JP2005279797A - Water jet cutting method and device - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To increase the cutting speed and improve finishing of a cut surface by forming a guide groove along a cut line in a water jet cutting method. <P>SOLUTION: Although a jet orifice at the lower end of an injection nozzle is about 0.1 mmϕ to 0.45 mmϕ so that a high-speed very thin stream is jetted at high speed about three times as high as the sound velocity, the stream is a little spread when it is jetted from the jet orifice. The spread high-speed stream 5 is also guided by a guide groove 2A having a V-shaped section to be concentrated on the bottom (tip) of the guide groove 2A, and further the spherical zircon beads having Mohs hardness of 7 near the complete sphere and difficult to wear/crush are sprayed with high-speed stream 5 to the bottom of the guide groove 2A at high speed, whereby the cutting force of the high speed stream 5 is remarkably improved, and the cutting thickness of an aluminum metal plate 1 is decreased for the guide grooves 2A, 2B to 10mm 0 (2mm × 2) = 6mm, so that the aluminum metal plate 1 can be cut at high speed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2006,JPO&NCIPI

Description

  The present invention relates to a water jet cutting method capable of cutting accurately in a short time in a water jet cutting method in which only high-pressure water or a high-pressure water is mixed with an abrasive and sprayed onto the material at a high speed. It relates to the device.

  Water jet machining using high-pressure water jet for machining has already been put into practical use in various fields as a high energy density machining method together with laser machining, electric discharge machining, and the like. In particular, in water jet machining, there is very little heat generation during machining, the high-pressure water jet that acts as a machining tool has no direction at the time of machining, the machining margin is extremely small, and generation of machining scraps is extremely high. It has few features and is used for various applications such as cutting, cleaning, deburring, excavation, and peeling in a wide range of fields such as electronics, machining, medicine, and nuclear power.

Further, as an application of water jet machining, there is an abrasive jet machining technique in which abrasive particles such as garnet particles are mixed in high-pressure water and sprayed onto a workpiece as disclosed in Patent Document 1. Since the workpiece is ground and worn by the collision of abrasive particles, there are almost no restrictions on the object to be processed, and it is possible to cut even a workpiece that can not be cut by water jet processing only with high pressure water, so mainly cutting various materials It is used for processing. In the present specification, claims and abstract, processing with high-pressure water including abrasive jet processing is broadly referred to as “water jet processing” or “water jet cutting processing method”.
JP-A-5-245758

  However, in the conventional water jet processing as described in Patent Document 1, when cutting a metal material, the cutting speed is improved by cutting by mixing an abrasive than when cutting only with high-pressure water. However, there is still a problem that the cutting speed is still slow as compared with laser machining, electric discharge machining, and the like.

  Then, this invention makes it a subject to provide the water jet cutting processing method and its apparatus which can improve the finishing of a cut surface while cutting speed becomes quick by forming a guide groove along a cutting line. To do.

  In the water jet cutting method according to the first aspect of the present invention, a guide groove is provided in advance along the cutting line of the material to be cut in the water jet cutting process.

  A water jet cutting method according to a second aspect of the present invention is the water jet cutting method according to the first aspect, wherein the guide groove is also provided in a pair on the back side of the cutting line.

  A water jet cutting method according to a third aspect of the present invention is the water jet cutting method according to the first or second aspect, wherein the guide groove has a V-shaped or U-shaped cross section.

  A water jet cutting method according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the water jet cutting method according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the guide groove is formed by press working using a press die.

  A water jet cutting method according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is the water jet cutting method according to any one of the first to third aspects, wherein the guide groove is formed by milling using a milling machine.

  A water jet cutting method according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is the water jet cutting method according to any one of the first to fifth aspects, wherein spherical zircon beads are mixed as an abrasive in high-pressure water for cutting the material to be cut. is there.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the water jet cutting processing method according to any one of the first to sixth aspects, when the material to be cut is cut from a portion away from the end face, A piercing (pilot hole) of about 1 mmφ to about 2 mmφ is formed.

  The water jet cutting processing device according to the invention of claim 8 is provided with guide grooves in advance along the cutting line of the material to be cut, and spherical zircon beads are mixed as abrasives in the high-pressure water for cutting the material to be cut. It is cut by a water jet.

  In the water jet cutting method according to the first aspect of the present invention, a guide groove is provided in advance along a cutting line by water jet processing of the material to be cut. Such a guide groove can be provided by various methods such as pressing and cutting. By spraying high-speed water from the spray nozzle along this guide groove, the cutting force of the high-speed water concentrates on the bottom of the guide groove and the cutting speed is improved. Furthermore, since the thickness of the material to be cut is reduced by the amount of the guide groove, the material can be cut even faster, and the effect of chamfering the cut surface can also be obtained by high-speed water flow using a water jet.

  Further, in the case of cutting in which a punch hole is provided for weight reduction or the like in a member made of a metal material such as aluminum or steel, by attaching an R to the edge of the groove when the guide groove is provided, In the case of having a punched hole, it is possible to prevent an accident that a hand is damaged by a sharp edge or a burr, or a rope is cut when a member made of a metal material is pulled through the punched hole.

  Thus, by forming the guide groove along the cutting line, it becomes a water jet cutting method capable of increasing the cutting speed and improving the finish of the cut surface.

  In the water jet cutting method according to the second aspect of the present invention, the guide grooves are also provided in pairs on the back side of the cutting line. As a result, the thickness of the material to be cut is further reduced by the amount of the guide grooves provided on both sides, so that cutting can be made even faster, and the edge of the cut surface on the back side should also have an R. And the finish is further improved.

  Thus, by forming the guide groove along the cutting line, it becomes a water jet cutting method capable of increasing the cutting speed and improving the finish of the front and back cut surfaces.

  In the water jet cutting method according to the third aspect of the present invention, the cross-sectional shape of the guide groove is V-shaped or U-shaped. The guide groove having a V-shaped or U-shaped cross-section can be easily formed by pressing using a press die or cutting using a cutting tool when the material to be cut is a metal material or the like. The high-speed water flow can be easily concentrated on the bottom of the guide groove when cutting with the water jet, and the cutting speed is further improved. For edge processing, it is possible to prevent injuries and the like of the operator by attaching R to the edge of the V shape or U shape.

  In this way, by forming a V-shaped or U-shaped guide groove along the cutting line, a water jet cutting method capable of further increasing the cutting speed and improving the finish of the cut surface, and Become.

  In the water jet cutting method according to the invention of claim 4, the guide groove is formed by pressing using a press die. This method is mainly applied to metal materials, and press dies are expensive, but once a die is made, a guide groove with R can be formed in a short time for any complicated cutting line. Because it can be formed on both sides, it is suitable for mass production.

  In this way, by forming the guide groove along the cutting line by press working using a press die, the guide groove can be formed in a short time, the cutting speed becomes faster and the front and back cut surfaces can be formed. This is a water jet cutting method capable of improving the finish.

  In the water jet cutting method according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the guide groove is formed by milling using a milling machine. This method is mainly applied to metal materials, and takes more time than pressing, but can be made at low cost, and is suitable for high-mix low-volume production.

  In this way, by forming the guide groove along the cutting line by milling using a milling machine, the guide groove can be formed at low cost, and the cutting speed is increased and the finish of the front and back cut surfaces is improved. This is a water jet cutting method that can be improved.

  In the water jet cutting method according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, spherical zircon beads are mixed as an abrasive in high-pressure water for cutting a material to be cut. As described above, since the “water jet cutting method” includes the “abrasive jet cutting method” in which abrasive particles are mixed and injected into high-pressure water, the garnet is also included in the inventions of claims 1 to 5. A case where abrasive particles such as particles are mixed and sprayed is also included. However, since the spherical zircon beads are nearly spherical, they are difficult to wear and crush, and since the injection energy is efficiently used for cutting the material to be cut, the cutting speed is further increased. Furthermore, the unevenness of the cut surface is reduced and the surface becomes smooth.

  In this way, by mixing spherical zircon beads as abrasives into the high-pressure water that forms the guide grooves along the cutting line and cuts the material to be cut, the cutting speed is further increased and the cutting surface is finished. This is a water jet cutting method that can be further improved.

  In the water jet cutting method according to the seventh aspect of the invention, when cutting the material to be cut from a portion away from the end face, a piercing (pilot hole) of about 1 mmφ to about 2 mmφ is formed at the cutting base point. It is. In this way, by forming a through hole at the base point of cutting, the material to be cut can be cut quickly as in the case of cutting from the end face.

  In this way, by forming the guide groove along the cutting line and drilling the pilot hole at the cutting base point, the water jet cutting can further increase the cutting speed and improve the finish of the cut surface. It becomes a processing method.

  The water jet cutting processing device according to the invention of claim 8 is provided with guide grooves in advance along the cutting line of the material to be cut, and spherical zircon beads are mixed as abrasives in the high-pressure water for cutting the material to be cut. It is cut by a water jet. Therefore, since the spherical zircon beads are nearly spherical, they are difficult to wear and crush, and since the injection energy is efficiently used for cutting the material to be cut, the cutting speed is further increased. Furthermore, the unevenness of the cut surface is reduced and the surface becomes smooth. In this way, by mixing spherical zircon beads as abrasives into the high-pressure water that forms the guide grooves along the cutting line and cuts the material to be cut, the cutting speed is further increased and the cutting surface is finished. This can be further improved.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2. FIG. 1A is a longitudinal sectional view showing a V-shaped guide groove in the water jet cutting method according to the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a longitudinal sectional view showing a U-shaped guide groove. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an outline of the water jet cutting method according to the embodiment of the present invention.

  As shown in FIG. 1A, the material to be cut 1 of the water jet cutting method according to the present embodiment is a metal material, and in particular, the aluminum metal plate 1 is the material to be cut. The aluminum metal plate 1 has a thickness of about 10 mm, and is provided with guide grooves 2A and 2B having a V-shaped cross section on the front and back along the cutting line. These guide grooves 2A and 2B having a V-shaped cross section are formed in one step by pressing using a press die provided with protrusions corresponding to the upper die and the lower die. , 2B is 2 mm in depth. Further, as shown in FIG. 1 (a), the corners of the guide grooves 2A and 2B are provided with R so as to correspond to the bases of the corresponding protrusions provided on the upper die and the lower die of the press die. It is formed by providing an R shape.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 1B, in another example of the water jet cutting method according to the present embodiment, guide grooves 3A having U-shaped cross sections on the front and back along the cutting line of the aluminum metal plate 1. , 3B are provided. These U-shaped guide grooves 3A and 3B are formed by milling using a milling machine. The depths of the guide grooves 3A and 3B having a U-shaped cross section are 1.5 mm each, and R is also attached to the corners of the guide grooves 3A and 3B. By providing an R-shaped blade corresponding to the milling blade used for milling, the guide grooves 3A and 3B having a U-shaped cross section can be cut by a single milling process and R can be attached to the corners thereof. .

  Still, the milling process using the milling machine cannot form the guide grooves 3A and 3B unless the front and back surfaces are made one by one along the cutting line of the aluminum metal plate 1. Therefore, the guide grooves 2A and 2B are formed by pressing. It takes much longer than that. Instead, since it is expensive to prepare a dedicated press die, the formation of the guide grooves 2A and 2B by press working is suitable for mass production, and the guide grooves 3A and 3B by milling using a milling machine are suitable. Formation is suitable for high-mix low-volume production.

  Next, a water jet cutting method of the aluminum metal plate 1 as a material to be cut in which the guide grooves 2A and 2B having a V-shaped cross section are formed in this manner will be described with reference to FIG. As shown in FIG. 2, in the water jet cutting method according to the present embodiment, spherical zircon beads supplied from an abrasive supply device (not shown) are mixed in high pressure water supplied from a high pressure pump (not shown). Then, the spray nozzle 4 sprays the high speed water flow 5 from the end face of the aluminum metal plate 1 into the guide groove 2A.

  The injection port at the lower end of the injection nozzle 4 has an inner diameter in a range of about 0.1 mmφ to about 0.45 mmφ, and a very thin high-speed water flow 5 is jetted at a high speed of about three times the speed of sound (Mach 3). It expands a little when it comes out of the mouth. The expanded high-speed water flow 5 is also guided by the guide groove 2A having a V-shaped cross section and is concentrated on the bottom (tip) of the guide groove 2A, and further, spherical zircon beads having a Mohs hardness of 7 that are close to a true sphere and difficult to wear and crush However, when the Mach 3 is sprayed at the high speed of the Mach 3 along with the high speed water flow 5 at the bottom of the guide groove 2A, the cutting force by the high speed water flow 5 is remarkably improved, and the aluminum metal plate 1 is cut at a high speed.

  Moreover, since the cutting thickness of the aluminum metal plate 1 is as small as 10 mm− (2 mm × 2) = 6 mm, the aluminum metal plate having a thickness of 10 mm without the guide groove under the same pressure of high-pressure water or the like. Whereas the cutting speed is about 50 cm / min, the cutting speed of the aluminum metal plate 1 on which the guide grooves 2A and 2B are formed is improved to 1 m / min or more, twice or more. Furthermore, since the spherical zircon beads are used as an abrasive, the cut surface is smooth and finished, and the corners of the guide grooves 2A and 2B have Rs, so that the operator is injured at the sharp cut part. There is no fear.

  In this way, in the water jet cutting method according to the present embodiment, the guide grooves 2A and 2B having a V-shaped cross section of 2 mm are formed along the cutting line, and aluminum metal as a material to be cut is formed. By mixing spherical zircon beads as an abrasive in the high-pressure water stream 5 that cuts the plate 1, the cutting speed can be dramatically increased and the finish of the cut surface can be further improved. In addition, since spherical zircon beads close to a true sphere ride on the flow velocity of a high-speed water flow, it was necessary to use high-pressure water of 100 MPa to 150 MPa in conventional abrasive jet processing using an abrasive, whereas high-pressure water Even if the pressure is reduced to 30 MPa to 50 MPa, the same effect can be obtained, so that the life of the high-pressure pump, the high-pressure pipe and the injection nozzle can be greatly extended. Moreover, it has the feature that difficult-to-cut materials such as titanium can be easily ground and cut.

  In the present embodiment, the case where spherical zircon beads are mixed as an abrasive in the high-pressure water stream 5 has been described. However, even when the high-pressure water stream is cut using only the high-pressure water stream without using the abrasive, garnet particles, alumina particles, ruby and sapphire Even when other abrasives such as scrap are mixed, the effect of improving the cutting speed by providing the guide grooves 2A and 2B can be obtained.

  In the present embodiment, the case where the cutting line is a straight line has been described. However, even if the cutting line is any complicated curve, the effect of improving the cutting speed can be obtained by similarly providing the guide groove. be able to. In the water jet cutting processing apparatus, NC control (simultaneous 2-5 axis NC simultaneous control, etc.), teaching, etc. can be used as a control method for moving the injection nozzle 4 along the guide groove 2A (including a complicated curve). However, it is preferable to use a stylus (guide with two points) of a stylus such as hydraulic or electric because it can be constructed at low cost.

  In carrying out the present invention, the other steps of the water jet cutting method and the configuration, shape, quantity, material, size, connection relationship, etc. of the material to be cut are also limited to the present embodiment. It is not a thing.

FIG. 1A is a longitudinal sectional view showing a V-shaped guide groove in the water jet cutting method according to the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a longitudinal sectional view showing a U-shaped guide groove. FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an outline of the water jet cutting method according to the embodiment of the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

1 Material to be cut 2A, 2B, 3A, 3B Guide groove 4 Injection nozzle 5 High-speed water flow

Claims (8)

  In the water jet cutting process, a guide groove is provided in advance along the cutting line of the material to be cut.   The water jet cutting method according to claim 1, wherein the guide grooves are also provided in pairs on the back side of the cutting line.   The water jet cutting method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the guide groove has a V-shaped or U-shaped cross section.   The water jet cutting method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the guide groove is formed by press working using a press die.   The water jet cutting method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the guide groove is formed by milling using a milling machine.   The water jet cutting method according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein spherical zircon beads are mixed as an abrasive in high-pressure water for cutting the material to be cut.   7. When cutting the material to be cut from a portion away from the end face, a piercing (pilot hole) of about 1 mmφ to about 2 mmφ is formed at a cutting base point. The water jet cutting method according to claim 1. A water jet cutting characterized in that a guide groove is provided in advance along a cutting line of a material to be cut, spherical zircon beads are mixed as an abrasive in high-pressure water for cutting the material to be cut, and cutting is performed with a water jet. Processing equipment.

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