JP2763244B2 - Elevator braking system - Google Patents

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an elevator braking device for braking an elevator in which a car is suspended on one side of a rope wound around a sheave and a counterweight is suspended on the other side. It is about.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG.
And FIG. 7 is a side view showing the hoist shown in FIG. In the figure, a hoisting machine 1 is installed in a machine room above a hoistway. A rope 4 is wound around a drive sheave 2 which is a sheave of the hoisting machine 1 and a deflector wheel 3 which is a sheave provided in the machine room 1. Basket 5 on one side of rope 4
However, counterweights 6 are suspended from the other side via suspension wheels 7, respectively.

A first speed detector 8 for detecting the speed of the drive sheave 2 is provided at the shaft end of the hoisting machine 1. A second speed detector 9 for detecting the speed of the rope 4 is connected to the deflector wheel 3. The hoisting machine 1 is provided with a brake drum 10 that rotates together with the drive sheave 2, and a pair of brake linings 11 that grip the brake drum 10 from both sides are provided radially outside the brake drum 10. I have. The pair of brake linings 11 are urged by a spring 12 toward the side where the brake drum 10 is gripped. An electromagnetic magnet 13 for releasing the gripping state of the brake lining 11 is attached to the upper part of the hoist 1 via a magnet receiving beam 14.

[0004] Such a conventional elevator is operated by transmitting the driving force of the hoisting machine 1 to the rope 4 by friction between the driving sheave 2 and the rope 4. At this time, the rope 4 slightly slips on the drive sheave 2 according to the weight difference between the car 5 and the counterweight 6.

However, when an excessive load is applied or an abnormal acceleration is applied, the vehicle slips more than an amount assumed in advance. Therefore, the first speed detector 8 for detecting the speed of the drive sheave 2 and the rope 4 are used. And a second speed detector 9 for detecting the speed of the vehicle. When an abnormal slip is detected, the power supply to the electromagnetic magnet 13 is stopped, and the brake lining 11 is pressed against the brake drum 10 by the spring 12 to stop the elevator.

[0006]

In the conventional braking device for an elevator constructed as described above, the car 5 is not stopped by the braking device itself, but the frictional force between the driving sheave 2 and the rope 4 is generated. Since the braking force is transmitted via the brake, it is necessary that the frictional force is equal to or higher than the braking force in order to stop the car 5.
Was.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and a car and a counterweight can be more reliably and safely irrespective of the frictional force between a driving sheave and a rope. It is an object of the present invention to obtain an elevator braking device that can be stopped at a high speed.

[0008]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an elevator braking device which uses a closing spring during braking.
The braking member is inserted, and the braking member is pressed against the sheave side by a pressing spring .

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an elevator braking apparatus wherein a braking member is pushed between a sheave and its peripheral members when a disconnection of a rope is detected by a disconnection detecting means. .

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided an elevator braking device in which two pairs of braking members are arranged in different directions.

[0011]

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. Embodiment 1 FIG. FIG. 1 is a front view showing an elevator braking device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The same or corresponding parts as those in FIGS. 6 and 7 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted.

In the figure, a pressing body 15 having a slope on the side of the deflector wheel 3 is provided on a mounting beam 30. The pressing body 15 is capable of reciprocating in a direction (left-right direction in the drawing) that comes into contact with and separates from the deflector wheel 3. The pressing body 15 is
The spring 3 is biased toward the deflecting wheel 3 by a disc spring 16 as a pressing spring.
Movement to the side is regulated.

A wedge-shaped braking member 18 is provided between the deflector wheel 3 and the pressing body 15 so as to be able to move up and down. The braking member 18 has a rope groove 1 for gripping the rope 4.
8a are formed. Further, the brake member 18 is biased downward by turned for <br/> spring 19, by the flange 18b of the upper portion is engaged with the plunger 20a of the electromagnet 20, usually downwardly Movement is regulated.

Below the braking member 18, a lower stopper 21 that guides the movement of the pressing body 15 is arranged while the lower end of the braking member 18 abuts during braking. A guide roller 22 composed of a plurality of balls is interposed between the pressing body 15 and the braking member 18.

Next, the operation will be described. When an abnormal operation of the elevator is detected, the electromagnetic magnet 2
The zero plunger 20a operates, and the support of the flange 18b is released. As a result, the braking member 18 loses its own weight and throws.
It moves downward by the pressing force of the input spring 19. When the rope 4 moves down to some extent, it is pulled in by the frictional force caused by the contact between the rope 4 and the rope groove 18a, and comes into contact with the lower stopper 21.

When the braking member 18 moves down, the pressing member 15 is pressed by the braking member 18 and separates from the deflector wheel 3.
Move in the direction Then, the braking member 18 is
The urging force generated in the disc spring 16 when it comes into contact with the
, Through the pressing body 15, the guide roller 22, and the braking member 18.
And join rope 4. Therefore, a constant value of the braking force on the rope 4 is ensured by the disc spring 16. FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG.
“a” is formed in a V-shaped cross section so that the apparent frictional force increases.

As described above, the wedge-shaped braking member 18 is deflected and pushed between the wheel 3 and the pressing body 15, and the rope 4 is directly gripped by the braking member 18, so that the drive sheave 2 idles or the drive sheave Even under the condition that the rope 4 slips in the opposite direction to the rotation direction of 2,
The elevator can be more reliably and safely decelerated and stopped.

Conventionally, mechanical braking and holding devices in elevators generally include an electromagnetic brake provided in a driving device and used during normal operation, and an emergency stop device provided in a car and used in an emergency. Of these, as the electromagnetic brake, a drum type and a disk type are widely used, but since the boosting action by the wedge is small, a large force is required to obtain a required braking force, and the It is accompanied by enlargement. In addition, the emergency stop device also obtains braking force by grasping the guide rail,
As in the case of the disc type brake, the boosting action by the wedge is small, and the device becomes large.

On the other hand, in the braking device according to the first embodiment, only the trigger for pushing the wedge-shaped braking member 18 needs to be given, and by setting the angle of the wedge arbitrarily,
Since the required braking force can be easily obtained, the device becomes compact and inexpensive.

Embodiment 2 FIG. Next, FIG. 3 is a front view showing an elevator braking device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
An emergency stop is performed at the same time as abnormal operation or operation is mechanically detected. In the figure, a rotatable roller support 23 is disposed above the braking member 18. At one end of the roller support 23, a locking portion 23a for locking the flange 18b of the braking member 18 is provided.
A rotatable roller 24 is attached to the other end of the roller support 23. Further, roller support 2
3 is urged counterclockwise in the figure by a tension spring 25 so that the roller 24 comes into contact with the rope 4. In addition,
The roller support 23, the roller 24, and the spring 25 constitute a cut detection unit and a slip detection unit 26.

In the braking device configured as described above, the tension of the rope 4 becomes abnormally small, and the rope 4 becomes loose.
Is cut off, the roller support 23 is pulled by the tension spring 25 and rotates, and the locking portion 23a comes off the flange 18b. Accordingly, the braking member 18 moves down as in the first embodiment, the rope 4 is gripped, and the operation of the elevator is stopped.

According to such a braking device, since the loosening or cutting of the rope 4 can be mechanically detected and the operation can be immediately stopped, the safety and reliability are further improved. Note that the cut detection means and the slip detection means are not limited to the above-described second embodiment.

Embodiment 3 FIG. Next, FIG. 4 is a front view showing an elevator braking device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.
The table is attached to the magnet receiving beam 30 with the directions opposite to each other. In the apparatus of the first embodiment, braking can be performed only when the moving direction of the rope 4 is the same as the direction in which the braking member 18 is pushed, that is, when the deflector wheel 3 is rotating clockwise in FIG. However, by using two units as a pair as in the third embodiment, an emergency stop can be performed at the time of ascent and descent irrespective of the weight of the car 5 and the counterweight 6.

Embodiment 4 FIG. FIG. 5 is a front view showing an elevator braking device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. FIG. A similar braking device is attached. As described above, even if the rope 4 is gripped at the position of the hanging wheel 7, the same effect as in the third embodiment can be obtained.

The method of elevator roping is not limited to the above embodiments.

In each of the above embodiments, the braking device for an emergency stop has been described. However, it goes without saying that the present invention can also be used for holding after stopping during normal operation. For example, it can be used during normal operation only by employing a structure in which the flange 18b in FIG. 1 is replaced with a plunger of an electromagnetic magnet. That is, when the elevator stops or brakes, the electromagnetic magnet is turned off and the closing spring 1 is turned off.
9, the braking member 18 may be pushed in, and during operation, the electromagnetic magnet may be turned on to pull out the braking member 18.

[0027]

As described above, the elevator braking device according to the first aspect of the present invention is pushed in between the sheave and its peripheral members during braking, and grips the rope between the sheave and the sheave. Since the wedge-shaped braking member for stopping the car is provided, there is an effect that the car and the counterweight can be stopped more reliably and safely irrespective of the frictional force between the drive sheave and the rope. Further, since a large braking force is obtained by the boosting action of the wedge-shaped braking member, there is an effect that the entire apparatus can be made compact and inexpensive. When braking, the braking member is moved by the closing spring.
The braking member is pressed against the sheave side by the pressing spring
The braking member with the closing spring.
Can be fed smoothly and
Ahn boss was pressing force by the roots, that is is possible to ensure the braking force
it can.

Further, elevator braking device of a second invention, when cutting the rope is detected by the disconnection detection unit. Thus pushing the brake member between the sheave and its peripheral members, it can be immediately stopped the car at the time of cutting of the b-loop, an effect that it is possible to improve the safety and reliability. In addition, the disconnection detecting means
It is provided so that it always comes in contact with the rope.
Displacement at the time of cutting the rope, mechanically cut the rope
Detection of rope breakage.
And the reliability can be further improved.

Furthermore, elevator braking device of the invention of claim 3, two since the pair disposed toward the braking member into different directions, that the car regardless of the OPERATION direction can be stopped safely reliably It works.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view showing an elevator braking device according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along the line II-II in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a front view showing an elevator braking device according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a front view showing an elevator braking device according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a front view showing an elevator braking device according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a vertical sectional view of a hoistway of a conventional elevator.

FIG. 7 is a side view showing the hoist of FIG. 6;

[Description of Signs ] 2 Drive sheave (Wool sheave), 3 Deflection sheave (Wear sheave), 4
Ropes, 5 baskets, 6 counterweights, 7 hanging sheaves, sheaves,
16 disc springs (springs), 18 braking members, 19 input
Spring, 26 cutting detection means.

Claims (3)

(57) [Claims] An elevator braking device for braking an elevator having a car wound on one side of a rope wound around a sheave and a counterweight suspended on the other side, wherein the sheave is connected to the rope at the time of braking. A wedge-shaped braking member that is pushed between the surrounding members and stops the car by gripping the rope between the sheave and the sheave;
Put the braking member between the sheave and the peripheral member
A closing spring, which is provided separately from the closing spring, and presses the braking member against the sheave side during braking.
A braking device for an elevator, comprising: a spring for an elevator. 2. A cage on one side of the wound around the rope on the sheave, the elevator brake device the braking of the elevator counterweight on the other side is suspended, respectively, in a normal person in the rope Provided to touch,
Cutting detection means for mechanically detecting the cutting of the rope by being displaced when cutting the rope; and, when the cutting of the rope is detected by the cutting detection means, between the sheave and the surrounding members. And a wedge-shaped braking member that is pushed into the sheave and stops the car by gripping the rope between the sheave and the sheave. 3. An elevator braking device for braking an elevator having a car on one side of a rope wound around a sheave and a counterweight suspended on the other side, wherein the sheave is connected to the rope at the time of braking. A wedge-shaped braking member that is pushed between the peripheral members and holds the car by gripping the rope between the sheave and the sheave; and the braking member includes two braking members in different directions from each other. An elevator braking device characterized by being arranged in a pair.