JP2004126345A - Light reflection film and back light device for image display using the same - Google Patents
Light reflection film and back light device for image display using the same Download PDFInfo
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- JP2004126345A JP2004126345A JP2002292237A JP2002292237A JP2004126345A JP 2004126345 A JP2004126345 A JP 2004126345A JP 2002292237 A JP2002292237 A JP 2002292237A JP 2002292237 A JP2002292237 A JP 2002292237A JP 2004126345 A JP2004126345 A JP 2004126345A
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- film
- light
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- JJPSXRFKUBPALH-UHFFFAOYSA-N bis[5-[2-(2-methylprop-2-enoyloxy)ethyl]-2-(2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-4-yl)phenyl] decanedioate Chemical compound C=1C(CCOC(=O)C(C)=C)=CC=C(C2CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C2)C=1OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC1=CC(CCOC(=O)C(=C)C)=CC=C1C1CC(C)(C)NC(C)(C)C1 JJPSXRFKUBPALH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Images
Landscapes
- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Porous Articles, And Recovery And Treatment Of Waste Products (AREA)
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、光反射部材用に使用される、内部に気泡を含有する白色フィルムの改良に関し、さらに詳しくは液晶画面用のエッジライトおよび直下型ライトの面光源の反射板、およびリフレクターに用いられる部材であって、長期間使用しても反射率、輝度及び輝度均一性に優れた光反射フィルムに関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
液晶画面の照明用器材として、導光板のエッジから冷陰極線管を照明光源とした、いわゆるエッジライト方式が広く使用されている(例えば、特許文献1参照。)。この照明方法において、より光を効率的に活用するため、冷陰極線管の周囲にリフレクターが設けられ、更に導光板から拡散された光を液晶画面側に効率的に反射させるために導光板の下には反射板が設けられている。これにより冷陰極線管からの光のロスを少なくし、液晶画面を明るくする機能を付与している。また、液晶テレビのような大画面用では、エッジライト方式では画面の高輝度化が望めないことから直下型ライト方式が採用されてきている。この方式は、液晶画面の下部に冷陰極線管を並列に設けるもので、反射板の上に平行に冷陰極線管が並べられる。反射板は平面状であったり、冷陰極線管の部分を半円凹状に成形したものなどが用いられる。
【0003】
このような液晶画面用の面光源に用いられるリフレクターや反射板(面光源反射部材と総称する)には、高い反射機能が要求され、従来、白色染料、白色顔料を添加したフィルムや内部に微細な気泡を含有させたフィルムが単独で、もしくはこれらのフィルムと金属板、プラスチック板などとを張り合わせたものが使用されてきた(例えば、特許文献2、特許文献3参照。)。 近年、液晶画面を使用した用途の拡大はめざましく、これらの光反射フィルムも、据え置き型のパソコン、液晶テレビ、携帯電話のディスプレイ、各種ゲーム機などで広く採用されてきている。このような用途拡大に応じて画面の高輝度化、高精細化が望まれており、照明光源も高出力化や光源ランプ数の増加などの改良が図られてきている。更に液晶テレビのような大画面で、長時間使用などの要求に応えるためには、より高い輝度と耐久性が求められており、特に直下型の光源を使用する場合等においては光源から発光される光が直接当たることとなるために、より高度な反射板の耐久性が求められる。この点、従来のフィルムを使用したリクレクターや反射板では、長時間使用するとフィルムの劣化に伴う黄変が発生し、反射特性が低下し、引いては画面の輝度を低下させるという問題が生じるため、フィルムそのものの劣化に伴う黄変を防止するために、フィルム中に光安定剤を添加する方法や、光安定剤を含有する塗布層を設けたものが開発されている(例えば、特許文献3、特許文献4参照)。
【0004】
【特許文献1】特開昭63−62104号公報
【0005】
【特許文献2】特開平6−322153号公報
【0006】
【特許文献3】特開平7−118433号公報
【0007】
【特許文献4】特開2001−287327号公報
【0008】
【特許文献5】特開2002−90515号公報
【0009】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、内部に気泡を含有する白色フィルム(白色基材フィルムということがある)に耐光性の塗布層を設ける場合、単に光安定剤を含有する塗布層を設けただけでは、表面光沢度が高いために、バックライトとして使用した際、極端に明るい部分(以下、輝線という)が一部発生するという問題があった。そこで本発明者らは、この問題について鋭意検討した結果、この原因が表面層が平滑化され、光拡散性が低下していることに起因するという知見を得た。また、この問題を解決するためには、塗布層に粒子を添加し表面光沢度を低減させることが有効であることを見出し、また、単に粒子を添加した光安定剤含有塗布層面を設けるだけでは、反射特性すなわちバックライトとしての輝度及び均一性が不十分であることを明らかとした。更に鋭意検討を進めた結果、光安定剤を含有する塗布層の表面粗さによって、光沢度および輝度が著しく変化することを突き止めた。また、この問題を解決するには、塗剤調合における粒子の分散方法や、塗工装置および塗工ロールの種類、塗膜の乾燥条件を選定することが有効であることを見出し、これらの方法によって塗布層面内での粒子の分散性をコントロールし、特定の光沢度と表面粗さを満足することで、従来の問題を一挙に解決し、より輝度均一性に優れ、かつ長時間使用においても輝度の経時的低下が少なく、高品質を長期にわたって維持できる光反射フィルムを提供することができることを見出したものである。
【0010】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、上記課題を解決するために、主として以下の構成を有する。すなわち、内部に気泡を含有する白色フィルムの少なくとも片面に光安定剤を含有する塗布層が設けられており、該塗布面の60°光沢度が40%以下であり、かつ十点平均粗さRzが2500nm以上であることを特徴とする光反射フィルム、および、該光反射フィルムが用いられてなることを特徴とする画像表示用バックライト装置である。
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明においては、基材となるフィルムの内部に気泡を含有する白色フィルムの少なくとも片面に、光安定剤を含有する塗布層を設けることが必要である。光安定剤としては、ヒンダードアミン系、サリチル酸系、ベンゾフェノン系、ベンゾトリアゾール系、シアノアクリレート系、トリアジン系、ベンゾエート系、蓚酸アニリド系などの有機系の光安定剤、あるいはゾルゲルなどの無機系の光安定剤を用いることができる。好適に用いられる光安定剤の具体例を以下に示すが、もちろんこれらに限定されるものではない。
【0012】
ヒンダードアミン系: ビス(2,2,6,6−テトラメチル−4−ピペリジル)セバケート、コハク酸ジメチル・1−(2−ヒドロキシエチル)−4−ヒドロキシ−2,2,6,6−テトラメチルピペリジン重縮合物、
サリチル酸系: p−t−ブチルフェニルサリシレート、p−オクチルフェニルサリシレート、
ベンゾフェノン系:2,4−ジヒドロキシベンゾフェノン、2−ヒドロキシ−4−メトキシベンゾフェノン、2−ヒドロキシ−4−メトキシ−5−スルホベンゾフェノン、2,2’−4,4’−テトラヒドロキシベンゾフェノン、2,2’−ジヒドロキシ−4−メトキシベンゾフェノン、2,2’−ジヒドロキシ−4,4’−ジメトキシベンゾフェノン、ビス(2−メトキシ−4−ヒドロキシ−5−ベンゾイルフェニル)メタン、
ベンゾトリアゾール系: 2−(2’−ヒドロキシ−5’−メチルフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2−(2’−ヒドロキシ−5’−t−ブチルフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2−(2’−ヒドロキシ−3’,5’−ジ−t−ブチルフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2−(2’−ヒドロキシ−3’−t−ブチル−5’−メチルフェニル)−5−クロロベンゾトリアゾール、2−(2’−ヒドロキシ−3’,5’−ジ・t−ブチルフェニル)−5−クロロベンゾトリアゾール、2−(2’−ヒドロキシ−5’−t−オクチルフェノール)ベンゾトリアゾール、2−(2’−ヒドロキシ−3’,5’−ジ・t−アミルフェニル)ベンゾトリアゾール、2,2’−メチレンビス[4−(1,1,3,3−テトラメチルブチル)−6−(2H−ベンゾトリアゾール−2−イル)フェノール]、2(2’ヒドロキシ−5’−メタアクリロキシフェニル)−2H−ベンゾトリアゾール、2−[2’−ヒドロキシ−3’−(3″,4″,5″,6″−テトラヒドロフタルイミドメチル)−5’−メチルフェニル]ベンゾトリアゾール、2−(2’−ヒドロキシ−5−アクリロイルオキシエチルフェニル)−2H−ベンゾトリアゾール、2−(2’−ヒドロキシ−5’−メタクリロキシエチルフェニル)−2H−ベンゾトリアゾール、2−(2’−ヒドロキシ−3’−t−ブチル−5’−アクリロイルエチルフェニル)−5−クロロ−2H−ベンゾトリアゾール
シアノアクリレート系: エチル−2−シアノ−3,3’−ジフェニルアクリレート、
上記以外: ニッケルビス(オクチルフェニル)サルファイド、[2,2’−チオビス(4−tーオクチルフェノラート)]−n−ブチルアミンニッケル、ニッケルコンプレックス−3,5−ジ・t−ブチル−4−ヒドロキシベンジル・リン酸モノエチレート、ニッケル・ジブチルジチオカーバメート、2,4−ジ−t−ブチルフェニル−3’,5’−ジ・t−ブチル−4’−ヒドロキシベンゾエート、2,4−ジ・t−ブチルフェニル−3’,5’−ジ・t−ブチル−4’−ハイドロキシベンゾエート、2−エトキシ−2’−エチルオキザックアシッドビスアニリド、2−(4,6−ジフェニル−1,3,5−トリアジン−2−イル)−5−[(ヘキシル)オキシ]−フェノール。
【0013】
本発明においては、上記具体例のうち、少なくともヒンダードアミン系、ベンゾフェノン系、ベンゾトリアゾール系のいずれかを用いることが好ましく、さらには、これらを併用して用いることが、より好ましい。
【0014】
本発明においては、塗布層の形成をより容易にするために、塗布層中の光安定剤に対し、適宜他の樹脂成分を混合することが好ましい。すなわち、樹脂成分および光安定剤をそれぞれ溶解し得る有機溶媒、水、2種以上の有機溶媒の混合液、あるいは有機溶媒/水混合液に樹脂成分と光安定剤を溶解もしくは分散させて塗液状態にして用いることが好ましい態様である。もちろん、樹脂成分と光安定剤を予め別々に有機溶媒、水、有機溶媒混合液、あるいは有機溶媒/水混合液に溶解または分散させたものを任意に混合して使用してもよい。また、予め光安定剤成分と樹脂成分との共重合体を、そのまま塗布材料として用いることも好ましい態様である。もちろん、該共重合体を有機溶媒、水、2種以上の有機溶媒の混合液、あるいは有機溶媒/水混合液に溶解せしめたものを用いてもよい。混合または共重合する樹脂成分は特に限定されないが、その一例を挙げれば、ポリエステル樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂、アクリル樹脂、メタクリル樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、ポリエチレン樹脂、ポリプロピレン樹脂、ポリ塩化ビニル樹脂、ポリ塩化ビニリデン樹脂、ポリスチレン樹脂、ポリ酢酸ビニル樹脂、フッ素系樹脂などである。これらの樹脂は単独で用いても、あるいは2種以上の共重合体もしくは混合物としたものを用いてもよい。
【0015】
上記の樹脂製分のうち、アクリル樹脂もしくはメタクリル樹脂を選択して用いることが好ましく、さらにアクリル樹脂もしくはメタクリル樹脂に光安定剤成分を共重合したものを塗布層に使用することが、より好ましい。共重合する場合には、光安定剤モノマー成分に対してアクリルモノマー成分あるいはメタクリルモノマー成分とを共重合することが好ましい。
【0016】
光安定剤モノマー成分としては、例えばベンゾトリアゾール系反応性モノマー、ヒンダードアミン系反応性モノマー、ベンゾフェノン系反応性モノマーなどが好ましく使用できる。ベンゾトリアゾール系モノマーとしては、基体骨格にベンゾトリアゾールを有し、かつ不飽和結合を有するモノマーであればよく、特に限定されないが、例えば2−(2’−ヒドロキシ−5−アクリロイルオキシエチルフェニル)−2H−ベンゾトリアゾール、2−(2’−ヒドロキシ−5’−メタクリロキシエチルフェニル)−2H−ベンゾトリアゾール、2−(2’−ヒドロキシ−3’−t−ブチル−5’−アクリロイルエチルフェニル)−5−クロロ−2H−ベンゾトリアゾールなどを挙げることができる。同様に、ヒンダードアミン系反応性モノマー、ベンゾフェノン系反応性モノマーとしては、基体骨格に各々ヒンダードアミン、ベンゾフェノンを有し、かつ不飽和結合を有するモノマーであればよい。ヒンダードアミン系反応性モノマーとしては、例えばビス(2,2,6,6−テトラメチル−4−ピペリジル−5−アクリロイルオキシエチルフェニル)セバケート、コハク酸ジメチル・1−(2−ヒドロキシエチル)−4−ヒドロキシ−2,2,6,6−テトラメチル−5−アクリロイルオキシエチルフェニルピペリジン重縮合物、ビス(2,2,6,6−テトラメチル−4−ピペリジル−5−メタクリロキシエチルフェニル)セバケート、コハク酸ジメチル・1−(2−ヒドロキシエチル)−4−ヒドロキシ−2,2,6,6−テトラメチル−5−メタクリロキシエチルフェニルピペリジン重縮合物、ビス(2,2,6,6−テトラメチル−4−ピペリジル−5−アクリロイルエチルフェニル)セバケート、コハク酸ジメチル・1−(2−ヒドロキシエチル)−4−ヒドロキシ−2,2,6,6−テトラメチル−5−アクリロイルエチルフェニルピペリジン重縮合物などを挙げることができる。また、ベンゾフェノン系反応性モノマーとしては、例えば2−ヒドロキシ−4−メトキシ−5−アクリロイルオキシエチルフェニルベンゾフェノン、2,2’−4,4’−テトラヒドロキシ−5−アクリロイルオキシエチルフェニルベンゾフェノン、2,2’−ジヒドロキシ−4−メトキシ−5−アクリロイルオキシエチルフェニルベンゾフェノン、2,2’−ジヒドロキシ−4,4’−ジメトキシ−5−アクリロイルオキシエチルフェニルベンゾフェノン、2−ヒドロキシ−4−メトキシ−5−メタクリロキシエチルフェニルベンゾフェノン、2,2’−4,4’−テトラヒドロキシ−5−メタクリロキシエチルフェニルベンゾフェノン、2,2’−ジヒドロキシ−4−メトキシ−5−アクリロイルエチルフェニルベンゾフェノン、2,2’−ジヒドロキシ−4,4’−ジメトキシ−5−アクリロイルエチルフェニルベンゾフェノンなどを挙げることができる。
【0017】
これらの光安定剤モノマー成分と共重合されるアクリルモノマー成分あるいはメタクリルモノマー成分、またはそのオリゴマー成分としては、アルキルアクリレート、アルキルメタクリレート(アルキル基としてはメチル基、エチル基、n−プロピル基、イソプロピル基、n−ブチル基、イソブチル基、t−ブチル基、2−エチルヘキシル基、ラウリル基、ステアリル基、シクロヘキシル基など)、および架橋性官能基を有するモノマー、例えばカルボキシル基、メチロール基、酸無水物基、スルホン酸基、アミド基、メチロール化されたアミド基、アミノ基、アルキロール化されたアミノ基、水酸基、エポキシ基などを有するモノマーを例示することができる。更にはアクリロニトリル、メタクリロニトリル、スチレン、ブチルビニルエーテル、マレイン酸、イタコン酸およびそのジアルキルエステル、メチルビニルケトン、塩化ビニル、塩化ビニリデン、酢酸ビニル、ビニルピリジン、ビニルピロリドン、ビニル基を有するアルコキシシラン、不飽和ポリエステルなどとの共重合体としてもよい。
【0018】
これらの光安定剤モノマー成分と共重合するモノマー類との共重合比率は特に限定するものではなく、それぞれの1種または2種以上を任意の割合で共重合することができるが、好ましくは光安定剤モノマー成分の比率が10重量%以上、より好ましくは20重量%以上、更には35重量%以上であることが最も好ましい。もちろん、光安定剤モノマー成分の単独重合体であってもよい。これらの重合体の分子量は特に限定されないが、通常5,000以上、好ましくは10,000以上、更には20,000以上であることが塗布層の強靱性の点で最も好ましい。これらの重合体は有機溶媒、水あるいは有機溶媒/水混合液に溶解もしくは分散した状態で使用される。これら以外にも市販のハイブリッド系光安定ポリマー、例えば、“ユーダブル”(日本触媒(株)製)なども使用することができる。
【0019】
光安定剤を含有する塗布層の厚みは、特に限定しないが、0.5〜15μmが好ましく、より好ましくは1〜10μm、更には2〜7μmであることが最も好ましい。厚みがこの範囲内であれば、塗布層の耐久性が十分得られ、また、輝度が低下することもなく、好ましい。
【0020】
本発明においては、光安定剤を含有する塗布層を設けた面から測定した60°光沢度が40%以下であることが必要であり、好ましくは0〜35%、さらには5%〜30%であることが最も好ましい。60°光沢度が40%より大きい場合には、液晶ディスプレイに適用した際に、観る角度によって輝度が低下したりすることがある。塗布層を設けた面の光沢度を上記の範囲内とするには、塗布層中に有機および/または無機の微粒子を添加することが、最も容易で好ましい方法である。無機微粒子としては、シリカ、アルミナ、酸化チタン(アナターゼ型、ルチル型)、酸化亜鉛、硫酸バリウム、炭酸カルシウム、ゼオライト、カオリン、タルクなどを用いることができ、有機粒子としては、シリコーン化合物、架橋スチレン、架橋アクリル、架橋メラミンなどを用いることができる。有機および/または無機の微粒子の粒子径は0.05〜15μmが好ましく、0.1〜10μmであることがより好ましい。0.05μm以上であれば光沢度低減の効果が十分得られ、15μm以下であれば表面が必要以上に粗面化されることもなく、また、粒子の脱落も起こりにくく好ましい。また、その含有量は、5〜50重量%が好ましく、より好ましくは6〜30重量%、さらには7〜20重量%が最も好ましい。含有量がかかる範囲内にあれば、光沢度低減の効果が十分得られ、塗布が容易である上、表面が必要以上に粗面化されることもなく、粒子の脱落が起こりにくく、好ましい。
【0021】
本発明では、光反射フィルムの十点平均粗さRzは、2500nm以上である事が必要であり、好ましくは2700nm以上、さらには2900nm以上であることが最も好ましい。また、十点平均粗さRzの上限は特に規定されないが、微粒子の粒径、添加量の点から、好ましくは10000nm以下である。十点平均粗さRzが2500nmより小さい場合には、液晶ディスプレイに適用した際に、観る角度によって輝度が低下したりする場合がある。さらに、塗布面の中心山高さがRpが3000nm以上であることが、光拡散性が増すという点で好ましく、より好ましくは3100nm以上、さらには3200nm以上が最も好ましい。この場合も上限は特に規定されないが、微粒子の粒径、添加量の点から、好ましくは10000nm以下である。 かかる範囲内にあれば、塗布面の起伏が十分となり、光沢度が低減せず、輝度が低下することもない。
【0022】
上記の範囲を満たす方法としては、光安定剤を含有する塗布層に微粒子を添加し、基材となる白色フィルムに塗布すれば良いが、例えば、添加する微粒子には疎水処理あるいは疎水性表面を有する有機/無機微粒子が好ましく、その中でも疎水処理球状シリカ粒子については、塗剤中における均一分散性の点で最も望ましい。また、光安定剤を含有する塗剤に微粒子を分散させるには、任意の方法で行うことが出来る。例えば、ロールミル、ボールミル、サンドミル、アトライター、ケディイミルなどの方法を用いることが出来るが、本発明においては、凝集しやすい微粒子に強力なサンドミルを用いることが望ましい。
【0023】
光安定剤を含有する塗布層は、任意の方法で塗布することができる。例えばグラビアコート、ロールコート、スピンコート、リバースコート、バーコート、スクリーンコート、ブレードコート、エアーナイフコート、ディッピングなどの方法を用いることができる。本発明において、塗布層の十点平均粗さRzおよび中心山高さRpを上記の範囲内とするには、マイクログラビアロールを用いたキスコートで塗布するのが、粒子分散の均一性において有効である。また、塗布後に塗布層を硬化する場合、その硬化方法は、公知の方法をとりうる。例えば熱硬化、あるいは紫外線、電子線、放射線などの活性線を用いる方法、さらにはこれらの組み合わせによる方法などが適用できる。本発明においては熱風オーブンによる熱硬化方法が好ましい。さらに熱風オーブンによる硬化では、材料予熱/恒率乾燥/残率乾燥と、段階的に乾燥温度を上昇させていく方法が、塗布層に溶媒を残留させず、かつ塗剤中に含まれた微粒子を塗布層内で均一に分散させるのに有効である。高温で急激に硬化した場合には、溶媒揮発が激しくなり粒子が凝集するので好ましくない。また、本発明での塗膜硬化には架橋剤などの硬化剤を併用することが好ましい。また、塗布層を設ける方法としては、白色基材フィルム製造時に塗布(インラインコーティング)してもよいし、結晶配向完了後の該白色フィルム上に塗布(オフラインコーティング)してもよい。
【0024】
本発明における光安定剤を含有する塗布層は、白色基材フィルム上に直接設けてもよいが、接着性が不足する場合には、該白色フィルムのコロナ放電処理や、下引き処理などを設けることが好ましい。下引き処理は、該白色フィルム製造工程内で設ける方法(インラインコーティング法)でもよく、また、該白色フィルムを製造後、別途塗布して設ける方法(オフラインコーティング法)でもよい。下引き処理に適用する材料は特に限定するものではなく、適宜選択すればよいが、好適なものとしては共重合ポリエステル樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂、アクリル樹脂、メタクリル樹脂、および各種カップリング剤などが適用できる。
【0025】
本発明の内部に気泡を含有する白色フィルムは、光安定剤を含有する塗布層を設けた面から測定した400〜700nmの波長における平均反射率が、85%以上であることが好ましく、より好ましくは87%以上、特に好ましくは90%以上であることが望ましい。平均反射率が85%未満の場合には、適用する液晶ディスプレイによっては輝度が不足する場合がある。
【0026】
本発明では、光安定剤を含有する塗布層中に、本発明の効果を阻害しない範囲内で各種の添加剤を添加することが出来る。添加剤としては、例えば、蛍光増白剤、架橋剤、耐熱安定剤、耐酸化安定剤、有機の滑剤、帯電防止剤、核剤、カップリング剤などを用いることができる。
【0027】
例えば、塗布層中に蛍光増白剤を添加することは、白色度や色目が向上し、より好ましいものである。蛍光増白剤としては、前述の白色フィルムに添加するものと同様のものを用いることができる。また、塗布層中の蛍光増白剤の含有量は、0.01〜2重量%が好ましく、より好ましくは0.03〜1.5重量%、さらには0.05〜1重量%の範囲内であることが最も好ましい。かかる好ましい範囲内にあれば、その効果が十分得られ、また、黄味を帯びてきたり、耐久性が低下することもなく好ましい。
【0028】
本発明の光反射フィルムは、光反射性の白色フィルムと、その表面に設けた塗布層とからなり、該白色フィルムとしては、光の反射率が高く、色調に偏りがないことから、内部に気泡を含有する白色フィルムであることが必須である。
【0029】
このような内部に気泡を含有する白色フィルムとは、熱可塑性プラスチックフィルムに有機、無機の染料、微粒子などを添加したもの;フィルムを構成する樹脂成分に該樹脂成分とは非相溶性の樹脂、および/または有機もしくは無機の粒子を混合して溶融押出しした後、少なくとも1方向に延伸し、内部に微細な気泡を形成させたもの;発泡性粒子を添加し、溶融押出することによって発泡させたもの;炭酸ガスなどの気体を注入して押出発泡させたものなど、見かけ上白色性を有するものであれば特に限定するものではない。特に本発明の用途においては、より反射率が向上し、輝度が向上するものとして、フィルムを構成する樹脂成分に該樹脂成分とは非相溶性の樹脂、および/または有機もしくは無機の粒子を混合して溶融押出しした後、少なくとも1方向に延伸し、内部に微細な気泡を形成させたものが好ましい。更に内部に微細な気泡を形成させたフィルムの少なくとも片面に、有機もしくは無機の微粒子を添加した熱可塑性樹脂を共押出などの方法によって積層、さらに延伸し、表層部に内層部よりも微細な気泡を形成させた複合フィルムが特に好ましい。
【0030】
該白色基材フィルムを構成する熱可塑性樹脂としては、溶融押出しによってフィルムを形成し得るものであれば特に限定しないが、好ましい例として、ポリエステル、ポリオレフィン、ポリアミド、ポリウレタン、ポリフェニレンスルフィドなどを挙げることができる。特に本発明においては、寸法安定性や機械的特性が良好で、可視光線域における吸収がほとんどないなどの点からポリエステルが好ましい。
【0031】
ポリエステルの具体例としては、ポリエチレンテレフタレート(以下、PETと略称する)、ポリエチレン−2,6−ナフタレンジカルボキシレート(以下、PENと略称する)、ポリプロピレンテレフタレート、ポリブチレンテレフタレート、ポリ−1,4−シクロヘキシレンジメチレンテレフタレートなどを挙げることができる。もちろん、これらのポリエステルはホモポリマーであってもコポリマーであってもよいが、好ましくはホモポリマーである。コポリマーである場合の共重合成分としては、芳香族ジカルボン酸、脂肪族ジカルボン酸、脂環族ジカルボン酸、炭素数2〜15のジオール成分を挙げることができ、これらの例としては、たとえばイソフタル酸、アジピン酸、セバシン酸、フタル酸、スルホン酸塩基含有イソフタル酸、およびこれらのエステル形成性化合物、ジエチレングリコール、トリエチレングリコール、ネオペンチルグリコール、分子量400〜2万のポリアルキレングリコールなどを挙げることができる。
【0032】
これらのポリエステル中には本発明の効果を阻害しない範囲内で各種添加物、たとえば耐熱安定剤、耐酸化安定剤、有機の滑剤、有機、無機の微粒子、耐光剤、帯電防止剤、核剤、カップリンブ剤などが添加されていてもよい。
【0033】
以下、本発明の好ましい例として、ポリエステルを白色フィルムの基材としたものについて詳述する。本発明の効果がより顕著に発現するには、基材としてポリエステルを用い、フィルム内部に微細な気泡を含有させる必要がある。このためには、(1)発泡剤を含有せしめ押出時や製膜時の熱によって発泡、あるいは化学的分解により発泡させる方法、(2)押出時または押出後に炭酸ガスなどの気体または気化可能な物質を添加し、発泡させる方法、(3)ポリエステルと非相溶性の熱可塑性樹脂を添加し、溶融押出後、1軸または2軸に延伸する方法、(4)有機もしくは無機の微粒子を添加して溶融押出後、1軸または2軸に延伸する方法などを挙げることができる。本発明においては、微細な気泡を形成することにより反射界面を増加させることが好ましく、この点から上記(3)もしくは(4)の方法を用いることが好ましい。
【0034】
上記の方法によって得られる気泡の大きさ(厚み方向の断面積サイズ)は0.5μm2〜50μm2、好ましくは1μm2〜30μm2のものが輝度向上の点で好ましい。また、気泡の断面形状は円状、楕円状のいずれでもよいが、特にフィルム上面から下面に至るまでの間のすべての面内において少なくとも1個の気泡が存在している構造が好ましい。すなわち反射板としたときに光源から発せられる光がフィルム表面から入射するが、この入射光が内部の気泡によってすべて反射されることが最も好ましい形態である。実際にはフィルム内部を通過する光もあり、この部分は損失となるが、これをカバーするために入射光側(光源側)とは反対面のフィルム面側にアルミニウム、銀などの金属蒸着を施すことが好ましい。また、内部に微細な気泡を含有させたフィルムの光損失を減少する意味で、該気泡含有ポリエステルフィルムの表面に、有機もしくは無機の微粒子による微細気泡を含有させた層を設けることが好ましい。この表面層は、ポリエステル樹脂に有機もしくは無機の微粒子を含有させ、前記内部気泡含有フィルムの製造時に共押出し複合化した後、少なくとも1方向に延伸することによって得られる。また、表層部の気泡は、内層部の気泡よりも小さい方が輝度の点で好ましい。その比率(表層部の気泡の大きさ/内層部の気泡の大きさ)は特に限定されないが、好ましくは0.05〜0.8、より好ましくは0.07〜0.7、最も好ましくは0.1〜0.6である。気泡の大きさは、添加する粒子のサイズによってコントロールすることができる。
【0035】
ここで、気泡を形成するために添加される、ポリエステル樹脂と非相溶性の樹脂、および内層部、表層部に添加される有機もしくは無機の微粒子について述べる。ポリエステル樹脂と非相溶性の樹脂(以降、非相溶性樹脂と省略する)とは、ポリエステル以外の熱可塑性樹脂であって、かつポリエステル中に粒子状に分散し得るものである。一例を挙げれば、ポリエチレン、ポリプロピレン、ポリブテン、ポリメチルペンテンなどのポリオレフィン樹脂、ポリスチレン樹脂、ポリアクリレート樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂、ポリアクリロニトリル樹脂、ポリフェニレンスルフィド樹脂、フッ素樹脂などが好ましい。これらは単独重合体であっても共重合体であってもよく、2種以上を併用してもよい。特にポリエステルとの臨界表面張力差が大きく、延伸後の熱処理によって変形しにくい樹脂が好ましく、ポリオレフィン系樹脂、中でもポリメチルペンテンが特に好ましい。非相溶性樹脂の白色フィルム中の含有量は特に限定されず、製膜時の破れ、非相溶性樹脂を核とした気泡形成による輝度を考慮して選定すればよく、通常は3〜35重量%が好ましく、より好ましくは4〜30重量%、さらには5〜25重量%の範囲内であることが最も好ましい。かかる好ましい範囲内であれば、輝度向上効果が十分得られ、また、製膜時にフィルム破れが発生しにくくなり好ましい。
【0036】
内層部および/または表層部に添加する無機微粒子としては、それ自体を核として気泡を形成し得るものが好ましく、たとえば炭酸カルシウム、炭酸マグネシウム、炭酸亜鉛、酸化チタン(アナターゼ型、ルチル型)、酸化亜鉛、硫酸バリウム、硫化亜鉛、塩基性炭酸鉛、雲母チタン、酸化アンチモン、酸化マグネシウム、リン酸カルシウム、シリカ、アルミナ、マイカ、タルク、カオリンなどを用いることができる。これらの中で400〜700nmの可視光域において吸収の少ない炭酸カルシウム、硫酸バリウムを用いることが特に好ましい。可視光域で吸収があると輝度が低下する問題が発生する。有機微粒子の場合には、溶融押出によって溶融しないものが好ましく、架橋スチレン、架橋アクリルなどの架橋微粒子が特に好ましい。また、有機微粒子は中空状のものを用いることもできる。上記の微粒子は単独でも2種以上を併用してもよい。上記微粒子の粒子径は特に限定しないが、通常0.05〜15μm、好ましくは0.1〜10μm、更に好ましくは0.3〜5μmであることが望ましい。かかる好ましい範囲内であれば、気泡形成性が十分であり、表面が必要以上に粗面化されてしまうこともなく好ましい。表層部に微粒子を含有させ、内層部に非相溶樹脂を含有させる場合には、その微粒子を核とした気泡径は内層部に形成される気泡径よりも小さい方が輝度の点で好ましい。さらに、上記微粒子の白色フィルム中の含有量は1〜30重量%が好ましく、より好ましくは2〜25重量%、さらには3〜20重量%が最も好ましい。含有量がかかる好ましい範囲内であれば、輝度向上効果が十分となり、また、製膜時にフィルム破れが発生しにくくなり好ましい。
【0037】
このような気泡を含有した白色フィルムの気泡含有率の目安となる比重は0.1以上1.3未満のものが好適に使用できる。比重が0.1未満の場合にはフィルムとしての機械的強度が不十分であったり、折れやすく取り扱い性に劣るなどの問題が生じる場合がある。一方、1.3を越える場合には気泡の含有率が低すぎて反射率が低下し、輝度が不十分になる傾向にある。また、本発明においては、耐熱性、寸法安定性、長期使用安定性等の点から、該白色フィルムの比重が0.7〜1.1の範囲が好ましく、かつ、主にポリエステルにより構成されていることが好ましい。
【0038】
光反射フィルムとは、前述したように光反射のために面光源に組込まれる板状材であって、具体的には、液晶画面用のエッジライトの反射板、直下型ライトの面光源の反射板、および冷陰極線管の周囲のリフレクター、等に用いられ、画面の色調の点で反射板は白色度が高い方が好ましく、また、黄味より青みがかった色目の方が好ましい。この点を考慮して、基材となる白色フィルム中に蛍光増白剤を添加することが好ましい。蛍光増白剤としては市販のものを適宜使用すればよく、たとえば、“ユビテック”(チバガイギ−社製)、OB−1(イーストマン社製)、TBO(住友精化社製)、“ケイコール”(日本曹達社製)、“カヤライト”(日本化薬社製)、“リューコプア”EGM(クライアントジャパン社製)などを用いることができる。蛍光増白剤の白色フィルム中の含有量は、0.005〜1重量%が好ましく、より好ましくは0.007〜0.7重量%、さらには0.01〜0.5重量%の範囲内であることが最も好ましい。かかる好ましい範囲内にあれば、その効果が十分得られ、また、黄味を帯びてくることもなく好ましい。該白色フィルムが複合フィルムの場合には、蛍光増白剤は表層部に添加することが、より有効である。
【0039】
本発明における白色フィルムの厚みは10〜500μmが好ましく、20〜300μmがより好ましい。厚みが10μm以上であれば合、反射率あるいは白色度、色目が低レベルである他、取り扱い性が低下することもなく好ましい。一方、500μm以下であれば、面光源反射部材として液晶ディスプレイなどに用いた場合、重量が重過ぎることもなく、さらには高コストともならず好ましい。また、白色フィルムが複合フィルムである場合、その表層部/内層部の比率は1/30〜1/3が好ましく、1/20〜1/4がより好ましい。表層部/内層部/表層部の3層複合フィルムの場合、該比率は両表層部の合計/内層部で表される。
【0040】
次に本発明の光反射フィルムの製造方法について、その一例を説明するが、かかる例に限定されるものではない。
【0041】
押出機Aと押出機Bを備えた複合製膜装置において、押出機Aには、乾燥したPET85重量部とポリメチルペンテン15重量部と、分子量約4000のポリエチレングリコール1重量部とを混合した材料を供給する。押出機Bには、PET90重量部と、平均粒子系約1μmの炭酸カルシウム10重量部と、蛍光増白剤0.03重量部とを混合した材料を供給する。もちろん押出機A,Bに供給する原料の各成分は事前にペレタイズなどの方法で混合しておいてもよい。押出機A、Bを280〜300℃に加熱し、溶融押出しする。この時に押出機Aの原料が内層、押出機Bの原料が両表面に積層されるように複合化する。押し出されたシートを表面温度10〜60℃の冷却ドラム上で固化させる。この時、均一なシートを得るために静電気を印加してドラムに密着させることが好ましい。冷却固化されたシートを70〜120℃に加熱されたロール群に導き、長手方向に約2〜5倍延伸し、20〜40℃のロール群で冷却する。更に連続的にフィルムの端部をクリップで把持しつつテンター内に導き、90〜120℃に予熱した後、幅方向に3〜6倍延伸する。引き続き連続的に180〜230℃に加熱されたゾーンに導き、約3〜20秒間熱処理を行いその後40℃以下に冷却して白色フィルムを得る。得られた白色フィルムの一方の面に紫外線吸収能を有する化合物、光安定剤、樹脂、添加剤を所定の比率で混合した塗液を塗布し乾燥する。
【0042】
このようにして得られる本発明の光反射フィルムは、輝線や輝度不均一性を発生させることなく初期輝度に優れ、かつ長期使用においても劣化が少なく、液晶画面の輝度を維持することができる。
【0043】
[特性の測定方法および評価方法]
(1)表面粗さ
フィルム表面の粗さを、3次元微細形状測定機ET−30HK(小坂研究所(株)製)を用い、JIS B−0601に準じて測定した。測定面積は2.0mm×0.3mmとした。
(2)塗布層の厚み
フィルムの断面を、走査型電子顕微鏡S−2100A形((株)日立製作所製)を用いて500〜5,000倍に拡大観察して撮影した断面写真より、塗布層の長さを厚み方向に計測し、拡大倍率から逆算して塗布層の厚みを求めた。なお厚みを求めるに当たっては、互いに異なる測定視野から任意に選んだ計5箇所の断面写真を使用し、その平均値として算出した。
(3)光沢度
デジタル変角光沢度計UGV−5B(スガ試験機(株)製)を用いて、光反射フィルムの表皮層側よりJIS Z−8741に準じて測定した。なお、測定条件は入射角=60゜、受光角=60゜とした。
(4)比重
フィルムを50mm×60mmの大きさにカットして得た試料サンプルを、高精度電子比重計SD−120L(ミラージュ貿易(株)製)を用い、JIS K−7112のA法(水中置換法)に準じて測定した。なお、測定条件は温度23℃、相対湿度65%にて行った。
(5)平均反射率
分光式色差計SE−2000型(日本電色工業(株)製)を用い、JIS Z−8722に準じて400〜700nmの範囲の分光反射率を10nm間隔で測定し、その平均値を平均反射率として判定した。○以上が合格である。
◎:平均反射率90%以上
○:平均反射率85%以上
×:平均反射率85%未満
(6)バックライト輝度および輝度均一性
直下型バックライト181BLM07(NEC(株)製)を用い、図.1に示す装置に準じて測定を行った。バックライト内に貼り合わせられている現行フィルムを剥がし、測定サンプル1を貼った。その状態で拡散フィルム3と拡散板4を取付け、冷陰極線管2を1時間点灯して光源を安定させた後に、拡散フィルム3側より色彩輝度計BM−7fast((株)TOPCON製)を用いて輝度(cd/m2)を測定した。輝度はバックライト表面を9分割した9点について測定し、そのばらつきの大きさを判定した。○以上が合格である。
ばらつきの大きさ(%)=(最大値−最小値)/(平均値)×100
◎:ばらつきが2.5%未満
○:ばらつきが2.5%以上5%未満
×:ばらつきが5%以上
(7)耐光性試験後の平均反射率、輝度
紫外線劣化促進試験機アイスーパーUVテスターSUV−W131(岩崎電気(株)製)を用い、下記の条件で強制紫外線照射試験を行った。
「紫外線照射条件」
照度:100mW/cm2、温度:60℃、相対湿度:50%RH、照射時間:8時間
照射後のサンプルについて上記(5)、(6)の方法に準じて平均反射率及び輝度を測定した。
(8)総合評価
上記の評価方法で得られた結果を元に、総合評価を行った。B級以上が合格である。
A1:◎が3個
A2:全て○以上であり、◎が2個
A3:全て○以上であり、◎が1個
B :全て○以上
C :○以上が2個以下
【0044】
【実施例】
本発明を以下の実施例および比較例を用いて説明するが、特にこれらに限定されるものではない。
【0045】
[実施例1]
押出機Aと押出機Bを有する複合製膜装置に、下記組成の原料を供給した。
・押出機A:180℃で4時間真空乾燥したPET90重量部、ポリメチルペンテン10重量部、及び、分子量4000のポリエチレングリコール1重量部。
・押出機B:平均粒径1.2μmの炭酸カルシウム15重量%を含有したPETチップを180℃で4時間真空乾燥したもの100重量部、及び、蛍光増白剤(OB−1:イーストマン社製)を0.8重量%含有したPETマスターチップを180℃4時間真空乾燥したもの3重量部。
【0046】
押出機A、Bからそれぞれの原料を290℃で溶融押出し、押出機Aの溶融原料が内層に、押出機Bの溶融原料が両表面層となるように合流させTダイよりシート状に押出した。複合フィルムの厚み構成比はB/A/B(7/84/7)であった。このシートを表面温度20℃の鏡面冷却ドラム上でキャストして未延伸シートとした。このシートを90℃に加熱されたロール群で予熱し、95℃で長手方向に3.4倍延伸した。その後、シート端部をクリップで把持して105℃に加熱されたテンター内に導き予熱し、その後連続的に120℃の雰囲気中で幅方向に3.6倍延伸した。更に連続的に210℃の雰囲気中で10秒間の熱処理を行い、総厚み188μmの白色基材フィルムを得た。
【0047】
この白色基材フィルムに、直径100mmのマイクログラビア版・キスコートにて、アクリル粒子を添加した下記調整塗液を、乾燥後の厚みが3.5μmになるように塗布し、乾燥は20m/分にて70℃/100℃/120℃(各ゾーンは10m)と段階的に熱風乾燥した。かくして得られたフィルムは、表1に示すとおり良好な特性を示すものであった。
・塗液:架橋アクリル粒子(綜研化学(株)製MX−150)を乾燥後の被膜重量に対して10重量%となるように光安定剤“ユータブル”UV−G13(日本触媒(株)製)にサンドミル法によって分散させた後、トルエンで希釈した20%溶液を万能攪拌機(回転数160rpm)にて10分間攪拌した。さらにイソシアネート架橋剤を乾燥後の被膜重量に対して2重量%となるように添加し、万能攪拌機(回転数160rpm)で5分間攪拌後、フィルターで濾過して塗液を調整した。
[実施例2]
実施例1で使用した架橋アクリル粒子を疎水性シリカ粒子(富士シリシア(株)製“サイロホービック”100)とすること、及び塗工乾燥条件を表1の通り変更する以外は実施例1と同様にしてフィルムを得た。得られたフィルムは、表1に示す通り、優れた特性であった。
[実施例3]
実施例1で使用した架橋アクリル粒子を疎水性シリカ粒子(富士シリシア(株)製“サイロホービック”100)としすること以外は実施例1と同様にしてフィルムを得た。得られたフィルムは、表1に示す通り、極めて優れた特性であった。
[比較例1]
実施例1で得た白色基材フィルムを、そのまま光反射フィルムとして評価をした結果、光沢度および初期輝度には優れるものの、耐光性が不十分であり、黄味が増大し平均反射率、輝度均一性の低下が著しいものであった。
[比較例2]
実施例1と同様にして白色基材フィルムを得た。この白色基材フィルム上に実施例1と同様に、粒子を添加しない光安定剤を含有する塗布層を設けた。その結果、耐光性には優れるもの塗布面の光沢度が高く、反射率、輝度均一性の低下が著しいものであった。
[比較例3]
実施例1と同様にして白色基材フィルムを得た。該フィルムに37斜線のリーバスグラビア版にて、実施例3と同様の塗剤を用いて塗布層を設け、乾燥後の厚みが3.5μmとなるようにした。乾燥は20m/分にて120℃/120℃/120℃(各ゾーンは10m)。その結果、光沢度、耐光性には優れるものの、平均反射率、輝度均一性の低下が見られた。
【0048】
【表1】
【0049】
【発明の効果】
本発明の光反射フィルムでは、気泡を含有した白色基材フィルム上に、疎水性シリカ粒子を添加した光安定剤を含有する塗布層が設けられているので、光沢度が40%以下に低減され、かつ十点平均粗さRzが2500nm以上であり、平均反射率および輝度均一性に優れ、光源による経時的劣化が小さく、液晶ディスプレイの画質、明るさを長期に渡って維持することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】面光源の輝度を測定するための装置構造の概略を示す装置縦断面概略図である。
【符号の説明】
1 測定サンプル
2 冷陰極線管
3 拡散フィルム
4 拡散板[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an improvement in a white film containing bubbles therein, which is used for a light reflecting member, and more particularly, to a reflector for a surface light source of an edge light and a direct type light for a liquid crystal screen, and a reflector. The present invention relates to a light reflecting film which is a member and has excellent reflectance, luminance and luminance uniformity even when used for a long time.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a lighting device for a liquid crystal screen, a so-called edge light system in which a cold cathode ray tube is used as an illumination light source from the edge of a light guide plate is widely used (for example, see Patent Document 1). In this illumination method, a reflector is provided around the cold cathode ray tube in order to utilize the light more efficiently, and furthermore, a reflector is provided under the light guide plate to efficiently reflect the light diffused from the light guide plate toward the liquid crystal screen. Is provided with a reflection plate. This reduces the loss of light from the cold cathode ray tube and provides a function of brightening the liquid crystal screen. In addition, for large screens such as liquid crystal televisions, the direct lighting method has been adopted because the edge light method cannot provide high screen brightness. In this method, cold cathode ray tubes are provided in parallel at the lower part of a liquid crystal screen, and the cold cathode ray tubes are arranged in parallel on a reflector. As the reflector, a flat plate or a cold cathode ray tube formed in a semicircular concave shape is used.
[0003]
Reflectors and reflectors (collectively referred to as "surface light source reflection members") used for such surface light sources for liquid crystal screens are required to have a high reflection function. Films containing a variety of air bubbles have been used alone, or those obtained by laminating these films with metal plates, plastic plates, and the like have been used (for example, see
[0004]
[Patent Document 1] JP-A-63-62104
[0005]
[Patent Document 2] JP-A-6-322153
[0006]
[Patent Document 3] JP-A-7-118433
[0007]
[Patent Document 4] JP-A-2001-287327
[0008]
[Patent Document 5] JP-A-2002-90515
[0009]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, when a light-resistant coating layer is provided on a white film containing bubbles therein (sometimes referred to as a white base film), simply providing a coating layer containing a light stabilizer results in high surface glossiness. For this reason, when used as a backlight, there is a problem that an extremely bright portion (hereinafter, referred to as a bright line) partially occurs. The inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive studies on this problem, and as a result, have found that the cause is that the surface layer is smoothed and the light diffusion property is reduced. In addition, in order to solve this problem, it has been found that it is effective to add particles to the coating layer to reduce the surface gloss, and that simply providing a light stabilizer-containing coating layer surface to which particles have been added is not sufficient. It was found that the reflection characteristics, that is, the brightness and uniformity as a backlight were insufficient. As a result of further intensive studies, it was found that the glossiness and the luminance were significantly changed by the surface roughness of the coating layer containing the light stabilizer. In order to solve this problem, it has been found that it is effective to select the method of dispersing the particles in the preparation of the coating material, the type of the coating device and the coating roll, and the drying conditions of the coating film. By controlling the dispersibility of particles in the coating layer surface and satisfying specific glossiness and surface roughness, the conventional problems can be solved at once, more excellent brightness uniformity, and even when used for a long time It has been found that a light reflection film which can maintain high quality over a long period of time with little decrease in luminance over time can be provided.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention mainly has the following configurations in order to solve the above-mentioned problems. That is, a coating layer containing a light stabilizer is provided on at least one surface of a white film containing bubbles therein, and the coated surface has a 60 ° gloss of 40% or less and a ten-point average roughness Rz. Is a light reflection film having a wavelength of 2,500 nm or more, and a backlight device for image display, wherein the light reflection film is used.
[0011]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
In the present invention, it is necessary to provide a coating layer containing a light stabilizer on at least one surface of a white film containing bubbles inside a film serving as a substrate. Light stabilizers include organic light stabilizers such as hindered amine, salicylic acid, benzophenone, benzotriazole, cyanoacrylate, triazine, benzoate, oxalic anilide, and inorganic light stabilizers such as sol-gel. Agents can be used. Specific examples of the light stabilizer preferably used are shown below, but are not limited thereto.
[0012]
Hindered amines: bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl) sebacate, dimethyl succinate-1- (2-hydroxyethyl) -4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidine Polycondensates,
Salicylic acid system: pt-butylphenyl salicylate, p-octylphenyl salicylate,
Benzophenone type: 2,4-dihydroxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-5-sulfobenzophenone, 2,2′-4,4′-tetrahydroxybenzophenone, 2,2 ′ -Dihydroxy-4-methoxybenzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxybenzophenone, bis (2-methoxy-4-hydroxy-5-benzoylphenyl) methane,
Benzotriazole type: 2- (2'-hydroxy-5'-methylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy-5'-t-butylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy-3 ' , 5'-Di-t-butylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy-3'-t-butyl-5'-methylphenyl) -5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy- 3 ', 5'-di-t-butylphenyl) -5-chlorobenzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy-5'-t-octylphenol) benzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy-3', 5 '-Di-t-amylphenyl) benzotriazole, 2,2'-methylenebis [4- (1,1,3,3-tetramethylbutyl) -6- (2H-benzotriazol-2-yl) Enol], 2 (2'-hydroxy-5'-methacryloxyphenyl) -2H-benzotriazole, 2- [2'-hydroxy-3 '-(3 ", 4", 5 ", 6" -tetrahydrophthalimidomethyl ) -5'-Methylphenyl] benzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy-5-acryloyloxyethylphenyl) -2H-benzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy-5'-methacryloxyethylphenyl) -2H -Benzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy-3'-tert-butyl-5'-acryloylethylphenyl) -5-chloro-2H-benzotriazole
Cyanoacrylate type: ethyl-2-cyano-3,3′-diphenylacrylate,
Other than the above: nickel bis (octylphenyl) sulfide, [2,2′-thiobis (4-t-octylphenolate)]-n-butylamine nickel, nickel complex-3,5-di-t-butyl-4-hydroxy Benzyl phosphate monoethylate, nickel dibutyl dithiocarbamate, 2,4-di-t-butylphenyl-3 ', 5'-di-t-butyl-4'-hydroxybenzoate, 2,4-di-t-butyl Phenyl-3 ', 5'-di-t-butyl-4'-hydroxybenzoate, 2-ethoxy-2'-ethyloxacacid bisanilide, 2- (4,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-triazine -2-yl) -5-[(hexyl) oxy] -phenol.
[0013]
In the present invention, among the above specific examples, it is preferable to use at least one of a hindered amine type, a benzophenone type, and a benzotriazole type, and it is more preferable to use them in combination.
[0014]
In the present invention, in order to make the formation of the coating layer easier, it is preferable to appropriately mix another resin component with the light stabilizer in the coating layer. That is, a coating solution obtained by dissolving or dispersing the resin component and the light stabilizer in an organic solvent capable of dissolving the resin component and the light stabilizer, water, a mixed solution of two or more organic solvents, or an organic solvent / water mixture. It is a preferred embodiment to use it in a state. Needless to say, a resin component and a light stabilizer which are separately dissolved or dispersed in an organic solvent, water, an organic solvent mixture, or an organic solvent / water mixture may be arbitrarily mixed and used. It is also a preferred embodiment that a copolymer of a light stabilizer component and a resin component is used as it is as a coating material in advance. Of course, a copolymer obtained by dissolving the copolymer in an organic solvent, water, a mixed solution of two or more organic solvents, or an organic solvent / water mixed solution may be used. The resin component to be mixed or copolymerized is not particularly limited, but examples thereof include polyester resin, polyurethane resin, acrylic resin, methacrylic resin, polyamide resin, polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, polyvinyl chloride resin, polyvinylidene chloride resin, Examples include polystyrene resin, polyvinyl acetate resin, and fluorine resin. These resins may be used alone, or two or more copolymers or a mixture thereof may be used.
[0015]
It is preferable to select and use an acrylic resin or a methacrylic resin among the above resin components, and it is more preferable to use an acrylic resin or a methacrylic resin copolymerized with a light stabilizer component in the coating layer. In the case of copolymerization, it is preferable to copolymerize a light stabilizer monomer component with an acrylic monomer component or a methacryl monomer component.
[0016]
As the light stabilizer monomer component, for example, a benzotriazole-based reactive monomer, a hindered amine-based reactive monomer, a benzophenone-based reactive monomer, and the like can be preferably used. The benzotriazole-based monomer may be any monomer having benzotriazole in the base skeleton and having an unsaturated bond, and is not particularly limited. For example, 2- (2'-hydroxy-5-acryloyloxyethylphenyl)- 2H-benzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy-5'-methacryloxyethylphenyl) -2H-benzotriazole, 2- (2'-hydroxy-3'-t-butyl-5'-acryloylethylphenyl)- 5-chloro-2H-benzotriazole and the like can be mentioned. Similarly, the hindered amine-based reactive monomer and benzophenone-based reactive monomer may be any monomer having a hindered amine and benzophenone in the base skeleton and having an unsaturated bond, respectively. Examples of the hindered amine-based reactive monomer include bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl-5-acryloyloxyethylphenyl) sebacate and dimethyl succinate 1- (2-hydroxyethyl) -4- Hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-5-acryloyloxyethylphenylpiperidine polycondensate, bis (2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-4-piperidyl-5-methacryloxyethylphenyl) sebacate, Dimethyl succinate / 1- (2-hydroxyethyl) -4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-5-methacryloxyethylphenylpiperidine polycondensate, bis (2,2,6,6-tetra Methyl-4-piperidyl-5-acryloylethylphenyl) sebacate, dimethyl succinate 1- (2 Hydroxyethyl) -4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-5-acryloylethyl phenylpiperidine polycondensates, and the like. Examples of the benzophenone-based reactive monomer include, for example, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-5-acryloyloxyethylphenylbenzophenone, 2,2′-4,4′-tetrahydroxy-5-acryloyloxyethylphenylbenzophenone, 2'-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-5-acryloyloxyethylphenylbenzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4,4'-dimethoxy-5-acryloyloxyethylphenylbenzophenone, 2-hydroxy-4-methoxy-5-methacrylic Roxyethylphenylbenzophenone, 2,2'-4,4'-tetrahydroxy-5-methacryloxyethylphenylbenzophenone, 2,2'-dihydroxy-4-methoxy-5-acryloylethylphenylbenzophenone, 2,2'-dihydro , And the
[0017]
Examples of the acrylic monomer component or methacrylic monomer component copolymerized with these light stabilizer monomer components or their oligomer components include alkyl acrylates and alkyl methacrylates (alkyl groups include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, and isopropyl group). , An n-butyl group, an isobutyl group, a t-butyl group, a 2-ethylhexyl group, a lauryl group, a stearyl group, a cyclohexyl group, etc.) and a monomer having a crosslinkable functional group such as a carboxyl group, a methylol group, an acid anhydride group And a sulfonic acid group, an amide group, a methylolated amide group, an amino group, an alkylolated amino group, a hydroxyl group, an epoxy group and the like. Further, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, styrene, butyl vinyl ether, maleic acid, itaconic acid and dialkyl esters thereof, methyl vinyl ketone, vinyl chloride, vinylidene chloride, vinyl acetate, vinyl pyridine, vinyl pyrrolidone, alkoxysilane having a vinyl group, It may be a copolymer with a saturated polyester or the like.
[0018]
The copolymerization ratio between these light stabilizer monomer components and monomers to be copolymerized is not particularly limited, and one or two or more of them can be copolymerized at an arbitrary ratio. Most preferably, the ratio of the stabilizer monomer component is at least 10% by weight, more preferably at least 20% by weight, and even more preferably at least 35% by weight. Of course, a homopolymer of the light stabilizer monomer component may be used. The molecular weight of these polymers is not particularly limited, but is usually at least 5,000, preferably at least 10,000, and more preferably at least 20,000 from the viewpoint of the toughness of the coating layer. These polymers are used in the state of being dissolved or dispersed in an organic solvent, water or an organic solvent / water mixture. Besides these, commercially available hybrid light-stable polymers, for example, "U-double" (manufactured by Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd.) can also be used.
[0019]
The thickness of the coating layer containing the light stabilizer is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.5 to 15 μm, more preferably 1 to 10 μm, and most preferably 2 to 7 μm. When the thickness is within this range, the durability of the coating layer can be sufficiently obtained, and the luminance is not reduced, which is preferable.
[0020]
In the present invention, it is necessary that the 60 ° gloss measured from the surface provided with the coating layer containing the light stabilizer is 40% or less, preferably 0 to 35%, more preferably 5% to 30%. Is most preferred. If the 60 ° gloss is greater than 40%, the brightness may be reduced depending on the viewing angle when applied to a liquid crystal display. In order to keep the glossiness of the surface provided with the coating layer within the above range, it is easiest and preferable to add organic and / or inorganic fine particles to the coating layer. Examples of the inorganic fine particles include silica, alumina, titanium oxide (anatase type, rutile type), zinc oxide, barium sulfate, calcium carbonate, zeolite, kaolin, and talc. , Cross-linked acryl, cross-linked melamine and the like can be used. The particle diameter of the organic and / or inorganic fine particles is preferably from 0.05 to 15 μm, more preferably from 0.1 to 10 μm. When the thickness is 0.05 μm or more, the effect of reducing the glossiness is sufficiently obtained, and when the thickness is 15 μm or less, the surface is not unnecessarily roughened, and particles are not easily dropped off. Further, the content is preferably 5 to 50% by weight, more preferably 6 to 30% by weight, and most preferably 7 to 20% by weight. When the content is within the above range, the effect of reducing the glossiness is sufficiently obtained, the coating is easy, the surface is not excessively roughened, and the particles hardly fall off, which is preferable.
[0021]
In the present invention, the ten-point average roughness Rz of the light reflecting film needs to be 2500 nm or more, preferably 2700 nm or more, and most preferably 2900 nm or more. The upper limit of the ten-point average roughness Rz is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10000 nm or less from the viewpoint of the particle diameter and the amount of fine particles added. If the ten-point average roughness Rz is smaller than 2500 nm, the brightness may decrease depending on the viewing angle when applied to a liquid crystal display. Further, it is preferable that the height Rp of the central peak of the application surface is 3000 nm or more, from the viewpoint of increasing light diffusivity, more preferably 3100 nm or more, and most preferably 3200 nm or more. In this case as well, the upper limit is not particularly limited, but is preferably 10000 nm or less from the viewpoint of the particle diameter of the fine particles and the amount added. Within such a range, the unevenness of the coated surface will be sufficient, the glossiness will not be reduced, and the brightness will not be reduced.
[0022]
As a method that satisfies the above range, fine particles may be added to a coating layer containing a light stabilizer, and the fine particles to be added may be subjected to a hydrophobic treatment or a hydrophobic surface. Organic / inorganic fine particles are preferred, and among them, hydrophobically treated spherical silica particles are most desirable in terms of uniform dispersibility in a coating composition. In addition, any method can be used to disperse the fine particles in the coating agent containing a light stabilizer. For example, a method such as a roll mill, a ball mill, a sand mill, an attritor, and a Keddy mill can be used. In the present invention, it is desirable to use a strong sand mill for fine particles that are easily aggregated.
[0023]
The coating layer containing the light stabilizer can be applied by any method. For example, methods such as gravure coating, roll coating, spin coating, reverse coating, bar coating, screen coating, blade coating, air knife coating, and dipping can be used. In the present invention, in order to set the ten-point average roughness Rz and the center peak height Rp of the coating layer within the above ranges, it is effective to apply a kiss coat using a microgravure roll in terms of uniformity of particle dispersion. . When the coating layer is cured after the application, the curing method may be a known method. For example, a method using thermal curing, an actinic ray such as an ultraviolet ray, an electron beam, or a radiation, or a method using a combination thereof can be applied. In the present invention, a heat curing method using a hot air oven is preferable. In the case of curing with a hot-air oven, the method of preheating the material, drying at a constant rate, and drying at a residual rate, and increasing the drying temperature stepwise, does not leave the solvent in the coating layer and the fine particles contained in the coating agent Is effectively dispersed in the coating layer. Rapid curing at high temperature is not preferred because solvent volatilization becomes severe and particles aggregate. Further, it is preferable to use a curing agent such as a crosslinking agent in combination in curing the coating film in the present invention. In addition, as a method of providing a coating layer, coating (in-line coating) may be performed at the time of producing a white base film, or coating (off-line coating) may be performed on the white film after completion of crystal orientation.
[0024]
The coating layer containing the light stabilizer in the present invention may be provided directly on the white base film, but when the adhesiveness is insufficient, a corona discharge treatment of the white film or a subbing treatment is provided. Is preferred. The undercoating treatment may be a method of providing in the white film manufacturing process (in-line coating method) or a method of applying the white film separately after the white film is manufactured (off-line coating method). The material applied to the undercoating treatment is not particularly limited and may be appropriately selected, but preferred examples include a copolymerized polyester resin, a polyurethane resin, an acrylic resin, a methacrylic resin, and various coupling agents. .
[0025]
In the present invention, the white film containing bubbles therein preferably has an average reflectance at a wavelength of 400 to 700 nm measured from the surface provided with the coating layer containing the light stabilizer of 85% or more, and more preferably. Is desirably at least 87%, particularly preferably at least 90%. If the average reflectance is less than 85%, the luminance may be insufficient depending on the applied liquid crystal display.
[0026]
In the present invention, various additives can be added to the coating layer containing the light stabilizer within a range that does not impair the effects of the present invention. As the additive, for example, a fluorescent whitening agent, a crosslinking agent, a heat stabilizer, an oxidation stabilizer, an organic lubricant, an antistatic agent, a nucleating agent, a coupling agent and the like can be used.
[0027]
For example, adding a fluorescent whitening agent to the coating layer is more preferable because whiteness and tint are improved. As the fluorescent whitening agent, those similar to those added to the above-mentioned white film can be used. Further, the content of the fluorescent whitening agent in the coating layer is preferably from 0.01 to 2% by weight, more preferably from 0.03 to 1.5% by weight, and further preferably from 0.05 to 1% by weight. Is most preferred. Within such a preferable range, the effect can be sufficiently obtained, and it is preferable without yellowing or reduction in durability.
[0028]
The light reflection film of the present invention is composed of a light-reflective white film and a coating layer provided on the surface thereof. As the white film, the light reflectance is high and the color tone is not biased. It is essential that the white film contains bubbles.
[0029]
Such a white film containing bubbles therein is obtained by adding an organic, inorganic dye, fine particles or the like to a thermoplastic plastic film; a resin component constituting the film is incompatible with the resin component; And / or a mixture in which organic or inorganic particles are mixed and melt-extruded and then stretched in at least one direction to form fine bubbles therein; expandable particles are added, and foaming is performed by melt-extrusion. The substance is not particularly limited as long as it has an apparent whiteness, such as a substance obtained by injecting a gas such as carbon dioxide gas and extruding and foaming. In particular, in the use of the present invention, a resin component constituting the film is mixed with a resin that is incompatible with the resin component and / or organic or inorganic particles as a component having a higher reflectance and a higher luminance. After melt extrusion, it is preferably stretched in at least one direction to form fine bubbles inside. Further, on at least one side of the film in which fine bubbles are formed, a thermoplastic resin to which organic or inorganic fine particles are added is laminated by a method such as co-extrusion, and further stretched, and fine bubbles are formed on the surface layer portion more than the inner layer portion. Is particularly preferred.
[0030]
The thermoplastic resin constituting the white base film is not particularly limited as long as it can form a film by melt extrusion, but preferred examples include polyester, polyolefin, polyamide, polyurethane, and polyphenylene sulfide. it can. In particular, in the present invention, polyester is preferable in that it has good dimensional stability and mechanical properties and hardly absorbs in a visible light region.
[0031]
Specific examples of polyester include polyethylene terephthalate (hereinafter abbreviated as PET), polyethylene-2,6-naphthalenedicarboxylate (hereinafter abbreviated as PEN), polypropylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, and poly-1,4-. Cyclohexylene dimethylene terephthalate and the like can be mentioned. Of course, these polyesters may be homopolymers or copolymers, but are preferably homopolymers. Examples of the copolymer component in the case of a copolymer include an aromatic dicarboxylic acid, an aliphatic dicarboxylic acid, an alicyclic dicarboxylic acid, and a diol component having 2 to 15 carbon atoms. Examples of these are, for example, isophthalic acid. , Adipic acid, sebacic acid, phthalic acid, sulfonic acid group-containing isophthalic acid, and ester-forming compounds thereof, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, and polyalkylene glycol having a molecular weight of 400 to 20,000. .
[0032]
In these polyesters, various additives within a range not impairing the effects of the present invention, such as heat stabilizers, oxidation stabilizers, organic lubricants, organic and inorganic fine particles, light stabilizers, antistatic agents, nucleating agents, A coupling agent or the like may be added.
[0033]
Hereinafter, as a preferred example of the present invention, a polyester film as a base material of a white film will be described in detail. In order for the effect of the present invention to be more remarkably exhibited, it is necessary to use polyester as a base material and to contain fine bubbles inside the film. For this purpose, (1) a method of containing a foaming agent and foaming by heat at the time of extrusion or film formation or foaming by chemical decomposition, (2) a gas such as carbon dioxide gas or a vaporizable gas at the time of extrusion or after extrusion. (3) adding a thermoplastic resin that is incompatible with the polyester, stretching the melt and then uniaxially or biaxially, (4) adding organic or inorganic fine particles After the melt extrusion, a method of stretching uniaxially or biaxially can be mentioned. In the present invention, it is preferable to increase the reflection interface by forming fine bubbles, and from this point, it is preferable to use the method (3) or (4).
[0034]
The size (cross-sectional area size in the thickness direction) of the bubble obtained by the above method is 0.5 μm. 2 ~ 50 μm 2 , Preferably 1 μm 2 ~ 30 μm 2 Is preferred in terms of improving luminance. The cross-sectional shape of the bubbles may be any of a circular shape and an elliptical shape. In particular, a structure in which at least one bubble exists in all surfaces from the upper surface to the lower surface of the film is preferable. That is, the light emitted from the light source is incident on the film surface when it is used as a reflecting plate, and it is the most preferable form that all the incident light is reflected by the bubbles inside. Actually, some light passes through the inside of the film, and this part is lost, but in order to cover this, metal deposition of aluminum, silver, etc. is applied on the film surface side opposite to the incident light side (light source side). Preferably, it is applied. In order to reduce the light loss of the film containing fine bubbles inside, it is preferable to provide a layer containing fine bubbles of organic or inorganic fine particles on the surface of the bubble-containing polyester film. This surface layer is obtained by adding organic or inorganic fine particles to the polyester resin, co-extruding and forming a composite during the production of the internal bubble-containing film, and then stretching the film in at least one direction. It is preferable that the bubbles in the surface layer are smaller than the bubbles in the inner layer in terms of luminance. The ratio (size of bubbles in the surface layer / size of bubbles in the inner layer) is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.05 to 0.8, more preferably 0.07 to 0.7, and most preferably 0 to 0.7. .1 to 0.6. The size of the bubbles can be controlled by the size of the particles to be added.
[0035]
Here, a resin incompatible with the polyester resin, which is added for forming bubbles, and organic or inorganic fine particles added to the inner layer and the surface layer will be described. The resin incompatible with the polyester resin (hereinafter abbreviated as the incompatible resin) is a thermoplastic resin other than the polyester and can be dispersed in the polyester in the form of particles. For example, polyolefin resins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, polybutene, and polymethylpentene, polystyrene resins, polyacrylate resins, polycarbonate resins, polyacrylonitrile resins, polyphenylene sulfide resins, and fluorine resins are preferable. These may be a homopolymer or a copolymer, and two or more of them may be used in combination. Particularly, a resin having a large difference in critical surface tension from polyester and hardly deformed by heat treatment after stretching is preferable, and a polyolefin resin, particularly, polymethylpentene is particularly preferable. The content of the incompatible resin in the white film is not particularly limited, and may be selected in consideration of the breakage at the time of forming the film and the luminance due to the formation of bubbles with the incompatible resin as a nucleus. %, More preferably 4 to 30% by weight, and most preferably 5 to 25% by weight. Within such a preferable range, a sufficient effect of improving the brightness can be obtained, and the film is less likely to be broken during film formation, which is preferable.
[0036]
As the inorganic fine particles to be added to the inner layer and / or the surface layer, those capable of forming bubbles by themselves as nuclei are preferable. For example, calcium carbonate, magnesium carbonate, zinc carbonate, titanium oxide (anatase type, rutile type), oxide Zinc, barium sulfate, zinc sulfide, basic lead carbonate, mica titanium, antimony oxide, magnesium oxide, calcium phosphate, silica, alumina, mica, talc, kaolin and the like can be used. Among them, it is particularly preferable to use calcium carbonate and barium sulfate, which have low absorption in the visible light region of 400 to 700 nm. If absorption occurs in the visible light range, there is a problem that the luminance is reduced. In the case of organic fine particles, those which are not melted by melt extrusion are preferable, and cross-linked fine particles such as cross-linked styrene and cross-linked acryl are particularly preferable. The organic fine particles may be hollow ones. These fine particles may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Although the particle diameter of the fine particles is not particularly limited, it is usually 0.05 to 15 μm, preferably 0.1 to 10 μm, and more preferably 0.3 to 5 μm. Within such a preferred range, the bubble-forming property is sufficient, and the surface is preferably not unnecessarily roughened. When the surface layer contains fine particles and the inner layer contains an incompatible resin, the diameter of the bubbles with the fine particles as the nucleus is preferably smaller than the diameter of the bubbles formed in the inner layer in terms of luminance. Further, the content of the fine particles in the white film is preferably 1 to 30% by weight, more preferably 2 to 25% by weight, and most preferably 3 to 20% by weight. When the content is within such a preferable range, the effect of improving the luminance becomes sufficient and the film is less likely to be broken during film formation, which is preferable.
[0037]
The specific gravity which is a measure of the bubble content of a white film containing such bubbles is preferably 0.1 or more and less than 1.3. When the specific gravity is less than 0.1, problems such as insufficient mechanical strength of the film, breakage and poor handling properties may occur. On the other hand, when the ratio exceeds 1.3, the content of bubbles is too low, the reflectance is reduced, and the brightness tends to be insufficient. Further, in the present invention, in terms of heat resistance, dimensional stability, long-term use stability, etc., the specific gravity of the white film is preferably in the range of 0.7 to 1.1, and is mainly constituted by polyester. Is preferred.
[0038]
The light reflection film is a plate-like material incorporated in a surface light source for light reflection as described above, and specifically, a reflection plate of an edge light for a liquid crystal screen, and a reflection of a surface light source of a direct type light. It is used for a plate, a reflector around a cold cathode ray tube, and the like. In terms of the color tone of the screen, the reflector preferably has a higher whiteness, and more preferably a bluish tint than a yellow tint. Considering this point, it is preferable to add a fluorescent whitening agent to the white film serving as the base material. Commercially available fluorescent whitening agents may be used as appropriate, for example, "Ubitek" (manufactured by Ciba-Geigy), OB-1 (manufactured by Eastman), TBO (manufactured by Sumitomo Seika), "Kaycoal". (Manufactured by Nippon Soda Co., Ltd.), "Kayalite" (manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.), "Ryukopua" EGM (manufactured by Client Japan) and the like can be used. The content of the fluorescent whitening agent in the white film is preferably 0.005 to 1% by weight, more preferably 0.007 to 0.7% by weight, and further preferably 0.01 to 0.5% by weight. Is most preferred. Within such a preferable range, the effect can be sufficiently obtained, and it is preferable without yellowing. When the white film is a composite film, it is more effective to add the optical brightener to the surface layer.
[0039]
The thickness of the white film in the present invention is preferably from 10 to 500 µm, more preferably from 20 to 300 µm. When the thickness is 10 μm or more, the reflectance, the whiteness, and the tint are low, and the handleability is preferably not reduced. On the other hand, when the thickness is 500 μm or less, when the surface light source reflection member is used for a liquid crystal display or the like, the weight is not too heavy, and the cost is not increased, which is preferable. When the white film is a composite film, the ratio of the surface layer / inner layer is preferably 1/30 to 1/3, more preferably 1/20 to 1/4. In the case of a three-layer composite film having a surface layer / inner layer / surface layer, the ratio is represented by the sum of both surface layers / inner layer.
[0040]
Next, an example of the method for manufacturing the light reflection film of the present invention will be described, but the present invention is not limited to this example.
[0041]
In the composite film forming apparatus provided with the extruder A and the extruder B, the extruder A was prepared by mixing 85 parts by weight of dried PET, 15 parts by weight of polymethylpentene, and 1 part by weight of polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of about 4000. Supply. A material obtained by mixing 90 parts by weight of PET, 10 parts by weight of calcium carbonate having an average particle size of about 1 μm, and 0.03 parts by weight of an optical brightener is supplied to the extruder B. Of course, each component of the raw materials supplied to the extruders A and B may be mixed in advance by a method such as pelletizing. The extruders A and B are heated to 280 to 300 ° C. and are melt-extruded. At this time, the composite is formed so that the raw material of the extruder A is laminated on the inner surface and the raw material of the extruder B is laminated on both surfaces. The extruded sheet is solidified on a cooling drum having a surface temperature of 10 to 60 ° C. At this time, in order to obtain a uniform sheet, it is preferable to apply static electricity and bring the sheet into close contact with the drum. The cooled and solidified sheet is guided to a group of rolls heated to 70 to 120 ° C, stretched about 2 to 5 times in the longitudinal direction, and cooled by a group of rolls of 20 to 40 ° C. Further, the film is continuously guided into a tenter while gripping an end portion of the film with a clip, preheated to 90 to 120 ° C., and then stretched 3 to 6 times in the width direction. Subsequently, the film is continuously guided to a zone heated to 180 to 230 ° C., heat-treated for about 3 to 20 seconds, and then cooled to 40 ° C. or lower to obtain a white film. A coating liquid in which a compound having an ultraviolet absorbing ability, a light stabilizer, a resin, and an additive are mixed at a predetermined ratio is applied to one surface of the obtained white film and dried.
[0042]
The light-reflecting film of the present invention obtained as described above has excellent initial luminance without causing bright lines and luminance nonuniformity, has little deterioration even after long-term use, and can maintain the luminance of the liquid crystal screen.
[0043]
[Method of measuring and evaluating characteristics]
(1) Surface roughness
The roughness of the film surface was measured according to JIS B-0601 using a three-dimensional fine shape measuring device ET-30HK (manufactured by Kosaka Laboratory Co., Ltd.). The measurement area was 2.0 mm × 0.3 mm.
(2) Thickness of coating layer
The cross section of the film was observed at a magnification of 500 to 5,000 times using a scanning electron microscope S-2100A type (manufactured by Hitachi, Ltd.). The thickness was measured, and the thickness of the coating layer was calculated by back calculation from the magnification. In determining the thickness, a total of five cross-sectional photographs arbitrarily selected from different measurement visual fields were used, and the average value was calculated.
(3) Glossiness
Using a digital variable-angle gloss meter UGV-5B (manufactured by Suga Test Instruments Co., Ltd.), the measurement was carried out from the skin layer side of the light reflecting film according to JIS Z-8741. The measurement conditions were an incident angle = 60 ° and a light receiving angle = 60 °.
(4) Specific gravity
A sample sample obtained by cutting the film into a size of 50 mm × 60 mm was subjected to a method A (underwater replacement method) of JIS K-7112 using a high-precision electronic hydrometer SD-120L (manufactured by Mirage Trading Co., Ltd.). It measured according to. The measurement was performed at a temperature of 23 ° C. and a relative humidity of 65%.
(5) Average reflectance
Using a spectroscopic color difference meter SE-2000 (manufactured by Nippon Denshoku Industries Co., Ltd.), the spectral reflectance in the range of 400 to 700 nm is measured at 10 nm intervals according to JIS Z-8722, and the average value is average reflection. It was determined as a rate. ○ The above is a pass.
:: 90% or more average reflectance
:: average reflectance of 85% or more
×: less than 85% average reflectance
(6) Backlight brightness and brightness uniformity
Using a direct backlight 181BLM07 (manufactured by NEC Corporation), FIG. The measurement was performed according to the apparatus shown in FIG. The current film stuck in the backlight was peeled off, and
Size of variation (%) = (maximum value−minimum value) / (average value) × 100
◎: variation is less than 2.5%
:: Variation is 2.5% or more and less than 5%
×: Variation of 5% or more
(7) Average reflectance and brightness after light resistance test
A forced ultraviolet irradiation test was carried out under the following conditions using an ultraviolet deterioration accelerating test machine iSuper UV tester SUV-W131 (manufactured by Iwasaki Electric Co., Ltd.).
"UV irradiation conditions"
Illuminance: 100mW / cm 2 , Temperature: 60 ° C, relative humidity: 50% RH, irradiation time: 8 hours
The average reflectance and luminance of the irradiated sample were measured according to the methods (5) and (6).
(8) Comprehensive evaluation
A comprehensive evaluation was performed based on the results obtained by the above evaluation methods. Class B or higher is passed.
A1: 3 ◎
A2: All are ○ or more, and ◎ is two
A3: All are 以上 or more, ◎ is one
B: All ○ or more
C: 2 or more for ○ or more
[0044]
【Example】
The present invention will be described with reference to the following Examples and Comparative Examples, but it should not be construed that the invention is limited thereto.
[0045]
[Example 1]
A raw material having the following composition was supplied to a composite film forming apparatus having an extruder A and an extruder B.
Extruder A: 90 parts by weight of PET dried at 180 ° C. for 4 hours under vacuum, 10 parts by weight of polymethylpentene, and 1 part by weight of polyethylene glycol having a molecular weight of 4000.
Extruder B: 100 parts by weight of a PET chip containing 15% by weight of calcium carbonate having an average particle size of 1.2 μm and dried in vacuum at 180 ° C. for 4 hours, and an optical brightener (OB-1: Eastman Co., Ltd.) 3% by weight of a PET master chip containing 0.8% by weight of a PET master chip dried at 180 ° C. for 4 hours.
[0046]
The respective raw materials were melt-extruded at 290 ° C. from the extruders A and B, and the molten raw materials of the extruder A were merged into the inner layer so that the molten raw materials of the extruder B became both surface layers, and extruded into a sheet from a T-die. . The thickness composition ratio of the composite film was B / A / B (7/84/7). This sheet was cast on a mirror cooling drum having a surface temperature of 20 ° C. to obtain an unstretched sheet. This sheet was preheated by a group of rolls heated to 90 ° C., and stretched 3.4 times in the longitudinal direction at 95 ° C. Thereafter, the end of the sheet was gripped by a clip and guided into a tenter heated to 105 ° C., preheated, and then continuously stretched 3.6 times in the width direction in an atmosphere at 120 ° C. Further, heat treatment was continuously performed in an atmosphere at 210 ° C. for 10 seconds to obtain a white base film having a total thickness of 188 μm.
[0047]
To this white base film, the following adjusted coating liquid to which acrylic particles were added was applied by a microgravure plate / kiss coat having a diameter of 100 mm so that the thickness after drying was 3.5 μm, and drying was performed at 20 m / min. Hot air drying stepwise at 70 ° C./100° C./120° C. (each zone is 10 m). The film thus obtained exhibited good properties as shown in Table 1.
-Coating liquid: Light stabilizer "Utable" UV-G13 (manufactured by Nippon Shokubai Co., Ltd.) so that the crosslinked acrylic particles (MX-150 manufactured by Soken Chemical Co., Ltd.) become 10% by weight based on the weight of the dried film. ) Was dispersed by a sand mill method, and then a 20% solution diluted with toluene was stirred for 10 minutes with a universal stirrer (rotational speed: 160 rpm). Further, an isocyanate crosslinking agent was added so as to be 2% by weight based on the weight of the dried film, and the mixture was stirred for 5 minutes with a universal stirrer (rotation speed: 160 rpm), and then filtered with a filter to prepare a coating solution.
[Example 2]
Example 1 was the same as Example 1 except that the crosslinked acrylic particles used in Example 1 were hydrophobic silica particles ("Silohobic" 100 manufactured by Fuji Silysia K.K.) and the coating and drying conditions were changed as shown in Table 1. A film was obtained in the same manner. The obtained film had excellent properties as shown in Table 1.
[Example 3]
A film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the crosslinked acrylic particles used in Example 1 were hydrophobic silica particles (“Silhohobic” 100 manufactured by Fuji Silysia K.K.). As shown in Table 1, the obtained film had extremely excellent characteristics.
[Comparative Example 1]
The white base film obtained in Example 1 was evaluated as a light reflection film as it was. As a result, although the glossiness and the initial luminance were excellent, the light resistance was insufficient, the yellow color was increased, and the average reflectance and the luminance were increased. The uniformity was significantly reduced.
[Comparative Example 2]
A white base film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1. As in Example 1, a coating layer containing a light stabilizer containing no added particles was provided on the white base film. As a result, the coated surface was excellent in light resistance but high in glossiness, and the reflectance and luminance uniformity were significantly reduced.
[Comparative Example 3]
A white base film was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1. A coating layer was formed on the film by using a coating agent similar to that of Example 3 using a livas gravure plate of 37 diagonal lines so that the thickness after drying was 3.5 μm. Drying is performed at 120 mC / 120 C / 120 C at 20 m / min (each zone is 10 m). As a result, although the glossiness and light resistance were excellent, the average reflectance and the luminance uniformity were reduced.
[0048]
[Table 1]
[0049]
【The invention's effect】
In the light reflection film of the present invention, since the coating layer containing the light stabilizer to which the hydrophobic silica particles are added is provided on the white base film containing bubbles, the glossiness is reduced to 40% or less. In addition, the ten-point average roughness Rz is 2500 nm or more, the average reflectance and the luminance uniformity are excellent, the deterioration over time due to the light source is small, and the image quality and brightness of the liquid crystal display can be maintained for a long time.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic longitudinal sectional view of a device for schematically illustrating the structure of a device for measuring the luminance of a surface light source.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Measurement sample
2 Cold cathode ray tube
3 Diffusion film
4 Diffusing plate
Claims (5)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002292237A JP3937994B2 (en) | 2002-10-04 | 2002-10-04 | Light reflection film for direct type backlight and direct type backlight device for image display using the same |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2002292237A JP3937994B2 (en) | 2002-10-04 | 2002-10-04 | Light reflection film for direct type backlight and direct type backlight device for image display using the same |
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| JP2004126345A true JP2004126345A (en) | 2004-04-22 |
| JP2004126345A5 JP2004126345A5 (en) | 2005-07-28 |
| JP3937994B2 JP3937994B2 (en) | 2007-06-27 |
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