JP2008509302A - Masonry building blocks - Google Patents

Abstract

The stone building block (1) comprises an outer wall (2), at least one abutment wall (3), at least one vertical cavity, and at least one first of the upper and / or lower surfaces of the abutment wall. The abutment wall has a vertical edge surface (7) engaged with the abutting block and a vertical land (8) disposed between the vertical edge surfaces; The land has a keyway (9) for receiving a key to lock an adjacent block in place, and a pair of vertical grooves (10) disposed between the vertical land and the edge surface. These arrangements and configurations provide an internal network comprised of horizontal and vertical grout passages when the blocks are stacked so that the grooves and the at least one cavity of the blocks are stacked. So that the grout passages are filled with a curing agent to seal the joint between the blocks and to support the block layers to withstand loads. It has become.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to a building member such as a building block, and more particularly, to a building including a stone building block and a wall constituted by the stone building block.

  Many different forms have been proposed for masonry building blocks used in building structures. These are generally manufactured with a peripheral wall through which an opening is passed. These blocks are generally stacked alternately when incorporated into a wall. That is, alternating block rows are stacked with a shift of half a block from adjacent block rows, and mortar joints are usually applied.

  Such a block has the advantage of being lighter and cheaper than bricks. In addition, in an alternating stacked block structure, a level foundation is required to support the blocks and ensure accurate alignment between the blocks.

  Furthermore, the blocks need to be manufactured within tight tolerances, otherwise it will be difficult to stack the blocks in a staggered manner.

  Building blocks are typically manufactured by machines that stuff a mixture of wet concrete into the mold while the mold and / or the table under the mold are vibrating. As can be readily appreciated, such techniques result in wear and tear in the mold and the product made from the new mold is not necessarily the same size as the next manufactured product. This problem creates difficulties when stacking blocks in multiple stages.

  Australian Patent No. AU-A-24868 / 95 describes a method of manufacturing a wall from a masonry building block with an end hole opening outside the block. The method includes placing the block in substantial abutment between ends such that the holes are adjacent and opposite, and extending through the holes to hold the blocks in the required position relative to each other. And connecting the blocks using a plug or nail having a portion that can be accommodated in the hole, and further stacking the blocks in position.

  Blocks manufactured in accordance with Australian Patent No. 735489 are useful building components. However, the manufactured blocks are often difficult to fill with grout because the edges are prone to scraping and may be difficult to manufacture by filling the mold as usual.

  While the above blocks have proven satisfactory, we believe that there are several improvements that can be effective in the block design that help to use the blocks in the manufacturing process and wall formation.

  According to a first aspect of the present invention, at least one abutment wall, at least one abutment wall, at least one vertical cavity, at least the upper surface of the abutment wall and / or the lower surface of the abutment wall are provided. A masonry building block with a first channel is provided, the abutment wall having a vertical edge that engages the abutting block and a vertical disposed between the vertical edges. The land has a key groove for receiving the key to lock the adjacent block in place, and a pair of lands disposed between the vertical land and the edge surface. It has a vertical groove. These arrangements and configurations align the block grooves and the at least one cavity to provide an internal network composed of horizontal and vertical grout passages when the blocks are stacked. It has become. The grout passages can be filled with a hardener to seal the joint between the blocks and to support the block layers to withstand loads.

  Stone building blocks can have various structural forms. In one form, the masonry building block has abutting walls at both ends of the block so that the block can be used to form a straight wall. In other forms, the abutment wall may be formed on the adjacent side of the block so that the block can be used to form corners. In yet another form of block, a single abutment wall is used so that the block can be used to form terminations on the wall.

  The masonry building block according to the present invention may comprise one or more vertical webs so as to form a plurality of cavities within each block. Preferably, the vertical web has dimensions corresponding to the dimensions of the abutment wall so as to maintain the continuity of the grout passage.

  The stone building block is preferably made of concrete and manufactured using a mold. Molding walls, webs, and other sections with a cross-section of 25 mm or more reduces the likelihood of molding forming cavities in the block, resulting in a less structurally complete block. Will be more reliable. Preferably, the thickness of the wall, web, etc. is about 30 mm.

  The outer wall is preferably supported by another block layer and formed so as to support the other block layer. The outer wall includes an upper step surface and a lower step surface, so that a block can be placed and adjacent block layers can be positioned.

  When the block has the first groove, the outer wall is preferably reinforced at a portion extending with the abutting wall and the web facing downward. As a suitable reinforcement, a thickened portion tapering from the abutting wall and the web may be formed.

  The at least one first groove (indentation) is substantially at the top of the abutting wall and the web, and may be substantially U-shaped. Alternatively, the at least one first groove may be substantially at the bottom of the abutment wall and web and may be substantially inverted U-shaped. In a preferred form, the first groove is formed at the top and bottom of the abutting wall of the adjacent block layer, the U-shaped groove is formed at the abutting wall and the top of the web, and the abutting wall and the bottom of the web. Then, an inverted U-shaped groove can be formed.

  In the reverse groove at the abutment wall and the bottom of the web, the groove is preferably divided by a central ridge (protrusion).

  The abutting wall has a vertical surface for engaging adjacent blocks. Preferably, the vertical surface has the same thickness as the outer wall and can be formed at the end of the outer wall. The abutment wall has a vertical land disposed between the vertical surfaces. This land is preferably located at the center between the vertical planes. In a preferred configuration, the land is recessed with respect to the vertical plane so that the grout path extends between adjacent lands which are in contact.

  The land has a keyway for storing a connection key. Each key has an elongate central flange and webs located on both edges of the flange, each web having a plurality of ribs that extend from both sides of the flange and from the outermost ribs. The depth gradually decreases as it starts. The surface of the key flange is uneven. The irregularities on the flange surface of each key may be provided at least in part by a network composed of spreading knobs. Further, the unevenness of the flange surface of each key may be provided at least partly by a network composed of the recesses.

  According to a further aspect of the present invention, there is provided a wall structure comprising a multi-stage block for masonry construction in which the ends are abutted and the key is fixed in the keyway of the block. .

  Such wall structures are composed of vertical and / or horizontal steel reinforcement members in which cavities and grooves in the block are aligned.

  The horizontally disposed passages and vertically disposed cavities in such a structure are filled with grout material.

  The present invention will now be described with reference to the attached figures. This description is provided for the purpose of illustration and is not intended to limit the scope of the disclosure herein.

    The invention or embodiments thereof will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  A stone building block 1 shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 is formed with a pair of opposing side walls 2. These opposing side walls 2 are arranged at intervals by an abutment wall 3 and a web 4. The upper part of the contact wall 3 and the web 4 has an arcuate shape that extends along the longitudinal direction of the block and forms a horizontal groove (dent) that can form a grout passage (flow path). . The lower part of the abutment wall 3 and the web 4 is similarly arcuate so as to form the upper part of the grout passage. The protrusions 6 extend downward from the corresponding abutting walls 3 and webs 4 respectively.

  FIG. 2 shows the configuration of the contact wall 3 in which the vertical land 7 extends from the end wall 2. The lands 8 are provided between the vertical surfaces 7 in the vertical direction, and a key (not shown) can be inserted so as to hold an adjacent brick in a locked state before filling with the grout material. A keyway 9 is provided. The lands 8 are recessed with respect to the vertical surface 7 so that a grout passage is formed between lands on adjacent blocks.

  The vertical groove (dent) 10 is formed between the land 8 and the vertical surface 7. FIG. 4 shows a reinforcement 11 that reinforces the sidewall 2 and minimizes breakage or damage during use. A similar reinforcing portion 12 is provided on the upper portion of the block 1 and reinforces the upper edge portion of the side wall 1.

  The upper part of the side wall 1 is provided with an upper stage 13 and a lower stage 14 in order to engage with a foot 15 at the base of the side wall 2 of the upper block.

  It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and variations may be made to the invention described above without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as described herein.

It is a perspective view which shows the block for masonry construction concerning one Embodiment of this invention. It is a top view which shows the block for stone construction shown by FIG. It is an end view which shows the block for masonry construction shown by FIG. It is a bottom view which shows the block for stone construction shown by FIG. It is a side view which shows the block for stone construction shown by FIG.

Claims (15)

The outer wall,
At least one abutment wall;
At least one vertical cavity;
Comprising at least one first groove formed on an upper surface and / or a lower surface of the abutting wall,
The abutting wall has a vertical edge surface engaged with the abutting block and a vertical land disposed between the vertical edge surfaces;
The land has a keyway for receiving a key to lock an adjacent block in place, and a pair of vertical grooves disposed between the vertical land and the edge surface;
These arrangements and configurations are such that when the blocks are stacked, the grooves and the at least one cavity of the blocks are aligned to provide an internal network comprised of horizontal and vertical grout passages. And
A stone building block, wherein the grout passage is filled with a hardener to seal the joint between the blocks and to support the block layers to withstand loads.   The stone building block according to claim 1, wherein the stone building block includes the abutting walls at both ends of the block so that the block can be used to form a straight wall.   The stone building block according to claim 1, wherein the stone building block includes the abutting wall on an adjacent side surface of the block so that the block can be used to form a corner.   The masonry building block according to claim 1, wherein the masonry building block comprises a single abutment wall so that the block can be used to form a terminal portion on the wall.   The stone building block according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the stone building block includes one or more vertical webs such that a plurality of cavities are formed in each block. block.   The masonry building block according to claim 5, wherein the vertical web has a dimension corresponding to a dimension of the abutment wall so as to maintain continuity of the grout passage.   The stone building block according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the stone building block is made of concrete and manufactured using a mold.   8. A masonry building block according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the cross section of the wall, the web and other parts is at least 25 mm.   The masonry building block of claim 8, wherein the wall, the web and other portions have a thickness of about 30 mm.   The outer wall has an upper step surface and a lower step surface so that the block can be placed and an adjacent block layer can be positioned. Masonry building blocks as described.   11. The stone building block according to claim 1, wherein the outer wall is reinforced at a portion extending preferably with the abutting wall and the web facing downward.   The masonry building block of claim 11, wherein the reinforcement is configured to gradually decrease from the abutment wall and the web. A wall structure comprising a plurality of steps of the stone building block according to any one of claims 1 to 12,
The block has a wall structure in which an end portion is in contact with an end portion and a key is fixed to a key groove of the block.   14. The wall structure of claim 13, wherein the wall structure comprises vertical and / or horizontal steel reinforcement members arranged so that cavities and grooves in the block are aligned.   The wall structure according to claim 13 or 14, wherein the horizontally disposed passages and the vertically disposed cavities in the structure are filled with grout material.

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