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JP2004127750A - Exhaust gas treatment device for fuel cell - Google Patents

Exhaust gas treatment device for fuel cell Download PDF

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Publication number
JP2004127750A
JP2004127750A JP2002291004A JP2002291004A JP2004127750A JP 2004127750 A JP2004127750 A JP 2004127750A JP 2002291004 A JP2002291004 A JP 2002291004A JP 2002291004 A JP2002291004 A JP 2002291004A JP 2004127750 A JP2004127750 A JP 2004127750A
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hydrogen
fuel cell
discharged
fuel
exhaust gas
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JP3952456B2 (en
JP2004127750A5 (en
Inventor
Akio Yamamoto
山本 晃生
Kazunori Fukuma
福間 一教
Takashi Koyama
小山 貴嗣
Hiroyuki Abe
阿部 浩之
Shinji Yoshikawa
吉川 慎司
Hiroshi Saito
斉藤 廣
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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Honda Motor Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50Fuel cells

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Abstract

【課題】排出燃料希釈器から排出される水素の濃度を検出することで燃料電池スタックの故障を監視することを目的とする。
【解決手段】空気と水素ガスをそれぞれ供給されて発電する燃料電池の複数の水素排出手段8,10,11から排出され、滞留室18に滞留された水素ガスを、前記燃料電池のカソードから排出されるカソード排出ガスと混合して希釈後に車両外に排出する燃料電池の排出ガス処理装置において 、前記滞留室18から車両外に排出されるガス中の水素濃度を測定する水素センサ16を設け、前記水素センサ16の検出値に応じて前記複数の水素排出手段8,10,11の故障の有無を検出することを特徴とする。
【選択図】    図2
An object of the present invention is to monitor a failure of a fuel cell stack by detecting a concentration of hydrogen discharged from a discharged fuel diluter.
A hydrogen gas discharged from a plurality of hydrogen discharge means of a fuel cell, which is supplied with air and hydrogen gas to generate electric power, and retained in a retention chamber, is discharged from a cathode of the fuel cell. In a fuel cell exhaust gas treatment device that mixes with a cathode exhaust gas to be diluted and discharges outside the vehicle after dilution, a hydrogen sensor 16 for measuring the concentration of hydrogen in the gas discharged outside the vehicle from the retention chamber 18 is provided. It is characterized in that the presence or absence of a failure of the plurality of hydrogen discharging means 8, 10, 11 is detected according to the detection value of the hydrogen sensor 16.
[Selection] Fig. 2

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、電気自動車の動力源となる燃料電池の排出ガス処理装置に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
電気自動車(以下、「車両」という。)の動力源となる燃料電池システムが、例えば、純水素(以下、「水素」という。)を燃料とする場合、燃料電池システムを構成する燃料電池スタックへの水素供給は、その利用効率を上げる(燃費を良くする)ために循環系を採用している(例えば、特許文献1参照)。
循環方式としては、水素を加圧するブロアや負圧を発生させて水素を吸引するエゼクタ、水素ポンプなどを利用する。そして、循環系においては、再循環を長時間続けていると水素中の不純物の濃度が高まり、発電の効率を悪くすることがある。また、水分が溜まって燃料電池スタックのアノード配管系内の水素の流れを悪くすることがある。
そこで、車両が信号待ちのときなどに頻繁に不純物の混じった水素や水のパージを行っている。そしてパージされる水素は、高濃度のまま排出しないように、希釈器で一定濃度以下に希釈して排出する。
尚、特許文献1には、パージされる水素を希釈して車両外に排出するという思想は開示されていない。
【0003】
【特許文献1】
特開平6−275300号公報(第4頁、図1)
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで、発電中に、燃料電池スタックからのパージ水素を希釈器に送る配管の開閉弁(発電中は閉じている)が故障して開いてしまった場合、パージ水素が希釈器に送られ、希釈器から排出される水素の濃度が高くなってしまう。このような場合、希釈器から車両外に排出される水素の濃度の異常を検知して、開閉弁の故障を検知するシステムがなかった。
【0005】
そこで、本発明は、排出燃料希釈器から排出される水素の濃度を検出することで燃料電池スタックの故障を監視することを目的とする。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記の課題を解決するための手段として、本発明に係る請求項1の燃料電池の排出ガス処理装置は、空気と水素ガスをそれぞれ供給されて発電する燃料電池の複数の水素排出手段から排出され、滞留室に滞留された水素ガスを、前記燃料電池のカソードから排出されるカソード排出ガスと混合して希釈後に車両外に排出する燃料電池の排出ガス処理装置において、前記滞留室から車両外に排出されるガス中の水素濃度を測定する水素センサを設け、前記水素センサの検出値に応じて前記複数の水素排出手段の故障の有無を検出することを特徴とする。
【0007】
このような構成としたことにより、請求項1に記載の発明に係る燃料電池の排出ガス処理装置では、複数の水素排出手段の開閉弁が閉じている場合に、滞留室(排出燃料希釈器)の下流側で水素センサが通常よりも高濃度の水素を検出すれば、開閉弁の何れかが故障して開いてしまっているのを検知することができ、開閉弁が故障していないかどうか監視することが可能になる。
ここで、水素排出手段とは、燃料電池の水素ガスの循環系の配管から分岐したパージ水素配管、アノード極のドレーン配管、加湿器のドレーン配管等のことであり、それぞれ開閉弁を備えている。
滞留室とは、燃料電池の発電の際、循環させて再使用することで生じる不純物を含んだ水素を車両外にパージするとき、このパージ水素を滞留させる排出燃料希釈器内に設けられた室であり、燃料電池のカソードから排出されるカソード排出ガスと混合して希釈後に車両外に排出する。
カソード排出ガスとは、燃料電池のカソード配管系から排出される窒素等を含んだ排出空気のことである。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、図面を参照して本発明に係る燃料電池の排出ガス処理装置について実施の形態を説明する。
【0009】
参照する図面において、図1は燃料電池電気自動車における燃料電池システムボックスのレイアウトを示す図、図2は本発明の燃料電池の排出ガス処理装置の図である。
【0010】
図1に示すように、燃料電池電気自動車1の略中央部の床下に、燃料電池システムボックス2が搭載されている。燃料電池システムボックス2の内部には、燃料電池システム、即ち、温調器3、燃料電池スタック4、加湿器5、及び排出燃料希釈器6が車両1の前方から後方に向かって順に載置されている。燃料電池システムはこれらのほか、燃料電池システムボックス2を冷却する図示せぬラジエタ、高圧水素容器などから構成される。
【0011】
燃料電池スタック4は、高圧水素容器に貯留された燃料となる水素と、車外から取り入れた空気を供給されて発電を行い、車両1を駆動するための電気を供給する。この燃料電池スタック4を好適に作動させるために、温調器3で燃料電池スタック4に供給される水素及び空気の温度調整を行い、加湿器5で燃料電池スタック4に供給される水素及び空気を加湿する。排出燃料希釈器6は、アノード配管系からのパージ水素を放出させて滞留させ、カソード配管系からの排出空気(カソード排出ガス)と混合して希釈してから車両外に排出する。
【0012】
燃料電池スタック4で一度使用された水素は、その利用効率を上げる(燃費を良くする)ため、図2に示すように、配管7により加湿器5の上流側に戻され循環系を構成している。又、長時間再循環された水素は不純物の濃度が高くなるので、あるいは、燃料電池スタック4の内部に水が溜まるので、この水素及び水をパージするため、循環系の配管7から分岐して設けられた水素排出手段としてパージ水素配管8が排出燃料希釈器6に接続されている。パージ水素配管8には自動で作動する開閉弁9が設けられ、通常時には閉じられ、パージのときには開かれる。
また、燃料電池スタック4のアノード極のドレーン、及び加湿器5のドレーンを排出するための水素排出手段として、アノード極のドレーン配管10、及び加湿器ドレーン配管11が排出燃料希釈器6に接続されている。アノード極のドレーン配管10、及び加湿器ドレーン配管11には、それぞれ自動で作動する開閉弁12,13が設けられている。
【0013】
燃料電池スタック4から出る排気空気(カソードオフガス)を車両外に排出するために、排出燃料希釈器6を貫通してカソード配管14が設けられている。排出燃料希釈器6内のカソード配管(希釈排出部)14には、穴部17,17が設けられ、後述の滞留室18に滞留する水素を希釈して排出する。また、排出燃料希釈器6の下流側のカソード配管14には、水素センサ16が設けられ、更に下流にカソード配管14のカソード出口19が開口している。
水素センサ16は、ECU(Electronic Control Unit)21のような制御手段に接続され、ECU21は、それぞれパージ水素配管8、アノードドレーン配管10、加湿器ドレーン配管11の開閉弁9,12,13に接続され、これらの開閉弁9,12,13を開閉する。
【0014】
排出燃料希釈器6の上部には、循環系のパージ水素配管8やアノードドレーン配管10、及び加湿器ドレーン配管11から放出されるパージ水素の入口部20,20、20が設けられている。排出燃料希釈器6内は、入口部20から放出された水素の滞留室18をなす。
尚、15は逆火防止フィルタ、25は排水用孔である。
【0015】
排出燃料希釈器6では、信号待ちで車両が停止したときなどに頻繁に不純物の混じった水素のパージを行っている。ところでイグニッションスイッチを切り、燃料電池スタック4の発電を完全に停止すると、排気空気(カソードオフガス)の流れがなくなるので、排出燃料希釈器6内には車両外に排出されなかった水素が滞留することになる。
そこで、図3に示すように、燃料電池スタック4の発電を停止したあとも、排出燃料希釈器6に燃料電池スタック4からのカソード排気を行うスーパチャージャ22のような送風手段と、発電を停止したあと燃料電池スタック4の周辺を換気用配管23を通して換気するためのファン24のような換気手段を設けた。そして、換気用配管23と排出燃料希釈器6との間を配管26で接続し、配管26の途中に圧力調整が可能なベントバルブ27のような制御弁を設けた。ベントバルブ27は、スーパチャージャ22からの信号圧(カソード圧)が、例えば、15KPa以上のとき閉じ、5KPa以下になったとき開くように調整されている。又、配管26と換気用配管23との接続部には、図示せぬスロート部を有する換気インジェクタを設けた。
【0016】
以上のように構成された本発明の燃料電池の排出ガス処理装置の作用効果を図2により説明する。
カソード排気によって排出燃料希釈器6に入ったパージ水素及びドレーンは、図2に示すように、拡散して容積が拡大することでしばらく滞留したあと、流れが速く圧力が小さい排気空気が流れているカソード配管14に設けられた穴部17,17及び排水用孔25,25から、このカソード配管14内に吸い込まれ、中を流れる速度の速い排気空気と混合され、希釈されながら排気空気(カソードオフガス)の流れに引っ張られるようにしてカソード出口19から車両外に所定の低濃度(例えば、濃度1%未満)の水素となって排出され、ドレーンの水も同様にして排水される。
所定期間のスーパチャージャの運転が終了すると、スーパチャージャ22からの信号圧(カソード圧)が5kPa以下となって、ベントバルブ27が開く。その結果、図示せぬ換気インジェクタのスロート部に吸引されて、排出燃料希釈器6内に滞留している高濃度のパージ水素は吸い出され、換気用配管23内を通流する空気と混合されて希釈され、低濃度の水素となってスタック換気出口28から車両外に排気される。
【0017】
そこで、ベントバルブ27が閉じられ、図2に示す開閉弁9,12,13も閉じられて、燃料電池スタック4による発電が行われている状態のとき、排出燃料希釈器6の下流側のカソードオフガス配管14に設けられた水素センサ16が、所定の低濃度(例えば、濃度1%未満)よりも高濃度の水素を検出した場合、ECU21によって、パージ水素配管8、アノードドレーン配管10、加湿器ドレーン配管11の開閉弁9,12,13から水素センサで検知して、何れの開閉弁9,12,13が故障して開いてしまっているのかを検知することができ、必要ならECU21によって、警報を発するように指示したり、図示せぬイグニッションスイッチを止めることができる。つまり、発電中(発電停止後)に、排出燃料希釈器6の下流に設けた水素センサ16の示す濃度が所定値以上のときに、いずれかの水素排出手段(開閉弁9,12,13…)が故障したものと判断する。ちなみに、本実施形態の場合、排出燃料希釈器6下流側で所定値以上の水素濃度にならないように設計されているので、排出燃料希釈器6の下流で所定値以上の濃度の水素が検知される場合は、制御が異常(弁の故障等)であると判断する。
【0018】
以上より、排出燃料希釈器6の下流側に水素センサ16を設けることにより、ベントバルブ27が閉じられ、排出燃料希釈器6の上流側の開閉弁9,12,13も閉じられている場合に、開閉弁9,12,13の何れが故障したのかを検出して、監視することが可能になる。必要ならECU21によって、発電を停止することができる。
【0019】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、請求項1に記載の発明に係る燃料電池の排出ガス処理装置では、燃料電池スタックが発電中で、複数の水素排出手段の開閉弁が閉じている場合に、排出燃料希釈器の下流側で水素センサが通常よりも高濃度の水素を検出すれば、開閉弁の何れかが故障して開いてしまっているのを検知することができ、開閉弁が故障していないかどうか監視することが可能になる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】燃料電池搭載型電気自動車における燃料電池システムボックスのレイアウトを示す図である。
【図2】本発明の燃料電池の排出ガス処理装置の図である。
【符号の説明】
1 :燃料電池搭載型電気自動車(車両)
2 :燃料電池システムボックス
4 :燃料電池スタック
6 :排出燃料希釈器
8 :パージ水素配管
9,12,13 :開閉弁
10 :アノードドレーン配管
11 :加湿器ドレーン配管
14 :カソード配管
16 :水素センサ
17 :穴部
18 :滞留室
20 :入口部
21 :ECU
23 :換気用配管
24 :ファン
26 :配管
27 :ベントバルブ
[0001]
TECHNICAL FIELD OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an exhaust gas treatment device for a fuel cell that is a power source of an electric vehicle.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When a fuel cell system serving as a power source of an electric vehicle (hereinafter, referred to as a “vehicle”) uses, for example, pure hydrogen (hereinafter, referred to as “hydrogen”) as a fuel, the fuel cell stack constituting the fuel cell system is used. The hydrogen supply employs a circulation system in order to increase its utilization efficiency (improve fuel efficiency) (for example, see Patent Document 1).
As the circulation system, a blower for pressurizing hydrogen, an ejector for generating a negative pressure to suck hydrogen, and a hydrogen pump are used. In the circulating system, if the recirculation is continued for a long time, the concentration of impurities in the hydrogen increases, and the efficiency of power generation may deteriorate. In addition, water may accumulate and impede the flow of hydrogen in the anode piping system of the fuel cell stack.
Therefore, when the vehicle is waiting for a traffic light, the hydrogen and water containing impurities are frequently purged. Then, the hydrogen to be purged is diluted and discharged to a certain concentration or less with a diluter so that the hydrogen is not discharged at a high concentration.
Note that Patent Literature 1 does not disclose the idea of diluting the purged hydrogen and discharging the diluted hydrogen to the outside of the vehicle.
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-6-275300 (page 4, FIG. 1)
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, if the open / close valve (closed during the power generation) of the pipe for sending the purge hydrogen from the fuel cell stack to the diluter fails during power generation and is opened, the purge hydrogen is sent to the diluter and diluted. The concentration of hydrogen discharged from the vessel increases. In such a case, there is no system that detects an abnormality in the concentration of hydrogen discharged from the diluter to the outside of the vehicle and detects a failure of the on-off valve.
[0005]
Therefore, an object of the present invention is to monitor a failure of a fuel cell stack by detecting the concentration of hydrogen discharged from a discharged fuel dilutor.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a means for solving the above-mentioned problem, an exhaust gas treatment apparatus for a fuel cell according to claim 1 of the present invention is configured such that air and hydrogen gas are supplied and discharged from a plurality of hydrogen discharging means of a fuel cell for generating electricity. In a fuel cell exhaust gas treatment apparatus that mixes hydrogen gas retained in a retention chamber with a cathode exhaust gas discharged from a cathode of the fuel cell and discharges the diluted gas outside the vehicle after the dilution, A hydrogen sensor for measuring the concentration of hydrogen in the discharged gas is provided, and the presence or absence of a failure of the plurality of hydrogen discharging means is detected according to a detection value of the hydrogen sensor.
[0007]
With such a configuration, in the exhaust gas treatment device for a fuel cell according to the first aspect of the present invention, when the on-off valves of the plurality of hydrogen discharging means are closed, the retention chamber (discharged fuel diluter) is provided. If the hydrogen sensor detects hydrogen at a higher concentration than normal on the downstream side of the sensor, it is possible to detect that one of the on-off valves has failed and has opened, and whether the on-off valve has failed It becomes possible to monitor.
Here, the hydrogen discharging means is a purge hydrogen pipe branched from a pipe of a hydrogen gas circulation system of a fuel cell, a drain pipe of an anode electrode, a drain pipe of a humidifier, and the like, and each has an on-off valve. .
The retention chamber is a chamber provided in an exhaust fuel dilutor that retains the purge hydrogen when purging hydrogen containing impurities generated by being circulated and reused outside the vehicle during power generation of the fuel cell. It is mixed with the cathode exhaust gas discharged from the cathode of the fuel cell, diluted and discharged outside the vehicle.
The cathode exhaust gas is exhaust air containing nitrogen and the like discharged from the cathode piping system of the fuel cell.
[0008]
BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment of a fuel cell exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
[0009]
In the drawings to be referred to, FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a layout of a fuel cell system box in a fuel cell electric vehicle, and FIG. 2 is a diagram of a fuel cell exhaust gas treatment apparatus of the present invention.
[0010]
As shown in FIG. 1, a fuel cell system box 2 is mounted substantially below the floor of a fuel cell electric vehicle 1 at the center. Inside the fuel cell system box 2, a fuel cell system, that is, a temperature controller 3, a fuel cell stack 4, a humidifier 5, and an exhaust fuel dilutor 6 are placed in order from the front to the rear of the vehicle 1. ing. The fuel cell system further includes a radiator (not shown) for cooling the fuel cell system box 2 and a high-pressure hydrogen container.
[0011]
The fuel cell stack 4 is supplied with hydrogen serving as fuel stored in the high-pressure hydrogen container and air taken in from outside the vehicle, generates electric power, and supplies electricity for driving the vehicle 1. In order to operate the fuel cell stack 4 properly, the temperature controller 3 adjusts the temperature of hydrogen and air supplied to the fuel cell stack 4, and the humidifier 5 supplies hydrogen and air supplied to the fuel cell stack 4. Humidify. The discharged fuel diluter 6 discharges and retains purge hydrogen from the anode piping system, mixes and dilutes it with air (cathode exhaust gas) discharged from the cathode piping system, and discharges the diluted hydrogen to the outside of the vehicle.
[0012]
The hydrogen once used in the fuel cell stack 4 is returned to the upstream side of the humidifier 5 by a pipe 7 to form a circulation system as shown in FIG. 2 in order to increase the utilization efficiency (improve fuel efficiency). I have. In addition, hydrogen that has been recirculated for a long time has a high impurity concentration, or water accumulates in the fuel cell stack 4. Therefore, in order to purge the hydrogen and water, the hydrogen branches off from the piping 7 of the circulation system. A purge hydrogen pipe 8 is connected to the discharged fuel diluter 6 as provided hydrogen discharging means. The purge hydrogen pipe 8 is provided with an open / close valve 9 that operates automatically, and is closed at normal times and opened at the time of purging.
Further, as a hydrogen discharging means for discharging the drain of the anode of the fuel cell stack 4 and the drain of the humidifier 5, a drain pipe 10 of the anode and a humidifier drain pipe 11 are connected to the discharged fuel diluter 6. ing. On / off valves 12 and 13 that are automatically operated are provided in the drain pipe 10 and the humidifier drain pipe 11 of the anode electrode, respectively.
[0013]
In order to discharge exhaust air (cathode off-gas) from the fuel cell stack 4 to the outside of the vehicle, a cathode pipe 14 is provided through the exhaust fuel dilutor 6. Holes 17, 17 are provided in a cathode pipe (dilution discharge section) 14 in the discharge fuel diluter 6, and dilutes and discharges hydrogen retained in a retention chamber 18, which will be described later. Further, a hydrogen sensor 16 is provided in the cathode pipe 14 on the downstream side of the discharged fuel dilutor 6, and a cathode outlet 19 of the cathode pipe 14 is further opened further downstream.
The hydrogen sensor 16 is connected to control means such as an ECU (Electronic Control Unit) 21, and the ECU 21 is connected to the on-off valves 9, 12, 13 of the purge hydrogen pipe 8, the anode drain pipe 10, and the humidifier drain pipe 11, respectively. Then, these on-off valves 9, 12, 13 are opened and closed.
[0014]
Above the exhausted fuel diluter 6, there are provided inlets 20, 20, 20 for purge hydrogen discharged from the circulating purge hydrogen pipe 8, the anode drain pipe 10, and the humidifier drain pipe 11. The inside of the discharged fuel dilutor 6 forms a retention chamber 18 for hydrogen released from the inlet 20.
In addition, 15 is a backfire prevention filter, and 25 is a drainage hole.
[0015]
The exhausted fuel diluter 6 frequently purges hydrogen containing impurities when the vehicle stops at a traffic light. By the way, when the ignition switch is turned off and the power generation of the fuel cell stack 4 is completely stopped, the flow of the exhaust air (cathode off-gas) stops, so that the hydrogen not discharged to the outside of the vehicle remains in the discharged fuel diluter 6. become.
Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, even after the power generation of the fuel cell stack 4 is stopped, a blowing means such as a supercharger 22 for exhausting the cathode from the fuel cell stack 4 to the exhausted fuel dilutor 6 and the power generation are stopped. After that, ventilation means such as a fan 24 for ventilating the periphery of the fuel cell stack 4 through a ventilation pipe 23 were provided. Then, the ventilation pipe 23 and the discharged fuel diluter 6 were connected by a pipe 26, and a control valve such as a vent valve 27 capable of adjusting pressure was provided in the pipe 26. The vent valve 27 is adjusted so that it closes when the signal pressure (cathode pressure) from the supercharger 22 is, for example, 15 KPa or more, and opens when the signal pressure becomes 5 KPa or less. At the connection between the pipe 26 and the ventilation pipe 23, a ventilation injector having a throat (not shown) was provided.
[0016]
The operation and effect of the exhaust gas treatment device for a fuel cell according to the present invention configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 2, the purge hydrogen and the drain that have entered the discharged fuel diluter 6 due to the cathode exhaust diffuse and stay for a while due to the expansion of the volume, and then the exhaust air that flows quickly and has a low pressure flows. Exhaust air (cathode off-gas) is sucked into the cathode pipe 14 through holes 17, 17 and drain holes 25, 25 provided in the cathode pipe 14, mixed with exhaust air flowing at a high speed, and diluted. ), The hydrogen is discharged as a predetermined low concentration (for example, less than 1%) hydrogen from the cathode outlet 19 to the outside of the vehicle, and the drain water is similarly drained.
When the operation of the supercharger for a predetermined period is completed, the signal pressure (cathode pressure) from the supercharger 22 becomes 5 kPa or less, and the vent valve 27 opens. As a result, the high-concentration purge hydrogen sucked into the throat portion of the ventilation injector (not shown) and retained in the exhaust fuel diluter 6 is sucked out and mixed with the air flowing through the ventilation pipe 23. Is diluted and becomes low-concentration hydrogen and is exhausted from the stack ventilation outlet 28 to the outside of the vehicle.
[0017]
Then, when the vent valve 27 is closed and the on-off valves 9, 12, and 13 shown in FIG. 2 are also closed, and the power generation by the fuel cell stack 4 is performed, the cathode on the downstream side of the exhaust fuel dilutor 6 is closed. When the hydrogen sensor 16 provided in the off-gas pipe 14 detects hydrogen having a higher concentration than a predetermined low concentration (for example, less than 1%), the ECU 21 causes the purge hydrogen pipe 8, the anode drain pipe 10, the humidifier The on / off valves 9, 12, and 13 of the drain pipe 11 can be detected by a hydrogen sensor to detect which of the on / off valves 9, 12, and 13 has failed and has been opened. It is possible to instruct to issue an alarm or to turn off an ignition switch (not shown). That is, during power generation (after power generation is stopped), when the concentration indicated by the hydrogen sensor 16 provided downstream of the discharged fuel dilutor 6 is equal to or higher than a predetermined value, any one of the hydrogen discharging means (opening / closing valves 9, 12, 13,...) Is used. ) Is determined to have failed. Incidentally, in the case of the present embodiment, since the hydrogen concentration at the downstream side of the exhausted fuel diluter 6 is designed so as not to be equal to or higher than the predetermined value, the hydrogen having the concentration equal to or higher than the predetermined value is detected downstream of the exhausted fuel dilutor 6. If it does, it is determined that the control is abnormal (such as a valve failure).
[0018]
As described above, by providing the hydrogen sensor 16 on the downstream side of the exhaust fuel dilutor 6, the vent valve 27 is closed, and the on-off valves 9, 12, 13 on the upstream side of the exhaust fuel dilutor 6 are also closed. It is possible to detect and monitor which of the on-off valves 9, 12, and 13 has failed. The power generation can be stopped by the ECU 21 if necessary.
[0019]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the fuel cell exhaust gas treatment apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, when the fuel cell stack is generating power and the on-off valves of the plurality of hydrogen discharging means are closed, the exhaust fuel dilution is performed. If the hydrogen sensor detects hydrogen at a higher concentration than normal at the downstream side of the vessel, it is possible to detect that one of the on-off valves has failed and has been opened, and whether the on-off valve has failed It will be possible to monitor.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a layout of a fuel cell system box in an electric vehicle equipped with a fuel cell.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of an exhaust gas treatment device for a fuel cell according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
1: Fuel cell mounted electric vehicle (vehicle)
2: Fuel cell system box 4: Fuel cell stack 6: Discharged fuel dilutor 8: Purge hydrogen pipes 9, 12, 13: Open / close valve 10: Anode drain pipe 11: Humidifier drain pipe 14: Cathode pipe 16: Hydrogen sensor 17 : Hole 18: Retention room 20: Inlet 21: ECU
23: Ventilation pipe 24: Fan 26: Pipe 27: Vent valve

Claims (1)

空気と水素ガスをそれぞれ供給されて発電する燃料電池の複数の水素排出手段から排出され、滞留室に滞留された水素ガスを、前記燃料電池のカソードから排出されるカソード排出ガスと混合して希釈後に車両外に排出する燃料電池の排出ガス処理装置において、
前記滞留室から車両外に排出されるガス中の水素濃度を測定する水素センサを設け、
前記水素センサの検出値に応じて前記複数の水素排出手段の故障の有無を検出する、
ことを特徴とする燃料電池の排出ガス処理装置。
The hydrogen gas discharged from the plurality of hydrogen discharging means of the fuel cell, which is supplied with air and hydrogen gas to generate power, is mixed with the cathode exhaust gas discharged from the cathode of the fuel cell and diluted by mixing with the hydrogen discharged from the fuel cell. In a fuel cell exhaust gas treatment device that is later discharged outside the vehicle,
Providing a hydrogen sensor for measuring the concentration of hydrogen in the gas exhausted from the vehicle from the residence room,
Detecting the presence or absence of a failure of the plurality of hydrogen discharging means according to the detection value of the hydrogen sensor,
An exhaust gas treatment device for a fuel cell, comprising:
JP2002291004A 2002-10-03 2002-10-03 Fuel cell exhaust gas treatment device Expired - Fee Related JP3952456B2 (en)

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Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005129392A (en) * 2003-10-24 2005-05-19 Toyota Motor Corp Abnormality detection device for fuel cell system
WO2005119823A1 (en) * 2004-06-02 2005-12-15 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Failure diagnosis device for exhaust valves
JP2006156282A (en) * 2004-12-01 2006-06-15 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Fuel cell system control apparatus and fuel cell system control method
JP2011146397A (en) * 2011-03-14 2011-07-28 Kyocera Corp Generator
CN103399567A (en) * 2013-08-23 2013-11-20 国家电网公司 Safety monitoring device for power battery
US9614235B2 (en) 2004-04-02 2017-04-04 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel cell system and method of controlling the system

Cited By (10)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2005129392A (en) * 2003-10-24 2005-05-19 Toyota Motor Corp Abnormality detection device for fuel cell system
US9614235B2 (en) 2004-04-02 2017-04-04 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Fuel cell system and method of controlling the system
WO2005119823A1 (en) * 2004-06-02 2005-12-15 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Failure diagnosis device for exhaust valves
JPWO2005119823A1 (en) * 2004-06-02 2008-04-03 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Exhaust valve failure diagnosis device
JP4636336B2 (en) * 2004-06-02 2011-02-23 トヨタ自動車株式会社 Exhaust valve failure diagnosis device
DE112005001278B4 (en) * 2004-06-02 2012-04-19 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha The fuel cell system
US9147893B2 (en) 2004-06-02 2015-09-29 Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha Failure diagnostic device for discharge valve
JP2006156282A (en) * 2004-12-01 2006-06-15 Nissan Motor Co Ltd Fuel cell system control apparatus and fuel cell system control method
JP2011146397A (en) * 2011-03-14 2011-07-28 Kyocera Corp Generator
CN103399567A (en) * 2013-08-23 2013-11-20 国家电网公司 Safety monitoring device for power battery

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