JP2011127782A - Air conditioning control device, air conditioning control method, and device for measuring radiation temperature - Google Patents

Abstract

A thermal sensation index output device capable of outputting a predicted thermal sensation index of a occupant in a room subject to air-conditioning control based on a radiation temperature value of the entire room to be controlled without using an expensive device, and Provide a thermal index output method.
An image acquisition unit that acquires image information captured by a camera device that captures a room X subject to air conditioning control, and analyzes the acquired image information to estimate appearance information of each object in the room X. Then, based on the estimated appearance information of each object, the attribute estimation unit 12 that estimates the attribute information related to the radiant heat of each object, and the estimated radiation temperature value of the room X based on the attribute information related to the estimated radiant heat of each object And a radiation temperature output unit 22 for outputting and a PMV calculation unit 30 for calculating and outputting the PMV of the person in the room X based on the outputted radiation temperature value.
[Selection] Figure 1

Description

  The present invention relates to an air conditioning control device, an air conditioning control method, and a radiation temperature measurement device that provide a thermal sensation index value for a occupant in an indoor space of a building.

  In the indoor space of a building, it is required to secure an appropriate indoor environment with as little energy consumption as possible by air conditioning control. In securing an appropriate indoor thermal environment, it is important to consider the thermal sensation of heat and cold that humans feel.

  This thermal sensation is that the human body is thermal when the heat balance of the person's calorific value (radiation from convection, radiation from radiation, heat from evaporation, total heat from breathing and heat storage) is maintained. It is in a neutral state, and it can be said that it is a comfortable state that is neither hot nor cold. Conversely, when the thermal balance is lost, the human body feels hot and cold.

  There is a method of optimizing the air conditioning control using PMV (Predicted Mean Vote) as a human thermal sensation index based on this thermal equilibrium. The PMV calculation has six variables that affect the thermal sensation: an air temperature value, a relative humidity value, an average radiation temperature value, an airflow velocity value, an activity state (internal calorific value) value, and a clothing state value. Used.

  Among these six input variables, those that can be measured with high accuracy are an air temperature value, a relative humidity value, and an airflow velocity value. Since it is difficult to directly measure the activity state value and the clothing amount value, a set value is usually used, but it can be predicted to some extent depending on the use of the room and the season.

  On the other hand, the average radiant temperature value is either (1) a fixed set value, (2) a value calculated from prior data such as weather forecasts, such as the height of the sun or the structure of windows and buildings, or (3 ) The value of a radiation thermometer installed at one place on the wall is used, but in reality it is difficult to measure in real time because it fluctuates greatly from moment to moment due to the influence of incident light. It is. In addition, it is difficult to optimize the entire room to be controlled with only one value where the radiation thermometer is installed. Therefore, it is desired to measure the radiation temperature value accurately and in real time.

  Therefore, the air conditioner control device described in Patent Document 1 describes a technique for estimating a radiation temperature value using a thermal image detected by an infrared sensor. By using the thermal image detected by this infrared sensor, it becomes possible to measure the radiation temperature of the entire room to be controlled.

Japanese Patent No. 2978374

  However, there is a problem that the infrared sensor that measures a thermal image as used in Patent Document 1 is expensive and cannot be easily used.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and without using an expensive device, based on the radiation temperature value of the entire room to be controlled, the predicted thermal sensation index of the occupants in the room to be air-conditioned is controlled. An object of the present invention is to provide an air conditioning control device, an air conditioning control method, and a radiation temperature measuring device that output.

  In order to achieve the above object, an air conditioning control device according to the present invention includes an image acquisition unit that acquires image information captured by a camera device that captures a room to be air-conditioned, and the image information acquired by the image acquisition unit. Analyzing and estimating attribute information relating to the radiant heat of each object in the room, and estimating the radiation temperature value in the room based on the attribute information relating to the radiant heat of each object estimated by the attribute estimating means And a thermal sensation index calculating unit that calculates and outputs a thermal sensation index of the occupants in the room based on the radiation temperature value estimated by the radiant temperature estimation unit. And

  Further, the air conditioning control method of the present invention includes an image acquisition step of acquiring image information captured by a camera device that captures a room for air conditioning control, and analyzing the image information acquired in the image acquisition step, Attribute estimation step for estimating attribute information related to radiant heat of each object in the room, and radiation temperature estimation step for estimating a radiant temperature value in the room based on attribute information related to the radiant heat of each object estimated in the attribute estimation step And a thermal sensation index calculating step of calculating and outputting a thermal sensation index of the occupants in the room based on the radiation temperature value estimated in the radiation temperature estimation step.

  Furthermore, the radiation temperature measuring device according to the present invention is located in the room by analyzing image information acquired by the image acquiring unit that acquires image information captured by a camera device that images the room, and the image acquiring unit. Attribute estimation means for estimating attribute information related to the radiant heat of each object, and radiation temperature estimation means for estimating a radiant temperature value in the room based on attribute information related to the radiant heat of each object estimated by the attribute estimation means It is characterized by that.

  According to the air conditioning control device, the air conditioning control method, and the radiation temperature measuring device of the present invention, the occupants of the occupants in the air conditioning control target room based on the radiation temperature value of the entire control target room without using an expensive device. The predicted thermal sensation index can be output.

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the air-conditioning control apparatus by one Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows the imaging | photography area each image | photographed with the some camera apparatus connected to the air-conditioning control apparatus by one Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of the air-conditioning control apparatus by one Embodiment of this invention. It is a flowchart which shows operation | movement of the attribute estimation part of the air-conditioning control apparatus by one Embodiment of this invention. It is a table | surface which shows an example of the radiation rate information stored beforehand by the attribute estimation part of the air-conditioning control apparatus by one Embodiment of invention.

<Configuration of Air Conditioning Control Device According to One Embodiment>
The structure of the air-conditioning control apparatus 1 by one Embodiment of this invention is demonstrated with reference to FIG.

  The air conditioning control device 1 is connected to a camera device group 2 including a plurality (n) of camera devices 2-1 to 2-n that captures a room X that is subject to air conditioning control, and includes an image information processing unit 10 and a radiation temperature process. Unit 20, a PMV calculation unit 30 as a thermal sensation index calculation unit, and a control value calculation unit 40. In the room X subject to air conditioning control, objects such as PCs, documents, printers, air conditioning-related equipment such as air conditioners, stoves, and fans are installed, and the camera devices 2-1 to 2-n are shown in FIG. Thus, it is assumed that these objects are photographed by any one of the camera devices by being installed so as to photograph different photographing areas in the room X.

  The image information processing unit 10 includes an image acquisition unit 11 and an attribute estimation unit 12.

  The image acquisition unit 11 acquires image information captured by the camera devices 2-1 to 2-n.

  The attribute estimation unit 12 analyzes each piece of image information acquired by the image acquisition unit 11 and estimates attribute information related to radiant heat of the imaging target (ceiling, wall, floor, installed object, person, etc.). Attribute information related to radiant heat includes information such as the color and material of an object, the object's emissivity (ease of radiation), thermal conductivity (ease of heat transfer), the degree of heat generation, and the wavelength of light hitting the object. is there.

  The radiation temperature processing unit 20 includes a radiation temperature output unit 21.

  The radiation temperature output unit 21 predicts the radiation temperature value of the room X based on the attribute information of each object estimated by the attribute estimation unit 12, and outputs the predicted radiation temperature value.

  The PMV calculation unit 30 includes the predicted radiation temperature value output from the radiation temperature output unit 21, the input indoor air temperature value, the relative humidity value, the airflow velocity value, the activity state value, and the clothing state value. From this, a predicted PMV, which is one of the predicted thermal sensation indicators of the occupants, is calculated.

  The control value calculation unit 40 calculates the control value of the air conditioning equipment based on the predicted PMV calculated by the PMV calculation unit 30 and the set PMV value (for example, the comfort range −0.5 to +0.5), and this control Control air conditioning equipment based on the value.

<Operation of Air Conditioning Control Device According to One Embodiment>
Next, operation | movement of the air-conditioning control apparatus 1 by this embodiment is demonstrated with reference to the flowchart of FIG.

  First, a shooting area in the room is shot by n camera devices 2-1 to 2-n installed in a room subject to air-conditioning control, and the image information acquired by the image acquisition unit 11 of the air-conditioning control device 1 is acquired. (S1).

  Here, the image information may be any image information such as visible camera image information, near-infrared camera image information, and infrared camera image information, and image information captured by a plurality of camera devices 2-1 to 2-n. Different types of image information may be used. As the format of the image information, NTSC, MPEG2, MPEG4, MotionJPEG, Bitmap, GPEG, RAW, or the like is used. The transmission means from the camera device group 2 to the air conditioning control device 1 may be wireless or wired.

  Next, the attribute estimation unit 12 estimates the attribute of the object from each piece of image information acquired by the image acquisition unit 11 based on appearance information (color, brightness, texture, etc.) of the photographing target (S2). .

  The object attribute is estimated based on, for example, the flowchart of FIG.

  In the attribute estimation unit 12, attribute information is obtained from each piece of image information acquired by the image acquisition unit 11 based on color, brightness, texture, and the like, which are information related to the appearance of the object, ceiling, wall, and floor to be photographed. The color and material which are are estimated (S2-1).

  Texture analysis is effective when estimating the material of an object from image information. Since features corresponding to the material appear on the surface of the object, the surface portion of the object can be obtained by extracting spatial frequency components or analyzing using a luminance histogram. In the case of metal, these materials are estimated by the degree of gloss and reflection of light, and in the case of wood, by detecting the grain pattern.

  And when the color, material, etc. of each object are estimated, based on these estimated information, a radiation rate and thermal conductivity are estimated as attribute information closer to the radiant heat of each object (S2-2). . The emissivity and thermal conductivity differ depending on the color and material. For example, regarding the color, it is known that if it is black, it tends to absorb radiant heat, but if it is white, it tends to emit, and the material is not shown in the figure. As shown in Table 5, emissivity information and heat conductivity information for each material are set in advance. Therefore, the emissivity and the thermal conductivity of each object are estimated based on the emissivity information, the thermal conductivity information, and the known radiant heat information for each color shown in FIG.

  Further, the attribute estimation unit 12 determines the type of the object (office equipment, air conditioner, person, etc.) from the respective image information acquired by the image acquisition unit 11 (S2-3).

  This object type determination is performed by referring to an object identification model stored in advance. This object identification model uses the one created by a statistical learning method by acquiring image feature values for each object from image information such as CoHoG (Co-occurrence Histograms of Oriented Gradients). can do. In this case, although the accuracy of determining the type of the object varies depending on the image feature amount, various objects can be identified by combining a plurality of identification models generated with different image feature amounts.

  In addition, as another method of determining the type of object, if the occupant is sitting in a similar posture for a long time, it is predicted that there is a PC in front of the occupant (such as staying information) It is also possible to determine the types of surrounding objects from the time, movement route, posture, and behavior.

  Next, the degree of heat generation for each object is estimated as attribute information related to the radiant heat of each object, based on the determined object type (S2-4). The degree of the heat generation amount is estimated based on the information on the degree of heat generation preset for each object. In the information on the degree of heat generation for each object, when the object type is a device such as a PC or a printer, a person, a heater, etc., the degree of heat generation is set high as an object that releases heat (heat generation). When there is an air outlet or water, the degree of heat generation is set low as an object that absorbs heat.

  Also, the degree of heat generation for each type of object can be estimated based on information accumulated by the prior learning function, or the layout information of the room to be processed (windows, shelves, space along the walls) The information may be estimated in consideration of information such as that a desk or the like is often placed in the central portion of the screen.

  In addition, the attribute estimation unit 12 identifies locations where the object is exposed to light from each piece of image information acquired by the image acquisition unit 11, and estimates the color of light at those locations (S2-5). .

  At this time, the image information of each shooting area when the outside light or illumination is not applied in advance is acquired in advance, and this image information is compared with the image information to be processed, so that the outside light or illumination is The hit location is identified, and the color of the light hitting the identified location is estimated.

  Then, from the estimated color of light, the wavelength of the light incident on the object and the light emitted from the object is estimated as attribute information related to the radiant heat of each object (S2-6). Thermal energy is estimated by estimating the wavelength of light.

  In this example, the emissivity and thermal conductivity are estimated as attribute information related to radiant heat from the color and material that is the analysis result of image information, and the amount of heat generated is attribute information related to radiant heat from the type of object that is the analysis result of image information. The wavelength of light is estimated as attribute information related to radiant heat from the color of light that is the analysis result of image information, but attribute information related to other radiant heat is estimated from the analysis result of each image information. good.

  In the radiation temperature output unit 21, the radiation rate and thermal conductivity of each object estimated in step S2-2 as attribute information relating to the radiant heat of each object, and the heat generation for each type of object estimated in step S2-4. The surface temperature of each object is predicted from the degree and the light wavelength of each object estimated in step S2-6, and the radiation temperature value is estimated and output as the predicted radiation temperature value from the surface temperature of each object. (S3).

  In the PMV calculation unit 30, the predicted radiation temperature value output from the radiation temperature output unit 21, the indoor air temperature value input based on the sensor measurement value, the relative humidity value, the air flow velocity value, The predicted PMV of the occupant is calculated from the activity state value and the clothing state value (S4).

  Further, the control value calculation unit 40 calculates the control value of the air conditioning equipment based on the predicted PMV calculated in step S7 and the preset PMV, and the air conditioning equipment is controlled based on the control value.

  According to the above embodiment, an expensive apparatus can be obtained by estimating the radiation temperature by estimating the attribute information of the object in the room from the image information captured by the camera apparatus installed in the room subject to air conditioning control. Without being used, it is possible to output the predicted thermal sensation index of the occupants in the room subject to air-conditioning control based on the radiation temperature value in the room subject to air-conditioning control, thereby realizing more detailed and comfortable air-conditioning control.

  Moreover, in the radiation temperature output part 22 of the air-conditioning control system 1 of this embodiment, it utilizes the positional information (distance and angle to a ceiling, a floor, a wall) where the camera apparatus 2-1 to 2-n was installed, and an image Calculate the actual area from the size of the object and the location where the light hits, calculate the average radiation temperature value considering this calculated area, and output this as the predicted radiation temperature value It may be.

  In the present embodiment, an air conditioner is included as an object in the room X, and the air conditioning controller 1 acquires information on the airflow direction of the air supply from the air conditioner at the radiation temperature output unit 22, and the convective heat that fluctuates according to this information. The surface temperature of the object in the room may be estimated in consideration of the influence. The air direction information of the air supply may be estimated by analyzing the image information of the air conditioner part.

  Further, by setting the air conditioning control device 1 of the present embodiment to be able to transmit to a building monitoring system or a portable terminal carried by a building supervisor, values such as the predicted radiation temperature and the predicted PMV calculated by the air conditioning control device 1 are set. It is also possible to support the air conditioning control operation by transmitting to these building monitoring systems and portable terminals and notifying the monitoring personnel. Moreover, the indoor image | video of the control object image | photographed with the camera apparatus group 2 can also be applied to a security use.

  When there are a plurality of air conditioners in the room, comfortable air conditioning control can be realized on an area basis by controlling the air conditioners using the predicted radiation temperature value of the air conditioning area of the air conditioner.

  Also, based on the image information obtained from the image acquisition unit 11 of the air conditioning control device 1 of the present embodiment, the presence or absence or distribution of the occupants is determined, and when it is determined that there are occupants, the surroundings of the occupants Comfort control may be performed so that the environment is comfortable, and when it is determined that there is no occupant, the area may be set so as not to be subject to comfort control. By setting in this way, it is possible to perform air conditioning control with high energy saving effect.

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Air-conditioning control apparatus 2 ... Camera apparatus group 2-1 to 2-n ... Camera apparatus 10 ... Image information processing part 11 ... Image acquisition part 12 ... Attribute estimation part 20 ... Radiation temperature processing part 21 ... Radiation temperature output part 22 ... Radiation temperature output unit 30 ... PMV calculation unit

Claims (10)

Image acquisition means for acquiring image information captured by a camera device that captures an air-conditioning controlled room;
Analyzing the image information acquired by the image acquisition means, attribute estimation means for estimating attribute information related to radiant heat of each object in the room,
Based on attribute information related to the radiant heat of each object estimated by the attribute estimating means, a radiation temperature estimating means for estimating a radiation temperature value in the room;
Based on the radiation temperature value estimated by the radiation temperature estimation means, the thermal sensation index calculation means for calculating and outputting the thermal sensation index of the occupants in the room;
An air-conditioning control device comprising: The image acquisition means acquires image information captured by a plurality of the camera devices that capture images of the air conditioning control target room,
The radiant temperature estimating means estimates the radiant temperature value in the room based on attribute information related to radiant heat of each object estimated by analysis of image information captured by the plurality of camera devices. Item 2. The air conditioning control device according to Item 1.   The attribute information estimated by the attribute estimation means relates to the color and material of the object, the radiation rate of the object, the thermal conductivity of the object, the wavelength of light hitting the object, the degree of heat generation of the object, or the radiation temperature of the surface temperature of the object. The air-conditioning control apparatus according to claim 1, comprising any of the information. The attribute estimation unit analyzes the image information acquired by the image acquisition unit, estimates the color and material of the object, and estimates the emissivity or thermal conductivity of the object. 3. The air conditioning control device according to any one of items 3. The attribute estimation unit analyzes the image information acquired by the image acquisition unit, and uses a previously stored object identification model, occupant movement information, or indoor layout information to determine the type of each object. Determine
The degree of heat generation for each type of each determined object is estimated using information on a degree of heat generation for each object set in advance or information accumulated by a prior learning function. Item 4. The air conditioning control device according to any one of Items 1 to 3. The radiation temperature estimation means calculates the area of each object on the image information using position information where the camera device is installed, and attribute information on the calculated area of each object and the radiant heat of each object The air conditioning control device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a radiation temperature value in the room is estimated based on the following. The object includes an air conditioner,
The radiant temperature estimation means acquires the wind direction information of the air supply of the air conditioner, and estimates the radiant temperature value based on convective heat that varies according to the wind direction information. The air conditioning control device according to item. Analyzing the image information acquired by the image acquisition means, occupant determination means for determining the presence or absence of occupants in the room,
8. The area according to claim 1, further comprising: a control area selection unit that is excluded from air conditioning control when the occupant determination unit determines that there is no occupant. Air conditioning control device. Air conditioning controller
An image acquisition step of acquiring image information captured by a camera device that captures an air-conditioning controlled room;
Analyzing the image information acquired in the image acquisition step, an attribute estimation step of estimating attribute information related to radiant heat of each object in the room,
Based on attribute information related to the radiant heat of each object estimated in the attribute estimation step, a radiation temperature estimation step for estimating a radiation temperature value in the room;
Based on the radiation temperature value estimated in the radiation temperature estimation step, a thermal sensation index calculating step for calculating and outputting the thermal sensation index of the occupants in the room;
The air-conditioning control method characterized by having. Image acquisition means for acquiring image information captured by a camera device that images the room;
Analyzing the image information acquired by the image acquisition means, attribute estimation means for estimating attribute information related to radiant heat of each object in the room,
Based on attribute information related to the radiant heat of each object estimated by the attribute estimating means, a radiation temperature estimating means for estimating a radiation temperature value in the room;
A radiation temperature measuring device comprising:

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