JP2015056249A - Circuit breaker - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a circuit breaker that achieves blockage responsibility (blockage of short distance line failure (SLF) current, and blockage of terminal short circuit fault (BTF) current) required for high voltage circuit breaker, and that is short in blockage time.SOLUTION: A circuit breaker includes a pressure container, electrification path, fist contact mechanism part, and second contact mechanism part. The pressure container is cylindrical. The openings at both its ends are closed with first and second side walls. The inside of the pressure container is divided into a first pressure chamber and a second pressure chamber by an insulation spacer, and insulation gas is sealed in each pressure chamber. The electrification path is arranged so as to extend out through the first and second pressure chambers. In order to hold the air-tightness of the part of a vacuum container for introducing therein a shaft that opens/closes a first contact accommodated in the vacuum container arranged in the first pressure chamber, the first contact mechanism part is provided in the vacuum container with the shaft and a sealing member that freely slides. The vacuum container is arranged such that the part of the vacuum container for introducing the shaft therein is used as part of the first side wall of the pressure container.

Description

  The present invention relates to a multipoint switch having a plurality of contacts.

  A switch for high voltage having a duty to cut off an accident current is required to reliably cut off a small current to a large current. Especially for large currents, the following two shut-off duties must be satisfied.

  One interrupting duty is to interrupt a short-distance line failure (SLF) current with a low absolute value of the voltage (transient recovery voltage) generated between the contact poles immediately after arc extinction and a large instantaneous rise rate, The other is to cut off the terminal short-circuit fault (BTF) current having a large absolute value while the transient recovery voltage rises slowly.

  In recent years, a gas-spraying type (in which a single shut-off portion is housed in a pressure vessel filled with SF6 gas as an insulating gas, and the arc is extinguished by blowing this insulating gas between the contacts during the shut-off operation. Puffer type switches are widely used. In this system, it is necessary to achieve all the interruption duties with a single interruption part.

  In addition, a switch of a type that achieves all the interrupting duties by connecting the interrupting parts specialized for each interrupting duty has been developed. This separates the internal space of the pressure vessel and stores a puffer-type blocking part with excellent BTF blocking performance on one side and a puffer-type blocking section with excellent SLF blocking performance on the other side. Connected.

JP 2003-348721 A JP 2006-32121 A

  In a switch that is connected to a shut-off unit specialized for each shut-off duty in Patent Document 1, the shut-off operation and closing operation of all the contacts are performed by one actuator (operating unit). A heavy load is applied.

  Moreover, in the technique of the literature 1, the puffer type is adopted for all the connected blocking portions. The puffer type switch performs an interruption operation and a closing operation by moving an electrode of a contact using an operation unit using a spring force or hydraulic pressure as a drive source. At this time, during the breaking operation, a high pressure insulating gas is blown to the contact point, so that a force for compressing the gas is always applied to the operation unit.

  In addition to this, not only the electrodes but also the nozzle for controlling the gas flow and the puffer cylinder for compressing the gas are added to the weight that the operation unit moves, so that the load on the operation unit is further increased. Therefore, the operation energy necessary for completing the shut-off operation within a desired time tends to increase. In addition, when the type and size of the operation unit are limited and the operation energy cannot be increased, there is a disadvantage that the interruption time becomes longer.

  On the other hand, the switch described in Patent Document 2 is a switch for ensuring the above-described breaking performance and insulation between the poles after the gaps are "open", and the breaking contact and the insulation By connecting the contact points in series, the gap length between the contact points is shortened, the energy required for the breaking operation is reduced, and the breaking time is shortened.

  In the switch of Patent Document 2, one of the two contacts is a first contact in which an insulating gas is sealed, and the other is a second contact using a vacuum valve, and the gap length of each contact is relatively short. Since it can comprise, the interruption | blocking time of a contact can be shortened.

  However, in this case, first, the second contact of the vacuum valve for interrupting the current is opened, then the first contact for ensuring insulation is opened, and the second contact of the vacuum valve for further shutting off is closed again. It is necessary to go through three steps.

  This is because it is necessary to close the second contact of the vacuum valve again because the second contact of the vacuum valve for blocking does not have a function of insulating the voltage generated between the contacts after the circuit is opened. is there.

  For this reason, since the vacuum valve for ensuring interruption | blocking performance requires the function to reclose the contact once opened, a time lag arises between opening operation and closing operation. In the operation mechanism currently used, since this time lag requires several tens of ms or more, it is difficult to complete the series of operations of the two contacts within a few ms.

  Moreover, in the technique of the above-mentioned patent document 2, a contact for ensuring interruption is realized by a vacuum valve, so that a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the vacuum valve is directly applied to the seal portion.

  In the current performance of the seal part, when a pressure difference of 0.1 MPa or more is applied to the seal part, there is a high possibility that surrounding gas leaks into the vacuum valve.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to achieve the interruption duty required for a high voltage switch (short-distance line fault (SLF) current interruption and terminal short-circuit fault (BTF) current interruption) and interruption time. It is to provide a short switch.

The switch according to the present invention includes a pressure vessel, a current path, a first contact mechanism, and a second contact mechanism.
The pressure vessel has a cylindrical shape, the openings on both edges are closed by the first side wall and the second side wall, the inside is divided by the insulating spacer into the first pressure chamber and the second pressure chamber, and an insulating gas is provided in each pressure chamber. It is something that has been infiltrated. The energization path is arranged so as to go outside through the first pressure chamber and the second pressure chamber. The first contact mechanism portion introduces a shaft that opens and closes a first contact housed in a vacuum vessel disposed in the first pressure chamber in order to connect / cut off the energization path in the first pressure chamber. In order to maintain the airtightness of the part, a seal member that is slidable with the shaft is provided in the vacuum vessel. The second contact mechanism portion has a second contact for connecting / cutting off the energization path in the second pressure chamber. The vacuum vessel is disposed so that a portion of the vacuum vessel into which the shaft is introduced is a part of the first side wall of the pressure vessel.

It is a figure which shows the structure of the switch of 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structure of the switch of 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the other example of 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the structure of the switch of 3rd Embodiment. In 3rd Embodiment, it is a figure which shows opening operation | movement of a 1st contact. In 3rd Embodiment, it is a figure which shows the open operation of a 2nd contact. In 3rd Embodiment, it is a figure which shows interruption | blocking operation | movement of a 3rd contact.

Hereinafter, embodiments will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a configuration of a switch according to the first embodiment. As shown in FIG. 1, the switch according to the first embodiment includes a pressure vessel 2, a first contact mechanism unit 20, a second contact mechanism unit 30, a drive operation unit 60a as a first drive unit, and a second drive unit. As a driving operation unit 60b. This switch is a switch in which at least two contacts (first contact 1a and second contact 1b) are connected in series.

  The pressure vessel 2 has a cylindrical shape, the openings on both edges are closed by the first side wall 8a and the second side wall 8b, and the inside is divided into the first pressure chamber 4a and the second pressure chamber 4b by the insulating spacer 4, An insulating gas 3 is sealed in the pressure chambers 4a and 4b. The pressure of each pressure chamber 4a, 4b is, for example, about 0.2 to 0.8 MPa. For example, SF 6 is used as the insulating gas 3.

  The first pressure chamber 4 a is a space in the pressure vessel 2 partitioned by the first side wall 8 a and the insulating spacer 4. The first side wall 8a is a disc-shaped or cone-shaped insulating plate having a hole in the center. The second pressure chamber 4 b is a space in the pressure vessel 2 partitioned by the second side wall 8 b and the insulating spacer 4. The second side wall 8b is a metal lid.

  The second pressure chamber 4b is provided with an opening upward. An insulating lid 13 is provided in the opening, and the opening is closed. A conductor 28 is provided through the insulating lid 13 and one end of the conductor 28 is electrically connected to the movable electrode 6b. A fixed electrode 5 is fixed to the insulating spacer 4 so as to penetrate the insulating spacer 4. The insulating lid 13 is not limited to a simple plate shape but may be composed of, for example, a composite steel pipe or a porcelain steel pipe.

  The first contact mechanism unit 20 includes a vacuum valve 11 a provided in the first pressure chamber 4 a, a movable electrode 6 a, an electrode 5 a at one end (on the left side) of the fixed electrode 5, and a metal bellows 9. The first contact mechanism unit 20 connects / disconnects the energization path passing through the first pressure chamber 4a.

  The movable electrode 6a is inserted into an opening provided on the side surface of the case of the vacuum valve 11a, and its shaft is connected to the drive operation unit 60a via the connecting portion 7a, and reciprocates by the drive operation unit 60a. The movable electrode 6a is electrically connected to the conductor 24.

  The vacuum valve 11a has the 1st contact 1a and the metal bellows 9 in a vacuum vessel, and the vacuum state is maintained. The metal bellows 9 keeps hermeticity (vacuum state) in the vacuum valve 11a while expanding and contracting following the operation in which the axis of the movable electrode 6a enters and exits the opening of the vacuum valve 11a. The metal bellows 9 is a vacuum flexible tube.

  The vacuum vessel of the vacuum valve 11a is disposed so that the opening of the vacuum valve 11a that introduces the shaft of the movable electrode 6a (the portion of the vacuum vessel that introduces the shaft) is part of the first side wall 8a of the pressure vessel 2. .

  The metal bellows 9 is disposed inside the opening of the vacuum valve 11a, and is a seal member for maintaining the airtightness of the sliding portion between the opening of the vacuum valve 11a and the shaft of the movable electrode 6a. The first contact 1a is composed of an electrode 5a on one end (left side of the fixed electrode 5) and a movable electrode 6a. The first contact 1a is also referred to as a vacuum contact.

  The second contact mechanism 30 includes an electrode 5b and a movable electrode 6b at one end (right side) of the fixed electrode 5 provided in the second pressure chamber 4a. The electrode 5b and the movable electrode 6b constitute a second contact 1b. The second contact 1b is a contact having a greater dielectric strength than the first contact 1a of the vacuum valve 11a, and is also referred to as a gas contact. The second contact mechanism unit 30 connects / disconnects the energization path that passes through the second pressure chamber 4b.

  In the switch, when the contacts 1a and 1b are both connected (in the input state), a current is introduced from the conductor 24, and the introduced current is transmitted from the conductor 28 through the movable electrode 6a, the fixed electrode 5 and the movable electrode 6b. An energization path is formed so as to be led out to the outside. That is, the energization path is arranged so that the current introduced from the conductor 24 can be released to the outside through the first pressure chamber 4a and the second pressure chamber 4b.

The operation of the switch according to this embodiment will be described.
In the case of this embodiment, one of the two contacts connected in series (the first contact 1a) is provided with a vacuum valve 11a that can obtain a good shut-off performance without using the blowing of the insulating gas 3. I use it.

  The metal bellows 9 used in the opening of the vacuum valve usually has a gas sealing performance with a pressure difference between the inside and outside of the vacuum valve 11a of about 0.15 MPa, and a pressure of 0.15 MPa or more. When the difference is applied, external gas leaks into the vacuum valve 11a.

  The atmospheric pressure in the first pressure chamber 4a in which the insulating gas 3 of this embodiment is sealed is usually about 0.2 to 0.8 MPa, which exceeds the gas sealing performance of the vacuum valve 11a.

  Therefore, in the first embodiment, a part of the first side wall 8a in which the side wall part (the part sealed with the metal bellows 9) including the opening that is the sliding part of the vacuum valve 11a is exposed to the atmosphere is used. Thus, since the vacuum valve 11a is arranged, the pressure applied to the metal bellows 9 of the vacuum valve 11a is the atmospheric pressure itself, and there is no atmospheric pressure difference and is 0.1 MPa or less.

  Accordingly, one of the two contacts 1a and 1b (second contact 1b) has a high dielectric strength to ensure the interruption, and the other contact (first contact 1a) has a good breaking performance at a high speed. The vacuum valve 11a can be used to prevent the insulating gas 3 from flowing into the vacuum valve 11a due to gas leakage at the metal bellows 9.

  As described above, according to the first embodiment, it is possible to achieve the interrupting duties required for the high voltage switch (short-distance line fault (SLF) current cutoff and terminal short-circuit fault (BTF) current cutoff), and A switch with high insulation reliability can be provided.

(Second Embodiment)
Hereinafter, the switchgear according to the second embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating the configuration of the switch according to the second embodiment. In the second embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the switch according to the second embodiment uses a composite soot tube 10 instead of the first side wall 8 a described in the first embodiment.

  In the second embodiment, a composite steel pipe 10 and a metal shielding plate 12 are used instead of the first side wall 8a. The composite soot tube 10 is a soot tube in which a layer of synthetic resin such as silicon rubber is formed around a base tube such as FRP (fiber reinforced plastic) resin. The composite pipe 10 has a width (length) in the axial direction so that the insulation on the air side can be maintained at a predetermined air insulation distance. Thereby, the current-carrying path and the creeping insulation on the air side can be maintained in a good state.

  Therefore, according to the second embodiment, insulation between the pressure vessel 2 and the first contact 1a inside the pressure vessel can be maintained in a good state including creeping insulation on the air side.

  In this example, the composite vertical pipe 10 is used as a means for maintaining a predetermined air insulation distance in the first pressure chamber 4a. In addition, the first side wall 8a shown in FIG. As the porcelain soot tube 14 having a cone shape or a conical shape as shown, an air insulation distance may be taken.

(Third embodiment)
Hereinafter, the switchgear according to the third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 4 to 7. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the configuration of the switch according to the third embodiment. In the third embodiment, the same components as those in the first embodiment and the second embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and the description thereof is omitted.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the switch according to the third embodiment includes a fixed electrode 51 having three electrodes 5a, 5b, and 5c fixed to the insulating spacer 4, and a parallel arrangement in the first pressure chamber 4a. A plurality of connected vacuum valves (vacuum valves 11a, 11c), a drive operation unit 60a for opening and closing the first contact 1a of the vacuum valve 11a via the connecting portion 7a, and a third contact 1c of the vacuum valve 11c, The drive operation unit 60c that opens and closes via the connecting part 7c, the second contact point 1b (gas contact), the drive operation part 60b that opens and closes via the connection part 7b, and the drive operation parts 60a, 60b, and 60c are controlled. Control device 40 and conductors 24a and 24c.

  The state of the switch shown in FIG. 4 is that one of the two vacuum contacts (first contact 1a, third contact 1c) connected in parallel and one of the vacuum contacts (first contact 1a) and the gas contact (second contact 1b). ) Is closed and the other vacuum contact (third contact 1c) is opened.

  In the switch according to the third embodiment, the first contact 1a of the vacuum valve 11a and the third contact 1c of the vacuum valve 11c are electrically connected in parallel by branching the fixed electrode 51 into two branches. The third contact 1c and the second contact 1b (gas contact) are connected in series.

  The conductor 24a and the conductor 24c are connected in the direction not shown in the figure. The vacuum valve 11a is provided with a metal bellows 9a. The vacuum valve 11c is provided with a metal bellows 9c and a movable electrode 6c.

  When the controller 40 detects the accident signal, the controller 40 controls each of the drive operation units 60a, 60b, 60c to open / close the corresponding contacts 1a, 1b, 1c to cut off the energization path.

Next, the operation of the switch according to the third embodiment will be described. In describing the operation, for easy understanding of the description, FIGS. 5 to 7 are simplified, but the configuration is the same as that of FIG.
In the case of this third embodiment, during normal operation, that is, in the energized state, as shown in FIG. 4, the first contact 1a of one of the vacuum valves 11a connected in parallel provided in the first pressure chamber 4a is connected to “ The third contact 1c of the other vacuum valve 11c is set to the “open” state. Further, the second contact 1b having the insulating function of the second pressure chamber 4b is set to the “closed” state.

  At this time, when the control device 40 detects an accident signal, the control device controls the drive operation units 60a to 60c as follows to operate each contact in the following order.

  First, the control device 40 controls the drive operation unit 60a to draw the connecting portion 7a (electrode 6a) in the direction of arrow A as shown in FIG. 5, and the first contact point of the vacuum valve 11a that is in the “closed” state. 1a is opened to interrupt the current.

  Next, the control device 40 controls the driving operation unit 60b almost simultaneously with the opening of the first contact 1a, and pulls the connecting portion 7b (electrode 6b) in the direction of arrow B as shown in FIG. The second contact 1b having a large width is opened.

  Furthermore, the control device 40 controls the drive operation unit 60c continuously with the opening of the first contact 1a (substantially simultaneously with the opening of the second contact 1b), and as shown in FIG. The electrode 6c) is pushed out in the direction of arrow C, the third contact 1c of the vacuum valve 11c that has been in the “open” state is closed, and the voltage between the contacts of each vacuum valve 11a, 11c is made zero.

  By performing the opening operation and the closing operation of the vacuum valve as described above with separate vacuum valves 11a and 11c, the vacuum valve opening operation and the closing operation are continuously performed when the vacuum valve is configured with one contact. The time lag that occurs when operating can be eliminated.

  As described above, according to the third embodiment, a plurality of vacuum valves 11a and 11c are connected in parallel to the first pressure chamber 4a, and the opening operation and the closing operation are performed separately. The overall blocking time can be shortened to about several ms, for example.

  That is, according to the above-described embodiment, the interruption duty required for the high voltage switch (short-distance line failure (SLF) current interruption and terminal short-circuit fault (BTF) current interruption) is achieved and the interruption time is reduced. A short switch can be provided.

  In the above embodiment, of the two vacuum valves 11a and 11c, the vacuum valve 11a is opened and the vacuum valve 11c is closed.

  In the above embodiment, the first contact 1a (vacuum contact) of the vacuum valve 11a is arranged in the first pressure chamber 4a, and the contact 1b (gas contact) having high insulation performance is arranged in the second pressure chamber 4b. As long as these contacts are connected in series, the arrangement may be reversed. A plurality of configurations may be used.

  Although the embodiment of the present invention has been described, this embodiment is presented as an example and is not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The novel embodiment can be implemented in various other forms, and various omissions, replacements, and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the invention. These embodiments and modifications thereof are included in the scope and gist of the invention, and are included in the invention described in the claims and the equivalents thereof.

  1a, 1b, 1c ... contact, 2 ... pressure vessel, 3 ... insulating gas, 4 ... insulating spacer, 4a ... first pressure chamber, 4b ... second pressure chamber, 5 ... fixed electrode, 5a, 5b, 5c ... electrode, 6a, 6b, 6c ... movable electrode, 7a, 7b, 7c ... coupling part, 8a, 8b ... side wall, 9, 9a, 9c ... metal bellows, 10 ... composite rod, 11a, 11c ... vacuum valve, 12 ... shielding plate, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 13 ... Insulation lid | cover, 14 ... Porcelain porcelain pipe, 20 ... 1st contact mechanism part, 24, 24a, 24c, 28 ... Conductor, 30 ... 2nd contact mechanism part, 40 ... Control apparatus, 51 ... Fixed electrode, 60a, 60b, 60c: Drive operation unit.

Claims (4)

It has a cylindrical shape, the openings on both edges are closed by the first and second side walls, the interior is divided into first and second pressure chambers by insulating spacers, and an insulating gas is tightly packed in each pressure chamber A pressure vessel,
An energization path arranged so as to pass outside through the first pressure chamber and the second pressure chamber;
In order to connect / cut off the energization path in the first pressure chamber, the airtightness of the portion of the vacuum vessel is introduced that introduces a shaft for opening and closing the first contact housed in the vacuum vessel arranged in the first pressure chamber. A first contact mechanism provided in the vacuum vessel with a seal member slidable with the shaft;
A second contact mechanism portion having a second contact for connecting / cutting off the energization path in the second pressure chamber;
The switch which has arrange | positioned the said vacuum vessel so that the site | part of the said vacuum vessel which introduce | transduces the said axis | shaft may become a part of said 1st side wall of the said pressure vessel.   The switch according to claim 1, wherein the vacuum container including the first contact is a vacuum valve.   The switch according to claim 1, wherein the sealing member is a vacuum flexible tube. It has a cylindrical shape, the openings on both edges are closed by the first and second side walls, the interior is divided into first and second pressure chambers by insulating spacers, and an insulating gas is tightly packed in each pressure chamber A pressure vessel,
An energization path arranged so as to pass outside through the first pressure chamber and the second pressure chamber;
Two vacuum contacts arranged in the first pressure chamber and connected in parallel to connect / disconnect the energization path;
A gas contact disposed in the second pressure chamber and connected in series with the vacuum contact to connect / disconnect the energization path;
When the one vacuum contact and the gas contact of the two vacuum contacts connected in parallel are closed and the other vacuum contact is opened, the one vacuum contact A switch comprising: a control device that opens, opens the gas contact, and closes the other vacuum contact.

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