiral rotary member, it is possible to perform stable stirring and conveying without deteriorating the flexibility characteristics of the spiral rotary member and to stably heat and decompose the object to be processed. I was able to process.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present invention relates to a conveyor comprising a spiral rotating body in a cylindrical container, the core shaft cylinder being penetrated into the container. The spiral conveyer is characterized in that a spiral rotating body is provided around the outer periphery of the core shaft cylinder via a gap and is positioned in the container to stir and convey the object to be processed.

The second aspect of the present invention has a charging means for charging the object to be treated, a means for introducing the object to be treated into the inside to stir and convey, and this stirring and conveying means in the inside. Pyrolysis means for heating and pyrolyzing while moving the object to be treated, decomposition gas combustion means for burning decomposition gas from the object to be generated during heat treatment, and residue after thermal decomposition by this combustion means In the thermal decomposition processing facility, the thermal decomposition means comprises a thermal decomposition container, and the thermal decomposition container is provided so as to penetrate the core shaft cylinder and Having a spiral rotating body surrounded by a gap on the outer periphery, the means for stirring and transporting the object to be processed is composed of a spiral conveyor provided with the spiral rotating body rotatably provided in the thermal decomposition container. Heat characterized by A solution processing unit.

Further, the third invention is characterized in that a detection sensor is embedded in the core shaft cylinder. By using a temperature sensor as the detection sensor, the temperature inside the pyrolysis container can be known, and the object to be treated can be treated. It is possible to know the temperature close to the physical temperature of the object and to perform stable and reliable thermal decomposition in order to reflect it in the heating temperature control. A gas sensor may be installed instead of the temperature sensor.

[0015]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows a conceptual diagram of the thermal decomposition treatment facility of the present invention, which is an embodiment in which the thermal decomposition vessels equipped with a spiral type stirring and conveying means are stacked in two stages.

In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 is a charging means for charging an object to be treated (supplied from the crusher in the previous step), which comprises a hopper 11 and a spiral conveyor 12 driven by a motor M.

Reference numeral 20 denotes a thermal decomposition means for heating and thermally decomposing an object to be treated, and the thermal decomposition means 20 is arranged at the upper and lower sides.
It is composed of two thermal decomposition vessels (hereinafter referred to as decomposition vessels) 21 and 22, and an object to be treated is charged from a supply port 21a at one end of the upper decomposition vessel 21 and is transferred to a discharge port 21c while being agitated by a transfer means 21b. It is configured so that it is carried into the lower decomposition vessel 22 through the supply port 22a through the joint 23, transferred to the discharge port 22c while being stirred by the conveying means 22b of the decomposition container 22, and discharged from the discharge port 22c. There is.

The conveying means 21b and 22b are spiral conveyors shown in FIGS. 2 to 6 whose detailed structure will be described later, and are rotationally driven by motors M ₁ and M ₂ , respectively.

The decomposition vessels 21 and 22 are heated by external heating means, respectively. This external heating means includes a heating jacket 29 that covers the entire decomposition vessels 21 and 22, and a partition plate 2
Partitioning by 4, 28 forms hot air gas chambers 21d and 22d that separately surround the decomposition vessels 21 and 22, and these chambers are connected by a communication port 25 provided at one end side of the partition plate 24.

The hot-air stove 40 introduces the cracked gas generated during the heat treatment in the cracking vessels 21 and 22 through the cracked gas conduit 26 and burns it.

Reference numeral 41 denotes a combustion burner, which burns fuel to obtain hot air gas having a predetermined temperature. An ejector blower 42 supplies the hot air gas after heating the decomposition vessels 22 and 21 by the ejector blower 42 into the hot air stove 40, and blows it into the nozzle 43 to attract the decomposed gas into the hot air stove 40. Reference numeral 45 is a circulation blower.

As described above, in the hot blast stove 40, the hot blast gas obtained by burning the fuel in the combustion burner 41 and the decomposed gas are burned, so that the combustion temperature of this portion is 850 to 9
It reaches 00 ° C. The decomposed gas may be discharged to a separate decomposed gas combustion furnace and burned depending on its component.

Reference numeral 50 denotes a recovery means for recovering the object (carbide) to be finally heat-treated by the thermal decomposition means 20.

Next, a series of heat treatments will be described. First, before introducing the object to be treated, hot air gas is generated by the combustion burner 41 to obtain hot air gas at a predetermined temperature.

This hot air gas is supplied with the hot air gas inlet port 44, the lower hot air gas chamber 22d, and the communication port 25 as shown by the arrow.
The decomposition vessels 22 and 2 pass through the hot air gas chamber 21d in the upper stage.
After heating 1 through the circulation blower 45, a part of the gas is returned to the hot air stove 40 by the ejector blower 42, and the other part recovers a part of the heat with a heat exchanger or the like,
It is cleaned by a bag filter and discharged.

When the upper decomposition vessel 21 is subjected to the drying / dechlorination treatment and the lower decomposition vessel 22 is subjected to the volume reduction treatment by carbonization, the temperature in the lower decomposition vessel 22 is controlled by hot air gas. For example, the temperature is adjusted to 600 ° C., and the temperature in the upper decomposition vessel 21 is adjusted to, for example, 350 ° C. by introducing adjusting air into the hot air gas by a temperature adjusting means (not shown) to adjust the temperature. .

After reaching the predetermined temperature (within 1 hour after starting), the material to be treated is charged from the charging means 10 to start thermal decomposition.

The decomposed gas generated by the thermal decomposition is introduced into the hot air stove 40 through the decomposed gas conduit 26 and burned together with the circulating gas by the ejector blower 42 to obtain hot air gas.

Combustion of the combustion burner 41 can be stopped or throttled by burning after the decomposition gas is generated.

In the dechlorination treatment in the decomposition vessel 21 in the upper stage, the material to be treated and the treating agent are mixed in the charging means 10 and the mixture is heat treated. In this heat treatment, the processing conditions such as the temperature at which harmful components are deposited, the deposition amount, and the amount of the processing agent that can be sufficiently removed by reacting with the harmful components are investigated in advance based on the mixing ratio of the mixed objects to be treated. It is processed at a temperature (200 ° C to 350 ° C) and a time that can cover this.

The heating in the thermal decomposition means 20 is performed by "steaming, pyrolysis" instead of "combustion, incineration", and chlorine gas is decomposed and precipitated from the object to be treated to react with the treating agent. To produce harmless salts.

As the treating agent to be mixed with or added to the object to be treated, an alkaline substance which produces a harmless chloride by catalytic reaction with at least HCl (hydrogen chloride) is used. For example, as shown in JP-A-9-155326, JP-A-10-43731, JP-A-10-235186, and JP-A-10-235187 previously filed by the applicant of the present application, an alkaline earth metal or alkaline earth metal is used. Metal compounds, alkali metals, alkali metal compounds, specifically, calcium, lime, slaked lime, calcium carbonate, dolomite, silicates (calcium silicate, etc.), sodium hydrogen carbonate, sodium carbonate, sodium sesquicarbonate, natural soda, Sodium hydroxide,
Select one type from potassium hydroxide, potassium hydrogencarbonate, and potassium carbonate, or mix and use several types. The amount used is 5 to 30% by weight with respect to the material to be treated.

For example, the above-mentioned sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHCO 3
_{When 3} ) is used, decomposition gas of HCl component is generated in the dechlorination furnace, which is the first heat treatment furnace, but immediately reacts with sodium hydrogen carbonate to (NaHCO ₃ ) + (HCl) → (NaCl) + (H ₂
It becomes O) + (CO ₂ ), producing harmless sodium chloride (NaCl), and eliminating harmful HCl from the decomposition gas. As a result, the HCl component in the decomposition gas and the residue are rendered harmless at the same time.

The object to be treated after depositing this harmful component is
As described above, it is sent to the lower decomposition vessel 22 via the flexible joint 23, carbonized there, and the carbide is recovered by the recovery means 50. Since gas containing harmful components such as HCl and dioxins does not exist in the decomposition container 22, the carbide does not absorb it and can be reused as fuel etc. as harmless carbide.

FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing a schematic structure of the conveying means (spiral conveyors) 21b and 22b used in this embodiment. The spiral conveyors 21b and 22b are shown in FIG.
Have the same configuration, a spiral conveyor 21b provided in the thermal decomposition container 21 will be described below as an example.

In FIG. 2, reference numeral 51 denotes a core shaft cylinder, and the core shaft cylinder 51 is surrounded by a spiral rotor 52. That is, the core shaft cylinder 51 is arranged so as to penetrate (as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4) through the gap in the central portion of the spiral rotating body 52. The core barrel 51 is surrounded by a drive shaft 53 that is driven by a motor M ₁ , and two spiral rotors 52 at the left end in the figure are fixed to the drive shaft 53. 54 is a bearing.

As described above, since the core shaft cylinder 51 penetrates the gap in the central portion of the spiral rotator 52, as shown in the drawing, there is a gap between the spiral rotator 52 and the lower wall surface of the thermal decomposition vessel 21. Does not exist. Therefore, the object to be treated can be prevented from staying on the lower wall surface of the thermal decomposition container 21.

FIGS. 3 and 4 are enlarged cross-sectional views showing the detailed structure of the main parts shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the driving side and FIG. is there. First, FIG. 3 will be described. In FIG. 3A, the core cylinder 51 is surrounded by the drive shaft 53, but is fixed in a free state only by being inserted into the drive shaft 53 via the seal 55a.

The drive shaft 53 is rotatably provided on the thermal decomposition vessel 21 via a seal 55b, and is attached to a frame (not shown) by a bearing 54.
A sprocket 56 provided on a drive source such as the motor M ₁
And is driven via a chain 57. Reference numeral 58 is a gap in the central portion of the spiral rotating body 52. Reference numeral 29a is a fire resistant heat resistant material layer provided on the inner surface side of the hot air jacket 29.

FIG. 3 (b) is a sectional view taken along line bb of FIG. 3 (a), and FIG. 3 (c) is a sectional view taken along line cc of FIG.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a portion in which the object to be processed in the thermal decomposition container 21 is discharged (or the next step) and the object to be processed is transferred to the thermal decomposition container 22. The core cylinder 51 is the thermal decomposition container. It is attached to a flange 59 provided at the end of 21 via a seal 60. At the center of the core shaft cylinder 51,
The temperature sensor 61 is embedded, and the detection signal line 62 of the sensor 61 is airtightly led out from the flange 59.
Reference numeral 26a is a decomposition gas outlet.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the embedded portion of the temperature sensor 61 described in FIG. 4, and this embedded portion of the temperature sensor is
It is installed by being surrounded by ceramics 63 which has heat resistance and high thermal conductivity.

FIGS. 6 (a) and 6 (b) show radial dimensions (radial width) W of the present invention and the conventional spiral rotor.
6 is a conceptual diagram comparing the sizes of 1 and W2, and the radial dimension W1 of the spiral rotating body of the present invention shown in FIG. 6 (a).
With the presence of the core shaft cylinder 51, the spiral rotating body 52 can be supported, so that the size (width) of the rotating body can be increased, and the amount of conveyance of the object to be processed can be increased.
On the other hand, the radial dimension W2 of the conventional spiral rotating body shown in FIG. 6B can be increased because the core cylinder that supports the rotating body is not provided. Since it is difficult, the amount of material to be processed conveyed is small. The reason for this depends on the strength of the spiral rotator itself, so that it is difficult to make the spiral rotator large.

In general, the filling rate in the case of the screw conveyor is 30 to 50%, and 1 in the case of the kiln system.
It is 5 to 30%. On the other hand, in the case of the spiral method, 3
It is about 0%.

However, according to the present invention, since the width of the spiral rotator can be ensured to be large due to the existence of the core barrel, it is possible to ensure the filling rate to the extent of the screw conveyor.

[0046]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Since the core shaft cylinder is disposed through the center of the spiral rotary member without being connected to the spiral rotary member, the spiral rotary member is supported by the inner wall of the thermal decomposition container and / or the core shaft cylinder. ) Even if the radial dimension of the spiral is increased, the object to be processed can be surely driven to be conveyed and (b) the existence of the core shaft cylinder suppresses the meandering rotation of the free end side, and agitates. Since the conveyance can be carried out stably and (c) the width of the spiral rotator can be increased, the filling rate can be set high and the conveyance amount, that is, the treatment amount can be increased, and (d) the various objects to be heat-treated. In the case of performing the thermal decomposition treatment, the stirring and conveying of the object to be treated is stable, so that the heating treatment and the thermal decomposition treatment can be stably and reliably performed.

[Brief description of drawings]

FIG. 1 is a conceptual diagram of a thermal decomposition treatment facility of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a conceptual diagram showing a schematic configuration of a spiral conveyor used in the embodiment.

FIG. 3A is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a detailed configuration of a main part,
(B) is sectional drawing of bb line, (c) is sectional drawing of cc line.

FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a detailed configuration of a main part.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of an embedded portion of the temperature sensor.

6 (a) and 6 (b) are radial dimensions (radial width) W1 and W2 of the present invention and the conventional spiral rotating body.
Conceptual diagram to compare the size of.

FIG. 7 is a schematic configuration diagram of a spiral conveyor system used in a thermal decomposition processing apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 ... Input means 20 ... Thermal decomposition means 21, 22 ... Pyrolysis container 21b, 22b ... Conveying means (spiral) 26. Decomposition gas conduit 29 ... Hot air jacket 40 ... Hot stove 41 ... Combustion burner 42 ... Ejector blower 50 ... Collection means 51 ... Core barrel 52 ... Spiral rotating body 53 ... Drive shaft 54 ... Bearing 58 ... Gap 61 ... Temperature sensor 62 ... Detection signal line 63 ... Ceramics

─────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification code FI theme code (reference) F23G 5/027 ZAB F23G 5/027 ZABZ 5/44 5/44 BF term (reference) 3F040 BA01 DA08 EA01 FA02 3K061 AA23 AB02 AC01 FA03 FA12 3K065 AA23 AB02 AC01 EA06 EA23 4D004 AA46 AC05 BA03 CA15 CA22 CA24 CA26 CA27 CB04 CB16 CB28 CB34 CB36 CB45 DA01 DA06 DA10

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A spiral conveyor having a spiral rotator in a cylindrical container, wherein a core shaft cylinder is provided through the container, and the core shaft cylinder is surrounded by a gap. A spiral conveyor characterized by being provided with a spiral rotator located inside the container for stirring and transporting an object to be processed. 2. A charging means for charging a material to be processed, a means for introducing the charged material to be processed into the inside and stirring and carrying the same, the stirring and carrying means is provided inside, and the means for moving the processing object. A thermal decomposition means for heating and pyrolyzing while heating, a decomposition gas combustion means for combusting decomposition gas from the object to be generated generated during the heat treatment, and a recovery means for recovering the residue after thermal decomposition by the combustion means. In the thermal decomposition treatment facility provided, the thermal decomposition means comprises a thermal decomposition container, the core shaft cylinder is provided in the thermal decomposition container, and a gap is provided on the outer periphery of the core shaft cylinder. Characterized in that it has a spiral rotating body surrounded by, the means for stirring and transporting the object to be treated is constituted by a spiral conveyor provided with the spiral rotating body rotatably provided in the thermal decomposition vessel. Spiral conveyor Pyrolysis treatment equipment using. 3. A thermal decomposition treatment apparatus using a spiral conveyor according to claim 2, wherein a detection sensor is embedded in the core shaft cylinder.