JP2758642B2 - Engine starting device and starting method - Google Patents

Description

Description: TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to an engine starting device and an engine starting method.

(Prior Art) In an engine, a starting motor and a charging generator are indispensable. However, since the starting motor and the charging generator have expensive windings as essential components, the manufacturing cost of the engine increases. Was the cause. In particular, in the case of a vehicle engine, simplification around the crankshaft is desired because accessories such as a compressor are also arranged around the crankshaft outside the engine. Therefore, for the engine,
Using a starting generator in which a starting motor and a charging generator are integrated as proposed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 202255 or the like, simplification around the crankshaft and reduction in manufacturing cost can be achieved. The starting motor described above supports a shaft connected to a crankshaft in a housing, a rotor is provided on the shaft, and a stator having a winding is provided on the housing, and the winding of the stator is connected to a starting motor system circuit such as a drive circuit. Connect to a charging generator system circuit such as a rectifier circuit.

(Problems to be Solved by the Invention) By the way, in the above-described starting motor, the crankshaft rotation speed characteristic required for the starting motor and the crankshaft rotation speed characteristic required for the charging generator are different. Matching the characteristics is essential. However, since the above-described starting motor has a basic structure in which the winding of the stator is shared for starting and power generation, it is difficult to match both characteristics.

The present application has been made in view of the above circumstances, and in an engine in which a starting motor and a charging generator are connected to a crankshaft by a single power transmission system, characteristics of the starting motor with respect to the rotation speed of the crankshaft and charging power generation are described. A starting method for providing an engine starting device capable of matching the characteristics of a motor, and effectively transmitting a starting torque of a starting motor to a crankshaft at the time of starting the engine to save power. The purpose is to provide.

(Means for Solving the Problems) A starting device for an engine according to the present invention connects both a starting motor and a charging generator to a crankshaft in a single power transmission system so that bidirectional power transmission is possible. The point is that the power transmission system is provided with a speed change mechanism that changes the gear ratio between the time when the starting motor is energized and the time when charging is performed by the charging generator. And a power transmission system in which a gear ratio is changed between when power is supplied to a starting motor and when charging is performed by a charging generator. The gist is to interpose a mechanism and start energization of the starting motor after establishing the gear ratio of the transmission mechanism.

(Operation) According to the starting device for an engine of the present invention, the speed ratio of the transmission mechanism changes between when the power is supplied to the starting motor and when the power is generated by the charging generator, and therefore, without changing the starting motor or the charging generator. Can be easily matched with each other.

Further, according to the engine start method of the present invention, the energization of the start motor is started after the gear ratio of the transmission mechanism is established, so that the start torque of the start motor can be effectively transmitted to the crankshaft, and a large current can be transmitted. The time for energizing the starting motor, which must be energized, can be reduced, and power can be saved.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

1 to 4 show an engine starting device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is an overall sectional view, FIG. 2 (a) is a front sectional view of a main part, and FIG. ) Is a side view in which a part of a main part is cut away, FIG. 3 is a block diagram, and FIG. 4 is a timing chart.

In FIG. 1, E is an engine, T is a transmission mechanism, S is a starting generator in which a starting motor and a charging generator are integrated, and the engine E starts the crankshaft 11 via the transmission mechanism T and the belt B. The generator S is connected to be capable of transmitting power in both directions. In addition, the belt B, a pulley described below, and the like constitute a power transmission system.

As shown in detail in FIGS. 2 (a) and 2 (b), the transmission mechanism T has an output shaft 13 supported coaxially with the crankshaft 11 by a housing 12 fixed to the outer wall of the engine E.
A well-known planetary gear set P including a sun gear 14, a carrier 15, a planetary gear 16, and a ring gear 17 is disposed concentrically with the output shaft 13. The output shaft 13 has a crank pulley 18 fixed to an end protruding from the housing 12, and is connected to the starting generator S by a belt B wound around the crank pulley 18. Sun gear 14 is output shaft 13
The carrier 15 is supported on the output shaft 13 via a one-way clutch 19, and the planetary gear 16 is supported on the carrier 15 via a ball bearing.
The carrier 15 has a crankshaft at the left end in FIG.
11, the one-way clutch 19 allows only power transmission to the output shaft 13 side. As shown in FIG. 2 (b), the ring gear 17 has sawtooth-shaped locking teeth (locked portions) 17a formed over the entire outer peripheral portion. Locking prevents rotation (restriction) in only one direction (Wc). As described later, this planetary gear set P
Is transmitted to the power input to the crankshaft 11 at a reduced speed when the ring gear 17 is restrained.
The power output from is transmitted by the one-way clutch 19 (with a gear ratio of 1) even when the ring gear 17 is restrained.

In FIG. 2 (b), the arrow Wc indicates the crankshaft.
The arrow Wu indicates the direction in which the ring gear 17 is energized when power is output from the crankshaft 11 when power is input to the 11 side.

As shown in detail in FIG. 2 (b), a locking claw 21 and an electromagnetic actuator 22 are arranged on the housing 12 radially outward of the ring gear 17. The locking claw 21 is rotatably supported by the housing 12 by a pin 23 so that the tip can be locked to the locking tooth 17a, and forms a ratchet mechanism R together with the locking tooth 17a. The locking claw 21 is urged by a torsion spring 24 wound around a pin 23 in a direction in which the distal end is separated from the locking tooth 17a, and a protruding piece 21a is formed on the base end side to form the protruding piece 21a. The plunger 22a of the electromagnetic actuator 22 is in contact. The electromagnetic actuator 22 is connected to the housing 12
And a built-in solenoid is connected to a drive circuit (described later) built in the starting generator S. The electromagnetic actuator 22 urges the protruding piece 21a of the locking claw 21 in a direction in which the tip thereof is locked to the locking tooth 17a by a pressing force corresponding to a current value supplied from the drive circuit.

The starting generator S is a housing fixed to the engine E.
A shaft 26 is supported by 25, a stator 27 is disposed on a central inner wall of the housing 25, and a rotor 28 fixed to the shaft 26 is disposed inside the stator 27. The shaft 26 has a pulley fixed to the right end protruding from the housing 25,
A belt B is mounted between the crank 29 and the crank pulley 18 so as to transmit power, and a plurality of permanent magnets 30a are fixedly provided at the left end. The rotor 28 is configured by holding the field coil 31 with yokes 32a and 32b that combine in a comb shape, and the field coil 31 is connected to a voltage regulator 33 disposed on the right side of the stator 27 via a slip ring 34 and a brush 35. Have been. The rotor 28 generates a large number of magnetic poles alternately in the circumferential direction on the outer peripheral portions of the yokes 32a and 32b when the field coil 31 is excited. The stator 27 has a three-phase connected starting coil 36.
And a power generating coil 37 distributed around the yoke 38 in a circumferential direction, the power generating coil 37 is provided in a rectifier circuit 39 disposed on the right side of the stator 27, and a starting coil 36 is provided in a drive circuit 40 described later.
It is connected to the.

The housing 25 has a substantially cylindrical cover on the left outer side.
A cover 41 is fixed, and a substantially cylindrical cylinder 42 is provided in the cover 41 coaxially with the cover 41. A cylindrical body inside the cover 41
A space having a substantially annular cross section which is open on both sides to the outside and the inside of the housing 25 is defined between the drive circuit and the drive circuit 40 including six power modules 43. The power module 43 has both ends in the axial direction supported by the cover 41 and the housing 25 by support plates 44a and 44b, respectively, and is arranged concentrically in the above space in a hexagonal shape. These power modules 43 are formed by directly attaching switching elements such as MOS-FETs to a substantially plate-shaped casing made of a conductive and thermoconductive material and having a large heat capacity, and a starting coil.
36 terminals are connected in parallel corresponding to the three terminals. The cylindrical body 42 is provided on the inner wall at the end on the housing 25 side.
Three Hall elements 30b are provided adjacent to a, and a control circuit 45 and a drive circuit 46 for the electromagnetic actuator 22 described above are accommodated therein. The hall element 30b is connected to the control circuit 45
And a rotor position sensor 30 that detects the position of the rotor 28 with the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 30a.

As shown in FIG. 3, the control circuit 45 includes a delay circuit 47 and a motor controller 48, and the delay circuit 47 and the drive circuit 46 for the electromagnetic actuator 22 are integrally formed. In the delay circuit 47, the input terminal ST is connected to the starting terminal ST of the ignition key switch 49, the output terminal INH is connected to the input terminal INH of the motor controller 48, and the delay circuit 47 is connected to the drive circuit 46 by a signal system (not shown). I have. When the start signal ST is input to the input terminal ST, the delay circuit 47 outputs a shift signal SOL to the drive circuit 46 and outputs a start signal INH to the motor controller 48 from the output terminal INH. As shown in FIG. 4, the delay circuit 47 outputs the shift signal SOL as a rectangular wave in which a high-potential square wave SOL1 having a predetermined width τ1 and a low-potential square wave SOL2 having a predetermined width τ2 are periodically repeated, In addition, the start signal INH is output as a square wave that rises with a predetermined time delay t within the first high potential period τ1 of the shift signal SOL after the rise of the shift signal SOL, and these signals SOL and INH are output as the start signal. Output continuously during the period input by ST.
The drive circuit 46 has an output terminal SOL connected to the solenoid of the electromagnetic actuator 22, and outputs a large current during a high potential period τ1 of the shift signal SOL and a low potential period according to the potential of the shift signal SOL input from the delay circuit 47. A small current is output to the solenoid of the electromagnetic actuator 22 for τ2.

As is well known, the ignition key switch 49
Is provided with a terminal E connected to the battery 50, an output terminal IG, the above-described starting terminal ST, and the like. When the engine is started, the terminals IG, ST and the terminal E are connected according to the operation of the ignition key. Connect terminals IG and E.

The motor controller 48 has input terminals a, b, c, Vcc, and GND connected to the three Hall elements 30b described above, and terminals U, V, W, u, b, v, and w connected to the drive circuit 40 described above. A Hall voltage is applied to the Hall element 30b from the terminals Vcc and GND, and the Hall element 30 is applied to the terminals a, b and c.
b, a detection signal is input, and a predetermined three-phase current is output from the terminals U, V, W, u, v, w based on the detection signal of the Hall element 30b only during the input period of the start signal ST to the terminal INH. Is output to the drive circuit 40. The drive circuit 40 inputs the signals output from the terminals U, V, W, u, v, w described above to the gates of the FETs of the six power modules 43, respectively,
The three-phase current is output to the starting coil 36 of the stator 27 with a phase corresponding to the rotational position of the shaft 26. In each circuit described above, IG is a terminal of the ignition key switch 49.
A power supply terminal connected to the IG, and GND indicates a grounded terminal.

Reference numeral 31 denotes the above-described field coil, reference numeral 33 denotes a voltage regulator, reference numeral 37 denotes a power generation coil, reference numeral 39 denotes a rectifier circuit, and the rectifier circuit 39 is connected to a battery 50 via a relay 51. Relay 51, ignition key switch 49
In response to the start signal ST, the rectifier circuit 39 is disconnected from the battery 50 during the output period of the start signal ST.

 Next, the operation of this embodiment will be described.

In this engine starting device, the terminal E of the key switch 49 is operated by operating the ignition key to the start position.
When the start signal ST is output to the delay circuit 47 due to conduction between the STs, the delay circuit 47 sends the shift signal SOL to the drive circuit 46,
A start signal INH is output to the motor controller 48 with a predetermined time delay t, the drive circuit 46 energizes the solenoid of the electromagnetic actuator 22 in synchronization with the shift signal SOL, and thereafter, the motor controller 48 synchronizes with the start signal INH. And outputs a drive signal to the activation circuit 40. For this reason, the ratchet mechanism R locks the locking claw 21 with the locking teeth 17a of the ring gear 17 when the locking claw 21 is pressed by the electromagnetic actuator 22, and the planetary gear set P
A gear ratio is established in which the ring gear 17 is restrained and the output of the starting generator S is reduced, and after a predetermined time t has elapsed, the starting coil 36 is energized to generate a starting torque. Therefore, the output of the starting generator S can be effectively used, and the power loss at the time of starting the engine can be extremely reduced.

Further, at the time of starting the engine, the drive circuit 46 changes the current value to be supplied to the electromagnetic actuator 22 according to the potential of the shift signal SOL so that the current value is large when the shift signal SOL is at a high potential and is small when the shift signal SOL is at a low potential. The force by which the actuator 22 urges the locking claw 21 is large when the shift signal SOL is at a high potential and is small when the shift signal SOL is at a low potential. For this reason, during the operation of the ignition key to the start position, that is, during the output of the start signal ST, the rotation speed of the crankshaft 11 of the engine E temporarily becomes higher than that of the output shaft 13 and the ring gear
Even when 17 rotates in the direction of the arrow Wu in the drawing, the locking claw 21 can be prevented from coming off the locking teeth 17a, and the engine E can be reliably started while reducing the power consumed by the electromagnetic actuator 22. Can be. Then, the energization of the starting coil 36 is started at τ1 within a period in which the electromagnetic actuator 22 first urges the locking claw 21 with a large urging force. Even when the ring gear 17 is not locked, the locking claw 21 can be urged with a large force to lock the locking teeth 17a after rotating the ring gear 17, thereby ensuring the output of the starting generator S. And can be transmitted to the crankshaft 11.

Next, when the engine E is started and the operation of the ignition key to the start position is stopped, the rectifier circuit 39 is connected to the battery 50 like a relay 51, and power is supplied to the solenoid of the electromagnetic actuator 22. Is stopped, and the ring gear 17 of the planetary gear set P is released. For this reason, the transmission T transmits the output of the crankshaft 11 to the starting generator S without changing the speed of the crankshaft 11 by the one-way clutch 19 (at a gear ratio of 1), and the starting generator S generates a three-phase alternating current in the generating coil 37. Then, the three-phase alternating current is rectified by the current circuit 39.

As described above, when the starting generator S functions as a starting motor, the output is reduced by the transmission T and transmitted to the crankshaft 11, and when the starting generator S functions as a charging generator, the output of the crankshaft 11 is shifted. Since the transmission is performed without being performed, there is no need to match the body crankshaft rotation speed characteristic as the starting motor with the crankshaft rotation speed characteristic as the charging generator, and the circuit can be simplified.

Needless to say, the present invention can be achieved not only by the planetary gear type transmission T and the starting generator S disclosed in the above-described embodiment, but also by other transmission mechanisms and the aforementioned publications. And the like, and can be achieved even if the starting motor and the charging generator are separate from each other.

(Effects of the Invention) As described above, according to the engine starting device of the present invention, there is obtained an effect that the charging generator and the starting motor can be connected to the crankshaft by one transmission system without adjusting the characteristics thereof. Can be

According to the engine starting method of the present invention,
The effect is obtained that power can be saved by effectively using the starting torque of the starting motor.

[Brief description of the drawings]

1 to 4 show an engine starting device according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 is an overall sectional view, FIG. 2 (a) is an enlarged front sectional view of a main part, and FIG. ) Is a side view in which a part is cut away, FIG. 3 is a block diagram, and FIG. 4 is a timing chart. 11 ... Crankshaft 14 ... Sun gear 15 ... Carrier 16 ... Planetaria gear 17 ... Ring gear 18 ... Crank pulley 19 ... One-way clutch 22 ... Electromagnetic actuator 36 ... Starting coil 37 ... Generating coil 47 ... Delay circuit 48 ... Motor controller 49 ... Nission key switch 50: battery E: engine, S: starter B: belt, T: transmission P: planetary gear set, R: ratchet mechanism

Continuation of the front page (56) References JP-A-56-34957 (JP, A) JP-A-63-162957 (JP, A) JP-A-1-187365 (JP, A) JP-A-47-8829 (JP) , U) JP 35-14402 (JP, B1) (58) Fields investigated (Int. Cl. ⁶ , DB name) F02N 11/04

Claims (6)

(57) [Claims] 1. An engine starter comprising: a transmission mechanism; and a starting motor and a charging generator, which are connected to a crankshaft so that power can be transmitted bidirectionally by a single power transmission system. A planetary gear set that performs a shift operation by restraining and releasing the control element using one of a sun gear, a carrier, or a ring gear as a control element, a locked portion formed on the control element, and locking with the locked portion A ratchet mechanism comprising a lock claw that is supported and capable of locking the lock claw to the locked portion to prohibit rotation of the control element in only one direction;
An actuator that urges the locking claw in a direction of locking the locked portion to the locked portion, when the power transmission system is energized to the starting motor and charged by the charging generator. A starting device for an engine, wherein a speed change ratio is changed. 2. The starting method of an engine according to claim 1, wherein the starting motor is energized after the speed ratio of the transmission mechanism is established. 3. The starting device for an engine according to claim 1, wherein the starting motor and the charging generator are integrally assembled and share a rotating shaft connected to the power transmission system. Characteristic engine starting device. 4. The starting device for an engine according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the transmission mechanism decelerates the output of the starting motor when energizing the starting motor to reduce the output of the starting motor to the crankshaft. An engine starting device characterized by transmitting. 5. The engine starting device according to claim 1, wherein the actuator comprises an electromagnetic actuator that generates an urging force according to a current value to be supplied, and the supply of the electromagnetic actuator to a large current. An engine starting device characterized in that a small current is alternately performed at a predetermined cycle. 6. The starting apparatus for an engine according to claim 5, wherein energization of said starting motor is started during an initial high-current energizing period of said electromagnetic actuator. Method.