JP2008118922A - Yam cultivation method and cultivation apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a space-saving and energy-saving method that can cultivate yams on a three-dimensional device scale by circulating supply of nourishing water under appropriate cultivation conditions, and has good workability. Providing cultivation equipment.
A box having an outer shape formed into a substantially rectangular bowl shape, wherein a drain hole or a drain notch is formed on the entire bottom plate, a gravel layer is formed on the bottom plate, And a single or a plurality of yam cultivation cylinders having a plurality of slits in the longitudinal direction extending in the longitudinal direction from the upper part of the front side plate so as to detachably extend horizontally or obliquely downward in the gravel layer. Are arranged in a plurality of upper and lower stages so that each can be pulled out, and water is fed from the top of the uppermost yam cultivation container to sequentially flow through the uppermost yam cultivation containers. A cultivating apparatus for foothills, characterized in that a circulating nutrient water supply device for flowing out from the lowermost part of the bottommost foot cultivating container is provided.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention is a space-saving, energy-saving method that can cultivate hillsides on a three-dimensional scale by circulating and supplying nutrient water in places where mountainsides are not mountain streams, and has good workability. The present invention relates to a cultivation method and a cultivation apparatus.

  The foot of the mountain is a special product of Japan, and its suitable cultivation area was cultivated only in a limited area because it is a deep valley with clean water with a water temperature of 8 to 17 degrees throughout the year. The rhizomes continue to enlarge even after flowering and the leaves, which are formed sequentially toward the top of the rhizomes, become old leaves as they grow, leaving leaves and leaves falling, so that the edible rhizomes have a terrible form. And a sprout bud is produced from the leaflet part where the old leaf of the rhizome has fallen, and a branched stem is formed, which is taken as a seedling for cultivation. The roots originate from the bottom of the rhizome and extend deep underground. The most suitable place for growth is a half-negative evergreen plant where deciduous trees grow properly, block the intense light in summer, and get enough sun in winter.

  In this way, the foot of a mountain forms a mountain paddy field with gravels (river gravel such as pebbles) and is cultivated in the field for a long time. In order for the yam to grow and be cultivated properly, if the medium is eutrophied, there is an adverse effect on the growth of the yam, and a medium with less nutrients should be used. It is said that the flow rate is about 20 cm, the water temperature is about 12 to 15 degrees, and the amount of dissolved oxygen is preferably 10 ppm or more.

It is good to form a mountain paddy field using mountainous water and sloping land that meet these conditions, but its suitable land is limited. Therefore, in order to break away from such a limited condition, cultivation of a mountain stream has been carried out in which a mountain paddy field is artificially formed and water flowing in the same manner as a stream is applied thereto. Typical examples are a field for wasabi cultivation and a cultivation method for wasabi. [Reference 1]
JP-A-6-78623 ([0008], [0013], [0020])

  In the prior art, in order to prevent rooting in the vicinity of the rhizosphere due to insufficient circulation of nutrient water in the cultivation tank (field), a partition wall is provided at the bottom of the cultivation tank to provide uniform nutrient water. It is excellent in eliminating the retention of nutrient water by obtaining a smooth flow, but the cultivation tank has a flat pool shape, and the production per installation area is 40-45 cm in depth. There was a problem with sex. In order to solve these problems, the present applicant has previously filed two patent applications. One is Japanese Patent Application No. 2006-186642 “cultivation method and cultivation apparatus for yam”, and the other is Japanese Patent Application No. 2006-197524 “cultivation apparatus for yam”. The present invention is a further improvement of these prior applications, and can circulate and supply nourishing water that brings about appropriate cultivation conditions, and can spread the nourishing water throughout the entire yam cultivation section, and a three-dimensional device. It is a space-saving and energy-saving method capable of cultivating yam on a scale, and provides a method and an apparatus for cultivating yam with good workability.

  In order to achieve the above object, a method for cultivating yam according to claim 1 of the present invention includes arranging a plurality of yam cultivation containers that can be pulled out in a plurality of stages, and circulating water supply at the uppermost stage. The circulation from the top of the yam cultivation container to the yam seedlings planted in each yam cultivation container by flowing out from the lowermost part of the yam cultivation container at the lowest level via the plurality of yam cultivation containers in sequence It is characterized by supplying nourishing water and allowing it to pass.

  By adopting this configuration, since a plurality of yam cultivation containers are stacked in a plurality of stages, that is, three-dimensionally, the productivity of yam cultivation per installation area can be improved even indoors. In addition, because the yam cultivation container is installed so that it can be pulled out, it is easy to check the yam growth, and even if the yam growth is uneven in the upper and lower sides, it is possible to grow by replacing the upper and lower yam cultivation containers. is there. In addition, since the circulating nutrient water is allowed to flow naturally from the top to the bottom of the yam cultivation box, it can be supplied evenly over the entire number of yam cultivation containers in which yam seedlings are planted. Homogeneity and promotion of training can be achieved.

  Further, the method for cultivating yam according to claim 2 is the method for cultivating yam according to claim 1, wherein the yam cultivation container is a box whose outer shape is formed in a substantially rectangular shape, and the entire bottom plate is drained. A hole or drainage notch is formed, a gravel layer is formed on the bottom plate, the mountain seedling is planted inside, and one or a plurality of mountain cultivating cylinders having a slit portion on the surface are placed in the gravel layer It is arranged to be detachably inserted in the horizontal direction or obliquely downward, and the circulating nutrient water sprayed from the top of the yam cultivation container uniformly moistens the yam seedling in the yam cultivation tube and passes through the bottom plate. It is characterized by being drained. Moreover, the method for cultivating the yam according to claim 3 is the method for cultivating the yam according to claim 2, wherein the plurality of yam cultivating tubes are in a zigzag shape or a grid shape in the cross-sectional direction and substantially parallel to each other. It is characterized by being arranged.

With this configuration, the yam seedlings are stored in yam cultivation tubes, the yam cultivation tubes are inserted horizontally or obliquely downward with respect to the yam cultivation containers, and the seedlings are fed into the nourishing water that flows down or drops from above the yam cultivation containers. A yam can be cultivated and cultivated by giving the root part in sufficient contact with nutrients, oxygen and the like. In addition, when the yam cultivation tube is provided extending obliquely downward, the length of the yam cultivation tube can be taken most effectively with respect to the depth of the yam cultivation container, It is possible to efficiently reduce the size. Thereby, even if the area where the nutrient water flows down or drops is small, it is possible to sufficiently irrigate the yam cultivation cylinder. In addition, with respect to the vertical cross-sectional direction of the container, the yam cultivation cylinders are arranged in a zigzag shape or in a grid shape, and substantially parallel to each other, so that the yam is flown or dripped from above the yam cultivation container. The cultivation cylinder can be efficiently irrigated, and the three-dimensional space inside the yam cultivation container can be fully utilized. Moreover, although the several drainage hole or the notch for drainage is formed in the bottom face of the said yam cultivation container, the number, shape, and magnitude | size of this installation are the water supply with respect to the yam seedling stored in the said yam cultivation cylinder It depends on the supply situation, the condition of collecting the nutrient water in the yam cultivation container, the flow of nutrient water in the gravel layer in the yam cultivation container, or the yam cultivation container below when the yam cultivation container is stacked It depends on how you water.

  Moreover, the cultivation method of the yam according to claim 4 is the cultivation method of yam according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the circulating nutrient water is nutrient water containing oxygen microbubbles and oxygen nanobubbles. .

  With this configuration, circulating water supply not only adjusts the nutrients, water temperature and flow rate (determines how to wet the rhizome part of the yam seedling) to predetermined values, but also includes oxygen microbubbles and oxygen nanobubbles. If the nutrient water is supplied, the dissolved amount of oxygen obtained from the nutrient water increases with respect to the rhizome part of the yam seedling, and the growth of the yam seedling is accelerated, and oxygen nanobubbles reach the rhizome part directly, The rhizome part can be activated by oxidizing and removing malignant microorganisms present in the part. This can speed up the training of yam. An oxygen microbubble is a bubble having a bubble diameter of 50 μm or less. When oxygen macrobubbles are generated by shearing a gas-liquid two-phase fluid of oxygen and water, and when the oxygen macrobubbles are crushed in water, a part of them is generated. It is converted into oxygen nanobubbles (bubble diameter of 1 μm or less), and the remaining oxygen is dissolved in water.

  The cultivating apparatus for mountain bream according to claim 5 is a box whose outer shape is formed in a substantially rectangular cocoon shape, wherein a drain hole or a drain notch is formed on the entire bottom plate, and a gravel layer is formed on the bottom plate. And singular or multiple yam cultivation cylinders having a plurality of slits extending over the entire length in the longitudinal direction are detachable horizontally or obliquely downward from the top of the front side plate into the gravel layer. A plurality of the yam cultivation containers provided in an extended manner are arranged in a plurality of stages up and down, and water is fed from the top of the yam cultivation container at the uppermost stage so that the plural stages of the yam cultivation containers are sequentially A circulating nutrient water supply device for flowing out from the lowermost part of the bottom cultivated container via, and provided on the receiving frame of the machine frame so that each of the cultivated containers can be pulled out. Features. According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a cultivating apparatus for foothills according to the fifth aspect, wherein a plurality of the hillside cultivating tubes are arranged in a zigzag pattern or a grid pattern in a cross-sectional direction and substantially parallel to each other. It was set up. Moreover, the cultivating apparatus for yam according to claim 7 is the cultivating apparatus for yam according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the yam cultivation container and the yam cultivation cylinder are made of a light-transmitting synthetic resin. . Further, the mountain cultivating apparatus according to claim 8 is the mountain cultivating apparatus according to claim 5, 6, or 7, wherein a plurality of stages of mountain cultivating containers are arranged on the left and right in one or two rows in the depth direction. It is characterized by being installed in a row.

  With this configuration, the yam seedlings are stored in the yam cultivation tube, the yam cultivation tube is inserted horizontally or obliquely downward with respect to the yam cultivation container, and the yam seedlings are fed to the nourishing water flowing down or dripping from the upper side of the yam cultivation container. The yam can be cultivated and cultivated by sufficiently bringing the root part of the plant into contact with each other to give nutrients, oxygen and the like. In addition, when the yam cultivation tube is provided extending obliquely downward, the length of the yam cultivation tube can be taken most effectively with respect to the depth of the yam cultivation container, Effective dimensions can be reduced efficiently. Thereby, the installation area of the yam cultivation container with respect to the yam cultivation cylinder can be made small, and it becomes possible to increase the cultivation amount of a yam over the whole installation area by extension. In addition, by arranging the yam cultivation tubes in a zigzag shape or in a grid shape with respect to the vertical cross-sectional direction of the box and substantially parallel to each other, the yam is added to the nourishing water flowing down or dripping from above the yam cultivation container. The cultivation cylinder can be efficiently irrigated, and the three-dimensional space inside the yam cultivation container can be fully utilized. Moreover, although the several drainage hole or the notch for drainage is formed in the bottom face of the said yam cultivation container, the number, shape, and magnitude | size of this installation are the water supply with respect to the yam seedling stored in the said yam cultivation cylinder It depends on the supply situation, the condition of collecting the nutrient water in the yam cultivation container, the flow of nutrient water in the gravel layer in the yam cultivation container, or the yam cultivation container below when the yam cultivation container is stacked It depends on how you water.

  In addition, by adopting this configuration, a plurality of yam cultivation containers are vertically stacked in a plurality of stages, that is, three-dimensionally, so that the productivity of yam cultivation per installation area can be improved even indoors. In addition, because the yam cultivation container is installed so that it can be pulled out, it is easy to confirm the growth of the yam, and even if the yam growth is uneven in the upper and lower sides, the upper and lower yam cultivation containers can be rearranged. Excellent workability as possible. In addition, since circulating water is allowed to flow naturally from the top to the bottom of the yam cultivation box, it can be evenly supplied to all the yam cultivation containers in which yam seedlings are planted. Homogeneity and promotion of training can be achieved.

Moreover, since the cultivation device of the yam by this structure takes the form which piled up the yam cultivation container three-dimensionally, installation space can be reduced with respect to the cultivation amount, and increase the cultivation amount per installation area as indoor equipment. Can do. In addition, it is possible to further increase the production scale by arranging multiple stages in multiple rows, and furthermore, because the yam cultivation containers are consolidated, the adjustment of the ambient temperature and water temperature is stable. As well as being able to adjust the irradiation conditions such as sunlight, it is easy to improve the productivity of yam. In addition, a plurality of the yam cultivation containers of the present invention are installed so that each can be inserted into or removed from the multistage multi-row container receiving bar of the machine frame, and light and visible synthetic yam cultivation made of synthetic resin Since the container is used, it is easy to grasp the growth status of the yam cultivated in the yam cultivation container and visually manage the supply state of the nutrient water, and the workability such as the cultivation and maintenance of the yam cultivation can be improved. Moreover, since it is light transmissive, external light such as sunlight or artificial light can be taken into the yam cultivation container, which contributes to the cultivation of yam. Further, by arranging the yam cultivation containers arranged in multi-stages and rows in a back-to-back manner, the insertion or withdrawal of the respective yam cultivation containers can be freely performed without mutual restriction, and management and workability are good. In addition, when two rows of yam cultivation container groups are arranged as modules with the work passage interposed therebetween, the yam cultivation capacity can be increased with respect to the installation area, and the work efficiency such as the cultivation management of the yam cultivation containers can be improved. it can. In addition, since the circulating nutrient water supply device corresponding to these yam cultivation devices is provided, nutrient nutrients, water temperature, flowing water amount, dissolved oxygen amount, etc. can be managed collectively, and yam cultivation containers It is also easy to adjust and manage the amount of running water every time, increasing the production efficiency of yam cultivation, and maintaining and improving the quality of yam. In addition, if a yam cultivation apparatus is installed indoors and the water quality is controlled by a nutrient water circulation, there is no danger of harmful insects and microorganisms, and cultivation without pesticides is possible.

  According to the method for cultivating yam according to claim 1 of the present invention, circulating nutrient water can be reliably supplied to each yam cultivation tube, so that the homogenization of yam cultivation is achieved, and the quality and quality of the yam Yield can be improved. Moreover, since the yam cultivation container which accommodated the several yam cultivation cylinder can be made thin, it can be piled up in multiple steps indoors and can contribute to the productivity improvement of the yam per installation area. According to the method for cultivating yam according to claims 2 and 3, the root part of the seedling is sufficiently brought into contact with nourishing water flowing down or dripping from above by way of inserting the yam cultivation tube into the yam cultivation container, so that nutrients and oxygen content can be obtained. Etc., so that the yam can be grown sufficiently uniformly. Moreover, when the yam cultivation cylinder is extended diagonally downward, the planar dimension of the yam cultivation container can be reduced without waste, and the installation area of the yam cultivation container can be efficiently reduced with respect to the cultivation amount. As a result, it becomes possible to increase the cultivation amount of yam relative to the entire installation area. In addition, a plurality of drainage holes or drainage notches are formed on the bottom surface of the yam cultivation container. However, the nourishing water in the gravel layer in the yam cultivation container is stored. Depending on the flow or the manner of water supply to the lower yam cultivation container when the yam cultivation containers are stacked, it is possible to arbitrarily adjust the supply state of nutrient water to the yam seedlings stored in the yam cultivation cylinder. According to the method for cultivating yam according to claim 4, since nourishing water of a predetermined quality is supplied and circulated, there is little time-series fluctuation in quality of circulating water, and in addition, oxygen macro bubbles and oxygen Since nanobubbles are contained, the amount of dissolved oxygen is also increased to promote the growth of yam rhizomes, and it is also possible to oxidize and remove microorganisms that adversely affect the rhizomes.

  In addition, according to the yam cultivation apparatus according to claims 5 to 8 of the present invention, since the yam cultivation container can be three-dimensionally constructed in a plurality of stages and a plurality of rows, the installation area may be small with respect to the production scale. . This makes it easy to install a yam cultivation device indoors, and it is easy to prepare the yam cultivation environment (optimization of light irradiation conditions, less fluctuation in temperature, prevention of invasion of pests, etc.). It can be optimized by cultivating without agricultural chemicals, and the quality and productivity of yam can be improved. In addition, the yam cultivation container is lightweight, made of visible synthetic resin, and installed so that it can be pulled out, so it is easy to check the yam growth, and the yam growth is uneven in the upper and lower sides. Moreover, it is excellent in management and workability so that the upper and lower yam cultivation containers can be rearranged. In addition, since the flow rate and quality control of the circulating water supply that plays an important role in the cultivation of the yam can be concentrated and performed collectively, it is easy to manage the cultivation conditions of the yam.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic overall perspective view of a yam cultivation apparatus according to the best mode for carrying out the present invention and a system diagram of a circulating nutrient water supply apparatus. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. FIG. 3 is a perspective view taken along arrow BB in FIG. FIG. 4 is an overall perspective view of the machine frame of the yam cultivation apparatus in FIG. 1. FIG. 5 is a yam cultivation container used in the yam cultivation device, where (a) is a front view, (b) is a bottom view, (c) is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA, and (d) is yam cultivation. It is a perspective view of a cylinder.

  An embodiment of a yam cultivation apparatus according to the present invention will be described based on FIGS. 1, 2, 3 and 4. The yam cultivation apparatus 1 includes an aggregate of yam cultivation containers 2 into which yam cultivation tubes 37 are inserted, and an yam cultivation container. 2 and a circulating nutrient water supply device 11 for supplying the circulating nutrient water to 2. Moreover, although the yam cultivation apparatus 1 has shown the embodiment which piles up the yam cultivation container 2 in 3 steps | paragraphs and 6 rows, and cultivates the yam 10, when describing the yam cultivation container 2 which grows the yam 10, width 20-50cm Using a yam cultivation container 2 having a depth of 25 to 40 cm and a height of 30 to 45 cm, the inside of the yam cultivation cylinder 37 having an inner diameter of 8 cm provided with six 1-thick slits 37-1 for the rhizome 10-1 of the seedling of the yam 10 And inserted into the container downward with an inclination angle of 45 ° from the insertion hole 32-1, and then the interior of the container is filled with about 3 to 25 mm of pumice to form the gravel layer 4. These three-stage yam cultivation containers 2 are installed on the container receiving bar 3-3 of the machine frame 3, and the nutrient water is sprinkled and irrigated from the upper part of the yam cultivation container 2 to pass through the gravel layer 4 and the rhizome 10- Grow nutrients and dissolved oxygen to 1 and grow. The nutrient water sprinkled and irrigated from the sprinkling hole 14-1 of the circulating nutrient water supply pipe 14 to the upper hill cultivation container 2 passes through the hill cultivation container 2, flows out of the drain hole 34-1 of the bottom plate 34, and then reaches the next stage. Watering and irrigating the yam cultivation container 2 In this way, after passing through the third-stage yam cultivation container 2, it is drained to the central drainage 5 and returns to the circulating nutrient water supply device 11 via the circulating nutrient return pipe 15. In this way, if the circulating nutrient water is pumped up only once, then the structure can flow down only by gravity, so it is also an energy saving facility.

  The yam cultivation container 2 according to the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. 5. The yam cultivation container 2 includes a metal bottom plate 34, a synthetic resin front side plate 32, and side plates 35 and 35. A container is constructed by sandwiching the back plate 36 with a metal double casing 31 raised from the four corners of the bottom plate 34. Adhesion between the side plates 32, 35, 35, and 36 made of synthetic resin and the casing 31 can be arbitrarily performed by using an adhesive or screwing through a sealing material (not shown). As the synthetic resin plate, an acrylic plate or a polycarbonate plate having a thickness of about 5 mm is usually suitable because it is lightweight, has high strength, is transparent, and has adherence. Further, these side plates 32, 35, 35, and 36 are not limited to being made of synthetic resin, but it is possible to use metal plates although transparency is sacrificed. In addition, the production of the yam cultivation container 2 is performed by forming the side plates 32, 35, 35, 36 and the bottom plate 34 of the container 2 integrally by bonding the synthetic resin plates to each other with an adhesive without using the device frame 31. It is also possible.

  Further, in the yam cultivation container 2, three yam cultivation cylinders 37 for housing and cultivating the rhizome 10-1 of the yam 10 are inserted, and the insertion holes are arranged in three zigzags in the upper part of the front side plate 32. It is inserted so as to be in contact with the opposite back side surface plate 36 at an inclination angle of about 45 °, obliquely downward from 32-1. The diameter of the yam cultivation cylinder 37 is usually in the range of about 6 to 12 cm. As shown in FIG. 5 d, a ridge portion 37-2 is provided at the end of the ridge cultivation tube 37, and the ridge cultivation tube 37 is inserted with the ridge portion 37-2 contacting the front side plate 32. Sometimes, the insertion posture can be reliably held. In addition, a plurality of slits 37-1 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the yam cultivation tube 37 over substantially the entire length in the longitudinal direction. The slit 37-1 introduces nutrient water flowing down or dripping from above into the yam cultivation cylinder 37, irrigates the rhizome 10-1, and supplies nutrients and the like. Moreover, it is also possible to guide the root hair derived from the rhizome 10-1 in the yam cultivation tube 37 to the outside from the slit 37-1 and absorb nutrients and the like. The number of slits is determined based on this situation, but it is usually 6-10. Further, the insertion inclination angle α of the yam cultivation cylinder 37 is in the range of 30 to 60 °, and is determined from the viewpoint of irrigation with the nutrient water and the depth and height of the container, but usually around 45 ° is preferable. is there. The yam cultivation cylinder 37 can be manufactured using a synthetic resin, a synthetic rubber or a metal, but it is preferable to use a synthetic resin from the viewpoint of sunshine or observation of the growing condition. Moreover, when synthetic rubber is used, it can respond to the enormous amount accompanying the growth of the rhizome 10-1. Further, the cross section of the yam cultivation cylinder 37 is preferably a cylindrical shape because it is easy in terms of production, but may be an oval shape or a polygonal shape. Further, the shape of the slit 37-1 may be any of a rectangle, a circle, and an oval, but a rectangle is desirable from the production surface.

  Moreover, as shown in FIG. 5 b, a plurality of circular drain holes 34-1 are provided on the bottom plate 34 of the yam cultivation container 2 for drainage of nutrient water supplied from above. The shape of the drain hole 34-1 is not limited to a circular shape, and for example, an oval or radial rectangular cutout may be provided. The shape, size, number, and distribution of the drain holes 34-1 are determined by the pattern of water flow or dripping of the nutrient water passing through the container into the yam cultivation cylinder 37, that is, the manner of irrigation of the yam cultivation cylinder 37. Moreover, when constructing the yam cultivation container 2 by stacking three stages, the size, number and distribution of the drainage holes 34-1 determine the distribution of water supply to the yam cultivation container 2 below. Also become. In addition, the bottom plate 34 is preferably made of metal from the viewpoint of forming the drain hole 34-1 and forming the device frame 31 upright, but the present invention is not limited to this, and a synthetic resin plate can also be manufactured.

  As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the gravel layer 4 is filled in the yam cultivation container 2 except for the yam cultivation cylinder 37. The gravel layer 4 is composed of a mixture of gravel with a particle size of about 3 to 5 mm and pebbles with a particle size of about 20 to 40 mm, and the layer thickness depends on the depth of the yam cultivation container 2. And about 25 to 40 cm. Moreover, in order to handle the yam cultivation container 2 so that it can be pulled out, it is desirable to reduce the weight. For this reason, it is preferable to use the pumice stone having the above-described particle size structure for the gravel layer 4. Moreover, when a mixture of pumice and glass wool or rock wool is used instead of pumice, it contributes in terms of weight reduction, water retention, and water permeability. Then, the circulating nutrient water sprinkled and irrigated on the top of the yam cultivation container 2 flows down the gravel layer 4 at a predetermined flow velocity, passes through the entire length of the slit 37-1 of the yam cultivation cylinder 37, and in the yam cultivation cylinder 37 Nutrients and dissolved oxygen contained in the nutrient water are given to the rhizome 10-1 of the yam 10 at the bottom, and then the gravel layer 4 flows down and flows out from the drain hole 34-1 of the bottom plate 34. Therefore, the gravel layer 4 must pass the circulating nutrient water flowing in from the upper part of the yam cultivation container 2 without passing through the gravel layer 4 and the circulation flowing down from the gravel layer 4. It is necessary to water the nourishment water in the next stage mountain cultivation container 2 in a predetermined watering shape, and the particle size of the material of the gravel layer 4 is set from this viewpoint. Further, gravel, pebbles, vermiculite, pumice, gravel, glass wool, rock wool or diatomaceous earth can be used for the gravel layer 4. These materials for the gravel layer 4 are selected in consideration of conditions such as water retention, water irrigation and water supply. The particle size used for this material is usually in the range of about 2-40 mm.

  1, 2 and 3 show a yam cultivation apparatus 1 in which two groups of 18 sets of yam cultivation containers in 3 rows and 6 rows are arranged back to back. Thus, it is also possible to collect and arrange the two groups of yam cultivation containers configured in multi-stages and rows as a module. FIG. 4 shows a machine frame 3 in which a yam cultivation container 2 can be arranged so as to be able to be pulled out in order to constitute a module. The machine frame 3 has pillars 3-1 at the four corners, and a frame composed of a horizontal beam 3-2 and a container receiving bar 3-3 in the vertical and horizontal directions between the pillars 3-1 is configured in three steps in the height direction. is doing. The yam cultivation container 2 is placed so as to be slidable on the two rows of container receiving bars 3-3, and the yam cultivation container 2 can be easily pulled out or replaced. In addition, a stopper 3-4 is provided behind the container receiving bar 3-3 so that the yam cultivation container 2 does not go too far. In addition, two rows of drainage troughs 3-5 that receive drainage from the bottommost yam cultivation container 2 are arranged in the lower part of the machine casing 3. The machine frame 3 is preferably made of metal in terms of strength, and is preferably made of a steel angle material. Moreover, in the yam cultivation apparatus 1 which concerns on this invention, the step number and row number of the yam cultivation container 2 are not restrained by the illustration of FIG.1, 4, and can be set arbitrarily. Moreover, in the yam cultivation apparatus 1 of the yam cultivation container 2 group formed in the multistage multi-row, both the number of steps and the number of the yam cultivation containers 2 can be easily increased or decreased.

  Thus, as the number of stages and the number of rows increase, the total number of yam cultivation containers 2 per installation area can be increased, so that the production scale can be easily increased. In addition, the mountain cultivating apparatus 1 as described above can be installed as a module or an assembly of modules, so that it can be installed indoors and there is no need to particularly limit the installation location. In this respect, it can be said that it is a space-saving type yam cultivation device. In addition, if it is installed indoors, the irradiation conditions of sunlight or artificial light (for example, LED light, fluorescent lamp, etc.) can be adjusted appropriately, and the atmospheric temperature and water temperature can be adjusted stably. Easy to improve. In addition, it is easy to grasp the growth status of the yam cultivated in the yam cultivation container and visually manage the supply state of the nutrient water, and the workability such as the cultivation and maintenance of yam cultivation can be improved.

  The circulating nutrient water supply device 11 includes an adjustment tank 12-1 that adjusts the properties of the nutrient water to a predetermined value and a return tank 12-2 that accepts the circulating return water from the yam cultivation container 2 via the circulating nutrient return pipe 15. And the circulating nutrient water tank 12, the pump 13, and the circulating nutrient water supply pipe 14. In the adjustment tank 12-1, the circulating nutrient water after sedimentation and removal in the return water tank 12-2 overflows the fine sand and sand contained in the circulation return water so as not to block the passage of the gravel portion 4 and prevent the liquid from passing through. In addition, a heat exchanger 17 for adjusting the nutrient water to a predetermined temperature, an oxygen macro bubble generator 18 for generating oxygen macro bubbles and oxygen micro bubbles, and nutrient and water supply for circulating nutrient water For this purpose, a nutrient and water supply pipe 20 is provided. In addition, a pump 13 for supplying circulating nutrient water to the mountain cultivation container 2 via the circulating nutrient water supply pipe 14 and the water spray hole 14-1 is connected to the adjustment tank 12-1. In addition, manual flow rate adjustment valves 16 and 16-1 are provided to adjust the circulating water supply amount for each yam cultivation container 2.

  In addition, the adjustment tank 12-1 is provided with a measurement sensor 19, that is, a water temperature meter, a dissolved oxygen meter, a PH meter, and the like for controlling the properties of the circulating nutrient water to be supplied to a predetermined value. A method for controlling the set value based on each measured value from the measurement sensor 19 is a conventional method. The characteristics of the circulating water supply and its numerical values indicate that the water temperature is 12 to 15 degrees, the dissolved oxygen amount is 10 ppm or more, and the pH is around 8.

  A method for growing and cultivating a yam 10 using the yam cultivation apparatus 1 according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, and 3. In the yam cultivation container 2, three yam cultivation tubes 37 are arranged in a staggered manner. In order to facilitate handling by using a mixture of gravel with a particle size of about 3 to 5 mm and pebbles with a particle size of about 20 to 40 mm or reducing the weight, The gravel layer 4 is constructed using the pumice of the composition. In this yam cultivation cylinder 37, the yam cultivation cylinder 37 is constructed by inserting a planting device (not shown) made of stretchable reinforced rubber or the like into which the yam seedling 10 has been implanted in advance. A plurality of the yam cultivation containers 2 in which the yam seedlings 10 are planted in this way are installed on the container receiving bar 3-3 of the machine frame 3 to construct the yam cultivation apparatus 1. The module of the yam cultivation container 2 is completed by constructing the yam cultivation container 2 made in this way in three rows and six rows in two rows back to back. In this way, when the construction of the module of the yam cultivation container 2 is completed, the circulating nutrient water having a predetermined property is fed from the circulating nutrient water supply device 11 through the circulating nutrient water supply pipe 14, and the flow rate from the upper part of each uppermost mountain cultivation container 2. Circulating nutrient water whose amount of nutrient water is adjusted by the control valves 16 and 16-1 is averagely supplied via the sprinkling holes 14-1 to grow the yam 10. The amount of light received by the leaves of the yam 10 is adjusted when the yam cultivation apparatus 1 is installed indoors, or the amount of external light taken in, or the lighting amount of artificial light (for example, LED light, fluorescent light). Can be adjusted by. In addition, the cultivated yam 10 takes in the yam 10 by removing the yam cultivation tube 37 from the yam cultivation container 2, and then plantes and reinserts the seedlings of the yam 10, or plants the seedlings of the spare yam 10 The yam cultivation cylinder 37 can be inserted and the yam cultivation can be repeated. Further, this operation can be performed by pulling out the yam cultivation container 2 and inserting it again onto the container receiving bar 3-3. In this way, by using the main yam cultivation apparatus 1, it is possible to cultivate the rhizome 10-1 having a length of about 10 cm from the seedling of the yam 10 in 5 to 8 months.

  It can be applied to indoor cultivation of aquatic vegetables or aquatic plants represented by yam. It can also be applied as part of extracurricular education as a tourist farm.

It is the typical whole perspective view of the yam cultivation apparatus which concerns on the best form for implementing this invention, and the systematic diagram of a circulating water supply apparatus. It is sectional drawing of the AA arrow in FIG. It is a perspective view of the BB arrow in FIG. It is a whole perspective view of the machine frame of the yam cultivation apparatus in FIG. It is a yam cultivation container used for a yam cultivation apparatus, (a) is a front view, (b) is a bottom view, (c) is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA, and (d) is a perspective view of a yam cultivation tube. It is.

Explanation of symbols

1: Yamagata cultivation device 2: Yamagata cultivation container 3: Machine frame 3-1: Pillar 3-2: Cross beam 3-3: Container receiving bar 3-4: Stopper 3-5: Drainage tank 4: Sand gravel part
10: Yam 10-1: Rhizome
11: Circulating nutrient supply apparatus 12: Circulating nutrient tank 12-1: Adjustment tank 12-2: Return water tank 13: Pump 14: Circulating nutrient supply pipe 14-1: Sprinkling hole 15: Circulating nutrient return pipe 16: Flow rate tuning valve
16-1: Flow control valve 17: Heat exchanger 18: Oxygen macro bubble generator 19: Measurement sensor 20: Nutrient and water supply pipe 31: Frame 32: Front side plate 32-1: Insertion hole
34: Bottom plate 34-1: Drainage hole 35: Side plate
36: back side plate 37: cultivation cylinder 37-1: slit 37-2: buttock
α: Inclination angle

Claims (8)

  A plurality of yam cultivation containers each capable of being drawn out are arranged in a plurality of stages above and below, and circulating water is fed from the top of the uppermost yam cultivation container to sequentially pass through the plural stages of yam cultivation containers A method for cultivating potatoes, characterized in that the circulating nutrient water is supplied to and passed through the potato seedlings planted in each cultivated cultivated container after flowing out from the lowest part of the lowest cultivated cultivated container.   The yam cultivation container is a box whose outer shape is formed in a substantially rectangular bowl shape, and a drain hole or a drain notch is formed on the entire bottom plate, and a gravel layer is formed on the bottom plate, and Yam seedlings are planted inside, and one or a plurality of yam cultivation cylinders having slits on the surface are detachably inserted in the gravel layer horizontally or obliquely downward, The method for cultivating potatoes according to claim 1, characterized in that the circulating nutrient water sprayed from the upper part of the container is uniformly drained from the bottom plate after passing through the pine seedlings in the potato cultivation cylinder.   The method for cultivating yam according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of the yam-growing tubes are arranged in a zigzag pattern or a grid pattern in a cross-sectional direction of the yam cultivation container and substantially parallel to each other.   The method for cultivating yam according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the circulating nutrient water is nutrient water containing oxygen microbubbles and oxygen nanobubbles.   It is a box having an outer shape formed into a substantially rectangular bowl shape, forming a drainage hole or drainage notch on the entire bottom plate, forming a gravel layer on the bottom plate, and storing yam seedlings inside, In addition, a plurality of yam cultivation containers provided with a single or plural yam cultivation tubes having a plurality of slits in the longitudinal direction extending from the upper part of the front side plate detachably horizontally or obliquely downward in the gravel layer. A plurality of upper and lower stages are arranged, and water is fed from the uppermost part of the uppermost yam cultivation container, and the lowermost part of the lowermost yam cultivation container is sequentially passed through the plural yam cultivation containers. A cultivating apparatus for cultivating yam, characterized in that it is provided with a circulating nutrient water supply device for allowing it to flow out from the basin, and is provided on a receiving frame of a machine frame so that each of the yam cultivation containers can be pulled out.   The mountain cultivating apparatus according to claim 5, wherein a plurality of the yam cultivation tubes are arranged in a zigzag shape or a grid shape in a cross-sectional direction of the yam cultivation container and substantially parallel to each other.   The cultivating apparatus for cultivating yam according to claim 5 or 6, characterized in that the yam cultivation container and the yam cultivation cylinder are made of a light-transmitting synthetic resin.   The device for cultivating potatoes according to claim 5, 6 or 7, wherein the plurality of ridge cultivation containers arranged in multiple rows on the left and right are installed in one or two rows in the depth direction.

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