JP2021115657A - Gear processing equipment and gear processing method - Google Patents

Abstract

An object of the present invention is to provide a gear processing device that can easily determine a reference rotation angle and perform subsequent processing. A control device 100 of a gear processing device 1 controls a tooth groove 115g in a reference state of a turntable 70 that rotationally drives a sleeve 115 based on an approach position of a processing tool 42 and a predetermined rotational position of a tool blade 42a. The reference rotation angle determining unit 102 is provided to determine the reference rotation angle by calculating the angular position of the reference rotation angle. In addition, when cutting a tooth surface that has a helix angle with respect to the internal tooth of the sleeve 115 based on the reference rotation angle, the approach distance of the machining tool 42 placed at the approach position and the helix angle of the tooth surface are used. A machining position calculation unit 103 is provided for calculating a cutting start position at which the machining tool 42 starts cutting the tooth surface. The machining position calculation unit 103 calculates a correction amount corresponding to the difference between the cutting start position calculated based on the reference rotation angle and the actual cutting start position when cutting the tooth surface. [Selection diagram] Figure 1

Description

The present invention relates to a gear processing apparatus and a gear processing method.

The transmission used in the vehicle is provided with a synchromesh mechanism for smooth shifting operation. As shown in FIG. 11, the key-type synchromesh mechanism 110 includes a main shaft 111, a main drive shaft 112, a clutch hub 113, a key 114, a sleeve 115, a main drive gear 116, a clutch gear 117, a synchronizer ring 118, and the like. Be prepared.

The main shaft 111 and the main drive shaft 112 are coaxially arranged. A clutch hub 113 is spline-fitted to the main shaft 111, and the main shaft 111 and the clutch hub 113 rotate together. Keys 114 are supported by springs (not shown) at three locations on the outer circumference of the clutch hub 113. Internal teeth (splines) 115a are formed on the inner circumference of the sleeve 115, and the sleeve 115 slides in the direction of the rotation axis LL along a spline (not shown) formed on the outer circumference of the clutch hub 113 together with the key 114.

A main drive gear 116 is fitted to the main drive shaft 112, and a clutch gear 117 having a tapered cone 117b projecting is integrally formed on the sleeve 115 side of the main drive gear 116. A synchronizer ring 118 is arranged between the sleeve 115 and the clutch gear 117. The outer teeth 117a of the clutch gear 117 and the outer teeth 118a of the synchronizer ring 118 are formed so as to be meshable with the inner teeth 115a of the sleeve 115. The inner circumference of the synchronizer ring 118 is formed in a tapered shape capable of frictionally engaging with the outer circumference of the taper cone 117b.

Next, the operation of the synchromesh mechanism 110 will be described. As shown in FIG. 12A, the sleeve 115 and the key 114 are moved in the direction of the rotation axis LL of the arrow shown by the operation of the shift lever (not shown). The key 114 pushes the synchronizer ring 118 in the direction of the rotation axis LL, and pushes the inner circumference of the synchronizer ring 118 against the outer circumference of the taper cone 117b. As a result, the clutch gear 117, the synchronizer ring 118 and the sleeve 115 start synchronous rotation.

Then, as shown in FIG. 12B, the key 114 is pushed down by the sleeve 115 to further push the synchronizer ring 118 in the direction of the rotation axis LL, so that the degree of adhesion between the inner circumference of the synchronizer ring 118 and the outer circumference of the taper cone 117b is high. Will increase. As a result, a strong frictional force is generated, and the clutch gear 117, the synchronizer ring 118, and the sleeve 115 rotate synchronously. When the rotation speed of the clutch gear 117 and the rotation speed of the sleeve 115 are completely synchronized, the frictional force between the inner circumference of the synchronizer ring 118 and the outer circumference of the taper cone 117b disappears.

Then, when the sleeve 115 and the key 114 further move in the direction of the rotation axis LL shown by the arrow, the key 114 fits into the groove 118b of the synchronizer ring 118 and stops, but the sleeve 115 moves beyond the convex portion 114a of the key 114. Then, the internal teeth 115a of the sleeve 115 mesh with the external teeth 118a of the synchronizer ring 118. Then, as shown in FIG. 12C, the sleeve 115 further moves in the direction of the rotation axis LL of the arrow shown, and the internal teeth 115a of the sleeve 115 mesh with the external teeth 117a of the clutch gear 117. With the above, the shift is completed.

In the synchromesh mechanism 110 as described above, in order to prevent the external teeth 117a of the clutch gear 117 and the internal teeth 115a of the sleeve 115 from coming off during traveling, as shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the inside of the sleeve 115 The teeth 115a are provided with a tapered gear disengagement prevention portion 120, and the outer teeth 117a of the clutch gear 117 are provided with a tapered gear disengagement prevention portion (not shown) that is tapered and fitted with the gear disengagement prevention portion 120. Be done. In the following description, the left side surface 115A of the internal teeth 115a of the sleeve 115 on the left side is referred to as the left side surface 115A, and the right side surface 115B of the internal teeth 115a of the sleeve 115 on the right side is referred to as the right side surface 115B.

The left side surface 115A of the internal teeth 115a of the sleeve 115 has a left tooth surface 115b, a tooth surface 121 having a different helix angle from the left tooth surface 115b (hereinafter referred to as a left tapered tooth surface 121), and a tooth surface 131. (Hereinafter, it is referred to as a left chamfer (chatomed) tooth surface 131.). Further, the right side surface 115B of the internal teeth 115a of the sleeve 115 has a right tooth surface 115c, a tooth surface 122 having a different helix angle from the right tooth surface 115c (hereinafter, referred to as a right tapered tooth surface 122) and a tooth surface 132. (Hereinafter, it is referred to as a right chamfer (chatomed) tooth surface 132.).

In the above-mentioned conventional example, the helix angle of the left tooth surface 115b is 0 (zero), the helix angle of the left tapered tooth surface 121 is θf, and the helix angle of the left chamfer tooth surface 131 is θL. The helix angle of the right tooth surface 115c is 0 (zero), the helix angle of the right tapered tooth surface 122 is θr, and the helix angle of the right chamfer tooth surface 132 is θR. Then, the left tapered tooth surface 121, the tooth surface 121a connecting the left tapered tooth surface 121 and the left tooth surface 115b (hereinafter referred to as the left sub tooth surface 121a), the left chamfer tooth surface 131, and the right tapered tooth surface 122. , The tooth surface 122a connecting the right tapered tooth surface 122 and the right tooth surface 115c (hereinafter, referred to as the right sub tooth surface 122a) and the right chamfer tooth surface 132 constitute the gear disengagement prevention portion 120. The gear disengagement prevention is achieved by tapering the left tapered tooth surface 121 and the gear disengagement prevention portion of the clutch gear 117. Further, the left chamfer tooth surface 131 and the right chamfer tooth surface 132 are for smoothly engaging with the gear disengagement prevention portion of the clutch gear 117.

As described above, the structure of the internal teeth 115a of the sleeve 115 is complicated, and in order to reliably prevent the above-mentioned gear disengagement, it is necessary to process the gear disengagement prevention portion 120 with high accuracy. Therefore, conventionally, as disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 below, a gear processing device and a gear processing method capable of processing a tooth surface with high accuracy have been known. Further, the sleeve 115 is a part that requires mass production. For this reason, conventionally, as disclosed in Patent Document 3 below, a machining tool having a plurality of blades is machined by making the phase of the machining tool different for each machining, thereby lengthening the machining tool. A gear processing method that can extend the service life is also known.

Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2019-018335 JP-A-2018-079558 Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2018-001343

By the way, when the gear disengagement prevention portion 120 of the internal teeth 115a of the sleeve 115 is machined with high accuracy, it is necessary to machine the gear using a plurality of machining tools different depending on the machining site and the machining content. In this case, after aligning the blade position of the machining tool with the tooth phase of the workpiece such as the sleeve 115, or after aligning the tooth position of the workpiece with the blade phase of the machining tool, that is, cutting the workpiece. After determining the reference rotation angle for this, the next processing must be performed. However, in a series of machining, if the tooth phase of the workpiece or the blade phase of the machining tool is measured at each end of machining to determine the reference rotation angle, a measuring device is required and the cycle required for machining is required. There is a problem that the time is extended.

The present invention provides a gear processing apparatus and a gear processing method capable of easily determining a reference rotation angle and performing next processing without measuring the tooth phase of a workpiece even when a plurality of processing tools are used. The purpose is to do.

The gear processing apparatus according to the present invention creates a plurality of teeth by feeding the processing tool relative to the direction of the rotation axis of the workpiece while rotating the machining tool synchronously with the workpiece and cutting the peripheral surface of the workpiece. It is a gear processing device and includes a control device having a processing control unit and a reference rotation angle determining unit. At the position, the rotation position of the tool blade of the machining tool was controlled to a predetermined rotation position according to the position of the tooth groove formed on the peripheral surface of the workpiece by cutting, and the machining tool was rotated synchronously with the workpiece. A tooth groove is cut on the peripheral surface of the workpiece in this state, and the reference rotation angle determining unit rotates the geographic feature based on the approach position and the predetermined rotation position. It is determined by calculating the angular position of as the reference rotation angle.

According to this, even when a plurality of machining tools are used, it is not necessary to measure the tooth phase of the workpiece to be machined each time, and the reference rotation angle can be quickly determined and the next machining can be performed. can. Therefore, a measuring device for measuring the phase is not required, and the cycle time required for processing can be shortened.

It is a figure which shows the whole structure of a gear processing apparatus. It is a figure which shows the structure of the tool change device of FIG. It is a partial cross-sectional view which shows the structure of the processing tool (skiving cutter). It is a figure for demonstrating the predetermined rotation position of a machining tool. It is a figure for demonstrating the top position of a work piece. It is a figure for demonstrating the top shape at a predetermined rotation position of a machining tool. It is a figure for demonstrating the reference rotation angle. It is a figure for demonstrating the correction amount at the time of cutting a tapered tooth surface. It is a figure for demonstrating the correction amount at the time of cutting a chamfer tooth surface. It is a table which shows the processing condition when cutting the gear disengagement prevention part of a sleeve. It is a figure for demonstrating the state which cuts the tooth surface (tooth groove) of a sleeve by skiving. It is a figure which shows the relationship between the rotation speed of a processing tool and the rotation speed of a sleeve when cutting a sleeve by skiving, and shows the top shape of the processing tool and the top position of a sleeve at the start of processing. It is a flowchart which shows the processing process of the sleeve which is a workpiece. It is sectional drawing which shows the synchromesh mechanism which has a sleeve which is a work piece. It is sectional drawing which shows the state before the start of operation of the synchromesh mechanism of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the operating state of the synchromesh mechanism of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the state after the operation completion of the synchromesh mechanism of FIG. It is a perspective view which shows the gear disengagement prevention part of the sleeve which is a work piece. FIG. 13 is a view of the gear disengagement prevention portion of the sleeve of FIG. 13 as viewed from the radial direction.

(1. Mechanical configuration of gear processing equipment)
In this example, as an example of the gear processing apparatus, a 5-axis machining center capable of skiving processing will be taken as an example. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the gear processing device 1 of this example has three linear axes (X-axis, Y-axis, Z-axis) and two rotation axes (X-axis lines) orthogonal to each other as drive axes. It is a device having an A-axis parallel to the A-axis and a C-axis perpendicular to the A-axis line.

As shown in FIG. 1, the gear processing device 1 includes a bed 10, a column 20, a saddle 30, a rotary spindle 40, a table 50, a tilt table 60, and a turntable 70 as a workpiece rotation drive device. A work holding device 80, a tool changing device 90, and a control device 100 are mainly provided.

The bed 10 is formed in a substantially rectangular shape and is arranged on the floor. An X-axis ball screw (not shown) for driving the column 20 in a direction parallel to the X-axis is arranged on the upper surface of the bed 10. Then, an X-axis motor 11c that rotationally drives the X-axis ball screw is arranged on the bed 10.

A Y-axis ball screw (not shown) for driving the saddle 30 in a direction parallel to the Y-axis is arranged on the side surface (sliding surface) 20a parallel to the Y-axis of the column 20. A Y-axis motor 23c that rotationally drives the Y-axis ball screw is arranged on the column 20.

The rotary spindle 40 supports the machining tool 42, is rotatably supported in the saddle 30, and is rotated by the spindle motor 41 housed in the saddle 30. The machining tool 42 is held by the tool holder 43, fixed to the tip of the rotary spindle 40, and rotates as the rotary spindle 40 rotates. Further, the machining tool 42 moves in a direction parallel to the X-axis line and a direction parallel to the Y-axis line with respect to the bed 10 as the column 20 and the saddle 30 move. The details of the machining tool 42 will be described later.

Further, a Z-axis ball screw (not shown) for driving the table 50 in a direction parallel to the Z-axis is arranged on the upper surface of the bed 10. A Z-axis motor 12c that rotationally drives the Z-axis ball screw is arranged on the bed 10.

A tilt table support portion 63 that supports the tilt table 60 is provided on the upper surface of the table 50. The tilt table support portion 63 is provided with a tilt table 60 that can rotate (swing) around an axis parallel to the A axis. The tilt table 60 is rotated (swinged) by an A-axis motor 61 housed in the table 50.

The tilt table 60 is provided with a turntable 70 as a work rotation drive device so as to be rotatable around an axis parallel to the C axis. The turntable 70 is equipped with a workpiece holding device 80 that constitutes a workpiece spindle that holds the sleeve 115 that is a workpiece. The turntable 70 is rotated by a C-axis motor 62 together with the sleeve 115 and the workpiece holding device 80. Here, the turntable 70 is provided with an encoder 71 that detects a rotation angle around the C axis. Then, as the reference state of the turntable 70, for example, the rotation angle detected by the encoder 71 is set to 0 degrees.

Next, the tool changing device 90 will be described as specifically shown in FIG. The tool changing device 90 replaces the machining tool 42 mounted on the rotary spindle 40 with another machining tool 42 housed in the tool magazine M. Here, the tool magazine M accommodates a plurality of machining tools 42. In FIG. 2, only three machining tools 42 (machining tools 42A, 42B, 42C described later) are shown for simplification of the drawing. A plate-shaped support plate 13 is fixed to the upper surface of the bed 10, and a tool magazine M is rotatably provided on the support plate 13.

The tool change device 90 includes a device main body 91, a change arm 92, an arm motor 93, a frame part 94, a door 95, a moving body 96, a tool holding part 97, a detection part 98, and a tool change control. Mainly includes a unit 99. Here, the tool change control unit 99 connects to the control device 100, which will be described later, and shares data. The apparatus main body 91, the replacement arm 92, the arm motor 93, the frame portion 94, the door 95, the moving body 96, and the tool holding portion 97 are well known, and for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2018-103330 is referred to. Therefore, the description thereof will be omitted.

The detection unit 98 detects the rotation position of the machining tool 42 mounted on the rotation spindle 40. The detection unit 98 detects the rotational position of the machining tool 42 by, for example, detecting the detected portion provided on the machining tool 42 or the tool holder 43. Here, as the detection unit 98, a non-contact eddy current sensor, a contact touch probe sensor, or the like can be used. Then, as shown in FIG. 2, the detection unit 98 is held by the detection unit arm, and when the detection arm extends, it approaches the detection unit and is mounted on the rotary spindle 40 for processing. The rotation position of the tool 42 is detected. Here, the rotation position detected by the detection unit 98 is stored in the storage unit 104 or the like of the control device 100, which will be described later. For the detection of the rotation position of the machining tool 42, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2013-129000 can be referred to.

As shown in FIG. 1, the control device 100 mainly includes a machining control unit 101, a reference rotation angle determination unit 102, a machining position calculation unit 103, and a storage unit 104. Here, the machining control unit 101, the reference rotation angle determination unit 102, the machining position calculation unit 103, and the storage unit 104 may be configured by individual computer hardware (CPU, memory, storage, etc.), or computer software. The configuration may be realized by (data, program, etc.).

The machining control unit 101 controls the spindle motor 41 to rotate the machining tool 42. Further, the machining control unit 101 controls the X-axis motor 11c, the Z-axis motor 12c, the Y-axis motor 23c, the A-axis motor 61, and the C-axis motor 62. As a result, the machining control unit 101 moves the sleeve 115, which is a workpiece, and the machining tool 42 in a direction parallel to the X-axis, a direction parallel to the Z-axis, a direction parallel to the Y-axis, and a direction parallel to the A-axis around the axis. The sleeve 115 is cut by moving the sleeve 115 relative to the axis parallel to the C axis.

The reference rotation angle determining unit 102 acquires the rotation angle of the turntable 70, that is, the sleeve 115 from the encoder 71 of the turntable 70, and stores it in the storage unit 104 or the like. Further, the reference rotation angle determination unit 102 acquires the rotation position of the tool blade 42a of the machining tool 42 from the detection unit 98 of the tool changer 90 and stores it in the storage unit 104 or the like. The reference rotation angle determining unit 102 is arranged at a position where the machining tool 42 is separated from the sleeve 115 in the direction of the C axis (rotation axis) (hereinafter, referred to as approach position U1) and at approach position U1. Based on the predetermined rotation position which is the rotation position of the tool blade 42a acquired from the detection unit 98, the angular position of the tooth groove 115g of the sleeve 115 in the reference state of the turntable 70 is calculated as the reference rotation angle P of the sleeve 115 ( (Determine) (see FIG. 8).

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 5A, the angular position of the tooth groove 115g is, for example, the tooth closest to the vertical line (90 degree line) in the reference state of the turntable 70 when the sleeve 115 is viewed from the direction of the C axis. It is an angle representing the deviation between the imaginary straight line connecting the center of the groove 115g and the center of the sleeve 115 and the vertical straight line. Therefore, the reference rotation angle P is an angle detected by the encoder 71 when the turntable 70 is rotated so that the virtual straight line coincides with the vertical straight line.

Here, when calculating (determining) the reference rotation angle P, the approach position U1, that is, the distance between the machining tool 42 and the sleeve 115 in the direction of the C axis (approach distance M1 described later) and the tool of the machining tool 42. In addition to the rotation position of the blade 42a, the feed rate at which the machining tool 42 is sent toward the sleeve 115 in the direction of the C axis, the rotation speed of each of the machining tool 42 and the sleeve 115, and the like can be considered.

The reference rotation angle P is determined so that, for example, the rotation phases of the machining tool 42 and the sleeve 115 become 0 degrees at the time of synchronous rotation. For example, the reference rotation angle P is determined at the central angular position of the tooth groove 115g formed by cutting so as to create the internal teeth 115a of the sleeve 115 (see FIG. 6A).

When cutting a tooth surface having a helix angle on the tooth surfaces 115b and 115c of the internal teeth 115a of the sleeve 115, the processing position calculation unit 103 starts cutting processing based on the reference rotation angle P (hereinafter, cutting). It is referred to as the start position U2 (see FIG. 8)). That is, the machining position calculation unit 103 calculates the correction angle σ representing the cutting start position U2 when the reference rotation angle P is used as a reference according to the following equation 1.

However, M1 in the above formula 1 represents an approach distance in which the machining tool 42 arranged at the approach position U1 moves to abut with the sleeve 115 in the direction of the C axis (rotational axis). Further, θ in the above formula 1 represents the helix angle of the tooth surface formed by cutting the tooth surfaces 115b and 115c of the internal teeth 115a of the sleeve 115. Further, m in the above formula 1 represents a module of the sleeve 115, and Z represents the number of teeth of the sleeve 115.

Further, the machining position calculation unit 103 has a temporary cutting start position U2d calculated with reference to the reference rotation angle P when machining the tooth surface, and an actual cutting start position U2j when actually cutting the tooth surface. The correction amount σd for correcting the reference rotation angle P is calculated based on the difference between the two (see FIGS. 6B and 6C).

In this example, on the tooth surfaces 115b and 115c (tooth grooves 115g) of the internal teeth 115a of the sleeve 115, the chamfer tooth surfaces 131 and 132 (chanfa tooth grooves 131g and 132g) of the gear disengagement prevention portion 120 and gear disengagement prevention. The tapered tooth surfaces 121 and 122 (tapered tooth grooves 121 g and 122 g) of the portion 120 are machined. In this case, the machining position calculation unit 103 calculates the correction angle σ (correction angle σf, σr, σL, σR) for determining the cutting start position U2 according to the above equation 1, and the correction amount σd for correcting the reference rotation angle P. (See FIGS. 6B, 6C and 7).

The storage unit 104 stores the number of blades (even number or odd number) of the tool blade 42a as tool specification data related to the machining tool 42. Further, the storage unit 104 stores the processing condition data (see FIG. 7) for cutting the sleeve 115, and stores the number (even or odd number) of the internal teeth 115a created in the sleeve 115 in advance.

(2. Machining tool)
The machining tool 42 is a skiving cutter, and is designed and manufactured based on the shapes of the left tooth surface 115b and the right tooth surface 115c of the internal teeth 115a. As shown in FIG. 3, the shape of the tool blade 42a of the machining tool 42 is formed to be the same as the shape of the involute curve in this example.

The tool blade 42a of the machining tool 42 is provided with a rake angle inclined by an angle γ with respect to a plane perpendicular to the rotation axis L at the cutting edge 42b. Further, the tool blade 42a is provided with a front clearance angle inclined by an angle δ with respect to a straight line parallel to the rotation axis L on the tool peripheral surface side. Further, the blade groove 42c of the tool blade 42a has a helix angle inclined by an angle β with respect to a straight line parallel to the rotation axis L. The machining tool 42 may include a straight tool blade 42a that does not have a helix angle β and is parallel to the rotation axis L.

(3. About the predetermined rotation position of the machining tool 42)
When cutting the sleeve 115, which is a workpiece, the machining tool 42 is rotated so that the cutting edge 42b or the cutting edge groove 42c is in a predetermined rotation position based on the relationship shown in FIG. Then, in this example, the machining control unit 101 of the control device 100 starts machining, that is, with the machining tool 42 arranged at the approach position U1, the cutting edge 42b or the cutting edge 42c of the machining tool 42. To a predetermined rotation position.

As shown in FIG. 4, the predetermined rotation position is determined based on the machining conditions of the workpiece (sleeve 115 in this example) and the tool specifications of the machining tool 42. The processing conditions include whether the teeth created in the workpiece are internal teeth or external teeth, and whether the number of teeth created is an even number or an odd number. The processing conditions of this example are the number (even or odd) of the internal teeth 115a of the sleeve 115. Further, as the tool specifications, the number (even number or odd number) of the tool blades 42a of the machining tool 42 can be mentioned.

In the following description, as shown in FIG. 5A, when the tooth groove 115g of the sleeve 115 is at the uppermost portion in the direction of the Y axis, which is the first direction (hereinafter, this position is referred to as a “top position”). Is illustrated. Further, in the following description, as shown in FIG. 5B, the fact that the cutting edge 42b (or the blade groove 42c) of the machining tool 42 is at the uppermost part in the Y-axis direction corresponding to the “top position” is “tool”. It is referred to as "top shape", and an example of a case where the tool top shape is arranged at a predetermined rotation position is illustrated.

As shown in FIG. 4, the case where the "machining point position" is "upper", that is, the first direction, and the tooth groove 115 g is formed at the top position in the Y-axis direction of the sleeve 115 will be described. In this case, in order to form the tooth groove 115g at the top position, the cutting edge 42b of the tool blade 42a of the machining tool 42 needs to come into contact with the sleeve 115. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 5A, when the tooth groove 115g is formed at the top position, the number of internal teeth 115a of the sleeve 115 is even or odd, and the number of tool blades 42a of the machining tool 42 is large. In the case of an even number or an odd number, as shown in FIG. 5B, the cutting edge 42b of the tool blade 42a of the machining tool 42 is arranged at a predetermined rotation position with the cutting edge 42b as the top shape.

Next, as shown in FIG. 4, when the tooth groove 115 g is formed at the top position, the "machining point position" is "downward", that is, the second direction opposite to the first direction, and the Y-axis of the sleeve 115. The case of processing the lowermost part in the direction will be described. In this case, the tool top shape of the tool blade 42a of the machining tool 42 changes depending on whether the number of internal teeth 115a of the sleeve 115 is even or odd, and the number of tool blades 42a of the machining tool 42 also changes depending on whether the number of tool blades 42a is even or odd. The shape of the tool top changes.

Specifically, when the number of internal teeth 115a of the sleeve 115 is odd, when the tooth groove 115g is formed at the top position, the internal teeth 115a are present at the lowermost portion of the sleeve 115. In this case, the blade groove 42c of the tool blade 42a of the machining tool 42 needs to be located at the lowermost part of the sleeve 115. Therefore, when the number of tool blades 42a of the machining tool 42 is odd, the tool top shape is the cutting edge 42b, so that the cutting edge 42b is arranged at a predetermined rotation position. Further, in this case, when the number of the tool blades 42a of the machining tool 42 is an even number, the tool top shape is the blade groove 42c, so that the blade groove 42c is arranged at a predetermined rotation position.

Further, when the number of internal teeth 115a of the sleeve 115 is an even number, when the tooth groove 115 g is formed at the top position, the tooth groove 115 g exists at the lowermost portion of the sleeve 115. In this case, the cutting edge 42b of the tool blade 42a of the machining tool 42 needs to be located at the lowermost part of the sleeve 115. Therefore, when the number of the tool blades 42a of the machining tool 42 is an odd number, the tool top shape is the blade groove 42c, so that the blade groove 42c is arranged at a predetermined rotation position. Further, in this case, when the number of the tool blades 42a of the machining tool 42 is an even number, the tool top shape is the cutting edge 42b, so that the cutting edge 42b is arranged at a predetermined rotation position.

Here, the case where external teeth are formed on the workpiece will also be described with reference to FIG. When the external teeth are created in the workpiece, the tool top shape is arranged at a predetermined rotation position as in the case of the internal teeth described above. Specifically, the case where the tooth groove is formed at the top position in the direction of the Y-axis in the "upper", that is, the annular workpiece, will be described. In this case, in order to form the tooth groove at the top position, the cutting edge of the tool blade of the machining tool needs to come into contact with the workpiece.

Therefore, when forming a tooth groove at the top position, regardless of whether the number of external teeth of the workpiece is even or odd, if the number of tool blades of the machining tool is odd, the blade groove is regarded as the top shape. It is arranged at a predetermined rotation position. Further, when the number of tool blades of the machining tool is even, the cutting edge is arranged at a predetermined rotation position as a top shape.

Next, as shown in FIG. 4, when a tooth groove is formed at the top position of the workpiece, the "machining point position" is "bottom", that is, the lowermost portion of the workpiece in the Y-axis direction is machined. explain. In this case, the shape of the tool top of the tool blade of the machining tool changes depending on whether the number of external teeth of the workpiece is even or odd.

Specifically, when the number of external teeth of the workpiece is odd and a tooth groove is formed at the top position, the external teeth are present at the bottom of the workpiece. In this case, the blade groove of the tool blade of the machining tool needs to come into contact with the lowermost part of the workpiece. Therefore, regardless of whether the number of tool blades of the machining tool is odd or even, the tool top shape is a blade groove, so that the blade groove is arranged at a predetermined rotation position.

Further, when the number of external teeth of the workpiece is an even number and the tooth groove is formed at the top position, the tooth groove exists at the lowermost part of the workpiece. In this case, the cutting edge of the tool blade of the machining tool needs to come into contact with the bottom of the workpiece. Therefore, regardless of the number of tool blades of the machining tool being odd or even, the tool top shape is the cutting edge, so that the cutting edge is arranged at a predetermined rotation position.

Then, at the approach position U1, the rotation of the machining tool 42 is controlled, and the cutting edge 42b or the cutting edge groove 42c is arranged at a predetermined rotation position according to the machining conditions of the sleeve 115 and the tool specifications of the machining tool 42. The approach position U1 is located on the machining tool 42 side from the cutting start position U2, and the approach distance M1 from one end surface of the sleeve 115 is, for example, a position about 5 mm away. The machining tool 42 is rotationally synchronized with the sleeve 115 from this approach position U1, and the machining tool 42 is relatively fed from the cutting start position U2 toward the sleeve 115, whereby the top position and machining point of the sleeve 115 and the machining point. A tooth groove 115 g is formed at the position.

Then, when the tooth groove 115g is formed on the sleeve 115, that is, when the internal tooth 115a is formed by the two tooth grooves 115g, the turntable 70 has a tooth groove 115g which is one of the formed tooth grooves 115g. The reference rotation angle P is determined based on the angle position in the reference state. For example, as shown in FIG. 6A, the reference rotation angle P passing through the center of the width of the tooth groove 115 g is determined.

(4. Cutting start position U2 (correction angle σ) and correction amount σd)
In the gear processing apparatus 1, the reference rotation angle P is determined as shown in FIG. 6A. This reference rotation angle P can be used as a reference at the time of processing, for example, in tooth loss processing in which the internal tooth 115a created in the sleeve 115 is scraped off. That is, since the position of the internal tooth 115a created based on the reference rotation angle P can be accurately determined, the cutting start position U2 for missing tooth processing or the like having no helix angle with respect to the internal tooth 115a is used as a reference. It can be determined based on the rotation angle P.

Here, the chamfer cutting process for cutting the chamfer tooth surfaces 131 and 132 of the gear disengagement prevention portion 120 on the internal tooth 115a and the taper cutting process for cutting the tapered tooth surfaces 121 and 122 have an approach distance M1 and a twist angle θ. The cutting start position U2 can be geometrically calculated according to the above equation 1 using. However, when the calculation is performed with the reference rotation angle P as a reference, a deviation from the original cutting start position U2 may occur.

Therefore, according to the above equation 1, the temporary cutting start position U2d when the reference rotation angle P is used as a reference is calculated, and the actual cutting start position U2j required when actually cutting the taper or the like is calculated. , The reference rotation angle P is corrected. Specifically, as shown in FIGS. 6B and 6C, the distance in the rotation direction of the sleeve 115 between the temporary cutting start position U2d indicated by the broken line and the actual cutting start position U2j indicated by the solid line is corrected by the correction amount σd (angle). ). Then, in this example, the reference rotation angle P is corrected by rotating the sleeve 115 by the correction amount σd.

Therefore, in the chamfer processing and the taper processing in this example, the sleeve 115 is rotated by the correction amount σd, and the cutting processing is performed based on the corrected new reference rotation angle P. The sleeve 115 is not limited to the correction amount σd, but the machining tool 42 is rotated by the correction amount σd, and the total of the rotation of both the sleeve 115 and the machining tool 42 is the correction amount σd. You can do it.

(5. Processing by control device 100)
Next, the processing (gear processing method) by the control device 100 will be described with reference to FIGS. 7 and 8. Here, the machining tool 42A for machining the tooth groove 115g (or machining the missing tooth by scraping off the internal tooth 115a) is mounted on the rotary spindle 40 of the gear machining device 1, and the sleeve 115 is attached to the gear machining device 1. It is assumed that it is rotationally driven by the turntable 70 while being mounted on the workpiece holding device 80. It is assumed that the machining tool 42B for machining the tapered tooth surfaces 121 and 122 and the machining tool 42C for machining the chamfer tooth surfaces 131 and 132 are stored in advance in the tool magazine M of the tool changer 90.

Further, the number of internal teeth 115a machined on the sleeve 115 (even or odd number), the number of blades of the tool blades 42a of the machining tools 42B and 42C (even number or odd number), and the twist angles θf of the tapered tooth surfaces 121 and 122. , Θr, the twist angles θL and θR of the chamfer tooth surfaces 131 and 132, the approach distance M1 and the cutting movement distance M2 are stored in advance in the storage unit 104. Further, in the following description, the markings of the tooth grooves 115g, 121g, 122g, 131g and 132g are omitted, and only the markings of the tooth surfaces 115b, 115c, 121, 122, 131 and 132 are used.

As shown in FIG. 8, the machining control unit 101 of the control device 100 sets the intersection angle φ in skiving machining to a set value, and arranges the machining tool 42A at the approach position U1. Then, as shown in FIG. 10, the machining control unit 101 feeds the machining tool 42A once or a plurality of times in the direction of the rotation axis Lw of the sleeve 115 while rotating the machining tool 42A synchronously with the sleeve 115. (S1: First step).

Here, regarding the synchronous rotation of the machining tool 42A (42B, 42C) and the sleeve 115, as shown in FIG. 9, the speed between the rotation speed of the machining tool 42A (42B, 42C) and the rotation speed of the sleeve 115. Synchronous rotation is performed so that the ratio is constant. Then, at the timing when the machining tool 42A (42B, 42C) moves from the approach position U1 to the cutting start position U2, synchronous rotation is started at time t1, and the machining tool 42A (42B, 42C) and the sleeve 115 are respectively. It can be a state of acceleration, or a state of stable synchronous rotation at time t2.

As a result, the machining tool 42A rough-cuts the inner circumference of the sleeve 115 to form the left tooth surface 115b and the right tooth surface 115c of the internal teeth 115a, and further forms the left tooth surface 115b and the right of the internal teeth 115a. Tooth surface 115c is semi-finished. The semi-finish cutting process is performed by setting the tool feed rate to be smaller than the tool feed rate at the time of rough cutting.

Then, when the cutting of the left tooth surface 115b and the right tooth surface 115c of the internal teeth 115a is completed, the processing control unit 101 stores the number (even or odd numbers) of the formed internal teeth 115a in the storage unit 104. After that, the machining control unit 101 returns the machining tool 42A to the approach position U1 while maintaining the crossing angle φ.

Subsequently, the processing control unit 101 performs chanfa cutting on the left chanfa tooth surface 131 and the right chanfa tooth surface 132 (chanfa tooth surface processing step). Therefore, the machining control unit 101 operates the tool changing device 90 to automatically replace the machining tool 42A currently mounted on the rotary spindle 40 with the machining tool 42C stored in the tool magazine M. do. At this time, in the tool changer 90, the detection unit 98 determines whether the cutting edge is located at the rotation position of the tool blade 42a of the machining tool 42C, specifically, the highest predetermined rotation position in the vertical direction. The blade position information indicating whether or not is positioned is output to the reference rotation angle determining unit 102.

The reference rotation angle determining unit 102 stores the blade position information acquired from the detection unit 98 of the tool changing device 90, the number of blades (even or odd number) of the machining tool 42C stored in the storage unit 104, and as described above. The number of internal teeth 115a (even or odd) is acquired. Then, based on the relationship shown in the table shown in FIG. 4, the reference rotation angle determining unit 102 corresponds to the machining tool 42C when the tooth groove of the internal tooth 115a is positioned at the uppermost portion in the vertical direction, as shown in FIG. The shape of the tool top to be positioned at the top of the tool is determined (S2: second step).

Then, the machining control unit 101 rotates by the time t1 shown in FIG. 9, that is, when the machining tool 42C is arranged at the approach position U1, with the machining tool 42C mounted on the rotary spindle 40. The spindle 40 is rotated to position the cutting edge at the highest position. Further, the reference rotation angle determining unit 102 is based on the approach position U1 (approach distance M1) and the rotation position of the tool blade 42a, that is, the predetermined rotation position, and as shown in FIG. 10, the internal teeth 115a in the reference state of the turntable 70 The angle position of is determined by calculating the reference rotation angle P (S2: second step). In this case, the reference rotation angle determining unit 102 considers the feed speed and the rotation speeds of the sleeve 115 and the machining tool 42 in addition to the approach position U1 (approach distance M1) and the predetermined rotation position, and the reference rotation angle. P can be calculated.

The machining position calculation unit 103 calculates the reference rotation angle P determined as described above and the correction angle σL for determining the cutting start position U2 of the left chamfer tooth surface 131 according to the above equation 1. Then, as shown in FIG. 10, the machining control unit 101 rotates the machining tool 42C and the sleeve 115 synchronously based on the correction angle σL (S3: third step). At this time, in this example, the machining position calculation unit 103 calculates the correction amount σd, and the machining control unit 101 corrects the sleeve 115 with the correction amount σd while the machining tool 42C is arranged at the approach position U1. Just rotate. That is, as shown in FIG. 10, the machining control unit 101 corrects the reference rotation angle P with the correction amount σd (S3: third step).

Then, the machining control unit 101 rotates the machining tool 42C and the sleeve 115 synchronously so that the sleeve 115 maintains the correction angle σL. Then, the machining control unit 101 moves the machining tool 42C from the approach position U1 to the sleeve 115 until each of the machining tool 42C and the sleeve 115 rotates synchronously at a preset rotation speed at time t2 shown in FIG. It is moved to the cutting start position U2 in the direction of the rotation axis Lw.

After that, the machining control unit 101 feeds the machining tool 42C once or a plurality of times. As a result, as shown in FIG. 10, the machining tool 42C cuts the internal teeth 115a to form the left chamfer tooth surface 131 on the left tooth surface 115b of the internal teeth 115a (S4: fourth step). Then, when the cutting of the left chamfer tooth surface 131 is completed, the machining control unit 101 arranges the machining tool 42C at the approach position U1 while maintaining the crossing angle φ.

Subsequently, the machining control unit 101 determines the machining tool 42C as shown in FIG. 10 based on the reference rotation angle P and the correction angle σR of the right chamfer tooth surface 132 calculated by the machining position calculation unit 103 according to the above equation 1. And the sleeve 115 are rotated synchronously (S3: third step). At this time, in this example, the machining control unit 101 corrects the reference rotation angle P by rotating the sleeve 115 by the correction amount σd calculated by the machining position calculation unit 103, and the sleeve 115 maintains the correction angle σR. The machining tool 42C and the sleeve 115 are rotated synchronously in this manner. Then, the machining control unit 101 moves the machining tool 42C from the approach position U1 to the sleeve 115 until each of the machining tool 42C and the sleeve 115 rotates synchronously at a preset rotation speed at time t2 shown in FIG. It is moved to the cutting start position U2 in the direction of the rotation axis Lw.

After that, the machining control unit 101 feeds the machining tool 42C once or a plurality of times. As a result, as shown in FIG. 10, the machining tool 42C cuts the internal teeth 115a to form the right chamfer tooth surface 132 on the right tooth surface 115c of the internal teeth 115a (S4: fourth step). Then, when the cutting of the right chamfer tooth surface 132 is completed, the machining control unit 101 arranges the machining tool 42C at the approach position U1 while maintaining the crossing angle φ.

Subsequently, the machining control unit 101 tapers the left tapered tooth surface 121 and the right tapered tooth surface 122 (tapered tooth surface machining step). Therefore, the machining control unit 101 operates the tool changing device 90 to automatically replace the machining tool 42C currently mounted on the rotary spindle 40 with the machining tool 42B stored in the tool magazine M. do. At this time, in the tool changer 90, the detection unit 98 determines whether the cutting edge is located at the rotation position of the tool blade 42a of the machining tool 42B, specifically, at the highest predetermined rotation position in the vertical direction. The blade position information indicating whether or not is positioned is output to the reference rotation angle determining unit 102.

The reference rotation angle determination unit 102 includes blade position information acquired from the detection unit 98 of the tool changer 90, the number of blades (even or odd number) of the machining tool 42B stored in the storage unit 104, and the number of internal teeth 115a. Get (even or odd). Then, based on the relationship shown in the table shown in FIG. 4, the reference rotation angle determining unit 102 corresponds to the machining tool 42B when the tooth groove of the internal tooth 115a is positioned at the uppermost portion in the vertical direction, as shown in FIG. The shape of the tool top is determined (S2: second step).

Then, the machining control unit 101 rotates by the time t1 shown in FIG. 9, that is, when the machining tool 42B is arranged at the approach position U1, with the machining tool 42B mounted on the rotary spindle 40. The spindle 40 is rotated to position the cutting edge at the highest position, that is, at a predetermined rotation position. By aligning the blade groove of the internal tooth 115a with the cutting edge of the machining tool 42B in this way, the machining control unit 101 can make the machining tool 42B and the sleeve 115 match the reference rotation angle P at the time of synchronous rotation. can.

The machining position calculation unit 103 is based on the reference rotation angle P determined as described above and the correction angle σf for determining the cutting start position U2 of the left tapered tooth surface 121 calculated by the machining position calculation unit 103 according to the above equation 1. , As shown in FIG. 10, the machining tool 42B and the sleeve 115 are synchronously rotated (S3: third step). At this time, in this example, the machining control unit 101 corrects the reference rotation angle P by rotating the sleeve 115 by the correction amount σd calculated by the machining position calculation unit 103, and the sleeve 115 maintains the correction angle σf. The machining tool 42B and the sleeve 115 are rotated synchronously in this manner. Then, the machining control unit 101 moves the machining tool 42B from the approach position U1 to the sleeve 115 until each of the machining tool 42B and the sleeve 115 rotates synchronously at a preset rotation speed at time t2 shown in FIG. It is moved to the cutting start position U2 in the direction of the rotation axis Lw.

After that, the machining control unit 101 feeds the machining tool 42B once or a plurality of times. As a result, as shown in FIG. 10, the machining tool 42B cuts the internal teeth 115a to form the left tapered tooth surface 121 including the left sub tooth surface 121a (S4: fourth step). Here, in forming the left tapered tooth surface 121, the machining tool 42B needs to perform a feed operation and a return operation in the direction opposite to the feed operation. In this case, the machining control unit 101 ends the feed operation at a position shorter than the tooth line length of the left tapered tooth surface 121 forming the left tapered tooth surface 121 including the left sub tooth surface 121a, and returns the machining tool 42B. Move to operation. Then, when the cutting of the left tapered tooth surface 121 is completed, the machining control unit 101 arranges the machining tool 42B at the approach position U1 while maintaining the crossing angle φ.

Subsequently, the machining control unit 101 determines the machining tool 42B as shown in FIG. 10 based on the reference rotation angle P and the correction angle σr of the right chamfer tooth surface 132 calculated by the machining position calculation unit 103 according to the above equation 1. And the sleeve 115 are rotated synchronously (S3: third step). At this time, in this example, the machining control unit 101 corrects the reference rotation angle P by rotating the sleeve 115 by the correction amount σd calculated by the machining position calculation unit 103, and the sleeve 115 maintains the correction angle σr. The machining tool 42B and the sleeve 115 are synchronously rotated in this manner (third step). Then, the machining control unit 101 moves the machining tool 42B from the approach position U1 to the sleeve 115 until each of the machining tool 42B and the sleeve 115 rotates synchronously at a preset rotation speed at time t2 shown in FIG. It is moved to the cutting start position U2 in the direction of the rotation axis Lw.

After that, the machining control unit 101 feeds the machining tool 42B once or a plurality of times. As a result, as shown in FIG. 10, the machining tool 42B cuts the internal teeth 115a to form the right tapered tooth surface 122 including the right sub tooth surface 122a (S4: fourth step). Then, when the cutting of the right tapered tooth surface 122 is completed, the machining control unit 101 arranges the machining tool 42C at the approach position U1 while maintaining the crossing angle φ.

Subsequently, the machining control unit 101 finish-cuts the left tooth surface 115b and the right tooth surface 115c of the internal teeth 115a. Therefore, the machining control unit 101 operates the tool changing device 90 to automatically replace the machining tool 42B currently mounted on the rotary spindle 40 with the machining tool 42A stored in the tool magazine M. do. Then, the machining control unit 101 feeds the machining tool 42A once in the direction of the rotation axis Lw of the sleeve 115 while synchronously rotating the machining tool 42A and the sleeve 115 with reference to the reference rotation angle P. As a result, as shown in FIG. 10, the machining tool 42A finish-cuts the left tooth surface 115b and the right tooth surface 115c of the internal teeth 115a (S5: fifth step). The finish cutting process is performed by setting the tool feed rate to be smaller than the tool feed rate at the time of the semi-finish cutting process. Further, in this cutting process, if necessary, a tooth missing process is performed in which the internal tooth 115a is scraped off.

Then, when the finish cutting of the left tooth surface 115b and the right tooth surface 115c of the internal teeth 115a is completed, the processing control unit 101 ends all the processing. Here, by this finish cutting process, burrs generated on the left tooth surface 115b and the right tooth surface 115c of the internal teeth 115a and burrs generated on the left tapered tooth surface 121 and the right tapered tooth surface 122 can be removed. can. Although burrs are generated even after the finish cutting process, they are very small and can be removed by post-treatment (for example, brushing).

As can be understood from the above description, according to the gear processing apparatus 1, it is necessary to measure the tooth phase of the sleeve 115 to be machined each time even when a plurality of processing tools 42A, 42B, 42C are used. The reference rotation angle P can be quickly determined and the next processing can be performed. Therefore, a measuring device for measuring the phase is not required, and the cycle time required for processing can be shortened.

In particular, in skiving machining (gear), the tool blade 42a of the machining tool 42 contacts the sleeve 115 (workpiece) in the order of the rotation direction while rotating at a higher speed than in the case of hobbing, for example. At the same time, it is sent relative to the direction of the rotation axis for processing. Therefore, especially in skiving processing (gear), processing efficiency is good.

Further, according to the gear processing device 1, it is not necessary to measure the tooth surfaces 115b, 115c and the tooth groove 115g of the internal teeth 115a of the sleeve 115 (workpiece) with a touch sensor or the like to grasp the tooth phase of the sleeve 115. .. Then, in the gear processing apparatus 1, the left and right tooth surfaces 115b and 115c of the internal teeth 115a are grasped by grasping the state of the tool blade 42a (odd number blade, even number blade, cutting edge 42b, blade groove 42c) of the processing tool 42. The left and right tapered tooth surfaces 121 and 122 and the left and right chamfer tooth surfaces 131 and 132 can be processed with high efficiency and high accuracy.

Further, according to the gear processing apparatus 1, the processing efficiency is further improved by using the optimum processing tool 42 according to the processing process. Then, in the gear processing apparatus 1, different processing and a plurality of processing can be performed by exchanging tools, so that one machine can perform a plurality of processing. Therefore, a plurality of machines are not required, and processing can be performed at low cost and with high efficiency.

(6. Others)
In skiving using the gear processing device 1 described above, the intersection of the tool end face of the processing tool 42 and the rotation axis L may be positioned on the rotation axis Lw of the sleeve 115 (offset amount “0”), or the intersection. Can be offset by a predetermined distance in the direction of the rotation axis L of the machining tool 42. Also in this case, similarly to the above-mentioned example, the reference rotation angle P can be determined at the approach position U1 and the correction amount σd can be calculated. Therefore, the same effect as this example described above can be expected.

Further, in the above-mentioned example, as shown in the above equation 1, the cutting start position U2, that is, the correction angle σ is calculated using the module m of the sleeve 115 and the number of teeth Z. Instead of this, it is possible to calculate the correction angle σ by using the module and the number of teeth of the machining tool 42 for the module and the number of teeth in the above formula 1.

Specifically, when calculating the module in the above equation 1, the pitch circle diameter of the workpiece can be used as the pitch circle diameter, and the pitch circle diameter of the machining tool can be used as the pitch circle diameter. .. In this case as well, the same effect can be obtained in this example described above.

1 ... Gear processing device, 10 ... Bed, 20 ... Column, 30 ... Saddle, 40 ... Rotating spindle, 41 ... Spindle motor, 42 (42A, 42B, 42C) ... Machining tool, 42a ... Tool blade, 42b ... Cutting edge, 42c ... Blade groove, 43 ... Tool holder, 50 ... Table, 60 ... Tilt table, 70 ... Turntable (workpiece rotation drive device), 71 ... Encoder, 80 ... Workpiece holding device, 90 ... Tool changer, 98 ... Detection unit, 100 ... Control device, 101 ... Machining control unit, 102 ... Reference rotation angle determination unit, 103 ... Machining position calculation unit, 104 ... Storage unit, 110 ... Synchronized mesh mechanism, 115 ... Sleeve (workpiece), 115a ... Internal tooth, 115 g ... Tooth groove, 120 ... Gear disengagement prevention part, 121, 122 ... Tapered tooth surface, 131, 132 ... Chanfa tooth surface, L ... Rotation axis, Lw ... Rotation axis, M ... Tool magazine, M1 ... Approach distance , M2 ... Cutting movement distance, P ... Reference rotation angle, U1 ... Approach position, U2 ... Cutting start position, U2j ... Actual cutting start position, σ ... Correction angle (cutting start position), σd ... Correction amount

Claims (9)

A gear processing device that creates a plurality of teeth by feeding a machining tool relative to the direction of the rotation axis of the workpiece while rotating it synchronously with the workpiece and cutting the peripheral surface of the workpiece.
Equipped with a control device having a machining control unit and a reference rotation angle determination unit,
The machining control unit cuts the rotation position of the tool blade of the machining tool at an approach position where the machining tool is arranged at a distance from the workpiece in the direction of the rotation axis. The tooth groove is cut on the peripheral surface of the workpiece while being controlled to a predetermined rotation position according to the position of the tooth groove formed on the peripheral surface of the work and the machining tool is rotated synchronously with the workpiece. Process and
The reference rotation angle determining unit calculates the angle position of the tooth groove in the reference state of the workpiece rotation drive device that rotationally drives the workpiece as the reference rotation angle based on the approach position and the predetermined rotation position. Gear processing equipment determined by. The control device is
When cutting a tooth surface having a helix angle with respect to a plurality of the teeth with reference to the reference rotation angle, the processing tool arranged at the approach position hits the workpiece in the direction of the rotation axis. The gear machining according to claim 1, further comprising a machining position calculation unit that calculates a cutting start position at which the machining tool starts cutting of the tooth surface based on an approach distance for moving to contact and the helix angle. Device. The processing position calculation unit
A correction amount corresponding to the difference in the rotation direction of the workpiece between the cutting start position calculated based on the reference rotation angle and the actual cutting start position when cutting the tooth surface is calculated.
The machining control unit
The gear processing apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the reference rotation angle is corrected by using the correction amount. The machining control unit
The gear processing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the reference rotation angle is corrected by rotating at least one of the workpiece and the processing tool based on the correction amount. The cutting process is any one of claims 2-4, which is a taper cutting process for cutting a tapered tooth surface on the tooth or a chamfer cutting process for cutting a chamfer tooth surface on the tooth. The gear processing device described. The control device is
The workpiece is provided with a storage unit for storing the machining conditions for creating the tooth by cutting the tooth groove and the tool specifications of the machining tool.
The gear machining apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the machining control unit determines the predetermined rotation position based on the machining conditions and the tool specifications. The machining condition is a case where an even or odd number of internal teeth is created in the work piece, the tool specifications are a case where the tool blade of the work tool is an even number or an odd number, and the work piece is When processing the tooth groove in the first direction orthogonal to the axial direction,
The machining control unit
The gear processing apparatus according to claim 6, wherein the processing tool is rotated and controlled so that the cutting edge of the tool blade is set to the predetermined rotation position. A gear that cuts the peripheral surface of the workpiece by feeding the machining tool relative to the direction of the rotation axis of the workpiece while rotating it synchronously with the workpiece, and creates a plurality of teeth on the peripheral surface. It ’s a processing method,
At the approach position where the machining tool is arranged apart from the workpiece in the direction of the rotation axis, the rotation position of the tool blade of the machining tool is formed on the peripheral surface of the workpiece by cutting. The first step of cutting the tooth groove on the peripheral surface of the workpiece in a state where the machining tool is controlled to a predetermined rotation position according to the position of the tooth groove to be formed and the machining tool is rotated synchronously with the workpiece. ,
Based on the approach position and the predetermined rotation position, the second step is determined by calculating the angular position of the tooth groove in the reference state of the workpiece rotation drive device that rotationally drives the workpiece as the reference rotation angle. ,
Gear processing method equipped with. In order to process a tooth surface having a helix angle with respect to the plurality of teeth created in the first step, the processing tool arranged at the approach position is attached to the workpiece in the direction of the rotation axis. Using the approach distance to move to the contact and the helix angle, the cutting start position at which the machining tool starts cutting the tooth surface is calculated based on the reference rotation angle, and the tooth surface is machined. The gear processing method according to claim 8, further comprising a third step.

Images