JP2003226503A - Hydrogen separation and carbon production method from town gas - Google Patents
Hydrogen separation and carbon production method from town gasInfo
- Publication number
- JP2003226503A JP2003226503A JP2002066109A JP2002066109A JP2003226503A JP 2003226503 A JP2003226503 A JP 2003226503A JP 2002066109 A JP2002066109 A JP 2002066109A JP 2002066109 A JP2002066109 A JP 2002066109A JP 2003226503 A JP2003226503 A JP 2003226503A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- cathode
- hydrogen
- gas
- carbon
- town gas
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 26
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 19
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 14
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 title 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 claims description 3
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 claims description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 6
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- -1 carbon ions Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 150000002431 hydrogen Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052715 tantalum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N tantalum atom Chemical compound [Ta] GUVRBAGPIYLISA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000001722 carbon compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002407 reforming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Landscapes
- Fuel Cell (AREA)
- Hydrogen, Water And Hydrids (AREA)
- Carbon And Carbon Compounds (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【発明の詳細な説明】
都市ガス或いは炭化水素系ガスに水蒸気を混合して水素
を生成する、化学的改質法は二酸化炭素も同時に発生す
るので、地球温暖化の遠因となる。それ故、物理的分離
法も必要である。しかし、従来の炭化水素系ガスの物理
的分解は、ヒーターによる数百度℃の熱分解か、小電流
のグロー放電によるガスの弱電離によるものだった。そ
のため、ガスからの水素の分離は全く不十分で、水素の
純度を必要とする燃料電池等には役立たなかった。さ
て、都市ガスから効率良く水素を分離して燃料電池に供
給できれば、張り巡らせた供給網が生きるので、エネル
ギー危機と環境問題にも大きく貢献することが最近報ぜ
られている。そこで、炭素化合物の多い都市ガスから、
炭素系ガスと水素を強く分離するために、高温によるガ
スの熱分解と電子流によるガスの電離を効果的に行なう
方法として、都市ガスのホロー熱陰極放電を提案する。
図面に示したように、放電の陰極となる高融点金属のタ
ンタルまたはタングステンのパイプの中を通して都市ガ
スを供給し、中心に穴の開いた放電陽極との間で大電流
放電を行なう。このときイオンの逆流衝突でその陰極は
自動的に加熱され、パイプ陰極のガスの出口付近は２０
００℃以上にも熱せられる。この高い温度で、先ず、ガ
スが熱的に分解される。次に、大電流の電子を放出する
この熱陰極と陽極の間に大電流放電が起きて、その分解
されたガスを強度に電離する。電離で生じた炭素イオン
と水素イオンは拡散して放電領域を離れると炭素、水素
に戻る。そして、水素は陽極の穴を通して炭素より速や
かに排気され、炭素は陰極の周辺に析出する。即ち、水
素は排気、炭素は析出で分離される。排気される水素は
油回転ポンプで圧縮され、大気圧になって排出される。
連続的に都市ガスを供給するときは、陰極の周辺に析出
する炭素を、陰極の下部に溜めて、後に取り出せばよ
い。都市ガスから、二酸化炭素を出さないで、簡単で、
装置的にも安価に水素が得られるようになれば、効率の
よい燃料電池が世間一般に普及する。かくして、残り少
ない石油や危険な原子力に代ってエネルギー危機を救う
ことができる。DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION In a chemical reforming method in which water vapor is mixed with a city gas or a hydrocarbon-based gas to generate hydrogen, carbon dioxide is also generated at the same time, which is a distant cause of global warming. Therefore, a physical separation method is also required. However, the conventional physical decomposition of hydrocarbon-based gas has been based on thermal decomposition at several hundred degrees Celsius by a heater or weak ionization of the gas by a small current glow discharge. For this reason, the separation of hydrogen from the gas was completely inadequate, and was not useful for fuel cells and the like that required the purity of hydrogen. Now, it has recently been reported that if hydrogen can be efficiently separated from city gas and supplied to the fuel cell, the extended supply network will survive and greatly contribute to the energy crisis and environmental problems. Therefore, from city gas, which is rich in carbon compounds,
We propose hollow hot cathode discharge of city gas as a method to effectively separate gas by thermal decomposition at high temperature and ionize gas by electron flow in order to strongly separate carbon-based gas and hydrogen.
As shown in the drawing, city gas is supplied through a pipe of tantalum or tungsten of a high melting point metal serving as a discharge cathode, and a large current discharge is performed between the discharge gas and a discharge anode having a hole in the center. At this time, the cathode is heated automatically by the back-flow collision of the ions, and the vicinity of the gas outlet of the pipe cathode is 20 mm.
It can be heated above 00 ° C. At this elevated temperature, the gas is first thermally decomposed. Next, a large current discharge occurs between the hot cathode and the anode, which emit large current electrons, and the decomposed gas is strongly ionized. The carbon ions and hydrogen ions generated by ionization diffuse and return to carbon and hydrogen when leaving the discharge region. Then, hydrogen is evacuated faster than carbon through holes in the anode, and carbon deposits around the cathode. That is, hydrogen is exhausted and carbon is separated by precipitation. The evacuated hydrogen is compressed by an oil rotary pump, discharged to atmospheric pressure.
When the city gas is supplied continuously, carbon deposited around the cathode may be collected at the lower portion of the cathode and then extracted later. It is simple, without emitting carbon dioxide from city gas.
If hydrogen can be obtained at low cost in terms of equipment, efficient fuel cells will be widely used in the world. Thus, an energy crisis can be saved in place of scarce oil and dangerous nuclear power.
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】都市ガスの高熱分解と強電離を同時に行なう装
置の構成図
【図２】ホロー熱陰極放電による炭素と水素の分離表示
図
【符号の説明】
１は都市ガス＜ＣＸＨＹ＞（供給口）、２は（陰極）ベ
ース、３はＴａ（タンタル）またはＷ（タングステンパ
イプ）の放電陰極、４は（陰極保護の）金属円筒、５は
絶縁管、６は（中心に穴の開いた）放電陽極、７は放電
電源、８は抵抗、９は（析出する）炭素、１０は（排気
された）水素（Ｈ２）、１１は（排気圧縮用の油）回転
ポンプ、１２は（陰極の）高温領域、１３は放電プラズ
マ（領域：炭素イオン、水素イオン、電子）、１４は
（排気される）水素（Ｈ２）。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a block diagram of an apparatus for simultaneously performing high thermal decomposition and strong ionization of city gas. FIG. 2 is a diagram showing separation of carbon and hydrogen by hollow hot cathode discharge. Gas <C X H Y > (supply port), 2 is a (cathode) base, 3 is a discharge cathode of Ta (tantalum) or W (tungsten pipe), 4 is a metal cylinder (for cathode protection), 5 is an insulating tube, 6 is a discharge anode (having a hole in the center), 7 is a discharge power supply, 8 is a resistor, 9 is (deposited) carbon, 10 is (exhausted) hydrogen (H 2 ), and 11 is (for exhaust compression). Oil) rotary pump, 12 is a high temperature region (of the cathode), 13 is discharge plasma (region: carbon ions, hydrogen ions, electrons), and 14 is hydrogen (H 2 ) (exhausted).
Claims (1)
して供給し、陽極との間で放電させ、陰極での熱分解と
放電による電離で、炭素と水素に分離する方法。Claims: 1. A hydrocarbon-based gas is supplied through a metal pipe cathode, discharged between the anode, and separated into carbon and hydrogen by thermal decomposition at the cathode and ionization due to the discharge. Method.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002066109A JP2003226503A (en) | 2002-02-04 | 2002-02-04 | Hydrogen separation and carbon production method from town gas |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002066109A JP2003226503A (en) | 2002-02-04 | 2002-02-04 | Hydrogen separation and carbon production method from town gas |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2003226503A true JP2003226503A (en) | 2003-08-12 |
Family
ID=27751318
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002066109A Pending JP2003226503A (en) | 2002-02-04 | 2002-02-04 | Hydrogen separation and carbon production method from town gas |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP2003226503A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005298286A (en) * | 2004-04-13 | 2005-10-27 | Japan Science & Technology Agency | Hydrocarbon cracking apparatus and hydrocarbon cracking method |
| JP2009526744A (en) * | 2006-02-15 | 2009-07-23 | イージーティー エンタープライゼズ，インク． | Electrical reaction technology for fuel processing. |
| JP5407003B1 (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2014-02-05 | Ｓａｉｓｅｉ合同会社 | Methane gas cracker |
-
2002
- 2002-02-04 JP JP2002066109A patent/JP2003226503A/en active Pending
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2005298286A (en) * | 2004-04-13 | 2005-10-27 | Japan Science & Technology Agency | Hydrocarbon cracking apparatus and hydrocarbon cracking method |
| JP2009526744A (en) * | 2006-02-15 | 2009-07-23 | イージーティー エンタープライゼズ，インク． | Electrical reaction technology for fuel processing. |
| JP5407003B1 (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2014-02-05 | Ｓａｉｓｅｉ合同会社 | Methane gas cracker |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| TWI364316B (en) | Gas abatement | |
| Schoenbach et al. | Microhollow cathode discharges | |
| Shi et al. | Parallel operation of microhollow cathode discharges | |
| US7394041B2 (en) | Apparatus for treating a waste gas using plasma torch | |
| JP2007522935A5 (en) | ||
| US20140291162A1 (en) | METHOD AND SYSTEM FOR TREATING CARBON GASES BY ELECTROCHEMICAL HYDROGENATION IN ORDER TO OBTAIN A CxHyOz COMPOUND | |
| US20090166191A1 (en) | Apparatus for Generating Water Electrolytic Gas | |
| JP2003518316A5 (en) | ||
| RU2010104010A (en) | CARBON-FREE DISSOCIATION OF WATER AND THE RELATED PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN | |
| US6765216B2 (en) | Method and apparatus for producing atomic flows of molecular gases | |
| CN113731325B (en) | Device for synthesizing nitrogen oxide by air plasma | |
| JP2003226503A (en) | Hydrogen separation and carbon production method from town gas | |
| TW200501346A (en) | Ion doping apparatus, ion doping method and semiconductor device | |
| JP2011065898A5 (en) | ||
| CN107072027A (en) | Plasma gasification spray gun | |
| WO2002019379A1 (en) | Device and process for producing dc glow discharge | |
| JPH0160889B2 (en) | ||
| CN209845423U (en) | Plasma generator adopting series cooling mode | |
| CN220068140U (en) | Novel heat dissipation type medical cyclotron ion source cathode support | |
| Rakhovsky | Current density per cathode spot in vacuum arcs | |
| CN204434714U (en) | The equipment of a kind of subatmospheric plasma enhancing nitriding | |
| CN104561888A (en) | Equipment and method for enhancing nitridation of low-pressure plasma | |
| RU2255436C1 (en) | Glow discharge plasma generator with liquid electrolyte cathode | |
| CN203075826U (en) | Blind-window type large-area plasma waste gas treatment device | |
| KR101965343B1 (en) | Plasma texturing method |