JP2008025860A - Ventilation device for buildings having a space between the roof and the ceiling - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a ventilation device capable of effectively preventing intrusion of heat from a roof to an indoor space by direct sunlight though its structure is simple. <P>SOLUTION: In performing the ventilation by discharging air in an under-ceiling-space 22 and introducing outside air into the under-ceiling 14-space, an under-roof-space 21 covered by a member receiving direct sunlight, including a roof 13 is used as an air discharging flow channel for forcibly discharging the air in the under-ceiling-space 22. In a drawing, 11 is a floor, 12 is a side wall, and 30 is a cooling device for the under-ceiling-space 22. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a building ventilator having a ceiling space, which has a high effect of suppressing the entrance of heat from a roof heated by direct sunlight into a living space, despite its simple structure. .

  Ventilation is necessary because the air in the building, especially in the living space, rises in carbon dioxide and moisture due to people's breathing. If the outdoor temperature is not hot, it is not cold and is at or near the proper temperature, the room is kept at that temperature by ventilation, and no cooling is required. However, conventionally, in a building where the roof is directly exposed to sunlight and the heat is transmitted to the living space through the ceiling, the indoor temperature rises and exceeds the appropriate temperature as compared with those not directly exposed to sunlight. In order to prevent this, the amount of ventilation can be increased, but there are various obstacles, and the temperature is usually lowered by cooling. For this reason, there is a problem that the cooling load increases or an extra heat insulating member is required to suppress the cooling load. Moreover, even in the summer cooling, the buildings that receive direct sunlight on the roof have substantially the same problems as the buildings that do not.

  On the other hand, as a proposal completely different from the inventor in terms of conditions and purpose, a flat Peltier element is arranged on the ceiling in a state where the plate surface is exposed indoors, and the indoor air is exhausted to the outdoors. An air conditioning facility used as an exhaust passage is disclosed (for example, Patent Document 1). According to this, when the Peltier element is energized and its surface on the exhaust channel side is brought into contact with the exhaust from the room to the outside, heat is taken away from the surface on the exhaust channel side where the temperature is high during cooling, and conversely the temperature during heating Heat is applied to the surface on the side of the exhaust flow path where the temperature becomes low, and the cooling / heating effect can be enhanced. However, in this document, the roof is directly exposed to the sun in the summer, the heat is transmitted to the room through the ceiling, the temperature of the room rises, and the burden of air conditioning increases. Not touching.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-199998

  In view of the above, the present invention provides a ventilator that has a high effect of suppressing heat from entering from the roof due to direct sunlight in spite of its simple structure in order to eliminate the drawbacks of the prior art described above. There is to do.

In order to achieve the above object, a building ventilation apparatus having a ceiling space according to the invention of claim 1 includes a roof for exhausting air in the space below the ceiling and introducing outdoor air into the space. The ceiling back space covered with the receiving member is used as an exhaust passage for forcibly discharging the air in the space below the ceiling to the outside.

In addition to the configuration of the invention of claim 1, the invention of claim 2 is a portion in which an exhaust passage for forcibly discharging the air in the space below the ceiling to the outside is biased to the roof side of the ceiling space by baffles It is limited to.

The invention of claim 3 includes a cooling device for the space below the ceiling in addition to the configuration of the invention of claim 1 or 2.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the configuration of the third aspect of the invention, the air exhausted from the space below the ceiling through the ceiling back space to the outside and the air fed into the space below the ceiling An indirect heat exchanger for indirect contact and heat exchange is provided.

   According to the first aspect of the present invention, when ventilation is performed, the member including the roof, which has been heated by direct sunlight, passes from the space below the ceiling to the outside through the ceiling space used as the exhaust passage. Since it is in contact with the exhausted air, cooled, and reduced in temperature, the amount of heat transfer to the space below the ceiling is reduced accordingly, and the temperature is lowered. As a result, the space below the ceiling is easier to overcome than when the present invention is not carried out, and it is possible to eliminate the need for cooling.

According to the invention of claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1, the exhaust flow path for forcibly discharging the air in the space below the ceiling to the outside is a portion on the roof side of the ceiling space by the baffles Therefore, the degree of contact with the air from the space below the ceiling is increased, and the amount of heat transfer to the space below the ceiling is reduced, and the temperature is reduced. As a result, the space below the ceiling is more easily surpassed and the proportion of cooling unnecessary increases. The baffle plates include not only a baffle plate that merely blocks the flow of air in a certain part, but also a guide plate that guides the flow of air to a desired part with less resistance.

According to the invention of claim 3, in addition to the effects of claims 1 and 2, the member that covers the ceiling space comes into contact with the low-temperature air that has been reduced in temperature by the cooling device and covers the ceiling space. Since the degree of heat reduction increases, thereby further reducing the amount of heat transfer to the space below the ceiling, the burden is reduced even when a cooling device is used, compared to the case where the present invention is not implemented.

According to the invention of claim 4, in addition to the effect of claim 3, it is effective when the temperature of the outside air introduced into the space below the ceiling is higher than that of the exhaust from the ceiling space by contact with the lower surface of the roof. In this way, a part of the sensible heat of the outside air is taken away by the exhaust gas and the temperature is reduced, so that the air conditioning burden is reduced accordingly.

A first embodiment for implementing a building ventilator having a ceiling space according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 1. Reference numeral 10 denotes a rectangular parallelepiped shape most suitable for implementing the present invention, for example, used in an office. These buildings are each composed of a flat surface 11, a side wall 12 having windows and doors (not shown), and a roof 13. 14 is a ceiling extending in parallel to the roof 13 inside the building 10 and divides the interior of the building 10 into an attic space 21 and a living space 22 below it. The main member that covers the attic space 21 that is most susceptible to direct sunlight is the roof 13.

In addition, an air-conditioning (cooling) device 30 is provided at the corner of the living space 22, and a ventilation fan 40 is provided on the opposite side of the air-conditioning device 30. Each is provided. As a result, the attic space 21 is used as an exhaust flow path for ventilation, and although not shown, the side wall 12 of the attic space 21 where the exhaust port necessary for ventilation is farthest from the fan 40 is provided. Is provided. A ventilation fan may be provided at the position of the ventilation fan 40 at the position of the air outlet from the living space 22 to the attic space 21 and the exhaust outlet.

  The operation will be described. When the outside air is relatively low, the cooling device 30 is not operated, and only the fan 40 is operated. In this case, the air in the living space 22 is exhausted to the outside by the fan 40 through the ceiling space 21 that is an exhaust passage, and the same amount of outside air is introduced into the living space 22 as ventilation. Is done. Even when the roof 13 is exposed to direct sunlight, the member covering the attic space 21 including the roof 13 that rises in temperature due to direct sunlight comes into contact with the air from the living space 22 and is cooled and reduced. Since it is heated, the amount of heat transfer to the living space 22 below the ceiling 14 is reduced, the temperature is lowered, and the living space 22 below the ceiling 14 is easily surpassed, and there is no cooling for a considerable period of the year. It is also possible to do it.

  Further, when the outdoor air temperature is high in summer and both the cooling device 30 and the fan 40 are operated, the member that covers the ceiling space 21 comes into contact with the low-temperature air that has been reduced in temperature by the cooling device 30, so that the temperature is reduced. The degree increases. Thereby, since the amount of heat transfer to the living space 22 below the ceiling 14 is reduced, even if the cooling device 30 is used, the burden is reduced.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 2. Reference numeral 21 a denotes a plurality of baffle plates for narrowing the width of air flow in the ceiling space 21, and thereby the roof 13 side of the ceiling space 21. The portion that is biased to is mainly used as an exhaust passage GR for forcibly discharging the air in the living space 22 below the ceiling 14 to the outside. Other configurations are the same as those of the first embodiment, and the corresponding symbols are also the same.

As a means for forming the exhaust passage in the portion of the back space 21 that is biased toward the roof 13, for example, for a building having a mountain-shaped roof, the height varies depending on the distance between the ceiling and the roof. In order to reduce the air flow width, such as a baffle plate and a guide plate that guides the flow of air, the baffle plate and the guide plate are simple and have a low flow resistance. The dimensions, posture (tilt), and arrangement are not limited to those described above.

A description will be given of the action. Since the portion of the ceiling space 21 that is biased toward the roof 13 is mainly used as an exhaust passage GR for forcibly discharging the air in the living space 22 below the ceiling 14 to the outside, the ceiling 14 The degree of contact with air from the lower living space 22 increases, and the temperature of the lower surface of the roof 14 further decreases. As a result, the amount of heat transfer to the living space 22 is further reduced as compared with the second embodiment, the temperature is lowered, the living space 22 is easily surpassed, and the proportion of cooling unnecessary is increased.

Finally, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 3. In addition to the configuration of the first embodiment, the outside air introduced into the living space 22 and the exhaust from the ceiling space 21 are indirectly cross-flowed or An indirect heat exchanger 50 (for example, a cross-flow type heat exchanger LOSSNAY made of specially processed paper manufactured by Mitsubishi Electric) for countercurrent heat exchange is attached to the height of the side wall 12 and the ceiling 14 with almost no gas conduit. .

  The operation will be described below. It is effective when the temperature of the outside air introduced into the living space 22 is higher than that of the exhaust from the ceiling space 21 even by contact with the lower surface of the roof 14. Compared to the embodiment, since the outside air is deprived of some of its sensible heat by the exhaust gas, the cooling load is reduced accordingly.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a vertical sectional view showing a first embodiment for carrying out the present invention. It is a vertical sectional view showing the 2nd example for carrying out the present invention. It is a vertical sectional view showing a 3rd example for carrying out the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Building 11 Floor 12 Side wall 13 Roof 14 Ceiling 21 Attic space 21a Baffle plate 22 Living space 30 Cooling device 40 Fan 50 Indirect heat exchanger GR Exhaust flow path

Claims (4)

When exhausting air in the space below the ceiling and ventilating by introducing outdoor air into the space, the ceiling back space, which is covered with a member that receives direct sunlight, forcibly exhausts the air in the space below the ceiling to the outside. A building ventilator having a ceiling space, characterized by being used as an exhaust passage. The ceiling back according to claim 1, wherein an exhaust passage for forcibly discharging the air in the space below the ceiling to the outside is limited to a portion biased toward the roof side of the ceiling space by baffles. Ventilator for buildings with space. The building ventilator having a ceiling back space according to claim 1 or 2, further comprising a cooling device for a space below the ceiling. The air exhausted from the space below the ceiling through the space behind the ceiling to the outside and the air sent into the space below the ceiling are in indirect contact with each other and include an indirect heat exchanger for heat exchange. A building ventilator having a ceiling space according to claim 3.

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