JP2003208926A - How to charge lead storage batteries - Google Patents
How to charge lead storage batteriesInfo
- Publication number
- JP2003208926A JP2003208926A JP2002004309A JP2002004309A JP2003208926A JP 2003208926 A JP2003208926 A JP 2003208926A JP 2002004309 A JP2002004309 A JP 2002004309A JP 2002004309 A JP2002004309 A JP 2002004309A JP 2003208926 A JP2003208926 A JP 2003208926A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- charging
- voltage
- constant
- lead
- lead storage
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Secondary Cells (AREA)
Abstract
(57)【要約】
【課題】 簡素な機能で寿命の延長が図れる鉛蓄電池の
充電方法を得る。
【解決手段】 充電開始直後の電圧または電圧の変化率
を測定し、それが一定値以上であれば所定時間の定電流
充電を行った後定電圧充電に切り替え、充電開始直後の
電圧または電圧の変化率が一定値未満であれば定電圧充
電を行う鉛蓄電池の充電方法である。
(57) [Summary] [PROBLEMS] To provide a method for charging a lead-acid battery that can extend the life with a simple function. SOLUTION: The voltage or the rate of change of the voltage immediately after the start of charging is measured, and if the voltage or the rate of change is equal to or more than a fixed value, the constant current charging is performed for a predetermined time and then switched to the constant voltage charging. If the rate of change is less than a certain value, this is a method of charging a lead storage battery that performs constant voltage charging.
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は、鉛蓄電池の充電方
法に関するもので、さらに詳しく言えば、長期間放置さ
れたり、過放電状態で放置された鉛蓄電池が充電不足に
ならずに充電できる鉛蓄電池の充電方法に関するもので
ある。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】鉛蓄電池の充電方法には、充電電流を一
定に制御して規定時間充電する定電流充電方式や充電電
圧を一定に制御して必要な電気量を充電する定電圧充電
方式が採用されている。
【０００３】定電流充電方式は、充電初期から中期には
効率よく充電することができるが、充電末期には電解液
中の水の電気分解が副反応として生じて充電効率が低下
するため、放電深度が比較的浅い鉛蓄電池には充電電圧
を一定に制御して上記副反応を最小限に抑える定電圧充
電方式が採用されている。この定電圧充電方式は、減液
速度を抑え、寿命を延ばすことができるため、自動車搭
載電池に採用されている。この自動車搭載電池の充電方
法では、レギュレーターによって充電電圧を約１４．８
Ｖに設定している。
【０００４】このような定電圧充電方式は、放電深度が
浅い鉛蓄電池の場合、電圧の上昇による電解液中の水の
電気分解を少なく抑えることができるため、鉛蓄電池の
長寿命が期待できるが、長期間放置されたり、過放電状
態で放置された鉛蓄電池を充電した場合には、充電開始
直後に電圧が急上昇することがあって、すぐに電圧がレ
ギュレーター電圧に達し、流れる電流はこれに対応して
大幅に小さくなる。そのため、充電受け入れ性能が低下
して、鉛蓄電池が充電不足となり、短寿命の原因にな
る。
【０００５】このような問題を解決するものとして、特
開平１１−３３９８５９号公報に、充電開始時の充電電
圧値ＶSと放電状態判定電圧値ＶCとを比較し、ＶS≧ＶC
の場合は定電圧充電し、ＶS＜ＶCの場合は定電流充電す
ることが開示されている。
【０００６】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】ところが、前述した特
開平１１−３３９８５９号公報に記載されたものは、放
電深度に応じて鉛蓄電池を過不足なく充電することはで
きるが、長期間放置されたり、過放電状態で放置された
鉛蓄電池は、充電開始直後に電圧が急上昇してＶ S≧ＶC
になることがあるため、このような鉛蓄電池に対しては
充電不足を生じるという問題があった。
【０００７】
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明は上記課題を解決
するためになされたもので、長期間放置されたり、過放
電状態で放置された鉛蓄電池に対しても、充電不足を生
じることなく充電することができる充電方法を提供する
ことを目的としたものである。すなわち、その請求項１
記載の発明は、鉛蓄電池の充電開始直後の電圧または電
圧の変化率を測定し、それが一定値以上であれば所定時
間の定電流充電を行った後定電圧充電に切り替え、充電
開始直後の電圧または電圧の変化率が一定値未満であれ
ば定電圧充電を行うことを特徴とする鉛蓄電池の充電方
法である。これにより、充電初期の所定時間は、レギュ
レータ電圧の設定値を高くして定電流充電が行えるよう
にし、所定時間経過後は、通常の定電圧充電に戻してい
るから、長期間放置されたり、過放電状態で放置された
鉛蓄電池に対しては、初期に高エネルギーで効率的な充
電を行い、所定時間経過後は低エネルギーの通常のレギ
ュレータ電圧に戻して充電を行うことができ、定電流充
電で生じる充電末期の充電効率の低下を最小限に抑えた
充電を行うことができる。
【０００８】
【発明の実施の形態】以下、本発明をその実施の形態に
基づいて説明する。
【０００９】長期間放置された状態をシミュレーション
するため、１２Ｖ、１８Ａｈの鉛蓄電池を作製し、これ
を３時間率の電流で放電深度８０％まで放電した後、充
電せずに１０時間放置した。
【００１０】上記した鉛蓄電池を、充電電圧を１４．４
Ｖ、最大電流を０．８３Ａになるようにして定電圧充電
を行ったところ、図1に示したように、電圧はその充電
開始直後に急激に上昇して１４．４Ｖの設定電圧に到達
し、電流はその充電開始直後の内部抵抗が大きいため、
微小電流しか流れず、その後内部抵抗が小さくなって徐
々に増加するものの、充電開始から２０分経過するまで
の充電電気量は０．０９Ａｈであった。また、上記した
鉛蓄電池を、充電電流を０．８３Ａにした定電流充電を
行ったところ、図2に示したように、電圧は充電開始直
後に急激に上昇して１５．７Ｖになり、電流は充電開始
直後から０．８３Ａを維持し、その後電圧が徐々に低下
して充電開始から２０分経過するまでの充電電気量は
０．２７Ａｈであった。
【００１１】このことから、上記した状態にある鉛蓄電
池は、定電流充電を行うと、定電圧充電を行ったより、
充電効率が約３倍向上するが、定電流充電を継続する
と、充電末期に水の電気分解による電圧の上昇があって
充電効率が低下するため、本発明の充電方法は、鉛蓄電
池の充電開始直後の電圧を測定し、それが一定値以上で
あれば所定時間の定電流充電を行った後定電圧充電に切
り替え、充電開始直後の電圧が一定値未満であれば定電
圧充電を行うようにしたことを特徴とする。たとえば、
上記した１２Ｖ、１８Ａｈの鉛蓄電池の場合は、図３に
示したように、充電開始直後の電圧が、１５Ｖ以上であ
れば、４０分間、０．８３Ａで定電流充電を行い、その
後は設定電圧を１４．４Ｖにした定電圧充電を行うもの
である。この場合、充電開始直後の電圧が、１５Ｖ以上
であれば、レギュレータの設定電圧を１６Ｖまで上昇さ
せて定電流充電になるようにし、その後電圧が１４．４
Ｖまで低下したことを検出して、レギュレータの設定電
圧を１４．４Ｖにして定電圧充電を行うようにすること
で、充電末期の充電効率の低下を抑制している。
【００１２】上記した本発明の実施の形態では、充電開
始直後の電圧を検出し、それが一定値以上であれば所定
時間の定電流充電を行った後定電圧充電に切り替え、充
電開始直後の電圧が一定値未満であれば定電圧充電を行
うようにしているが、充電開始直後の電圧の検出に代え
て電圧の変化率を検出するようにしてもよい。
【００１３】なお、上記した本発明の実施の形態は、自
動車に搭載する鉛蓄電池について、レギュレータの設定
電圧が変化できることを前提にしているが、この場合、
定電圧充電を行う電圧を、周囲温度が高い場合は低く
し、周囲温度が低い場合は高くするような制御を併用す
れば、さらに鉛蓄電池の寿命の延長が可能になる。
【００１４】
【発明の効果】上述した如く、本発明の鉛蓄電池の充電
方法によれば、長期間放置されたり、過放電状態で放置
された鉛蓄電池に対しても、充電不足を生じることな
く、効率良く充電することができ、特に自動車に搭載す
る鉛蓄電池のように、簡素な機能で寿命の延長が必要な
用途に寄与するところが大である。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
[0001]
The present invention relates to a method for charging a lead storage battery.
About the law, and more specifically,
Lead-acid batteries left in an over-discharged state
It relates to the method of charging lead storage batteries that can be charged without
is there.
[0002]
2. Description of the Related Art A method for charging a lead-acid battery involves reducing the charging current.
Constant current charging method and charging
Constant voltage charging that controls the pressure to maintain the required amount of electricity
The method is adopted.
[0003] The constant current charging method is used from the initial to the middle of charging.
Although the battery can be charged efficiently,
Electrolysis of water in water occurs as a side reaction, lowering charging efficiency
Therefore, a lead-acid battery with a relatively shallow depth of discharge requires a charging voltage
Constant voltage control to minimize the above side reactions
Electric system is adopted. This constant voltage charging method
Speed can be reduced and service life can be extended,
It is used in on-board batteries. How to charge this car battery
According to the method, the charging voltage is about 14.8 by a regulator.
V is set.
[0004] In such a constant voltage charging method, the depth of discharge is reduced.
In the case of a shallow lead-acid battery, the water in the electrolyte
Since electrolysis can be reduced,
Long life can be expected, but if left for a long time or
When a lead-acid battery left unattended is charged, charging starts
Immediately after that, the voltage may rise sharply,
When the regulator voltage is reached, the current flowing
Significantly smaller. As a result, the charging acceptance performance decreases
As a result, the lead-acid battery becomes insufficiently charged, causing a short life.
You.
To solve such a problem, a special
Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. Hei 11-339859 discloses a charging power at the start of charging.
Pressure value VSAnd discharge state determination voltage VCAnd VS≧ VC
In the case of, charge at constant voltage andS<VCIn case of
Is disclosed.
[0006]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION However, the aforementioned features
Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 11-339859 discloses a
It is not possible to charge a lead storage battery properly or in accordance with the depth of electricity.
But left for a long period of time or overdischarged
The voltage of a lead-acid battery rises immediately after S≧ VC
For such lead-acid batteries,
There was a problem of insufficient charging.
[0007]
The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems.
That have been left for long periods or
Insufficient charging of lead-acid batteries left uncharged
Provide a charging method that can be charged without fogging
It is intended for that purpose. That is, claim 1
The described invention applies to the voltage or voltage immediately after the start of charging the lead-acid battery.
Measure the rate of change of pressure, and if it is above a certain value,
After switching to constant voltage charging after constant current charging for
If the voltage or the rate of change of the voltage immediately after the start is less than a certain value
Charging a lead-acid battery characterized by performing constant voltage charging
Is the law. As a result, the prescribed time at the beginning of charging is regulated.
The constant current charging can be performed by increasing the set value of the
After a lapse of a predetermined time, the battery is returned to normal constant-voltage charging.
The battery has been left for a long period of time or overdischarged
Initially, high energy and efficient recharge
After the specified time has elapsed, use a low energy
The charge can be performed by returning to the
Minimized decline in charging efficiency at the end of charging caused by electricity
Can be charged.
[0008]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to its embodiments.
It will be described based on the following.
Simulation of a state left for a long time
In order to do this, a 12V, 18Ah lead-acid battery
After discharging at a current of 3 hours to a discharge depth of 80%,
It was left for 10 hours without electricity.
The above lead storage battery is charged with a charging voltage of 14.4.
V, constant voltage charging with a maximum current of 0.83A
After that, as shown in Fig. 1, the voltage
Immediately after starting, it rises sharply and reaches the set voltage of 14.4V
However, the current has a large internal resistance immediately after the start of charging,
Only a small current flows, and then the internal resistance decreases and gradually
Although it increases gradually, until 20 minutes have passed since the start of charging
Was 0.09 Ah. Also mentioned above
Constant current charging of a lead-acid battery with a charging current of 0.83 A
As a result, as shown in FIG. 2, the voltage was
Later, it rapidly rises to 15.7 V, and the current starts charging
Immediately after, maintain 0.83A, then the voltage gradually decreases
And the amount of electricity charged until 20 minutes have passed since the start of charging
It was 0.27 Ah.
[0011] From this, the lead storage in the state described above
When the pond performs constant-current charging, it performs a constant-voltage charging.
Charging efficiency is improved about 3 times, but constant current charging is continued
And at the end of charging, there was a rise in voltage due to electrolysis of water
Because the charging efficiency is reduced, the charging method of the present invention
Measure the voltage immediately after the battery starts charging, and if it is
If there is, perform constant-current charging for a predetermined time and then switch to constant-voltage charging.
If the voltage immediately after the start of charging is less than a certain value,
It is characterized in that pressure charging is performed. For example,
In the case of the above-mentioned 12V, 18Ah lead storage battery, FIG.
As shown, the voltage immediately after the start of charging is 15 V or more.
Then, constant current charging is performed at 0.83 A for 40 minutes.
After that, constant voltage charging with the set voltage at 14.4V
It is. In this case, the voltage immediately after the start of charging is 15 V or more.
Then, increase the set voltage of the regulator to 16V.
To charge the battery at a constant current.
V is detected to have dropped to
To make the voltage 14.4V and perform constant voltage charging
This suppresses a decrease in charging efficiency at the end of charging.
In the above embodiment of the present invention, the charging
Detects the voltage immediately after the start
After performing constant-current charging for a period of time, switch to constant-voltage charging and charge
If the voltage immediately after the start of charging is less than a certain
Instead of detecting the voltage immediately after the start of charging.
Alternatively, the rate of change of the voltage may be detected.
Note that the above-described embodiment of the present invention
Regulator setting for lead-acid batteries mounted on vehicles
It is assumed that the voltage can be changed. In this case,
Reduce the voltage for constant voltage charging if the ambient temperature is high.
If the ambient temperature is low, use a control that increases the ambient temperature.
Then, the life of the lead storage battery can be further extended.
[0014]
As described above, the charging of the lead storage battery of the present invention is as described above.
According to the method, it is left for a long time or left in an overdischarged state
Insufficient charging of lead batteries
And can be charged efficiently, especially in automobiles.
Need longer life with simple functions like lead-acid batteries
It greatly contributes to the application.
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】定電圧充電を行った場合の電圧、電流の変化を
示す図である。
【図２】定電流充電を行った場合の電圧、電流の変化を
示す図である。
【図３】本発明の充電方法にて充電を行った場合の電
圧、電流の変化を示す図である。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a diagram showing changes in voltage and current when constant voltage charging is performed. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing changes in voltage and current when constant current charging is performed. FIG. 3 is a diagram showing changes in voltage and current when charging is performed by the charging method of the present invention.
フロントページの続き Ｆターム(参考） 5H028 BB10 BB11 5H030 AA00 AA01 AS08 BB02 BB03 FF43 Continuation of front page F term (reference) 5H028 BB10 BB11 5H030 AA00 AA01 AS08 BB02 BB03 FF43
Claims (1)
圧の変化率を測定し、それが一定値以上であれば所定時
間の定電流充電を行った後定電圧充電に切り替え、充電
開始直後の電圧または電圧の変化率が一定値未満であれ
ば定電圧充電を行うことを特徴とする鉛蓄電池の充電方
法。Claims: 1. A voltage or a rate of change of a voltage immediately after the start of charging of a lead storage battery is measured. If the measured value is equal to or more than a predetermined value, constant current charging is performed for a predetermined time and then constant voltage charging is performed. A method for charging a lead-acid battery, wherein constant voltage charging is performed if the voltage or the rate of change of the voltage immediately after switching and charging is less than a certain value.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002004309A JP2003208926A (en) | 2002-01-11 | 2002-01-11 | How to charge lead storage batteries |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002004309A JP2003208926A (en) | 2002-01-11 | 2002-01-11 | How to charge lead storage batteries |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2003208926A true JP2003208926A (en) | 2003-07-25 |
Family
ID=27643665
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002004309A Pending JP2003208926A (en) | 2002-01-11 | 2002-01-11 | How to charge lead storage batteries |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2003208926A (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011234526A (en) * | 2010-04-28 | 2011-11-17 | Sony Corp | Charging control method and battery pack |
-
2002
- 2002-01-11 JP JP2002004309A patent/JP2003208926A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2011234526A (en) * | 2010-04-28 | 2011-11-17 | Sony Corp | Charging control method and battery pack |
| US8773069B2 (en) | 2010-04-28 | 2014-07-08 | Sony Corporation | Charge/discharge control method |
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