JP2012527706A - インフラ監視装置、システム、および方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
本発明の一実施形態は、インフラ監視システムに関する。該システムは、オペレーションセンタと、オペレーションセンタに通信可能に結合される複数の通信装置とを備える。複数の通信装置のうちの少なくとも1つの通信装置は、インフラの構成要素に結合されており、少なくとも2つの通信装置は、監視装置である。第1の監視装置は、インフラの第1の状況を監視し、第2の監視装置は、インフラの第2の状況を監視する。
好適な実施形態では、監視装置と出力装置とは、同じユニット内に含まれる。監視装置と出力装置とは好ましくは、電源と、送受信機と、プロセッサとのうちの少なくとも1つを共有する。
の1つである。インフラの構成要素が消火栓である好適な実施形態では、消火栓に結合可能な通信装置は中継器であり、消火栓の少なくとも一部は通信を妨害しない材料で構成することができる、および/または、消火栓に結合される通信装置は、ノズルキャップ、ポンパノズル、ホースノズル、消防車フックアップ、およびボンネットのうちの1つ内に配置されうる。
本発明のその他の実施形態および利点は、部分的に以下の説明に記載され、部分的には、この説明から自明となるであろう、あるいは本発明の実施を通じて分かるであろう。
。監視装置は、少なくとも1つのオペレーションセンタとのデータの送受信が可能であってもよい。通信は、遠隔監視装置から、中央監視施設、多数の地域監視センタのうちの1つ、ユーザ、および/または研究施設へ行うことができる。さらに、システムは好ましくは少なくとも1つの制御装置を含む。各制御装置は、システムの様々な状況を制御するように構成される。制御装置は監視装置の一部であってもよいし、別個のユニットであってもよい。通信は好ましくはインターネットを介して行われるが、民間ネットワーク、構内ネットワーク、または広域ネットワークを介して行ってもよい。好ましくは、通信は、遠隔監視装置および/または制御装置から地域監視施設または分散モニタへなどのように、無線要素を含む。また、好ましくは、通信は、通信システムが別の未知の人間によって監視できないように保護あるいは暗号化される。好ましくは、システムへのアクセスはユーザの名前とパスワードにより許可されるが、追加のおよび/または代替の暗号化方法を採用することもできる。
があるか否か判定する。また各監視装置110は、構造上、固定される(たとえば、バルブ、パイプ、電柱、消火栓、バルブボックス、バルブボックスカバー、メータ、メータボックス、メータボックスカバー、給水塔、水タンク、ポンパノズル、ホースノズル、またはマンホールカバーに固定する)、あるいは、可動にされる(たとえば、パイプ内の水またはガス流と共に、あるいは水またはガス流内で移動可能である)ことができる。
述)を始動させることができる。好適な実施形態では、オペレーションセンタは、所定期間、あるいは、いたずら事象の監視の開始をプロセッサ205に告げる別のメッセージがオペレーションセンタから受信されるまで、いたずらセンサからのメッセージを無視するようにプロセッサ205に命じる送信を送る。たとえば消防署が消火栓を使用する必要がある場合、オペレーションセンタは、いたずら事象を一時的に無視するようにプロセッサ205にメッセージを送る。いったん消防署が消火栓の使用を終了すると、オペレーションセンタは、プロセッサ205にメッセージを送ることによって、いたずら事象の監視を再開させる。
L=(D−(V×T))/2
上記の式によると、水中の標準的な音速は約1500m/sであり、鉄製パイプを通る標準的な音速は5100m/sである。この速度は実験的に測定可能である。たとえば、漏れが2つの検知器間のちょうど中間にある場合、音声は両検知器に同時に到達することになる。各検知器は、連続的に、または所定期間毎に監視することができる。漏れ検知器は、事象を検知したときにプロセッサ205にメッセージを送信することができる。その後、プロセッサ205は、事象を評価して、漏れが存在するかどうか、および漏れがどの程度重大であるかを判定する、あるいは評価のためにメッセージをオペレーションセンタに中継する。漏れ事象の検出時、プロセッサ205とオペレーションセンタとのうちの少なくとも一方は、漏れが注意を喚起するほど重大であると判定された場合に、漏れが存在するという警告を発することができる。
ッサ205は、事象を評価して、その温度が問題であるかどうか(パイプの凍結や火災など)を判定することができる、あるいは評価のためにオペレーションセンタにメッセージを中継することができる。望ましくない温度の検知時、プロセッサ205とオペレーションセンタとのうちの少なくとも一方は、望ましくない温度の状態が存在するという警告を発することができる。
適な実施形態では、水質モニタは連続的に水を検査するが、好適な実施形態では、水質モニタは水を所定間隔で(たとえば、1時間に1回、1日に1回、1週間に1回など)検査する。各水質モニタは、データをプロセッサ205に中継する。プロセッサ205はデータをデータベース230に記憶する、あるいはデータをオペレーションセンタに送信することができる。プロセッサ205またはオペレーションセンタのいずれかは水質モニタから受信したデータを監視して、汚染レベルの変化があるかどうか、あるいは汚染レベルが閾値レベルを超えたか否か判定することができる。危険な汚染レベルの検知時、プロセッサ205とオペレーションセンタとのうちの少なくとも一方は、水道システムが汚染されているという警告を発することができる。
る期間中に受け取る絶対線量を測定する。電離箱線量計はペンに似ており、服にクリップで留めることができる。フィルムバッジ線量計は、放射線が通過する際に被曝する写真フィルム片を収容している。電離箱線量計は、定期的に充電され、その結果を記録しなければならない。フィルムバッジ線量計は、被曝量が計数され記録されるように写真乳剤として現像されなければならない。いったん現像されれば廃棄される。別の種類の線量計は、TLD(熱発光線量計)である。これらの線量計は、総放射線被曝量に直接比例して、加熱時に可視光を放射する結晶を含む。電離箱線量計と同様、熱発光線量計は「読取り」後に再利用することができる。ガイガーカウンタとシンチレーションカウンタは、電離放射線の線量率を直接測定する。好ましくは放射線検知器は、固体装置である。放射線の検知時、放射線検知器はプロセッサ205に検知を中継することができる。プロセッサ205は、データベース230に検知を記憶する、あるいは検知に関するメッセージをオペレーションセンタに送信することができる。プロセッサ205またはオペレーションセンタは、検知を評価し、放射線検知器の目的に応じて動作することができる。
るか否か検知することができる。センサは、閾値を超える近接度を検知すると、プロセッサ205にメッセージを送信することができる。その後、プロセッサ205は、問題があるか否か判定するためにその近接度を評価することができる、あるいは評価のためにオペレーションセンタにメッセージを中継することができる。望ましくない近接度の検出時、プロセッサ205とオペレーションセンタとのうちの少なくとも一方は、望ましくない近接度が存在するという警告を発することができる。たとえば、バルブが不適切に閉鎖されている場合、近接度センサは、バルブが閉鎖されていないことを表示し、プロセッサ205は、バルブを閉鎖する適切な手段を講じるように自治体に警告することができる。
モニタ、および電力レベルモニタを含むがそれらに限定されない。
図3は、制御装置300の概略図である。制御装置300は、プロセッサ305を備える。プロセッサ305は、出力装置340を制御する少なくとも1つの出力ポート310に結合される。プロセッサ305は、信号を送受信する送受信機320にも結合される。プロセッサ305は、出力ポート310に通信可能に結合される。出力ポート310は、少なくとも1つの出力装置340に接続される。各出力装置340は同じ目的を有することができる、あるいは各出力装置340は異なる目的を有することができる、あるいはその組み合わせも可能である。出力装置340は、制御装置300内、または図示されるように制御装置300外に配置されうる。さらに出力装置340は、制御装置300に装着することができる、あるいは制御装置300から離すことができる。出力装置340は、有線または無線通信路を通じて出力ポート310に通信する。好適な実施形態では、出力装置340は双方向通信が可能である。好適な実施形態では、制御装置300は、監視装置の一体的な部分である。上記実施形態では、制御装置と監視装置は、同一のプロセッサおよび/または送受信機を共有することができる。
いは、装置にいたずらをしようとする人の能力を奪うことができる。好適な実施形態では、いたずら防止装置は、プロセッサ305によって制御され、その他の実施形態では、いたずら防止装置は、オペレーションセンタによって制御される。
本発明のシステムは、配水インフラを監視している。システムは、システム内の水圧を自動的に制御するために使用される。上記システムは、制御センタに使用情報をリアルタイムで中継する、インフラ全体で支払いの行われている多数の水道メータを含む。所定数の水道メータによって受信される情報に基づき、オペレーションセンタは、システムの使用量が低い(たとえば、夜間)と判定すると、システム内に圧力をかける送水を低減させる、あるいは送水を停止する。それによって、水のニーズを満たすだけのインフラ全体の十分な圧力を維持しつつ、送水によって使用される電力は、節減される。送水を低減または停止するという判断はまた、インフラ全体で支払いの行われている圧力センサから受信する情報に基づいてもよい。たとえばインフラ内の圧力が閾値を超えると、オペレーションセンタは、送水を低減させる、あるいは送水を停止させる。
との相互参照によって、あるいはGPS受信機から受信した情報に基づき判定される。消防署は、その位置情報を利用することによって、起こり得る火災の近傍に緊急対応者を派遣する。ガス会社は、その位置情報を利用することによって、起こり得る火災の近傍へのガス流を他へそらせる、あるいは遮断する。水道会社は、その位置情報を利用することによって、起こり得る火災の近傍に向けて水をそらせ、あるいは起こり得る火災の近傍の水圧を上昇させることによって、消火栓に装着される監視装置から受信した情報に基づき、起こり得る火災の近傍の消火栓が損傷を負った可能性があるか否か(たとえば、異常な角度に傾いている、水圧を一切またはほとんど受けていない、あるいはいたずらされている)を判定する。消火栓の位置は、監視装置のID番号と参照テーブルとの相互参照によって、あるいはGPS受信機から受信した情報に基づき判定される。水道会社は、どの消火栓を使用すべきか、消防署に自動的に警告する。さらに、水道会社は、消火栓に対応づけられるいたずら防止装置を動作不能にする。電力会社は、追加の圧力が水道システム内で必要とされるという信号を受信し、水道ポンプへの電気的負荷を増加させる。さらに、交通制御センタは、消防署から起こり得る火災の近傍までの途上の信号機を調節することによって、消防車の迅速かつ安全な到着を助ける。
Claims (29)
- インフラ監視システムであって、前記インフラ監視システムは、
オペレーションセンタと;
オペレーションセンタに通信可能に結合される複数の通信装置と
を備え
複数の前記通信装置のうちの少なくとも1つの通信装置は、インフラの構成要素に結合され、
少なくとも2つの通信装置は、監視装置であり、
第1の監視装置は、インフラの第1の状況を監視し、
第2の監視装置は、インフラの第2の状況を監視する、インフラ監視システム。 - 前記監視装置は、
インフラ内の少なくとも1つの状態を感知する少なくとも1つのセンサと;
少なくとも1つの前記センサによって感知されるデータを記憶するデータ記憶装置と;
データを送受信するように構成される送受信機と;
少なくとも1つの前記センサと、前記データ記憶装置と、前記送受信機とに通信可能に結合されるプロセッサと
を備える、
請求項1記載のシステム。 - 前記オペレーションセンタと複数の前記監視装置とは、互いに無線通信可能に結合される、
請求項1記載のシステム。 - 少なくとも1つの通信装置は、出力装置である、
請求項1記載のシステム。 - 前記出力装置は、
データを送受信するように構成される送受信機と;
少なくとも1つの出力ポートと;
前記送受信機と少なくとも1つの前記出力ポートとのうちの少なくとも1つに通信可能に結合されるプロセッサと
を備える、
請求項4記載のシステム。 - 前記オペレーションセンタと少なくとも1つの前記出力装置とは、互いに無線通信可能に結合される、
請求項4記載のシステム。 - 通信装置はそれぞれ、第2の通信装置宛ての送信を受信し、且つ前記第2の通信装置への送信を再送信するように構成される、
請求項4記載のシステム。 - 通信装置はそれぞれ、前記オペレーションセンタ宛ての送信を受信し、且つ前記オペレーションセンタへの送信を再送信するように構成される、
請求項4記載のシステム。 - 少なくとも1つの出力装置は、アクチュエータ制御装置と、警報機と、無線周波数識別装置と、いたずら防止装置とのうちの少なくとも1つに結合される、
請求項4記載のシステム。 - 監視装置と出力装置は、同じユニット内に含まれる、
請求項4記載のシステム。 - 前記監視装置と前記出力装置は、電源と、通信装置と、プロセッサとのうちの少なくとも1つを共有する、
請求項10記載のシステム。 - 前記インフラは、配水システムと、配電システムと、配ガスシステムと、交通制御システムと、緊急対応システムとのうちの少なくとも1つを備える、
請求項1記載のシステム。 - 少なくとも1つの監視装置は、ガスの使用と、水と、電気と、いたずらと、漏れと、GPS位置と、近接度と、傾斜と、煙と、温度と、さびと、腐食と、流量と、圧力と、水質と、大気質と、汚染と、インフラの状態と、pHと、放射線と、動作とのうちの少なくとも1つを監視する、
請求項1記載のシステム。 - 前記システムは、少なくとも1つの前記監視装置が事象を記録する際に、警告を発する、
請求項13記載のシステム。 - 少なくとも1つの監視装置は、視覚装置または音声装置に結合される、
請求項1記載のシステム。 - 前記オペレーションセンタは、複数のオペレーションセンタからなる、
請求項1記載のシステム。 - オペレーションセンタはそれぞれ、固有に配置される、
請求項16記載のシステム。 - 前記オペレーションセンタは、複数のインフラを同時に監視する、
請求項1記載のシステム。 - 複数の前記インフラは、水道システムと、電気システムと、ガスシステムと、緊急対応システムと、交通制御システムと、それらの組み合わせとから成る群より選択される、
請求項18記載のシステム。 - 前記インフラの構成要素は、消火栓と、煙検知器と、バルブと、バルブボックスと、バルブボックスカバーと、メータと、メータボックスと、メータボックスカバーと、給水塔と、水タンクと、ポンパノズルと、ホースノズルと、マンホールカバーとのうちの1つである、
請求項1記載のシステム。 - 前記インフラの構成要素は、消火栓であり、
前記消火栓に結合される前記通信装置は、中継器である、
請求項20記載のシステム。 - 前記インフラの構成要素は、消火栓であり、
前記消火栓の少なくとも一部は、通信を妨害しない材料から成る、
請求項20記載のシステム。 - 前記インフラの構成要素は、消火栓であり、
前記消火栓に結合される前記通信装置は、ノズルキャップと、ポンパノズルと、ホースノズルと、消防車フックアップと、ボンネットとのうちの1つ内に配置される、
請求項20記載のシステム。 - インフラ監視システムであって、前記インフラ監視システムは、
オペレーションセンタと;
前記オペレーションセンタに通信可能に結合される複数の通信装置と
を備え、
複数の前記通信装置のうちの少なくとも1つの通信装置は、消火栓に結合される、インフラ監視システム。 - 前記消火栓に結合される前記通信装置は、監視装置と、出力装置と、中継器とのうちの1つである、
請求項24記載のシステム。 - 前記消火栓の少なくとも一部は、通信を妨害しない材料から成る、
請求項24記載のシステム。 - 前記消火栓に結合される前記通信装置は、ノズルキャップと、ポンパノズルと、ホースノズルと、消防車フックアップと、ボンネットとのうちの1つ内に配置される、
請求項24記載のシステム。 - 消火栓であって、前記消火栓は、
ボンネットと;
前記ボンネットに結合される通信装置と
を備え、
前記通信装置は、インフラ監視システムの要素である、消火栓。 - 前記ボンネットは、前記消火栓内の水から防護される、
請求項28記載の消火栓。
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Also Published As
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|---|---|
| CA2772545A1 (en) | 2010-11-25 |
| EP3422320A1 (en) | 2019-01-02 |
| EP3422320B1 (en) | 2024-06-26 |
| US20100295672A1 (en) | 2010-11-25 |
| CA2772545C (en) | 2018-12-11 |
| MX2011012383A (es) | 2011-12-16 |
| AU2010249499B2 (en) | 2015-01-29 |
| US8823509B2 (en) | 2014-09-02 |
| US20140340238A1 (en) | 2014-11-20 |
| AU2010249499A1 (en) | 2011-12-08 |
| EP2433440B1 (en) | 2018-07-25 |
| EP2433440A1 (en) | 2012-03-28 |
| EP3422319A1 (en) | 2019-01-02 |
| WO2010135587A1 (en) | 2010-11-25 |
| EP2433440A4 (en) | 2012-12-26 |
| US9799204B2 (en) | 2017-10-24 |
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